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    Three Phase

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    milinda deshappriya
    This document provides an overview of three phase systems including: 1. It describes the characteristics of a balanced three phase system including equal magnitude/frequency between phases and 120 degree phase differences. 2. It explains phase and line voltages in three phase systems and how they relate. 3. It covers star and delta configurations and how loads can be converted between the configurations along with their voltage and current relationships. 3. Power calculations for three phase systems are presented including total three phase power formulas. 4. Exercises are provided to calculate values for various three phase circuit examples and determine capacitor sizing for power factor correction.

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    Three Phase

    Uploaded by

    milinda deshappriya
    27 views19 pages
    This document provides an overview of three phase systems including: 1. It describes the characteristics of a balanced three phase system including equal magnitude/frequency between phases and 120 degree phase differences. 2. It explains phase and line voltages in three phase systems and how they relate. 3. It covers star and delta configurations and how loads can be converted between the configurations along with their voltage and current relationships. 3. Power calculations for three phase systems are presented including total three phase power formulas. 4. Exercises are provided to calculate values for various three phase circuit examples and determine capacitor sizing for power factor correction.

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    Three phase

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    2. Three Phase

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    This document provides an overview of three phase systems including: 1. It describes the characteristics of a balanced three phase system including equal magnitude/frequency between phases and 120 degree phase differences. 2. It explains phase and line voltages in three phase systems and how they relate. 3. It covers star and delta configurations and how loads can be converted between the configurations along with their voltage and current relationships. 3. Power calculations for three phase systems are presented including total three phase power formulas. 4. Exercises are provided to calculate values for various three phase circuit examples and determine capacitor sizing for power factor correction.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    27 views19 pages

    Three Phase

    Uploaded by

    milinda deshappriya
    This document provides an overview of three phase systems including: 1. It describes the characteristics of a balanced three phase system including equal magnitude/frequency between phases and 120 degree phase differences. 2. It explains phase and line voltages in three phase systems and how they relate. 3. It covers star and delta configurations and how loads can be converted between the configurations along with their voltage and current relationships. 3. Power calculations for three phase systems are presented including total three phase power formulas. 4. Exercises are provided to calculate values for various three phase circuit examples and determine capacitor sizing for power factor correction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 19

    EE2301 : Applied Electricity

    Three Phase Theory


    Eng. D. Punsara Colambage
    B.Sc.Engineering(Hons), M.Sc., AMIE(SL)
    Visiting Lecturer

    Division of Electrical, Electronic and


    Telecommunication Engineering Technology,
    Institute of Technology,
    University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
    A balanced There Phase 2

    system

     P Phasor Diagram

     Equal Magnitude/ frequency


     Phase difference -120o
    Phase and Line Voltages 3

     Phase Voltage - Vp
     The voltage between any phase and the neutral
    (The phase-to-neutral voltage)
     Line Voltage - VL
     The voltage between any two lines
    (The line-to-line voltage)
     If, R- phase voltage VR = Vp< 0o ;
     VY = Vp< (- −2𝜋 )
    3

     VB = Vp<(- −4𝜋)
    3
    Star and Delta 4
    Configuration
     A balanced three phase supply can be
    connected either in star or delta
    Star and Delta 5

    Configuration Cont…
     A balanced star connected load can be
    converted to an equivalent delta and the other
    way round too.
     ZD = 3Zs
     In star connected supply : IL = Ip & VL = √3Vp
     In delta connected supply : IL =√3 ID
    Three Phase Power 6

     Total three phase power in a star/ delta


    connected load:
     P = √3 VLILcosɸ
     Q = √3 VLILsinɸ
     S = √3 VLIL
    Exercise 7

     A three phase, 12kW balanced load at a lagging


    power factor of 0.8 is supplied from a 3 phase,
    400V, 50Hz supply. Determine the line current in
    magnitude and phase relative to the supply
    voltage, the apparent power and the reactive
    power drawn

     A delta connected bank of capacitors are used


    to improve the power factor to 0.95 lag. What
    should be the value of the required capacitors.
    Exercise 8

     A three phase 400V, 50Hz, balanced supply feeds


    a balanced load consisting of,
     a) three equal single phase loads of (40+j30)Ω in
    star
     b) a three phase heating load (purely resistive) of
    1.8kW
     Determine the supply current, supply power
    factor, active and reactive power supplied and
    the value of the capacitances that must be
    connected in delta to improve the overall power
    factor to 0.95 lag.
    Exercise 9

    Cont…
     Obtain the result using
     i) one phase of the three phase system.
     Ii)the equivalent single phase circuit.
    Power factor Correction 10

     Why do we want to improve the power factor?


     When the power factor is low, and to transfer the
    same amount of active power we need a greater
    amount of current. That means a much greater
    amount of power losses in the system.
     (Power loss) α (Current)2
    Why do we use capacitors to correct the power
    factor?
    Most normal loads have an inductive component
    (ex- fan has a winding, fluorescent lamp has a
    choke etc.) We can compensate for the reactive
    power of an inductive reactance by reactive
    power of capacitive reactance.
    Unbalanced Three Phase 11

    Systems
     It may be caused by the supply being
    unbalanced, the load being unbalanced or both.
     The currents and voltages in one phase does not
    tell us the current or voltages in the other phases.
     Thus all phase quantities must be independently
    determined.
    Star Connected supply 12

    feeding a star connected


    load
    Delta Connected supply 13

    feeding a star connected


    load
    Delta Connected supply 14

    feeding a Delta
    connected Load
    Star Connected supply 15

    feeding a Delta
    connected Load
    Exercise 16

     The supply shown in figure Q4(a) is a balanced 3


    phase, 400V, 50 Hz source.
    If L1 = L2 = 100 mH, and R1 = R2 = R3 = 100 ,
    determine the voltage of the star point S.
     Hence determine the potential at A.
    Exercise 17

     A balanced 400 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz supply feeds


     (i) a 3-phase delta-connected balanced load
    consisting of arms of value (80+j60)  each and
     (ii) a three phase motor load of 3 kW at a power
    factor of 0.6 lag, Determine the line current,
    power factor and the active power at the supply.

    Determine also the rating of the delta connected
    capacitor bank required to improve
    the overall power factor to 0.95 lagging.
    Explanation 18

     What is the reason to improve the power factor to


    0.95…?
     The improvement of power factor means
    additional capacitance. We try to use only so
    much capacitance as would give us a financial
    benefit.
     In practical we can see when we come close to
    the unity power factor, the benefits rapidly
    decrease.
     Thus in industry it is usual to improve the power
    factor to a value slightly less than unity power
    factor.
    19

    Thank you

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