What is a research design?

2. Qualitative – Aims to gain in depth

Research design
understanding or something
-Plan for answering a research question using
-Focuses on words and ideas
empirical data
-Inductive
-Conceptual structure on how you are going to
conduct your research
3. Mixed –Methods – Combination of
-This part of your research what the researcher
qualitative and quantitative
will decide on based on the following:
-Much longer because you are using two
1. What is Your overall aim and approach
approach
2. What type of design you will utilize
3. How you will select participants
Types of research Designs
4. How you will collect data
For Quantitative:
5. What procedures you will follow
1. Descriptive and correlation - Measures
6. What data analysis strategies you will use
variable and describe their relationship
-Research design must have: -Descriptive focuses on systematically
1. Clear statement of research problem measuring variable
2. Procedures and techniques to be used -Correlational focuses on testing whether the
4. Population being analyze variable are related to each other
5. Methods in processing and analyzing datum
2. Experimental – testing the Cause and effect
relationship. There is a variable that is varied

Why do we need research design? 3. Quasi experimental – You will compare it to

a pre-existing variable
-It will help the researcher to arrive with his/her
conclusion? For quantitative:
-You will save time 1. Case Studies – Choosing a subject and
-Reduce confusions. You know where to go and gathering detailed data on it
what to do.
2. Ethnographies – Gathering data about the
-Get rid of bias and errors
culture of a group or organization by immersing
-It will help you foresee what time, effort, and
yourself in the community
resources you will need
-Smooth and efficient sailing
-Maximizes results
How to create research design?
-Define your aims and choose an approach
Step 1: know your priorities and practicality
-There are a lot of possibilities and approaches,
1. Quantitative – Aims to make objective
you must know you capabilities and how you
measurement and test hypotheses
will maximize it to reach your goal
-Focuses on number and statistics
-Weigh in your resources
-Deductive
Step 2: Determine the type of data you need
-make sure that the data you must collect must
help you
-Is it in words or numbers?
(Qualitative/Quantitative)
-Will you collect it by yourself or you will use
available data? (Primary/Secondary)
-Will you take measurement as it is, or you will
perform and experiment?
(Descriptive/Experimental)

Step 3: Decide how you will collect data

-The type of method you will use depends on
the type of data you need.
-Experiment, Survey, interview/focus group,
observation, literature review, case study.
-Recent data must be chosen

Step 4: Decide how you will analyze the data

-How you will analyze data depends on the type
of your data and how you prepare to analyze it.

What makes a good research design?

-Flexible, Effective, Efficient, Appropriate,

Reliable, and economical
-Increase reliability and decrease biases
-Minimizes the error of the research