CHAPTER-1

ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS

SECTION A
(1 MARK QUESTION)
Q1. In an experiment three microscopic latex spheres are sprayed into a chamber and became
charged with charges +3e, +5e and -3e respectively. All the spheres came in contact
simultaneously for a moment and got separated. Which one of the following possible values
for the final charge on spheres?
(a) +5e, -4e, +5e (b) +6e, +6e, -7e (c) -4e, +3.5e, +5.5e (d) +5e, -8e, +7e
Q2. An object has charge of 1 C and gains 5.0 x 10 18 electrons. The net charge on the object
becomes
(a) -0.80 C (b) +0.80 C (c) +1.80 C (d) +0.20 C
Q3. Two equal balls having equal positive charge ‘q’ coulombs are suspended by two insulating
strings of equal length. What would be the effect on the force when a plastic sheet is inserted
between the two? (CBSE 2014)
Q4. Sketch the electric field line for +q and –q. [CBSE 2015]
Q5. Why do the electric field lines never cross each other? [CBSE AI 2014]
Q6. Why do the electrostatic field lines not form closed loops? [CBSE 2012,2014]
Q7. Draw the electric field lines of a point charge Q where (i) Q>0 (ii) Q<0 [CBSE
2007]
Q8. A proton is placed in a uniform electric field directed along the positive x-axis. In which
direction will it tend to move? [CBSE 2011]

Assertion & Reason

Direction: ( FOR ALL THE ASSERTION & REASON QUESTIONS)

Two statements are given. One labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled reasoning. Select the
correct answers to their questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) are given below.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.

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 (d) A is false but R is also false.
Q9. Assertion: A point charge is brought in an electric field, then electric field at a nearby point
may increase or decrease.
Reason: The electric field is dependent on the nature of charge
Q10. Assertion: Electronic lines of force cross each other.
Reason: Electric field at a point does not superimpose to give one resultant electric field.
Q11. Assertion: A way from a charge filed lines gets weaker and density of field lines is less
resulting in well separated lines.
Reason: Only a finite number of lines can be drawn from a charge.
Case Based MCQs
Direction: Answer the questions from Q12 to Q14 on the following case.

An electric field lines in general is a curve drawn in such way that the
tangent to it at each point is in the direction of the electric field at that
point. A field lines is a space curve, i.e. a curve in three dimensions.
Electric field lines are then used to pictorially map the electric field
around a charge or a configuration of charges:
The density of field lines in more near the charge. Away from the charge, the field is weak, so the
density of field lines is less.
Q12. Direction of electric field on field lines is determined by
(a) Field lines moving from –ve to +ve charge.
(b) At the point of intersection of field lines.
(c) By the tangent at that point on the field lines.
(d) None of above.
Q13. The electric field lines of negatively charged particles are
(a) Radial and outwards. (c) Radial and inwards.
(b) Circular and anti-clockwise. (d)Circular and clockwise.
Q14. The spacing between two electric field lines indicate it
(a) Charge (b) Position (c) Strength (d) None of the above

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 Assertions & Reasons
Q15. The dimensional formula of electric flux is
(a) [M1L2T-2A-1] (b) [M-1L3T-3A1] (c) [M1L3T-3A-1] (d) [M1L-3T-3A-1]
Q16. What is the SI unit of electric flux
𝑁 𝑁 𝑁2
(a) x m2 (b) N x m2 (c) 2 x C (d) x C2
𝐶 𝑚 𝑚2

⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗
Q17. If ∮𝑠 𝐸. 𝑑𝑆 = 0 inside a surface, that means:
(a) There is no net charge present inside the surface
(b) Uniform electric field inside the surface
(c) Discontinuous field lines inside the surface
(d) Charge present inside the surface
Q18. Four charges +8Q -3Q +5Q and -10Q are kept inside a closed surface. What will be the
outgoing flux through the surface
(a) 26 V-m (b) 0 V-m (c) 10 V-m (d) 8 V-m
Q19. Electric flux over an area in an electric field represents the ……….. crossing this area.
Q20. A charge Q is enclosed by a Gaussian spherical surface of radius R. If the radius is
doubled, then the ………. will remain the same.
𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
Q21. If ∮𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝑑𝑆 =0 over a surface, then
(a) the electric field inside the surface and on it is zero
(b) the electric field inside the surface is necessarily uniform
(c) the number of flux lines entering the surface must be equal to the number of flux lines
leaving it
(d) all charges must necessarily be outside the surface
Q22. The electric flux through the surface

(a) In fig (iv) is the largest

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 (b) fig (iii) is the least
(c) fig (ii) is same as fig (iii) but is smaller than fig (iv)
(d) is the same for all the figures
Q23. Assertion- Electric flux is a vector quantity.
Reason- Electric flux is expressed as vector product of electric field vector and area
vector.
Q24. Assertion- Electric flux through closed spherical surface enclosing an electric dipole is
zero.
Reason- Net charge enclosed inside a spherical surface when a dipole is inside it is zero.
Q25. Assertion- Gaussian surface is purely imaginary surface.
Reason- Electric field at every point on a Gaussian surface is same.
Q26. Assertion- Gaussian surface can be drawn outside the body or within the body.
Reason- It is purely imaginary surface.
Q27. Assertion- Electric field at a point inside spherical shell with a charge uniformly spread
on its outer surface is zero.
Reason- There is no charge enclosed within the closed shell.
Q28. Assertion- Electric field at any point away from linear charge distribution decreases
with distance.
Reason- Electric field at any point away from linear charge distribution is expressed as
𝜆
E= .
2п𝜖𝑜 r

Two-mark questions
Q29. State the superposition principle for electrostatic force on a charge due to number of charges.
Q30. A force F is acting between two point charges q1 and q2. If a third charge q3 is placed quite

close to q2, what happens to the force between q1 and q2? (2011)
Q31. i) The electric field E due to a point charge at any point near it is defined as E=𝑙𝑖𝑚 E/q,
𝑞→0

where q is the test charge and F is the force acting on it. What is the physical significance of
𝑙𝑖𝑚 in this expression?
𝑞→0

(ii) Draw electric field lines of a point charge Q when a. Q>0 b. Q<0 [CBSE 2007]

