(1) Acar of mass 1000kg is accelerating at 2mv/s?. (a) What resultant force acts on the car? (b) If the resistance to the motion is 1000N, what is the force due to the engine? (2) A mass of 2kg is at rest on a rough horizontal table. A force of 20N is applied to the mass at an angle of 30° to the horizontal (table). The frictional resistance force is equal to SN. What is the acceleration of the mass? (3) Two forces of 20N and 10N act on a body of mass 0.5kg at right angle to each other. What is acceleration of the mass in magnitude and direction? (4) A man of mass 80kg stands in a lift. What is the reaction from the floor of the lift if the lift (a) Moves upwards with steady speed? (b) Moves upwards with acceleration of 0.Sm/s (©) Moves downwards with acceleration of 0.4m/s? (5) A truck of mass 1000kg pulling a trailer of mass 450kg accelerates at 0.6m/s?. Resistance to the motion on either vehicle is 4N per kg of mass. (a) What is the tension in the towing bar? (b) What is the traction (driving) force of the engine?57.The diagram below shows a 200g object on a frictionless surfi aS" Which of the following is correct about the acceration and direction of the acted upon by 3 forces. movement of the object? 15] Pag u ONTAC r SUCCESS IN SCIENCE, PHYSICS VOLUME 4 Acceleration Direction of (m/s?) movement A 0.05 Left B 0.05 Right iG 5.0 Right D 500 Left62.A girl who has a mass of SOkg runs up some stairs in 7.0s. The stairs are 8.0m high. Take the gravitational field swength as LON/kg. what is: (a) The girl's weight? ro} (b) The girl’s potential energy when she is at the top of the stairs? (2) (c) Her power output? 2) 63. (a) Figure below shows a bus. a7[Pa UERIES CONTAC ) é SUCCESS IN SCIENCE, PHYSICS VOLUME 4 State 3 modifications that should be made in the design of the bus to make it more stable, (3) (b) An astronaut with a mass 75kg on Earth travels to the moon whose gravitational field strength is 1.6N/kg. (i) What is meant by mass? (ly (ii) ‘What is the mass of an astronaut on the moon? (1) (iii) What is his weight on the moon? ti)81.A car of mass 1400kg starts from rest and moves along a straight road with a constant acceleration to reach a speed of 10m/s in 6s. (a) On the axes below, draw a graph of speed against time for the first 6s of the motion. [1] Nn 6 ® ® CO ° 2 4 6 Time (sec) SUCCESS IN SCIENCE, PHYSICS VOLUME 4 (b) For the motion of the car in the first 6s, calculate the (i) Distance travelled by the car uy (ii) Ace ion of the car a) (iii) Resultant force acting on the car ir) 82.(a) State one difference between mass and weight. ty) (b) What two factors that will make an object stable? (2) (c) A mass of an object is S0kg on earth, what will be its mass on moon? u) 83.(a) Briefly describe how the mass of a liquid can be determined. Show how the final result can be calculated, B) (b) An empty relative density bottle has a mass of 35g. When filled with water, its mass93.An automobile of mass 2000kg started from rest position and increased its speed uniformly to 9nvs in 30s. It maintained this speed for another 500s. (a) Sketch the speed time graph of the automobile for the journey described. (3) (b) Calculate the uniform acceleration of the automobile. (2) (c) How much force was required to produce this acceleration? uw (d) Calculate the distance covered by the automobile when it was moving at constant speed. (e) What was the average speed of the automobile for the journey described? [2]94.A stone of mass 0.5kg was thrown vertically upwards and caught at the same position. Neglecting air resistance, complete the following table. Position ee Just before being caugl Force on the SNdown | (ii) (vy) Acceleration — | (i) | (iii) 10n/s* down ‘Speed sms |(iv) (vi)Figure 54 shows two weights on a lever that rests on a pivot at the centre of the lever. Calculate how far the 80 g mass must be from the pivot in order to balance the lever.ext ge 1.00 [150 [2.00 Jmm | 20 | 26 46 61 80 (a) (i) Copy the table and add to the table values of e, the extension of the spring. (ii) Plot a graph of WAN (y-axis) against e/mm (x-axis). Draw the best straight line through your points ) ©2. The figure shows 4 diagrams, not to scale, of the same spring which obeys Hooke’s law 20g (a) 45g 30g M (b) «) (a) What is the length x and mass M11 Agroup of three learners were provided with five identical masses, an extensible spring and a 100cm ruler to investigate Hooke’s Law. They arranged the apparatus as shown in figure 11.1. Figure 11.2 shows the graph plotted from their results. Extension (em) ‘Scale pan (2) (i)_—_ Explain why a spring balance measures weight and not mass. ty) (ii) Show how a spring balance can be used to determine the mass of an object. (2) (b) (i) ~—- Sketch a graph that could be used to determine mass using a spring balance.