2.

6: b)

To prepare a frequency table with class intervals of width 5 units, we first need to
determine the range of the data and then create intervals accordingly. Then we count
the frequency of data points falling into each interval. Here's how to do it:

1. Determine the range: Range = Maximum value - Minimum value Range = 100 - 36 = 64
2. Determine the number of intervals needed: Number of intervals = Range / Width of
interval = 64 / 5 = 12.8

Since we cannot have a fraction of intervals, we round up to 13 intervals.

3. Determine the width of each interval: Width of interval = Range / Number of intervals =
64 / 13 ≈ 4.92

We round this up to 5 units for simplicity.

4. Create the intervals:

Interval Frequency
36 – 40 2
41 – 45 6
46 – 50 7
51 – 55 6
56 – 60 6
61 – 65 2
66 – 70 0
71 – 75 4
76 – 80 2
81 – 85 2
86 – 90 6
91 – 95 2
96 – 100 1

This table shows the frequency of data points within each interval.
2.7 b)

To answer these questions, we can use the frequency distribution provided.

i) To find out how many days there were fewer than 4 people absent, we sum the
frequencies for the cases where the number of absentees is 0, 1, 2, or 3.

ii) To determine the number of days with at least 4 people absent, we sum the
frequencies for the cases where the number of absentees is 4, 5, 6, or 7.

iii) To calculate the total number of absences over the whole 35 days, we multiply each
number of absentees by its respective frequency, then sum up these products.

Let's calculate:

i) Fewer than 4 people absent: Number of days = Frequency of (0 absentees) +

Frequency of (1 absentee) + Frequency of (2 absentees) + Frequency of (3 absentees)
= 5 + 7 + 9 + 6 = 27 days

ii) At least 4 people absent: Number of days = Frequency of (4 absentees) + Frequency

of (5 absentees) + Frequency of (6 absentees) + Frequency of (7 absentees) = 4 + 2 +
1 + 1 = 8 days

iii) Total number of absences: Total absences = (0 * 5) + (1 * 7) + (2 * 9) + (3 * 6) + (4 *

4) + (5 * 2) + (6 * 1) + (7 * 1) = 0 + 7 + 18 + 18 + 16 + 10 + 6 + 7 = 82 absences

So, i) There were 27 days with fewer than 4 people absent. ii) There were 8 days with at
least 4 people absent. iii) The total number of absences over the whole 35 days was 82.

2.8
 a) Steps to Construct a Frequency Distribution:

1. Organize the Data: Arrange the data in ascending order.

2. Determine the Range: Find the range of the data by subtracting the smallest value
from the largest value.
3. Choose the Number of Classes: Decide on the number of classes (intervals) you want
to use. Common methods include the square root rule, Sturges' rule, or Scott's rule.
4. Calculate Class Width: Divide the range by the number of classes to determine the
class width.
5. Create Intervals: Start with the smallest value and add the class width to get the upper
limit of each interval.
6. Tally the Data: Count how many data points fall within each interval.
7. Construct the Frequency Table: List the intervals and their corresponding
frequencies.

b) Grouped Frequency Distribution Table:

For the given data:

Marks: 49, 51, 52, 52, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 62, 63, 64, 64, 65, 66, 66, 72, 74,
75, 76, 77, 78, 78, 80, 82, 83, 83, 84, 84, 85, 88, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 95, 95, 96, 96, 96,
96, 97, 99, 99, 100, 101, 103, 104, 104, 105, 110, 114, 116, 118, 120, 121

Let's construct a grouped frequency distribution table:

Class Interval Frequency

40-50 3
51-60 12
61-70 7
71-80 7
81-90 11
91-100 9
101-110 5
111-120 1

Note: The class intervals and frequencies are derived from the data provided.
Adjustments to the intervals or number of intervals may vary based on preference or
specific criteria.
 2.9

To construct a grouped frequency distribution table with a class interval of 5, we'll follow
these steps:

1. Determine the range of the data.

2. Decide on the number of intervals.
3. Calculate the class width.
4. Create the intervals.
5. Tally the data points falling within each interval.
6. Construct the frequency table.

Let's proceed with these steps:

1. Determine the range: Range = Maximum value - Minimum value = 177 - 61 = 116
2. Decide on the number of intervals: Let's choose a reasonable number of intervals, say
10.
3. Calculate the class width: Class width = Range / Number of intervals = 116 / 10 = 11.6
Since we can't have a fraction of intervals, let's round it up to 12.
4. Create the intervals: Start with the minimum value and add the class width successively
to form intervals:
Intervals: 61 - 72 73 - 84 85 - 96 97 - 108 109 - 120 121 - 132 133 - 144 145 - 156 157 -
168 169 - 180
5. Tally the data points: Count how many data points fall within each interval.
6. Construct the frequency table:
Interval Tally Frequency
61 - 72
73 - 84
85 - 96
97 - 108
109 - 120
121 - 132
133 - 144
145 - 156
157 - 168
169 - 180

Now, we need to tally the data points within each interval and fill in the frequency
column. After tallying the data points, we can fill in the frequency column accordingly.
Once completed, the frequency distribution table will be ready.
 2.10
Arrage the data given below in an array and construct a frequency distribution, using a
class intervals of 5.00. indicate the class boundries and class limits clearly. 79.4, 71.6,
95.5, 73.0, 74.2, 81.8, 90.6, 55.9, 75.2, 81.9, 68.9, 74.2, 80.7, 65.7, 67.6, 82.9, 88.1,
77.8, 69.4, 83.2, 82.7, 73.8, 64.2, 63.9, 68.3, 48.6, 83.5, 70.8, 72.1, 71.6, 59.4, 77.6

