Diameter of Test Tube

Area of Test Tube

Temperature
Density of fluid at temperature
Kinematic Viscosity
Dynamic Viscosity (Pa s)
Run# Flow Condition Fluid Collected (mL)
1 Laminar 430
2 Transition 600
3 Turbulent 950
4 Turbulent 5000
 D 0.01 m
A 7.854E-05 m2
T 23 oC
p 997.54 kg/m3
v 9.344E-07 m2/s
u 9.321E-04
Fluid Collected (m3) Time Collecting Fluid (s) Flowrate Q (m3/s) Velocity (m/s)
4.30E-04 60 7.17E-06 0.09
6.00E-04 60 1.00E-05 0.13
9.50E-04 50 1.90E-05 0.24
5.00E-03 46 1.09E-04 1.38
Reynolds Number Flow Type Based on Reynolds number
976.55 Laminar
1362.62 Laminar
2588.99 Transition
14811.14 Turbulent
 Pipe Inside Pipe Inside Volume Collected, Time for Flow Velocity
Diameter, D, mm Diameter, D, m m3 Collection, s (m/s)

4.5 0.0045 0.00071 20 2.232

4.5 0.0045 0.00084 30 1.761
4.5 0.0045 0.0007 30 1.467
4.5 0.0045 0.000584 60 0.612
7.7 0.0077 0.025 84 6.391
7.7 0.0077 0.02 72 5.965
7.7 0.0077 0.02 82 5.238
7.7 0.0077 0.02 113 3.801
10.9 0.0109 0.03 41 7.841
10.9 0.0109 0.02 49 4.374
10.9 0.0109 0.02 55 3.897
10.9 0.0109 0.02 75 2.858
17.2 0.0172 0.03 48 2.690
17.2 0.0172 0.02 42 2.049
17.2 0.0172 0.02 56 1.537
17.2 0.0172 0.01 121 0.356
15.2 0.0152 0.03 53 3.119
15.2 0.0152 0.03 57 2.900
15.2 0.0152 0.02 46 2.396
15.2 0.0152 0.01 54 1.021

Ambient
Ta 23 oC
Temperature
Density of Water p 997.54 kg/m3
Kinematic
Viscosity
v 9.34E-07 m2/s
Length of pipe
between two L 1 m
pressure points
Unit weight of
pg 9786 N/m3
water

Flow Velocity vs Pressure Drop per unit Length of 4.5mm ID

Smooth Pipe
30000
op per unit Length (Pa/m)

25000

20000

15000

10000
 25000

Pressure Drop per unit Length (

20000

15000

10000

5000

0
0.400 0.600 0.800 1.000 1.200 1.400 1.600 1.800 2.000

Flow Velocity (m/s)

Flow Velocity vs Experimental Pressure loss Flow Velocity vs Hazen-Williams Pressure loss

Flow Velocity vs Pressure Drop per unit Length of 10.9mm ID

Smooth Pipe
60000
Pressure Drop per unit Length (Pa/m)

50000

40000

30000

20000

10000

0
2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000 6.000 7.000 8.000

Flow Velocity (m/s)

Flow Velocity vs Experimental Pressure loss Flow Velocity vs Hazen-Williams Pressure loss

Re vs FD for 4.5mm ID Smooth Pipe

0.05400
[Y VALUE]

0.05200

0.05000
n Factor FD

0.04820
0.04800
0.04628
0.04600
 0.05200

0.05000

Friction Factor FD
0.04820
0.04800
0.04628
0.04600
0.04
0.04400

0.04200

0.04000
2000.00 3000.00 4000.00 5000.00 6000.00 7000.00 8000.00 9000.00 10000.00 1

Reynold Number

Re vs FD for 10.9mm ID Smooth Pipe

0.03000

0.02500 0.02408

0.01871
Friction Factor FD

0.02000
0.01713 0.017

0.01500

0.01000

0.00500

0.00000
30000.00 40000.00 50000.00 60000.00 70000.00 80000.00 90000.0

Reynold Number
 Hazen-Williams
Experimental Hazen-Williams
head loss in
Difference in Volume Flowrate Reynolds Number, Pipe
meters (water) per
Pressure head m3/s NR Roughness
meter length of
ΔP/L, (Pa/m) Coefficient, C
pipe, Hf/L
24600 0.0000355 10749.62 150 1.538
15900 0.0000280 8478.57 150 0.991
11500 0.0000233 7065.48 150 0.707
2200 0.0000097 2947.31 150 0.140
57000 0.0002976 52668.06 150 5.766
49700 0.0002778 49156.85 150 5.075
39000 0.0002439 43162.11 150 3.988
21500 0.0001770 31321.18 150 2.202
50000 0.0007317 91472.00 150 5.615
15000 0.0004082 51025.20 150 1.905
13000 0.0003636 45458.81 150 1.538
9000 0.0002667 33336.46 150 0.866
8600 0.0006250 49514.10 150 0.455
5300 0.0004762 37725.03 150 0.275
3200 0.0003571 28293.77 150 0.161
210 0.0000826 6547.32 150 0.011
17000 0.0005660 50743.34 90 1.780
15000 0.0005263 47182.41 90 1.555
10500 0.0004348 38976.77 90 1.092
2200 0.0001852 16601.22 90 0.225

nit Length of 4.5mm ID Flow Velocity vs Pressure Drop per unit Len
Smooth Pipe
60000
p per unit Length (Pa/m)

