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CP104 - Chapter 4 - Repetition Structures

The document discusses different types of repetition structures in programming including while loops, for loops, and nested loops. A while loop repeatedly executes statements as long as a condition is true. A for loop iterates over items in a list or range of numbers. Nested loops contain a loop within another loop to process multi-dimensional data. Input validation with loops ensures data entered by the user is in the proper format before being used.

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41 views5 pages

CP104 - Chapter 4 - Repetition Structures

The document discusses different types of repetition structures in programming including while loops, for loops, and nested loops. A while loop repeatedly executes statements as long as a condition is true. A for loop iterates over items in a list or range of numbers. Nested loops contain a loop within another loop to process multi-dimensional data. Input validation with loops ensures data entered by the user is in the proper format before being used.

Uploaded by

juliamicic10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CP104 - Repetition Structures - Chapter 4

A repetition structure causes a statement or set of statements to execute repeatedly.

The while Loop: A Condition-Controlled Loop

# This program calculates sales commissions.


# Create a variable to control the loop.

keep_going = 'y'

# Calculate a series of commissions.

while keep_going == 'y':


sales = float(input('Enter the amount of sales: '))
comm_rate = float(input('Enter the commission rate: '))

# Calculate the commission.


commission = sales * comm_rate

# Display the commission.


print(f'The commission is ${commission:,.2f}.')

# See if the user wants to do another one.


keep_going = input('Do you want to calculate another ' + ‘'commission (Enter y for
yes): ')
INFINITE LOOPS

This program demonstrates an infinite loop. # Create a variable to control the loop. keep_going
= 'y'

# Warning! Infinite loop!

while keep_going == 'y':

# Get a salesperson's sales and commission rate.

sales = float(input('Enter the amount of sales: ')) comm_rate = float(input('Enter the


commission rate: '))

# Calculate the commission.

commission = sales * comm_rate

# Display the commission.

print(f'The commission is ${commission:,.2f}.')

The for Loop: A Count-Controlled Loop

for variable in [value1, value2, etc.]:

statement

statement

etc.

#This program demonstrates a simple for loop that uses a list of numbers.

print('I will display the numbers 1 through 5.')


for num in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]:
print(num)

Program Output

I will display the numbers 1 through 5.

1
2

for loop that uses the range function:

for num in range(5):

print(num)

Sentinels
A sentinel is a special value that marks the end of a sequence of values.

Input Validation
Input validation is the process of inspecting data that has been input to

a program, to make sure it is valid before it is used in a computation. Input validation is


commonly done with a loop that iterates as long as an input variable references bad data.

RETAIL PRICES
# This program calculates retail prices.
MARK_UP = 2.5 # The markup percentage
another = 'y' # Variable to control the loop.

# Process one or more items.


while another == 'y' or another == 'Y':
# Get the item's wholesale cost.
wholesale = float(input("Enter the item's wholesale cost: "))

Calculate the retail price.


retail = wholesale * MARK_UP

# Display the retail price.


print(f'Retail price: ${retail:,.2f}')

# Do this again?
another = input('Do you have another item? ' +
'(Enter y for yes): ')
Nested Loops

A loop that is inside another loop is called a nested loop.


TEST SCORES

# This program averages test scores. It asks the user for the number of students and the
number of test scores per student.

# Get the number of students.

num_students = int(input('How many students do you have? '))

# Get the number of test scores per student.

num_test_scores = int(input('How many test scores per student? '))

# Determine each student's average test score.

for student in range(num_students):

# Initialize an accumulator for the test scores.

total = 0.0

# Display the student number.


print(f'Student number {student + 1}')
print('-----------------')

# Get the student's test scores.

for test_num in range(num_test_scores)

print(f'Test number {test_num + 1}', end='')

score = float(input(': '))

# Add the score to the accumulator. total += score

# Calculate the average test score for this student.

average = total / num_test_scores

# Display the average.

print(f'The average for student number {student + 1} ‘


f'is: {average:.1f}') print()

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