[2] (ii) Calculate the spring Constant. fa] (iii) Give the importance of knowing the spring cannot 0 a spring. Ql (iv) Does the spring obey Hooke’s Law? Explain your answer 2 (ce) How Will the spring change if the elastic. imitis exceeded, 1) Total: 10 marks4 The figure 4,1. Shows how bolts are secured using an Allen key. > One end of Allen key is put into the bolt and the other is turned to tighten the bolt. (a) (b) Calculate the moment on the bolt when; (i) End A of the Allen key is put into the bolt and a force of 15N is applied to end B Moment ..... [2] (ii) End B of the Allen key is put into the bolt and a force of 15N is applied at end A Moment .. (2) Which end of Allen key (A or B) should be put into the bolt to make it easier to tighten the bolt? Give a reason for your answer.3. Figure 3.3 shows a bed that folds against the wall during the day. When horizontal, the the bed is suppoerted on the side by a himge and in the side by the two legs. The weight of the bed W acts through the center of mass which is 0.35m from the hinge. Take a= 10N/kg. (a) State the principle of mornents. Fy (b) _Iffrre mass of the bed in figure 3.3 is 26kg, Calculate the weight 'W' of the bed. (2) (€) Determine the size of the total force exerted on bed by the legs when the bed is horizontal. 2) Total: 5 marks7. Figure 3.8 shows a uniform metre rule of mass 120 g suspended at its mid-point fro the spring balance, which is calibrated in Newtons (N). Fig 3.8 A stone, suspended at the 20 cm mark is balanced by a 100 g mass suspended on the 60 cm mark. Assume g = 10 m/s*. (a) Calculate the mass of the stone [2] (b) Why does the mass of the metre rule play no part in the calculation in (a)? (c) What is the reading on the spring balance2. (a) Explain what is meant by the moment of a force. Write down a unit in which it can be measured. B) (&) The figure below shows an electrically operated railway-crossing barrier. The barrier is pivoted at P and, in order to make it easier to raise the arm of the barrier, the weight of the arm is balanced by the counter-weight M. counter-weight M ‘The weight of the arm is 200.N and its centre of . is 040m from P. Calculate W, the weight of M, that it just balances the weight of the arm. Show clearly how you arrived apie = di 1) One end of the pole ls pushed upwards slightly by means of a vertical force F, as shown in Fig, 32. ‘The cross, labelled C, shows the position of the centre of mass of the pole in each diagram. wite wire M, +c «ec ie Me 31 ‘Fig. 3.2 (0) (@ On Fig. 3.1, draw an arrow to show the direction of weight of the pole with the arrow starting the point at which the weight acts. (Wi) In Pig. 32, the pole is balanced by force F and two more forces. On Fig. 3.2, draw arrows to show the positions and directions of these two forces. BI (b) Force F is now taken away. State and explain what will happen to the pole as soon as force F is taken away, fa 4. The diagram shows « cross-section through the centre of a triangular prism. G shows the position of the centre of mass of the prism. ‘The prism is laid on one of its rectangular faces on a horizontal table. On which side, PQ or QR be placed for maximum stability? State your reasons for your anawer,weight (4) By taking moments, calculate the force F necessary to hal steady inthe postion shown, a bucket conten of total mame 60g, (Take the weight of Lig w'be ON) B) (©) Calculate the work done in lifting the mass of 60 kg through a vertical height of 012m. [2] (©) Calculate the power needed to complete this lifting operation in 40s. Ry the the the 40 Peace sone vi ower actually developed by the operator during an (d) State, with a reason in each case, why the device is so that the bar PH is 1.5 = hy designed m long, @ 03m Gi) about 5.0 m. RlExamples (1)Two thin strings support a 2N meter rule 20cm and 30cm respectively from the ends, ‘Calculate the tension in each