50000

40000

30000

20000
 50000

Pressure Drop per unit Length (

40000

30000

20000

10000

0
1.600 1.800 2.000 2.200 2.400 3.500 4.000 4.500 5.000 5.500

m/s) Flow Velocity (m/s)

locity vs Hazen-Williams Pressure loss Flow Velocity vs Experimental Pressure loss Flow Velocity vs H

t Length of 10.9mm ID Flow Velocity vs Pressure Drop per unit Len

Smooth Pipe
10000
Pressure Drop per unit Length (Pa/m)

9000

8000

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
00 7.000 8.000 9.000 0.000 0.500 1.000 1.500

s) Flow Velocity (m/s)

city vs Hazen-Williams Pressure loss Flow Velocity vs Experimental Pressure loss Flow Velocity vs

Smooth Pipe Re vs FD for 7.7mm ID Smooth

0.02350

0.02298
0.02300
n Factor FD

0.02250
0

0.02195
0.04628 0.02200
 0.02298
0.02300

Friction Factor FD
0.02250
0

0.02195
0.04628 0.02200

0.04455
0.02150

0.02100

0.02050
8000.00 9000.00 10000.00 11000.00 12000.00 30000.00 35000.00 40000.00 45000.00

mber Reynold Number

Smooth Pipe Re vs FD for 17.2mm ID pipe

0.07000

0.06000 0.05724

0.05000 0.04671
Friction Factor FD

0.0435
0.01777
0.04000

0.03000

0.02000

0.01000

0.00000
000.00 80000.00 90000.00 100000.00 0.00 10000.00 20000.00 30000.00 400

ber Reynold Number

 Hazen-Williams
pressure loss in Experimental
Pa per meter Darcy-Weisbach
length of pipe, Friction Factor, fD
ΔP/L, Pa/m
15047.53 0.04455
9695.70 0.04628
6917.28 0.04820
1369.94 0.05300
56429.19 0.02154
49660.60 0.02156
39030.89 0.02195
21552.14 0.02298
54943.90 0.01777
18639.36 0.01713
15049.51 0.01871
8473.46 0.02408
4449.39 0.04099
2688.94 0.04351
1578.32 0.04671
104.96 0.05724
17415.31 0.05324
15219.83 0.05434
10684.19 0.05574
2199.22 0.06437

ssure Drop per unit Length of 7.7mm ID

Smooth Pipe
 5.000 5.500 6.000 6.500 7.000

Flow Velocity (m/s)

Pressure loss Flow Velocity vs Hazen-Williams Pressure loss

ssure Drop per unit Length of 17.2mm ID Flow Velocity vs Pressu

Smooth Pipe
20000

Pressure Drop per unit Length (Pa/m)

18000

16000

14000

12000

10000

8000

6000

4000

2000

1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500 3.000 0

0.500 1.000 1.50

Flow Velocity (m/s)

al Pressure loss Flow Velocity vs Hazen-Williams Pressure loss Flow Velocity vs Experimental Pr

for 7.7mm ID Smooth Pipe

0.02195
0.02156
 0.02195
0.02156
0.02154

40000.00 45000.00 50000.00 55000.00

Reynold Number

Re vs FD fo
FD for 17.2mm ID pipe
0.07000
0.06437

0.06000

0.04671 0.05000
0.04351
Friction Factor FD

0.04099
0.04000

0.03000

0.02000

0.01000

00.00 30000.00 40000.00 50000.00 60000.00 0.00000

10000.00 15000.00 20000.00 25000.0
Reynold Number
low Velocity vs Pressure Drop per unit Length of 15.2mm ID
Rough Pipe

1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500 3.000 3.500

Flow Velocity (m/s)

Flow Velocity vs Experimental Pressure loss Flow Velocity vs Hazen-Williams Pressure loss
 Re vs FD for 15.2mm ID Rough Pipe

0.06437

0.05574 0.05434 0.05324

15000.00 20000.00 25000.00 30000.00 35000.00 40000.00 45000.00 50000.00 55000.00

Reynold Number