Chapter 2 One Page Notes
Chapter 2 One Page Notes
Chapter 2 One Page Notes
Fexty f
To
i e V=
.
⑭ >
Ve-V, =
Fext Au
volt or J/C
>
-S1 unit is
7
qo
⑭Electric Potential difference : between two point is defined as
Here Ex-E =
-G E AV =
-G E AT .
DV = -
E D
.
90
-B VA-YB Next ~
E
& =
Go
o
Go re
D dV = -E di .
⑭ ⑪
q Go
r
,
4 EoN
Point (Source) In Cartesian form
charge = Ex + Ey + E F xY + yy + Zk
=
EoDF -Endx-Eydy-Ezdz
=
⑪ ↳
is equal to the
algebraic sum of the
92 r2 2z
V V+ V2 + Ve a ,
=
, ⑭
E is
Note : Negative sign shows that the direction of the
P At axial point
j
⑭
V =
P Electric Potential Energy : The amount of work done required to
p
4 Eor2 assemble the point charges in a
system from
infinity against
-
q
↑ O % +9
At
CRPD I ⑭ "I · equatorial point electrostatic field is called electrostatic potential energy .
& 2a -
Electric Potential energy of
-
V= 0 a system of two point charges .
Me
U = + 9 , 92 distance between 9 and 92
42 =
A Kg e
I Equipotential Surface : A surface on which the electric U =
, ④
q2
to another on an equipotential surface is zero
. r
,2
-
Two equipotential surfaces can never intersect one The amount of work done to carry charge a from
infinity to
another
. position vector T .
W
,
=
9 (i) (G) - Potential due External
for Equipotential surface
,
the single field .
kg = 92
>
-
V(E) - Potential due to ext. field .
4xE4, 2
,
+
92V(E) + 9492
For Uniform 41iEV12
Electric This amount of work done is stored in terms of potential energy
.
field
. in U= 9 , V (F) + 92V(E2) + &
4
iEY, 2
# Electrostatics of Conductors - means behaviour of conductor Effect of dielectric
E =
E·
T
L
field , then I & Q
following points are observed. > +
-
- ·
V Ed
Ed
V
=
Ei
= =
·
The free the surface of conductor
>
charges reside over Ei t
-
-
.
7
t
-The net charge inside the conductor is
-
Zero
.
V C
↓ 4 q C KC
> = = = =
>
-
3
, >
Er
dielectric
-
>
-
Electric field at the surface of Capacitance of Parallel plate capacitor with dielectric slab
>
-
a
charged conductor is given a
charge K
=
in
Unit Vector
outward
Normal
direction
.
to the surface
+ Eo--G Partially filled
Completely filled
t C EoA
KEd
C
-
= =
over
-
-
+
#
.
K E
t
>
-
The electric potential inside the conductor and over its surface
-
t Metallic Conductor K = w
remains same
.
-
t
Electrostatic
*
C
shielding : St is the phenomenon of protecting Eo
-
Combination of Capacitors
They have no (or negligible number of) charge carriers· Series + C2 3 c
Q & V2 V
=
V= V =
V +
+
+ ,
↳ Polar molecule : A polar molecule is one in which the centre V V2+ Vz-
↓=
+ -
+ +
+
,
+ >
-
centers of B
positive and negative charges C
+
coincide .
A non-polar V
, -
183 s
,
V
↓ Dielectric Polarization =
Electric dipole moment ⑨
Volume
ie
&
c =
S1 unit >
-
for Earth + =
B =
6400km =
6
04 x 10 m -
+
& Some
energy is lost in this process in the form of Heat .
Which
+
i e C =
TluF
+
is given by U
-U2 = C, C (V -Ve)
,
2(C, + (2)
Capacitor : A condenser or a capacitor is a device that stores
↳
Energy stored in Capacitor
a ↳ Energy density
.It
electric
charge is consists of two conductors separated by =
E
UICV +DV t
U U E
=
= = =
U .
+.
-
opposite charges #B O
⑤
.
Vi +
~
V2
When a dielectric slab of dielectric constant K introduced
↳ NOTE : Charge on Capacitor is + -
t -
*
air d (remains
-
↳ E =
Eo unchanged
=
=
U (Energy (bes) 4 U
U(bes
↳ =
KU .
.
4es) E =
Eo =
.