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Q32. A small metal sphere carrying a charge +Q is located at
the center of a spherical cavity is a large uncharged
metallic spherical shell. Write the charges on the inner
and outer surfaces of the shell. Write the expression for
the electric field at the point P1. [CBSE 2014]
Q33. Two point charges q1 and q2 are located at point (a,0,0) and (0, b,0) respect. Find the electric
field due to both these charges at the point (0,0, e). [CBSE 2013]
Q34. What is Gaussian surface? What is its use?
Q35. S1 and S2 are two hollow concentric spheres (S2 outer sphere and S1 inner sphere) enclosing
charges 9Q and 3Q respectively. What is the ratio of electric flux through S 1 and S2? What
would be electric flux through S1, if air inside S1 is replaced by a medium of dielectric
constant 3?
Q36. A hollow cube of side 5cm encloses a charge of 6C at its centre. What is the net flux through
one of the square face of cube? How would flux through square face change if 6C charge is
placed as 4C and 2C inside the cube at two different points?
Three-mark questions
Q37. A particle of charge 2µC and mass 1.6g is moving with a velocity 4î ms -1. At t = 0 the particles
enters in a region having an electric field E (in N C -1) = 80î + 60ĵ. Find the velocity of
particle at t = 5s. ( CBSE2020)
Q38. A particle of mass 10-3 kg and charge 5C enters into a uniform electric field of 2 x 10 5 N/C,
moving with a velocity of 20 m/s in a direction opposite to that of the field. Calculate the
distance it would travel before coming to rest. [CBSE 2012]
Q39. State and prove Gauss Theorem.
Q40. Using Gauss theorem obtain an expression for electric field intensity at a point due to
infinitely long line charge distribution. Sketch graphically variation of E with distance r.
Q41. Using Gauss theorem obtain an expression for electric field intensity at a point due to thin
infinite sheet.
Four-mark questions
Q42. Read the following passage and answer questions below it.
A spherical dome in an expo consists of magical fan fixed inside it. The blades of
fan have a total charge of 6 C deposited on it. The dome is also surrounded by four such

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 identical fans fixed outside it, each carrying a charge of 6 C on its blade. When a fan
inside the dome is switched ON, the charge deposited on the blades of a fan flies off
but remains inside the dome. However, when the fans outside the dome are switched
ON charge deposited on the blades remain confined to blades. The dome is covered
by electrosensitive glittering sheet whose glittering intensity varies directly as the electric
flux falling upon its surface varies.
1. What is the net electric flux through the closed surface of dome, when all the fans are
switched OFF?
a) 6C/ ϵ o b) 1 C/ ϵ o c) 30C/ ϵ o d) 1 C/12 ϵ o
2. What is the net electric flux through the closed surface of dome, when all the fans are
switched ON?
a) 30C/ ϵ o b) 1 C/ ϵ o c) 6C/ ϵ o d) 1 C/12 ϵ o
3. Which of the following observations is correct for glittering intensity of electrosensitive
sheet covering the dome?
a) Glittering intensity is zero when fan inside the dome is switched OFF
b) Glittering intensity is maximum when fan inside the dome is switched ON
c) Glittering intensity is always constant whether the fan inside is switched ON or OFF
d) Glittering intensity varies as outside fans are switched ON
4. Name the principle which explains the observation of glittering intensity of electrosensitive
sheet.
a) Coulomb’s law in electrostatics b) Gauss theorem in electrostatics
c) Superposition principle of charge d) None of the above
Five-mark questions
Q43. Two point charges of +1 µC and +4 µC are kept 30 cm apart. How far from the +1µC charge
on the line joining the two charges will the net electric field be zero? (2020)
Q44. (a) Define electric field intensity. Write its SI unit.
(b) Two point charges 4 𝜇c & 1 𝜇c are separated by a distance of 2m in air. Find the point
on the line joining the charges at which the net electric field of the system is zero.
Q45. Obtain the expression for electric field intensity due to a
(a) Point charge and
(b) due to system of charge Plot the graph for the variation for E and r.

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 SECTION A-ANSWER KEY
(1-MARK QUESTION)
1. (b)
2. (d) Q= ne
Q= 5 x 1018 x 1.6 x 10-15 = 0.8 C
So net charge = q + Q = 1 – 0.8 = 0.2C
3. F’ = F/K Where K= dielectric constant
Hence force is reduced when plastic sheet is inserted
4.

5. If electric field lines cross each other, then at the point of

intersection at P, there will be two tangents which is
impossible.
6. Since electric field lines emergent from positive charge and terminate at negative charge. If
there is a single charge, then emerging field lines terminate at infinity. Therefore, they never
form closed loop.
7. (i) Q>0 (ii) Q<0

8. The proton will move in the direction of electric field as it is positively charged. i.e. towards
the positive x-axis.
9. (a) 10. (d) 11. (c) 12. (c) 13. (b) 14. (c)
15. (c) [M1 L3 T-3A-1]
𝑁
16. (a) x m2
𝐶

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17. a) There is no net charge present inside the surface.
18. (b) 0 V-m
19.. Total number of electric field lines.
20. Electric Flux.
21. (c) the number of flux lines entering the surface must be equal to the number of flux lines
leaving it
22. (d) is the same for all the figures
23. D) 24. A) 25. B) 26. A) 27. A) 28. A)
Answer for Two-mark questions
29. The principle of superposition states that the total force on a given charge is the vector sum of
the individual forces exerted on it by all other charges, the force between two charges being
exerted in such a manner as if all other charges were absent
F = F12 + F13 + ……+ F1N
30. The force between q1 and q2 remains equal to F.
31. (i) 𝑙𝑖𝑚 tells is that test charge is so small that it does not charge (affect) the source
𝑞→0

charge.
(ii)

32. Inner surface charge = -Q Outer surface charge = +Q

E=Q/4π𝛆0 𝑟12

33.. ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
Enet = ⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗2
E1 + 𝐸
= K ( q1/r13 ⃗⃗⃗
r1 + ( q2/r23 ⃗⃗⃗
r2 )
Where r1 = −𝑎𝑙̂ + 𝑐𝑘̂ 𝑟2 = - 𝑏𝐽̂ + 𝑐𝑘̂
⃗⃗⃗
𝐸⃗ 𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 1/4πE0 [q1 (−𝑎𝑙̂ + 𝑐𝑘̂ )/(a2 + c2)3/2 + q2 (- 𝐽̂ + 𝑐𝑘̂)/ (b2 + c2)3/2
34. A Gaussian surface is an imaginary surface at every point of which electric field is same.