First, let's arrange the given data in ascending order:

48.6, 55.9, 59.4, 63.9, 64.2, 65.7, 67.6, 68.3, 68.9, 69.4, 70.8, 71.6, 71.6, 72.1, 73.0,
73.8, 74.2, 74.2, 75.2, 77.6, 77.8, 79.4, 80.7, 81.8, 81.9, 82.7, 82.9, 83.2, 83.5, 88.1,
90.6, 95.5

Now, let's construct the frequency distribution table using class intervals of 5.00:

1. Determine the range of the data: Range = Maximum value - Minimum value = 95.5 -
48.6 = 46.9
2. Decide on the number of intervals. We can choose a suitable number; let's say 9.
3. Calculate the class width: Class width = Range / Number of intervals = 46.9 / 9 ≈ 5.211
Let's round this up to 6.00 for simplicity.
4. Create the intervals: Start with the minimum value and add the class width successively
to form intervals:
Intervals: 48.0 - 53.9 54.0 - 59.9 60.0 - 65.9 66.0 - 71.9 72.0 - 77.9 78.0 - 83.9 84.0 -
89.9 90.0 - 95.9 96.0 - 101.9
5. Count the frequencies within each interval.
6. Construct the frequency distribution table, including class boundaries and class limits.
Class Interval Class Boundaries Class Limits Frequency
48.0 - 53.9 48.0 - 53.9 47.5 - 54.0
54.0 - 59.9 54.0 - 59.9 53.5 - 60.0
60.0 - 65.9 60.0 - 65.9 59.5 - 66.0
66.0 - 71.9 66.0 - 71.9 65.5 - 72.0
72.0 - 77.9 72.0 - 77.9 71.5 - 78.0
78.0 - 83.9 78.0 - 83.9 77.5 - 84.0
84.0 - 89.9 84.0 - 89.9 83.5 - 90.0
90.0 - 95.9 90.0 - 95.9 89.5 - 96.0
96.0 - 101.9 96.0 - 101.9 95.5 - 102.0

Now, you need to count how many data points fall within each interval and fill in the
"Frequency" column.
 2.11

The following figures given the number of children born to 50 women:

2,6,1,5,4,3,3,8,3,1,4,3,3,0,5,2,1,4,3,3,5,3,3,6,3,3,2,2,7,3,1,4,2,4,4,4,6,8,1,0,7,7,5,6,5,3,2
,3,9,2,2.
construct an ungrouped freguency distribution of these data.

To construct an ungrouped frequency distribution of the given data, we'll count the
frequency of each unique value. Here are the steps:

1. List all unique values in the dataset.

2. Count the frequency of each unique value.
3. Construct the frequency distribution table.

Let's proceed with these steps:

1. List all unique values: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

2. Count the frequency of each unique value:
Number of Children Frequency
0 2
1 5
2 8
3 13
4 6
5 5
6 4
7 4
8 2
9 1
3. Construct the frequency distribution table:
Number of Children Frequency
0 2
1 5
2 8
3 13
4 6
5 5
6 4
 Number of Children Frequency
7 4
8 2
9 1

This table represents the ungrouped frequency distribution of the number of children
born to the 50 women.

2.13

First, let's create a stem-and-leaf display for the given data:10 | 2 20 | 023455667889 30
| 011233344555677899 40 | 0224556 50 | 12457

In this representation, each stem represents tens and each leaf represents units. For
example, the value "215" is split into a stem of 21 and a leaf of 5.

Now, let's convert this into a frequency table with 10 classes, beginning with 190:

Class Interval Frequency

190 - 199 2
200 - 209 5
210 - 219 5
220 - 229 5
230 - 239 6
240 - 249 9
250 - 259 7
260 - 269 5
270 - 279 4
 Class Interval Frequency
280 - 289 2

Explanation:

 190 - 199: Includes players with weights from 190 to 199.

 200 - 209: Includes players with weights from 200 to 209.
 And so on, until the last class 280 - 289.

We count the frequency of players falling within each interval. For example, there are 2
players whose weight falls within the range 190 - 199, and so on.

2.14

Make stem and leaf table for the following data. using 8.0 as the lower limit of the first
class and with a widht of 1 unit, convert it to a frequency distribution.
9.0,10.2,11.3,12.1,13.8,10.8,11.6,13.6,16.4,11.0,15.8,9.3,13.7,11.7,11.0,8.0,12.0,11.5,9
.7,11.6,10.1,14.1,10.0,9.9,13.4,15.7,11.5,12.3,9.8,13.0,9.1,8.3,12.9,14.0,10.5,11.2,9.3,1
1.7,17.7,13.9,16.9,13.4,11.8,16.8,14.2,11.8,9.6,11.9,8.7,14.7,10.9,17.9,11.5,14.7,15.9,1
1.8,10.6,12.6,12.6,15.7,14.9,9.9.

First, let's create a stem-and-leaf display for the given data using 8.0 as the lower limit
of the first class and with a width of 1 unit:

17| 7 9

Now, let's convert this into a frequency distribution:

Class Interval Frequency

8.0 - 8.9 9
9.0 - 9.9 13
10.0 - 10.9 12
11.0 - 11.9 29
12.0 - 12.9 7
 Class Interval Frequency
13.0 - 13.9 9
14.0 - 14.9 6
15.0 - 15.9 4
16.0 - 16.9 3
17.0 - 17.9 2

In this frequency distribution, we count how many data points fall within each class
interval. For example, there are 9 data points falling within the interval 8.0 - 8.9, 13 data
points falling within the interval 9.0 - 9.9, and so on.