string iy The moments can be taken about any point (Taking moments about the center of gravity (C.G), T; produces the clockwise ‘moment and T: produces the anticlockwise moment.. Using the principle of ‘Sum of clockwise moment = sum of anticlockwise moment Tix W=Tox20 31) =2T2 27, a Gi) Total upward forces = Total downward forces T IN 2 Solving (1) and (2) simultaneously Replace (1) into (2) Alternatively Taking moments about one ofthe points where the unknown acts will eliminate the simultaneous equation. Take moments about A 23087, x50 60 = Sor, ButT, +7, T+1299.The diagram below shows a uniform plank of length 100cm kept in equilibrium by a 3kg and 1kg mass placed 10cm and 20cm from each end respectively. 2 et > <7im—> 1kg 3kg (a) Calculate the (i) moment of the 3kg mass (21 (ii) weight of the plank Q (») State one application of the above set up. (197.The figure below shows a crane lifting some bricks during the building of a house. The weight of the bricks products a turning effect of moment on the arm of the crane about the pivot P. the weight of the bricks is 12000N. (a) Calculate the moment of this force using the distance marked on the diagram above. [2] (b)Calculate the useful work done by the crane in lifting 12000N through a height of 15m. [2]SUCCESS IN SCIENCE, PHYSICS VOLUM| 1 20cm 50cm Uniform metre rule Pivot 3.15N Calculate the weight of the metre rule,84.The figure below shows a door well secured on the door frame. G y j y y y y y Y Mid. (a) What is meant by moment of force? Include its SI unit. ty) (b) Calculate the moment of force if a force of 10N is applied at point 1 to open or close the door, (2) (c) Explain why it is easier to open or close the door if the handle is fixed at point 1 than at point 2 or 3. 2)80.The figure below shows a simple bottle opener made by fixing two screws into a piece of wood. z screw Y x bottle (a) What is meant by a simple machine? mW (b) Which of the points X, Y or Z is; (i) The pivot (ii) the effort [2] (c) Is the force applied at X less or greater than the force applied at Z? uy) (d) State one modification that should be made on the design of the bottle opener so that less effort is used to open the bottle. (y79.(a) Describe an experiment you would carry out to determine the density of an irregularly shaped object which floats on water, [5] (b) The figure below shows a uniform metre rule balance horizontal on a knife-edge placed at the 58.cm mark when a mass of 20g is suspended from the end. ~~ = 100em /\\ C220] (i) Find the mass of a metre rule. [2] (ii) What is the weight of the rule (Taking g = 10nvs")? 2 (c) A candle stand has a wide heavy base. Explain why the base has both heavy mass and wide area. na72.(a) What is meant by the Centre of mass of an objes ty) a ‘ f c , 34056 SUCCESS IN SCIENCE, PHYSICS VOLUME 4 (b) Explain why a minibus is more likely to topple over when the roof rack is heavily loaded than when the roof rack is empty Ww (c) A metre rule is supported on a knife-edge placed at the 40cm mark. It is found that the metre rule balances when a mass of 45g is suspended from the 15cm mark as shown below. o 15cm 40cm 400¢m a 459 Figure 2.1 If the Centre of mass of a metre rule is at the 52.5cm mark, calculate the mass of the metre rule 2]67. (a) The diagram shows a uniform metre rule of mass 120g suspended at its mid-point from a spring balance, which is calibrated in Newtons (N). A stone, suspended at the 20 cm mark, is balanced by a 100g mass suspended on the 60 cm mark, Assume g =10m/s* (a) Calculate the mass of the stone. 22) (b) Why does the mass of the metre rule play no part in the calculation in (a)? ) (©) What is the reading on the spring balance? 22) 19] Poge FOR QUERIES CONTACT 0974794056SUCCESS IN SCIENCE, PHYSICS VOLUME 4 | <—_ 2m ——> << 1m} What is the maxmum load the crane can safely lift? A. 200N B. 400N C. 600N D. 1000N12.A load is to be moving using a wheelbarrow. The total mass of the load and wheelbarrow is 60kg. the gravitational field strength is 1ON/kg ar — Nem —> + —— sem What is the size of force F needed just to lift the loaded wheelbarrow? A. 350N B. 430N C. 600N D. 840N6. Auniform plank of length 10cm is in equilibrium as shown in the figure below. Uniform A force of 1OON is applied at point A in the direction shown, What is the weight of the plank? A. SON B.100N CC. ISON, -200N