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 𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
By conveniently choosing the Gaussian surface one can evaluate ∮𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝑑𝑆 over it and find
out expression for electric field intensity.
35. Electric flux through S1, Φ1=9Q/ϵo
Electric flux through S2, Φ2= 9Q/ ϵo +3Q/ϵo = 12Q/ϵo ∴ Φ1/ Φ2=3/4
When air inside S1 is replaced by a medium of ϵr=3
Then electric flux through S1= Φ1= 9Q/ϵ= 9Q/ϵo ϵr = 9Q/3 ϵo =3Q/ϵo.

36. Electric flux through cube, ΦE= q/ϵo= 6C/ ϵo

Electric flux through square face, =1/6 x ΦE= 1/6 x 6C/ ϵo =1/ ϵo
Flux through a square face remains same even if 6C charge is distributed ass 4 C and 2 C at
two different points since total charge inside the cube remains unchanged.

Answer to Three-mark questions

37. F = ma or qE= ma
a= qE/m = 2 x 10-6 x ( 80î + 60ĵ) / 1.6 x 10-3
= (100x 10-3) î + (75 x 10-3) ĵ
V = u + at
= 4 î +((100x 10-3) î + (75 x 10-3) ĵ)x5
= 4.5î +0.375 ĵ
38. Acceleration, a=qE/m = 5 X 10−6 𝑋 2 𝑋 10−5 / 10−3 = 103 m/𝑠 2
Now 𝑣 2 = 𝑢2 − 2𝑎𝑠
0 = (20)2 -2 X 1000 X S
Therefore, S =400/2000 =1/5 =0.2m
39. Let +q be the point charge located at point O. Consider
spherically symmetric Gaussian surface around it as shown.
Let P be the point on its surrounding elemental area dS and
𝑟 as the position vector of point P. Electric field 𝐸⃗ due to
point charge +q and ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝑆 are in the same direction as shown.
Then the total electric flux through closed surface S is
𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
ΦE Total=∮𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝑑𝑆

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 =∮𝑠𝐸 𝑑𝑆 cos 𝜃 = ∮𝑠𝐸 𝑑𝑆 cos 0o

ΦE Total=E ∮𝑆 𝑑𝑆= q/4пϵor2 ∮ 𝑑𝑆 ( ∵ E= q/4пϵor2)

=q/4пϵor2 x (4пr2)

ΦE Total= q/ϵo

40. Electric field due to infinitely long uniformly charged

straight wire
Consider uniformly charged infinitely long straight wire. In
order to find electric field intensity at point ‘P’ distance ‘r’
from the wire we consider cylindrical Gaussian surface
with portion of length‘l’ of charged wire as axis. r

Applying Gauss Theorem to this situation,

𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
∮𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝑑𝑆= q/ϵo---------(1)

𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
but ∮𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝑆= ∮𝐼 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝑆+ ∮𝐼𝐼 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝑑𝑆+ ∮𝐼𝐼𝐼 ⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐸. 𝑑𝑆

𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
but ∮𝐼 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝑆= ∮𝐼𝐼𝐼 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝑑𝑆=0 (∵ 𝐸⃗ ⊥ ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝑆)

𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
∴∮𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝑆= ∮𝐼𝐼 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝑑𝑆= ∮𝐼𝐼 𝐸 𝑑𝑆 cos 0o

= E ∮𝐼𝐼 𝑑𝑆= E 2пrl ---------(2)

From (1) &(2), we get

E 2пrl = q/ϵo
E= q/2пϵorl= λ/2пϵor (∵ λ= q/l is linear charge density)
E= λ/2пϵor= 2λ/4пϵor

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41. Electric field intensity due to uniformly charged
thin infinite plane sheet.
Consider uniformly charged infinitely long thin plane
sheet as shown in diagram. Let ‘σ’ be the surface
charge density. In order to find out electric field
intensity at point ‘P’ due plane charged sheet we
consider circular elemental area ‘A’ of the sheet
carrying total charge q. Considering cylindrical
Gaussian surface enclosing the given charged area A
and applying Gauss Theorem to situation

𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
∮𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝑆= ∮𝐼 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝑆+ ∮𝐼𝐼 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝑑𝑆+ ∮𝐼𝐼𝐼 ⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐸. 𝑑𝑆

𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
but ∮𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝑆= ∮𝐼 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝑆+ ∮𝐼𝐼𝐼 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝑑𝑆 𝐸. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
(∵ ∮𝐼𝐼 ⃗⃗⃗ 𝑑𝑆 = 0)

= E ∮𝐼 𝑑𝑆+ E ∮𝐼𝐼𝐼 𝑑𝑆

=E(A)+E(A)=2EA

but ∮𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗ = q/ϵo= σ A/ϵo

𝐸. 𝑑𝑆

∴2EA= σ A/ϵo
E= σ/2ϵo

Answer for Four-mark questions

42. 1 a) 6C/ ϵ o 2 c) 6C/ ϵ o
3 c) Glittering intensity is always constant whether the fan inside is switched ON or OFF
4 d) Gauss theorem in electrostatics
Answer to Five-mark questions
43. Let at point P, the net electric field is
zero, then
1/ x2 = 4/ (30-x)2
After solving x = 10cm
44. a. Electric field Intensity – It is defined as the force per unit charge.
𝐸⃗ = F/q , SI unit of 𝐸⃗ = N/C or volt per meter V/m
b. Let the required point is at a distance x from 2𝜇c charge

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 k 4 𝜇c / 𝑥 2 = k 1 𝜇c /(2 − 𝑥)2 = 4/𝑥 2 = 1/(4+𝑥 2 − 2𝑥)
= (2/𝑥)2 = (1/2 − 𝑥)2 = 2/x = +- 1/(2-x)
x=4/3m or 4m
x= 4 does not satisfy therefore, x=4/3m
45. Expression for intensity of electric field due to a point charge
According to coulomb’s law,
F= 1/4π𝛆0 (𝑞0 𝑞/𝑟 2 )
E= F/𝑞0 =1/4π𝛆0 (𝑞0 𝑞/𝑞0 𝑟 2 )
E= 1/4π𝛆0 (𝑞/𝑟 2 ) N/C
E=9.0 X 109 𝑞/𝑟 2

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 SECTION B
( 1 MARK QUESTION)

Q1. Draw a pattern of electric field lines due to two positive charges placed a distance d apart?
(2019) (given in NCERT book)
Q2. Why do the electrostatic field lines not form closed loop? (2012) (given in NCERT book)

Assertions and Reasons

Directions
In the following questions (3-8), a statement of Assertion (A) is followed be a statement of Reason
(R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reasons are false.
Q3. Assertion: A negative charge in an electric field moves along the direction of the electric
field.
Reason: On a negative charge a force acts in the direction of electric field.
Q4. Assertion: Acceleration of a charged particle in non-uniform electric field does not depend
on velocity of charged particle.
Reason: Charge is an invariant quantity. That is the amount of charge on particle does not
depend on frame of reference.
Q5. Assertion: Net electric field inside a conductor is zero.
Reason: Total positive charge equals to the total negative charge in a charged conductor.
Q6. Assertion: All the charge in a conductor gets distributed on whole of its outer surface.
Reason: In dynamic system charges try to keep their potential energy minimum.
Q7. Assertion: The tires of aircrafts are made slightly conducting.
Reason: If a conductor is connected to the ground, the extra charge induced on the conductor
will flow to the ground.
Q8. Assertion: The Coulomb force is the dominating force in the universe.

