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    Half Adder: Definition

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    Ganesh Jalla
    A half adder is a basic digital circuit that performs addition on two single-bit binary numbers and outputs the sum and carry. It uses a XOR gate to calculate the sum and an AND gate to calculate the carry. Multiple half adders can be combined with an OR gate to create a full adder, which can add binary numbers with multiple bits including a carry bit from the previous addition.

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    Half Adder: Definition

    Uploaded by

    Ganesh Jalla
    18 views4 pages
    A half adder is a basic digital circuit that performs addition on two single-bit binary numbers and outputs the sum and carry. It uses a XOR gate to calculate the sum and an AND gate to calculate the carry. Multiple half adders can be combined with an OR gate to create a full adder, which can add binary numbers with multiple bits including a carry bit from the previous addition.

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    A half adder is a basic digital circuit that performs addition on two single-bit binary numbers and outputs the sum and carry. It uses a XOR gate to calculate the sum and an AND gate to calculate the carry. Multiple half adders can be combined with an OR gate to create a full adder, which can add binary numbers with multiple bits including a carry bit from the previous addition.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    18 views4 pages

    Half Adder: Definition

    Uploaded by

    Ganesh Jalla
    A half adder is a basic digital circuit that performs addition on two single-bit binary numbers and outputs the sum and carry. It uses a XOR gate to calculate the sum and an AND gate to calculate the carry. Multiple half adders can be combined with an OR gate to create a full adder, which can add binary numbers with multiple bits including a carry bit from the previous addition.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    HALF ADDER

    DEFINITION:

    The half adder is able to add two single binary digits and provide the output plus
    a carry value. It has two inputs, called A and B, and two outputs S (sum) and C
    (carry). The common representation uses a XOR logic gate and an AND logic
    gate.

    EXPLANATION:

    A half adder is used to add two single-digit binary numbers and results into a
    two-digit output. It is named as such because putting two half adders together
    with the use of an OR gate results in a full adder. In other words, it only does
    half the work of a full adder.

    The adder works by combining the operations of basic logic gates, with the
    simplest form using only a XOR and an AND gate. This can also be converted
    into a circuit that only has AND, OR and NOT gates. This is especially useful
    since these three simpler logic gate ICs (integrated circuits) are more common
    and available than the XOR IC, though this might result in a bigger circuit since
    three different chips are used instead of just one.
    ADVANTAGES:
     Simple design, the basic building block to understanding 1-bit
    addition
     Just with an inverter, it can be converted to the half subtractor.
    DISADVANTAGES:
     Half adders have no scope of adding the carry bit resulting from the
    addition of previous bits.
     The real-time scenarios involve adding the multiple numbers of bits
    which cannot be accomplished using half adder.
     It is not suitable for cascading for multi-bit additions.
     To get rid of this problem, a full adder is required which adds three
    1 bit.
     It does not incorporate the previous carry for addition.
    APPLICATIONS:

    The applications of this basic adder are as follows

     To perform additions on binary bits the Arithmetic and Logic Unit


    present in the computer prefers this adder circuit.
     The combination of half adder circuits leads to the formation of the Full
    Adder circuit.
     These logic circuits are preferred in the design of calculators.
     To calculate the addresses and tables these circuits are preferred.
     Instead of only addition, these circuits are capable of handling various
    applications in digital circuits. Further, this becomes

    RTL CODE:
    DATA FLOW REPRESENTATION
    module half_adder(s,c,a,b);
    output s,c;
    input a,b;
    assign s=a^b; // data flow expression for sum
    assign c=a&b; // data flow expression for carry
    endmodule
    STRUCTURAL REPRESENTATION:
    module half_adder(s,c,a,b);
    output s,c;
    input a,b;
    xor g1(s,a,b); //xor gate for sum
    and g1(c,a,b); // AND gate for carry
    endmodule
    BEHAVIORAL REPRESENTATION
    module half_adder(s,c,a,b);
    output s,c;
    input a,b;
    always @ (*)begin
    s=a^b; // xor operation for sum
    c=a&b; // and operation for carry
    end
    endmodule

    TEST BENCH
    module test_best;
    reg a,b;
    wire s,c;
    // instantating design module

    half_adder a1(s,c,a,b);
    initial
    begin
    $dumpfile("dump.vcd");
    $dumpvars(1);
    end
    initial
    begin
    a=0;b=0;
    end
    initial
    begin
    #10 a=1;b=0;
    #10 a=0;b=1;
    #10 a=1;b=1;
    end
    initial
    begin
    $monitor($time,"a=%b,b=%b,c=%b,s=%d",a,b,s,c);
    #60 $finish();
    end
    endmodule

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