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Ip A1 3

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sourav
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21 views3 pages

Ip A1 3

Uploaded by

sourav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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3a) Histogram a ° 3 so Ba » all laa. 3b) GL] NP] Px(x-as/MN | acL-lSPin) [Ns | Piao a a eC ae arte fe OOS eS See Ali an Spear oer ee Beams ee same sw fi eet PO a FERED aan eens ee Saas ssa hee Benet rasa arts tp —t Breseon es MXN= 16x 16 =256 (total number of pixels) L=16: gray levels, so L-1 =15 Given that rks the GL from table 10=0, r1=1, r2=2, ... so onr15=15. i) Skis given by the formula sk=(L-1)*ZPr(rk) and is calculated in the above table, 4th column. ii) probability density functions Pr(rk) probability density unctionsPa(sk) How a 30) Histogram after equalisation 0 0 0 20 0 ‘ | | onl 1 Di 2s es 87 eo NRW HS GL ator sovond oqualisaion 3d) Discrete histogram equalization is designed to enhance image contrast by redistributing intensity values, aiming to linearize the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the histogram. However, several challenges may prevent the achievement of a consistently flat histogram: 1. The method operates within the intensity range of the original image, potentially restricting the equalized histogram's range. 2. Unequal distribution of intensity values in the original image can hinder the effectiveness of histogram equalization in addressing this imbalance. 3, Saturation or clipping of intensity values during the equalization process may result in peaks or valleys in the equalized histogram. Despite its ability to enhance overall contrast, histogram equalization does not guarantee a perfectly flat histogram, particularly when dealing with local contrast enhancements. 3e) Executing a second iteration of histogram equalization on an image that has already undergone the process typically yields distinct results from the initial pass due to the following reasons: 1. Each iteration adjusts the histogram based on the previously equalized image, potentially causing further dispersion of intensity values. 2. While a second pass can amplify contrast, there is a potential for over-enhancement or the loss of detail in specific regions of the image. 3. Employing multiple iterations of histogram equalization may introduce computational overhead and the possibility of artifacts emerging in the image, as repeated stretching of intensity values occurs.

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