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 Reason: The Coulomb force is weaker than the gravitational force.
Q9. Draw the pattern of electric field lines when a point charge +Q is kept near an uncharged
conducting plate. [CBSE 2019]
Q10. Two point charges q1 and q2 are placed at a distance d apart as
shown in the fig. The electric filed intensity is zero at the point
P on the line joining them as shown. Write two conclusions
that you draw from this.
Q11. A few electric field lines for a system of two charges Q1 and
Q2 are fixed at two different points on the x-axis are shown in
the fig. What is the nature of charges? [IIT JEE 2010]
MCQ Types Question
Q12. Consider a uniform spherical distribution of Radius R1 centered at the origin O. In this
distribution, a spherical cavity of Radius R2 centered at P with distance OP=a=R1-R2 is
made. If the electric field inside the cavity at position 𝑟 is E(𝑟), then the correct
statement is
(a) 𝐸⃗ is uniform, its magnitude is independent of R2, but its direction
depends on 𝑟
(b)𝐸⃗ is uniform, its magnitude depends of R2, but its direction
depends on 𝑟
(c)𝐸⃗ is uniform, its magnitude is independent of a, but its direction depends on a
(d)𝐸⃗ is uniform and both its magnitude and direction depends on 𝑎 [JEE Advanced 2015]
Q13. The surface densities on the surfaces of two charged spherical conductors of radii R1
and R2 are equal. The ratio of electric field intensity on the surface is
(𝑎) 𝑅12 /𝑅22 (b) 𝑅22 /𝑅12 (c) R1/R2 (d) 1:1
Assertion/Reasoning Type MCQ
Q14.Assertion: Electric lines of force never cross each other.
Reason : Electric field at a point superimpose to give one resultant electric field.
Q15. Assertion : Electric lines of field cross each other.
Reason : Electric field at a point superimpose to give one resultant electric field.
Q16. Assertion : The electric lines of forces diverges from a positive charge and converge at

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 a negative charge.
Reason : A charged particle free to move in an electric field always move along an
electric line of force.
Q17. Assertion : A negative charge in an field moves along the direction of electric field.
Reason : On a negative charge a force acts in the direction of electric field.
Q18. Assertion : In a non-uniform electric field a dipole will have translator as well as rotatory
motion
Reason : In a non-uniform electric field a dipole experience a force as well as torque.

Case Study base type question

Electric field strength is proportional to the density of
lines of force i.e., electric field strength at a point is
proportional to the number of lines of force cutting a
unit area element placed normal to the field at that
point. As illustrated in given figure, the electric field
at P is stronger than at Q.

Q19. Electric field lines are curved

(a) in the field of a single positive or negative charge
(b) in the field of two equal and opposite charges.
(c) in the field of two like charges.
(d) both (b) and (c)
Q20. Electric lines of force about a positive point charge are
(a) radially outwards (b) circular clockwise
(c) radially inwards (d) parallel straight lines
Q21. Which of the following is false for electric lines of force?
(a) They always start from positive charge and terminate on negative charges.
(b) They are always perpendicular to the surface of a charged conductor.
(c) They always form closed loops.
(d) They are parallel and equally spaced in a region of uniform electric field.
Q22. Which one of the following patterns of electric line of force is not possible in field due

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 15 of 484

 to stationary charges?

Q23. The figure below shows the electric field lines due to two positive charges. The magnitudes
EA, EB and EC of the electric fields at point A, B and C
respectively are related as

(a)EA>EB>EC (b) EB>EA>EC

(c) EA=EB>EC (d) EA>EB=EC

Q24. A closed surface in vacuum encloses charges -q and +3q. Another charge -2q lies outside
the surface. Total electric flux over the surface is
(a) Zero (b) 2q/ϵo (c) -3q/ϵo (d) 4q/ϵo
Q25. The number of electric lines of force radiating from a closed surface in vacuum is1.13 x 1011.
The charge enclosed by the surface is
(a)1 C (b) 1 μC (c) 0.1 C (d) 0.1 μC
Q26. The value of electric field inside a conducting sphere of radius R and charge Q will be:
𝐾𝑄 𝐾𝑄 𝐾𝑄2
(a) (b) (c) Zero (d)
𝑅2 𝑅 𝑅2

Q27. Charge Q is kept in a sphere of 5 cm radius first, then it is kept in a cube of side 15 cm,
the outgoing flux will be
(a)More in case of sphere (b)More in case of cube
(c)Same in both cases (d)Information incomplete
Q28. Electric flux is a …….. quantity and its units are ……… .
Q29. Net electric flux from a closed surface does not depend upon distribution of …….
inside the surface.
ASSERTION & REASONING
Q30. Assertion- A closed spherical shell has inward electric flux.
Reason- Net charge enclosed inside spherical shell is negative.
Q31. Assertion- Electric field at any point due to infinitely long plain charged sheet is same.

