IGCSE PHYSICS

CHAPTER END TEST (5)

I. Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on your answer sheet.

1. A sealed gas cylinder is left outside on a hot, sunny day.

What happens to the average speed of the gas molecules and to the pressure of the gas in the
cylinder as the temperature of the gas rises?

2. An engineer wants to fix a steel washer on to a steel rod. The rod is just too big to fit into the hole
of the washer.

How can the engineer fit the washer on to the rod?

A Cool the washer and then place it over the rod.
B Cool the washer and rod to the same temperature and then push them together.
C Heat the rod and then place it in the hole in the washer.
D Heat the washer and then place it over the rod.

3. The diagram shows some ice being used to lower the temperature of some warm water.

What is the main process by which the water at the bottom of the glass becomes cool?
A condensation
B conduction
C convection
D radiation

4. Which line in the table shows the relative expansion of the three states of matter from the most
expansion to the least expansion?
 5. A student wishes to calculate the specific heat capacity of copper.
He has a block of copper and an electrical heater. He knows the power of the heater.
Which other apparatus does he need?

6. A mass of 0.20 kg of a substance is initially solid.

It is heated at a steady rate of 500 W.
The graph shows how the temperature of the substance changes with time.

What is the specific latent heat of fusion of the substance?

A 20 000 J / kg
B 30 000 J / kg
C 500 000 J / kg
D 750 000 J / kg
7. The diagram shows a vacuum flask used to keep liquid hot.

How does thermal energy pass through the vacuum?

A conduction only
B convection only
C radiation
D conduction and convection
8 During evaporation of a liquid, the more energetic molecules escape. The temperature of the
remaining liquid changes.
Which row identifies where these molecules escape from and describes the temperature change?

9. Diagram 1 shows apparatus being used to observe smoke particles.

Diagram 2 shows how a smoke particle moves randomly.

Why do the smoke particles move randomly?

A They are hit by air molecules.
B They are less dense than air.
C They are moved by convection currents.
D They gain energy from the light.

10. The distance between two electricity pylons is 60 m. An engineer fits a cable of length 62 m
between the pylons.
Why does the engineer choose a cable that is longer than the distance between the two pylons?
A to allow for contraction of the cable in cold weather
B to create a slope in the cable for electrons to flow down
C to keep the current low and the voltage high
D to reduce magnetic fields around the cable
11. An object of mass 800 g and specific heat capacity 250 J / (kg C) is heated. It absorbs 5300 J of
energy.
What is the increase in temperature of the object?
A 0.027 C B 17 C C 27 C D 17 000 C

12. One end of a copper bar is heated to a high temperature.

Which mechanism is responsible for the transfer of thermal energy to the other end of the copper
bar?
A the lattice vibrations of copper ions only
B the lattice vibrations of copper ions and the movement of high energy electrons along the bar
C the movement of high energy copper ions along the bar
D the movement of high energy electrons along the bar only

13. The air temperature in a cold room is 15 C.

A heater that contains water at 50 C is used to heat the room.
By which process is most of the thermal energy transferred throughout the air in the room?
A conduction
B convection
C evaporation
D radiation

14. An aluminium block has a mass of 200 g.

The specific heat capacity of aluminium is 900 J / (kg C).
How much energy is needed to raise the temperature of the block from 20 C to 110 C?
A 2.0 J B 200 J C 16 200 J D 16 200 000 J

15. Which statement about convection currents is correct?

A Convection currents occur because, when cooled, liquids contract and become more dense.
B Convection currents occur because, when warmed, liquids expand and become more dense.
C Convection currents only occur in liquids.
D Convection currents only occur in solids and liquids.

PAPER 4
1. A solar panel is mounted on the roof of a house. Fig. shows a section through part of the
solar panel.

A pump makes water flow through the copper pipes. The water is heated by passing through the
solar panel.
(a) Select and explain three features of the solar panel that maximise the final temperature of
the water.
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(b) During one day, 250 kg of water is pumped through the solar panel. The temperature of this
water rises from 16 °C to 38 °C.
The water absorbs 25 % of the energy incident on the solar panel. The specific heat capacity
of water is 4200 J / (kg °C).
Calculate the energy incident on the solar panel during that day.

energy = [4]

(c) The solar panel in Fig. 4.1 is designed to heat water.

A person is deciding whether to install solar panels on her house.
List and explain three pieces of information she needs to consider in order to make her
decision.
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[Total: 12]

2. (a) A 240 V, 60 W lamp is connected to a 240 V supply. The lamp has a constant temperature.
State
(i) the rate at which the lamp transfers energy to the surroundings,
rate = ...........................................................[1]
(ii) the names of the thermal processes by which the lamp transfers energy to the
surroundings.
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(b) Fig. shows a thick copper block that has been heated to 400 °C. One side of the block is
dull black. The other side of the block is polished and shiny.

(i) In Experiment 1, the thermometer bulbs are both painted black. They are placed at equal
distances from the surfaces of the block. The maximum temperature shown by each
thermometer is recorded.
Explain any difference between the maximum temperature shown by the two
thermometers.
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(ii) In Experiment 2, the thermometer bulbs are both shiny silver-coloured. They are placed
at the same distances from the surfaces of the block as in Experiment 1.
State and explain any differences that are observed in the maximum temperatures
shown by the thermometers in Experiments 1 and 2.
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(c) Fig. shows a firefighter wearing shiny silver-coloured clothing.

State the benefit to a firefighter of wearing shiny silver-coloured clothing.

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[Total: 8]