SUPERPRO DESIGNER. CASO BATCH.

El proceso inicia en un reactor calentado por vapor (vessel procedure in a reactor) donde ocurre la reacción
estequiométrica A+B  C, usando heptano como solvente. La reacción tiene una duración de 6 h, un 95%
de conversión y una temperatura final de 50°C; la mezcla reaccionante ocupa el 80% del volumen del
reactor. En el reactor, se emite al ambiente un 0,028% del heptano, del cual se alimentan 800 kg/batch a
razón de 100 L/min, con un tiempo de instalación de la carga de 5 minutos. Con respecto a los reactivos, se
tiene:
Tiempo de
Precio de Masa Velocidad de
Especie PM instalación de
compra ($/kg) (kg/batch) carga (kg/min)
la carga (min)
A 150 10 50 5 20
B 25 15 40 5 20
C 175 300
El producto a la salida del reactor se pasa por un filtro de platos (plate and frame fitration). La operación de
filtrado consta de tres etapas: el filtrado como tal, una operación de lavado y la operación de transferencia
del producto. Se tiene un filtrado del 95% del producto C y se utiliza un método de lavado LOD, con un 35%
de solubles. Con respecto al lavado, de tipo slurry, se utilizan 250 kg de heptano como solvente, con un
flujo de salida de la torta de 10 kg/min. ¿Cuál es el tiempo total de proceso? ¿Cuál es la concentración de
todas las corrientes de salida del proceso?
 PROCEDIMIENTO

1. Cargar componentes: cargar heptano y crear A, B y C.

2. Crear unidades: Reactor = vessel procedure in a reactor; filtro = plante and frame filtration.
3. Crear las corrientes de flujo:
 Reactor:
 Carga de heptano.
 Carga de A.
 Carga de B
 Venteo del reactor (superior).
 Salida del reactor al filtro (inferior flecha blanca a inferior flecha blanca).
 Filtro:
 Carga del solvente de lavado (superior)
 Salida de la torta (superior, flecha blanca).
 Dos salidas de filtrado (inferiores)
4. Click derecho en el reactor: “add/remove operations”.
 Tres cargas (heptano, A y B) + reacción estequiométrica + transfer-out = salida del equipo
hacia el filtro. Se pueden renombrar a conveniencia.
5. Click derecho nuevamente para editar una a una las operaciones involucradas.
6. Click derecho en el filtro: “add/remove operations”.
 Filtración + cake wash + transfer-out.
7. Click derecho nuevamente para editar una a una las operaciones involucradas
8. Simular.
9. Crear tabla de resultados en la parte inferior: “view””stream summary table”
10. Click derecho en la nueva sección: “edit contents” y seleccionar lo que se quiere visualizar
11. Generar diagrama de Gantt: “tasks” ”Gantt charts” ”operations GC”
In SuperPro Designer, the representation of a batch process model is loosely based on the ISA S-88 standards for batch
recipe representation [8]. A batch process model is in essence a batch recipe that describes how to make a certain
quantity of a specific product. The set of operations that comprise a processing step is called a “unit procedure” (as
opposed to a unit operation which is a term used for continuous processes). The individual tasks contained in a
procedure are called “operations.” A unit procedure is represented on the screen with a single equipment-like icon.
Figure 15.3 displays the dialog through which operations are added to a vessel unit procedure. On the left-hand side of
that dialog, the program displays the operations that are available in the context of a vessel procedure; on the right-
hand side, it displays the registered operations (Charge Quinaldine, Charge Chlorine, Charge Na2CO3, Agitate, etc.).
The two-level representation of operations in the context of unit procedures enables users to describe and model
batch processes in detail.

For every operation within a unit procedure, the simulator includes a mathematical model that performs material and
energy balance calculations. Based on the results of the material and energy balances, it then performs equipment-
sizing calculations. If multiple operations within a unit procedure dictate different sizes for a certain piece of
equipment, the software reconciles the different demands and selects an equipment size that is appropriate for all
operations. The equipment is sized so that it is large enough, and hence not overfilled during any operation, but it is
no larger than necessary (in order to minimize capital costs). If the equipment size is known and specified by the user,
which is the case when processes that utilize existing facilities are modeled, the simulator checks to make sure that
the vessel is not overfilled. In addition, the tool checks to ensure that the vessel contents do not fall below a user-
specified minimum volume (e.g., a minimum stirring volume) for applicable operations.

In addition to material balances, equipment sizing, and cycle time analysis, the simulator can be used to carry out cost-
of-goods analysis and project economic evaluation. The sections that follow present illustrative outputs of the above.

Having developed a good model using a process simulator, the user may begin experimenting on the simulator with
alternative process setups and operating conditions. This has the potential of reducing the costly and time-consuming
laboratory and pilot plant efforts. Of course, the GIGO (garbage-in, garbage-out) principle applies to all computer
models. If critical assumptions and input data are incorrect, the outcome of the simulation will be incorrect as well. A
certain level of model verification is therefore necessary after the development of a batch process model. In its
simplest form, a review of the results by an experienced engineer can play the role of verification.