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 16 of 484

 Reason- Electric field at any point due to infinitely long plain charged sheet is expressed as
E=σ/ϵo.
Q32. Assertion- A charge Q is placed on a height of h/2 above the centre of a square of height
h. The charge is displaced to point h/4 below. The flux through the square
remains unchanged.
Reason- The flux associated with the square is independent of position of the charge inside
cube but depends only on magnitude of charge.
Q33. Assertion- Number of electric lines of forces emanating from 1 μ C charge in vacuum is
1.13 x 105.
Reason- This follows from Gauss Theorem in Electrostatics.
Q34. Assertion- Electric flux through a given area changes as its orientation with field direction
changes.
Reason- ΦE= ∮𝒔𝑬 𝒅𝑺 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽
Q35. Assertion- In case of charged spherical shells, E-r graph is discontinuous while V -r graph
is continuous.
Reason- According to Gauss’s theorem only the charge inside a closed surface can produce
electric field at some point.
Q36. Assertion- Net electric flux through closed spherical surface of radius 5 cm enclosing charge
+q is halved when radius is increased to 10 cm.
Reason- Electric flux through closed surface decreases with increase in its volume if charge
enclosed is fixed.
Q37. Assertion- Displacing the charges within the closed surface does not affect net electric
flux through the closed surface.
Reason- Net electric flux through a closed surface is independent of charge
distribution/location within the closed surface.
Two-mark questions
Q38. State the law of conservation of charge. Give two examples to illustrate it. (2009)
Q39. How does the speed of an electrically charged particle affects its mass and charge?
Q40. Write Coulombs law in vector form. What is the importance of expressing it in vector form?
Q41. Two-point charge 4μc and 1μc are separated by a distance of 2m in air. Find the point on the
line joining charges at which the net electric field of the system is zero. [OD2017]

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 17 of 484

Q42. Two identical point charges q each are kept 2m apart in air. A third point charge Q of
unknown magnitude and sign is placed on the line joining the charges such that the system
remains in equilibrium. Find the position and nature of Q. [CBSE 2019]
Q43. Explain briefly, using proper diagram in difference in behavior of conductor and dielectric
in the presence of external electric field.
Q44. Write any two properties of electric field lines.
Q45. Three small spheres each of charge +q are placed on circumference of a circle such that
they form an equilateral triangle. What is the electric field intensity at the center of the
circle?
Q46. A surface element ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝒅𝑺 = 25𝒊̂ is placed in an electric field ⃗𝑬 ̂ . What is the
⃗ = 𝟒𝒊̂ + 𝟖𝒋̂ + 𝟏𝟒𝒌
electric flux emanating from the surface?
Q47. An infinite line charge produces a field of 9 x 104 N C-1 at a distance of 0.02 m. Calculate
the linear charge density.
Three-mark questions
Q48. Give six properties of electric charges? (Given in NCERT book)
Q49. Two point charges q1 and q2 are located at points (a,0,0) and (0, b, 0) respectively. Find
the electric field due to both these charges at the point (0, 0, c).
Q50. The electric field induced in a dielectric when placed in an external field 1/10 times the
external field. Calculate relative permittivity of the dielectric.
Q51. S1 and S2 concentric spheres such that radius of S2 is greater than that of S1 , The spheres
enclose charges of Q and 2Q respectively,
1. What is the ratio of electric flux through S1 and S2?
2. How will the electric flux through the sphere S1 change, if a medium of dielectric constant
K is introduced in the space inside S1 in place of air?
3. How will the electric flux through the sphere S1 change, if a medium of dielectric constant
K is introduced in the space inside S2 in place of air?
Q52. A metallic spherical shell has an inner radius R1 and
outer radius R2. A charge Q is placed at the centre of
the spherical cavity. What will be surface charge
density on a) the inner surface b) the outer surface?

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 18 of 484

 Five-mark questions
Q53. (a) Point charge (+Q) is kept in the vicinity of uncharged conducting plate sketch electric
field lines between the charge and the plate.
(b) Plot a graph showing the variation of Coulomb force (F) versus 1/r 2, where r is the
distance between two charges of each pair of charges (1µC, 2µC) and (1µC, -3µC).
Interpret the graphs.

**********

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 19 of 484

 SECTION B -ANSWER KEY
( 1 MARK QUESTION)
Q1. Refer from NCERT textbook
Q2. Refer from NCERT textbook
Q3. d Q4. a Q5. c Q6. a Q7. a Q8. d
Q9.

Q10. 1. q1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 q 2 are opposite to each other 2. q1 > 𝑞2

Q11. Since field lines start from Q1 and end at Q2 therefore Q1 is positive and Q2 is negative

MCQ Types Question

Q12. (d) Explanation : Total field, 𝐸⃗ = 𝐸⃗ 1 + 𝐸⃗ 2

= ρ/3𝛆0 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝐴 + ρ/3𝛆0 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝑃
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
= ρ/3𝛆0 (𝑂𝐴 𝐴𝑃 )
E= ρ/3𝛆0 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝑃 = ρ/3𝛆0 𝑎
Q13. (d) 1:1
Assertion/Reasoning
Q14. (b) Q15. (d) Q16. (c)
Q17. (d) Both statements are false.
Explanation: A –ve charge moves in opposite direction of electric field and force also acts in
opposite direction of electric field.
Q18. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Case Study Base Type Question
Q19. (d) Q20. (a) Q21. (c) Q22. (c) Q23. (a) Q24. b) 2q/ϵo Q25. a) 1 C
Q26. c) Zero Q27. c) Same in both cases Q28. Scalar, Nm 2C-1. Q29. Charges. Q30. A
Q31. C Q32. A Q33. B Q34. A Q35. B Q36. D Q37. A

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 20 of 484

Answer for Two-mark questions
Q38. The total charge of an isolated system remains constant.
Ex: i) NaCl Na+ + Cl—
As the total charge is zero before & after the ionisation, so charge is conserved.
ii) When a glass rod is rubbed with a silk cloth it develops a positive charge. But at the same
time silk cloth develop an equal negative charge. Thus, the net charge is zero as it
was before rubbing.
Q39. According to special theory of relativity, the mass of body increases with its speed in
accordance with the relation :
m = m0 /√(1- v2/c2)
As v is less than c therefore m is greater than m0.
In contrast to mass, the charge on a body remains constant and does not change as the
speed of the body changes.
Q40. As r21 =- r12 , therefore F21= - F12
This means that the two charges exert equal and opposite forces on each other. So
Coulombian forces obey Newton’s third law of motion.
Q41. Therefore, E1=E2

k𝑞1 /(𝑥)2 =k𝑞2 /(𝑑 − 𝑥)2

1/4π𝛆0 (4𝑥 2 ) = 1/4π𝛆0 (1/(2 − 𝑋)2 )
x/2 = 2-x
therefore, 3x=4 & x=4/3
Q42.

Total force on Q =0 & X=2-x Or 2x =2 or X=1m

Therefore, -Q charge is placed at a midpoint between the two charges of +q each.

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 21 of 484

Q43. In conductor, net electric field is zero.

In case of dielectric: Induced electric filed inside is less than external electric field.
Q44. (i) Never intersect (ii) They are perpendicular on surface.

