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Trigonometric Formulae

1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

7)

8)

9)

11)

12)

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13)

17)

18)

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' '
1) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 = 2) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 =
()*+( , *01 ,

' '
3) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = 4) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 =
*+( , ()* ,

' '
5) tan 𝜃 = 6) 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝜃 =
()5 , 571 ,

)88)*05+ *09+ :;8)5+1<*+

7) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 = 8) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 =
:;8)5+1<*+ )88)*05+ *09+

79=+*+15 *09+ :;8)5+1<*+

9) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = 10) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 =
:;8)5+1<*+ 79=+*+15 *09+

)88)*05+ *09+ 79=+(+15 *09+

11) tan 𝜃 = 12) cot 𝜃 =
79=+(+15 *09+ )88)*05+ *09+

Angle −𝜃 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋−𝜃 𝜋+𝜃 2𝜋 − 𝜃 2𝜋

−𝜃 +𝜃
2 2 +𝜃

Sin 𝜃 − sin 𝜃 cos 𝜃 cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃 − sin 𝜃 − sin 𝜃 sin 𝜃

Cos 𝜃 cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃 −sin 𝜃 −cos 𝜃 −cos 𝜃 cos 𝜃 cos 𝜃

tan 𝜃 −tan 𝜃 cot 𝜃 − cot 𝜃 −tan 𝜃 tan 𝜃 −tan 𝜃 tan 𝜃

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7 G (
Sine Formula: = = = 2𝑅
*01 F HIJ K HIJ L

GN O( N P7N
Cosine Formula: 1) cos A =
QG(

( N O7N PGN
2) cos B =
Q7(

7N OGN P( N
3) cos C =
Q7G

Projection Rule: If a b c are sides of triangle and A B C are angles

1) a = b cos C + c cos B

2) b = c cos A + a cos C

3) c = a cos B + b cos A

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Logarithm

1) If ax = N then log a N = x a≠1

2) log a a = 1 log 1= 0 log e = 1

𝑙𝑜𝑔 ∞ = ∞ 𝑙𝑜𝑔 0 = −∞

3) 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑚𝑛 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑚 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑛

Y
4) 𝑙𝑜𝑔 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑚 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑛
1

' Z)[ 7
5) log a b = 𝑙𝑜𝑔G 𝑎 =
Z)[\ 7 Z)[ G

71; 1<YG+^
6) 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑒 = 𝑎𝑛𝑦 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟

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Limits

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Derivatives

1) 2)

3) 4)

5) 6)

7) 8)

9)

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Derivative of Inverse Function

9 '
1) 𝑠𝑖𝑛P' 𝑥 =
9c 'Pc N

9 '
2) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 P' 𝑥 = −
9c 'Pc N

9 '
3) 𝑡𝑎𝑛P' 𝑥 =
9c 'Oc N

9 '
4) 𝑐𝑜𝑡 P' 𝑥 = −
9c 'Oc N

9 '
5) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 P' 𝑥 =
9c c c N P'

9 '
6) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 P' 𝑥 = −
9c c c N P'

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Integration

J hijk
1) ∫ x dx = + c (n≠1)
JO'

'
2) ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 + 𝑐
c

3) ∫ 𝑒 c 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 c

7m
4) ∫ 𝑎 c 𝑑𝑥 =
Z)[ 7

5) ∫ 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 − 𝑥

6) ∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥

7) ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥

8) ∫ 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = log sec 𝑥

9) ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = log sin 𝑥

10) ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 Q 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥

11) ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 Q 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − cot 𝑥

12) ∫ sec 𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = sec 𝑥

13) ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥

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14) ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥

15) ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 − cot 𝑥

' c
16) ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛P'
7 N Pc N 7

'
17) ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 + 𝑥 Q − 𝑎 Q
c N P7 N

'
18) ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 + 𝑥 Q + 𝑎 Q
c N O7 N

' ' 7Oc

19) ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔
7 N Pc N Q7 7Pc

' ' cP7

20) ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔
c N P7 N Q7 cO7

' ' c
21) ∫ N 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛P'
7N O c 7 7

c 7N c
22) ∫ 𝑎 Q − 𝑥 Q 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎Q − 𝑥 Q + 𝑠𝑖𝑛P'
Q Q 7

c 7N
23) ∫ 𝑥 Q − 𝑎 Q 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 Q − 𝑎Q − 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 + 𝑥 Q − 𝑎 Q
Q Q

c 7N
24) ∫ 𝑥 Q + 𝑎 Q 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 Q + 𝑎Q + 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 + 𝑥 Q + 𝑎 Q
Q Q

25) ∫ 𝑒 c 𝑓 𝑥 + 𝑓 r 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 c 𝑓 𝑥

st c
26) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑓 𝑥
s c

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st c
27) ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 2 𝑓 𝑥
s c

1 r [ s c ]wjk
28) ∫ 𝑓 𝑥 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 =
1O'

29) ∫ 𝑒 s c
𝑓 r 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 s c

7c + ym
30) ∫ 𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑏𝑥 ⋅ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑏 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑏𝑥
7N OGN

𝑒 7c 𝑏
= cos 𝑏𝑥 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛P'
𝑎Q + 𝑏Q 𝑎

+ ym
31) ∫ 𝑒 7c 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑏𝑥 ⋅ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑏𝑥 − 𝑏 cos 𝑏𝑥
7 N OG N

𝑒 7c 𝑏
= sin 𝑏𝑥 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛P'
𝑎Q + 𝑏Q 𝑎
9
32) ∫ 𝑢. 𝑣 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑢 𝑣 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ ∫ 𝑣 𝑑𝑥 ⋅ 𝑢 𝑑𝑥
9c

33) ∫ 𝑢𝑣 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑢𝑣' − 𝑢′𝑣Q + 𝑢"𝑣~ PPPPPPP

dashes = Derivatives and suffices = Integration

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Definite Integrals
G G
1) 7
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 7
𝑓 𝑡 𝑑𝑡

G 7
2) 7
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − G
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

7 7
3) 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = •
𝑓 𝑎 − 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
•

(
G G
4) 7
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + (
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 , 𝑎 < 𝑐 < 𝑏
7

Q7 7
5) •
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = •
[𝑓 𝑥 + 𝑓 2𝑎 − 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

7
7 2 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 if f x is even
6) P7
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = •
𝑂 if f x is odd

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