Q45. Resultant force (F=0) ⃗⃗⃗

𝐸 at centre = 0
Three equal force make angle 1200
Q46. Here, ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝑆 = 5𝑖̂, 𝐸⃗ = 4𝑖̂ + 8𝑗̂ + 14𝑘̂
Electric flux, Φ= 𝐸⃗ . ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝑆= (4𝑖̂ + 8𝑗̂ + 14𝑘̂). 25𝑖̂ or Φ= 100 units.
Q47. Here, E= 9 x 104 N C-1, r= 0.02 m, λ=?
1 0.02
As E= λ/2пϵor = 2λ/4пϵor ∴ λ= E (4пϵor)/2 = 9 x 104 x x = 10-7 C/m
9∗109 2

Answer to Three-mark questions

Q48.- Refer from NCERT textbook
Q49. Net electric filed at the points (o,o,c) due to the charge q 1 & q2 is
𝐸⃗ 𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝐸⃗ 1+ 𝐸⃗ 2 = 1/4πE0 [q1/r13⃗⃗⃗
r1 + q2/r23⃗⃗⃗
r2 )
But r1 = 𝑟 = −𝑎𝑙̂ + 𝑐𝑘̂
⇒ r1 = (a2 + c2)1/2
𝑟2 = - 𝑏𝐽̂ + 𝑐𝑘̂
⃗⃗⃗
⇒ r2 = (b2 + c2)1/2
𝐸⃗ 𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 1/4πE0 [q(−𝑎𝑙̂ + 𝑐𝑘̂ )/(a2 + c2)3/2 + q2 (- 𝑏𝐽̂ + 𝑐𝑘̂)/ (b2 + c2)3/2
Q50. K = E0/E0 = E0/E0/10 = 10
Q51. 1) From Gauss’s theorem electric flux through S1 is Φ1=Q/ϵo
electric flux through S2 is Φ2= Q+2Q/ϵo = 3Q/ϵo
∴ Φ1/ Φ2=1/3
2) When a medium of dielectric constant K is introduced in the space inside S 1, then

⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗

𝐸
Φ1′ =∮𝑠 𝐸. 𝑑𝑆 =∮𝑠 . ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝑆= Q/ Kϵo
𝐾

3) On introducing dielectric medium inside S2, electric flux through S1 will not change.
Q52. +Q is the charge which is kept at the centre of the spherical cavity. –Q is the charge

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 22 of 484

 that is induced in the inner surface and +Q on the outer surface.
Answer for Five-mark questions
Q53. a) Equal charge of opposite nature induces in the
surface of the conductor nearer to the source charge.
Electric lines of forces should fall normally on the
conducting plate.
***********

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 23 of 484

 SECTION C
(1 MARK QUESTION)

1. Consider an uncharged conducting sphere. A positive point charge is placed outside the sphere.
The net charge on the sphere is then,
(a) Negative and uniformly distributed over the surface of sphere.
(b) Positive and uniformly distributed over the surface of sphere.
(c) Negative and appears at a point surface of sphere closest to point charge.
(d) Zero
2. Why do the electric field lines never cross each other?
3. Two-point charges +8q and -2q are located at x = 0 and x = L respectively. The point on x-
axis at which net electric field is zero due to these charges is (2021)
(a) 8L (b) 4L (c) 2L (d) L
Q4. A point charge +Q is placed in the vicinity of a conducting surface. Draw the electric
field lines between the surface and the charge. [CBSE 2014]
Q5. Figure shows the field lines on a positive charge. Is the work done
by the field in moving a small positive charge from Q to P positive
or negative? Give reason. [CBSE 2014]
Q6. The following fig. shows electric lines of force due to a point
charges q1 and q2 placed at points A and B respectively. Write
the nature of charge on them.
Q7. A few electric field lines for a system of two charges Q1
and Q2 fixed at two different points on the x-axis as shown
in the fig. Where can be the electric field due to two
charges be zero?
Q8. Two-point charges +8q and -2q are located at x=0 and x =L
respectively. The location of a point on x-axis at which the net electric field due to these
two-point charges is zero in
a) 2L b) L/4 c) 8L d) 4L [AIEEE 2005]

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 24 of 484

 Assertion Reasoning
Q9. Assertion: Electric force acting on a proton and e-, moving in a uniform electric field is
same, whereas acceleration of e- is 1836 times is lighter than that of a proton.
Reason – Electron is lighter than proton.
Q10. Assertion- As force is a vector quantity, hence electric field is also a vector quantity.
Reason – The unit of electric field intensity is newton per coulomb.
Q11. Assertion – The electric lines of forces from a point charge and can merge at a negative
charge.
Reason – A charge of force to move in electric field moves along an electric line of force.
Q12. Assertion – Three equal charges are situated as a circle of radius r such that they form equilateral
triangle, then the electric field intensity at the centre is zero.
Reason – The force on unit positive charge at the centre, due to three equal charges are
represented by the three sides of a triangle taken in the same order. Therefore,
electric field intensity at centre is zero.
Q13. Assertion –A point charge is brought in an electric field. The filed at a nearby point will
increase whatever be the nature of the charge.
Reason – The electric field is independent of the nature of charge.
Q14. The electric field in a certain region is acting radially outwards and is given by E= Ar.
A charge contained in sphere of radius ‘a’ centred at origin of the field will be given by:
(a) Aϵoa2 (b) 4πϵoAa3 (c) ϵoAa3 (d) 4πϵoAa2
Q15. A charge q is placed at the point of intersection of body diagonals of a cube. The electric
flux passing through any one of its faces is
𝑞 3𝑞 6𝑞 𝑞
(a) (b) (c) (d)
6𝜖𝑜 𝜖𝑜 𝜖𝑜 3𝜖𝑜

Q16. Name the principle which is mathematical equivalent to Coulomb’s law and superposition
principle.
Q17. A charge q is placed at the centre of a cube of side ‘l’ what is the electric flux passing through
two opposite faces of the cube?
Two-mark questions
Q18. State Coulomb’s law in vector form and prove that F21 = - F12, where letters have their usual
meaning. (Given in NCERT book)

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 25 of 484

Q19. Define electric field intensity. What is its S.I unit? What is the relation between electric
field and force?
Q20. An infinite number of charges each equal to 4μc
are placed along the x-axis at x=1m, x=2m &
x=4m as so on. Find electric field at the origin due to
given set of charges.
Q21. A metallic solid sphere is placed in a uniform electric field. The lines of force follow the path
shown below. Which field lines follow the path?
Q21. If the total charge enclosed by a surface is zero, does it imply that the electric field
everywhere on the surface is zero? Conversely, if the electric field everywhere on a surface is zero,
does it imply that net charge inside is zero.
Q24. A wire AB of length L has linear charge density λ=Kx, where x is measured from the end A of the
wire. This wire is enclosed by a Gaussian hollow surface. Find the expression for electric flux through the
surface.
Q25.A uniformly charged conducting sphere of 2.4 m diameter has a surface charge density
of 180 μC/m2.
(a) Find the charge on the sphere.
(b) What is the total electric flux leaving the surface of the sphere?
Q26. A charge of 17.7 x 10-4 C is distributed over a large sheet of area 400 cm2. Calculate the
electric field intensity at a distance of 10 cm from it.
Q27. A large plane sheet of charge having surface charge density 5 x 10-16 Cm-2 lies in XY plane. Find
electric flux through a circular area of radius 1 cm. Given normal to the circular area makes an angle of 60o
with Z-axis.
Three-mark questions
Q28. Derive an expression for electric field intensity at a point due to (a) A point charge (b) A
group of charges (c) Continues charge distribution.
Q29. An electron falls through a
distance of 1.5 cm in a uniform
electric field of value field is
reversed, a proton falls through
the same distance. Compare the

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 26 of 484

time of fall in each case. Contrast the situation with that of free fall under gravity. [CBSE 2018]
[NCERT ]
Q30. What will be the total flux through the faces of the cube with side of length a if a charge
q is placed at
a) A: a corner of the cube
b) B: mid-point of an edge of the cube
c) C: centre of a face of the cube
d) D: mid-point of B and C
Q31. Consider a uniform field 𝐸⃗ = 30 x 103 𝑖̂ NC-1.
Calculate the flux of this field through a square surface
area of 100 cm2
(a)When its plane is parallel to Y-Z plane. (b) When
the normal to its plane makes an angle of 60o with X -
axis. (c)When parallel to X-Y plane.
Q32.The electric field components due to a charge inside the cube of side 0.1 m are, Ex=α x, where α =
500 N/Cm-1, Ey= 0, Ez=0. Calculate flux through the cube and charge inside the cube.
Five-mark questions

Q33. State the principle of superposition and use it to obtain the expression for the total force
exerted on a point charge due to an assembly of (N -1) discrete point charges. (NCERT)

Case based question

Q34. Paragraph 1: Coulomb’s law
This law is a quantitative statement of about the force between two-point charges. When the linear
sizes of charged bodies are much smaller than the distance between them, their sizes may be
ignored and the charge bodies are called point charges. After retiring from his active services as a
military engineer in 1776, Coulomb discovered a torsion balance to measure a small quantity of
force and used it for determination of forces of attraction or repulsion between small charged
spheres. He thus arrived in 1785 at the inverse square law relation, now known as Coulomb’s law.
He found that the force between two-point charges varied inversely with the square of the distance
between the charges and was directly proportional to the product of the magnitude of the charges

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 27 of 484

and acted along the line joining the two charges. Coulomb’s law is an electrical analogue of
Newton’s law of Universal Gravitation in mechanics.

| F1| = |F2| = k (q1 x q2) / r2

Q1. Answer the following questions
(I) Identify the wrong statement in the following Coulomb’s law correctly describes the
electric force that
(a) Blinds the electrons of an atom to its nucleus.
(b) Binds the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
(c) Binds atoms together to form molecules.
(d) Binds atoms and molecules to form solids.
(II) Two charges 3 x 10-5C and 5 x 104C are placed at a distance 10cm from each other.
The value of electrostatic force acting between them is
(a) 13.5 x 1011 N (b) 40 X 1011 N © 180 x 109 N (d) 13.5 x 1010 N
2. Each of two point charges is doubles and their distance is halved. Force of interaction
becomes n times, where n is
(a) 4 (b) 1 (c) 18 (d) 16
3. The minimum value of force acting between two point charges placed 1 m apart from
one another is
(a) ke2 (b) ke (c) ke/4 (d) ke2/2
4. A and B are two identical spherical charged bodies which repel each other with force F,
kept at a finite distance. A third uncharged sphere of same size is brought in contact with
sphere B and removed. It is then kept at a mid-point of A and B. Find the magnitude of the
force on C.
(a) F/2 (b) F/8 (c) F (d) Zero
Q35. Paragraph 2:
Smallest charge that can exist in nature is the charge of an electron. During friction it is the only
transfer of electrons which makes the body charged. Hence net charge on any body is an integral
multiple of charge of an electron [1.6x10-19C] i.e. I.e. q=ne
Where n=1, 2, 3……
Hence nobody can have a charge represented as 1.1e, 2.7e…etc.

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 28 of 484

Recently, it has been discovered that elementary particles such as protons or neutrons are
composed of more elemental units called quarks.
Q1. Answer the following questions:
1.Which of the following properties is not satisfied by an electric charge?
(a) Total charge conservation.
(b) Quantization of charge.
(c) Two type of charge.
(d) Circular line of force.
2. Which one of the following charges is possible?
(a) 5.8x 10-18C (b) 3.2x10-18C
© 4.5x10 C-19 (d) 8.6x10-19C
3. If a charge on a body is 1nC, then how many electrons present on the body?
(a) 6.25x1027 (b)1.6x1019
© 6.25x1028 (d) 6.25x109
9
4. If a body gives out 10 electrons every second, how much time is required to get a total
charge of 1C from it?
(a)190.19 years (b)159.12 years
© 198.19 years (d) 188, 21 years

5.A polythene piece rubbed with wool is found to have a negative charge of 3.2x10 -7C.
Calculate the number of electrons transferred.
(a) 2x1012 (b)3x1012
© 2x1014 (d)3x1014

***********

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 29 of 484

 SECTION-C
ANSWER KEY
( 1 MARK QUESTION)

1. d
2. If two lines of forces intersect, then there would be two tangents and two directions of electric
field at the point of intersection, which is impossible.
3. c
4.

5. Work done by field is negative. Since charge is moved against the force exerted by the field.
6. q1 and q2 must be -ve charges. As field lines are pointing towards q1 and q2.
7. The electric field due to the system of two charges will be zero at a point to the right of charge.
MCQ Types Question
8. (a) Explanation: Let net electric field due to two given charges be zero at P, where OP = x

EAP= BBP = K8q/x2=K(2q)/ (x – L)2 or 2/x = 1/x-L

Or 2x – 2L = x
X = 2L
Assertion/Reasoning

9. (A) 10. (B) 11. (C) 12.(B) 13. (D) 14.b) 4πϵoAa3
𝑞
15.a) 16. Gauss’ Theorem in electrostatics
6𝜖𝑜

𝑞
17. Flux through each face =
6𝜖𝑜
𝑞 𝑞 𝑞
Flux through two opposite faces = + =
6𝜖𝑜 6𝜖𝑜 3𝜖𝑜
Answer for Two-mark questions
18. Refer from textbook
19. Electric field intensity at a point defined as the electrostatic force per unit test charge
acting on a vanishingly small positive test charge placed at that point .

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 30 of 484

 SI unit of intensity is N/C.
Electrostatic force = charge x electric field.
20. E at origin, E = 9x109 [4x10-6/ (1)2 + 4x10-6/22] + ----
= 36x103[1+1/22+1/42 +--]
(Geometric series)
Therefore, Sum = a/1-r
a= first term = 1
r = common ratio = ¼
E= 36x10 3x1/ (1-1/4) = 48x103
21. 4th
Explanation: When metallic solid sphere is placed in uniform electric field the electrons of
the sphere move against the direction of electric field. Consequently, the left face acquires
negative charge while the right face attains +ve charge. The filed lines will terminate at the left
face of sphere and restart from right face. The electric field inside the sphere is zero. On the
other surface of the sphere, the filed lines are normal at energy point. i.e., directed towards the
centre. Therefore, the correct field is represented.
22. Refer from NCERT textbook
23. The total charge enclosed by a surface is zero, it doesn’t imply that the electric field everywhere
⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗
on the surface is zero. As ∮𝑠 𝐸. 𝑑𝑆 = q/ϵo, therefore, the field may be normal to the surface.
Also, the conversely it does imply that net charge inside is zero if electric
field everywhere on the surface is zero.
𝑑𝑞
24. Here, λ= = Kx; ϕ=?
𝑑𝑥

dq=Kx dx
Total charge on the wire
𝐿 𝐾𝑥 2
q= ∫0 𝐾𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = [ ]=KL2/2
2

Total electric flux through the Gaussian hollow surface is

Φ= q/ϵo= KL2/2ϵo
25. (a) d=2.4m r=1.2m
Surface charge density, σ =180.0 μ C/m2 =180 x 10-6 C/m2
Total charge on surface of sphere,

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 31 of 484

 Q =σ×4πr2=180×10-6×4×3.14× (1.2)2
=3.25×10-3 C

(b) Φ Total = Q/ϵo

3.25∗10−3
Φ Total = =3.67 X 108 Nm2C-1
8.85∗10−12

26. Here, q= 17.7 x 10-4 C, A= 400 cm2, E=?, r =10 cm = 10-1m

In case of a large plane sheet, distance of the point (=r) doesn’t matter.
17.7∗10−4
E= σ/2ϵo =q/2ϵoA= =2.5 x 105 N/C
2∗(8.85∗10−12 )∗400
27. Here, σ = 5 x 10-16 Cm-2, ϕ=?
r= 1 cm =10-2m, θ=60o
ϕ= E (ΔS) cos θ= (σ/2ϵo) п r2 cos 60o
5∗10−16 ∗3.14∗(10−4 )∗1/2
= = 4.44 x 10-9Nm2C-1.
2∗8.85∗10−12

Answer to Three-mark questions

28. Refer from NCERT textbook
29. For electron
Y1= 1.5 cm = 1.5 x10-2m
E1= 2x104N/C
q0 = (-) 1.6x10-19 C
m1 = 9x10-3 kg
Y1= u1 t1+ ½ a1𝑡12
= 0 + ½ a1𝑡12
2𝑦1 2×1⋅5×10−2
t1 = √ =√ = 2.9 X 10-9sec
𝑎1 3.55×1015

therefore,
a1 = F1/m1 = q0 E1/m1
a1 = 1.6 x 10 -19x 2 x 104/ 9 x 10-37
a1 =3.55 x 1015 m/s2
For proton

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 32 of 484

When electric field is reversed

q0 = +1.6 x 10-19C.
m2= 1.67 x 10-27kg.
acceleration a2 = F2/m2 = q0E/m2
a = 1.6 x 10 -19x 2 x 104/ 1.67 x 10-27 = 1.92 x 1012 m/s2
2𝑦2 2×1⋅5×10−2
Similarly, t2 = √ =√
𝑎2 1.92×1012

t1/t2 = 2.9 x 10-9/1.25 x 10-7 = 2.3 x 10-2

Observation:

Acceleration of e- = 1015 m/s2

Acceleration of p+ = 1012 m/s2
Acceleration of g = 9.8 m/s2 = 10 m/s2 (negligible), Effect of gravity can be ignored.
30. a) When we consider the charged particle to be placed at the centre of the cube whose

side is 2a, then the charge is equally distributed among 8 cubes. Therefore, the total flux

through the faces of the cube=q/8 ϵo.

b) When the charge is placed at B, the charge is equally distributed among the 4 cubes.
Therefore, the total flux through the four faces is given as = q/4 ϵo.
c) When the charge is placed at C, the charge is shared among 2 cubes equally. Therefore,
the total flux through these faces is given as = q/2 ϵo.
d) When the charge is place at D, the charge is distributed among two cubes and
therefore, the total flux is given as = q/2 ϵo.
31. Here, 𝐸⃗ = 30 x103 𝑖̂ NC-1
A= 10-2 m2
(a)As normal to the area is in the direction of electric field, therefore θ=0o
Φ= EA cos θ= 30x103x10-2 cos 00
= 300Nm2C-1
(b)In this case, θ=60o
Φ`= EA cos θ= 30x103x10-2 cos 600
= 150 Nm2C-1.

Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 33 of 484

(c)In this case, θ=90o
Φ= EA cos θ= 30x103x10-2 cos 900
= 0 Nm2C
32. Through the left face
Φ1= Ex. A cos 180o
=500 x 0.1 x 10-2(-1) = -0.5
Through the right face
Φ2= Ex. A cos 0o
=500 x 0.2 x 10-2= 1.0
∴ Net flux through the cube
Φ=Φ1+Φ2= 0.5 Nm2C-1
Charge inside the cube =ϵoΦ
= 8.85 x 10-12 x 0.5= 4.425 x 10-12 C.

Answer to Five-mark questions

Q33. Refer from NCERT textbook
Q34. Refer from NCERT textbook
1. b 2. a 3. d 4. a 5. c
Q35. 1. d 2. b 3. d 4. c 5. a

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Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 34 of 484