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Factors Prime Numbers

This document defines factors, primes, and composite numbers. It explains that a factor is a number that divides evenly into another number. A prime number has exactly two factors, 1 and itself. A composite number has more than two factors. The document provides examples of prime and composite numbers and teaches how to perform prime factorization by writing a composite number as the product of its prime factors using a factor tree.

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40 views30 pages

Factors Prime Numbers

This document defines factors, primes, and composite numbers. It explains that a factor is a number that divides evenly into another number. A prime number has exactly two factors, 1 and itself. A composite number has more than two factors. The document provides examples of prime and composite numbers and teaches how to perform prime factorization by writing a composite number as the product of its prime factors using a factor tree.

Uploaded by

vamshi4cs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Factors, Primes, and

Composite Numbers
Definition
• Product – An answer to a
multiplication problem.

7 x 8 = 56
Product
Definition
• Factor – a number that is
multiplied by another to give a
product.

7 x 8 = 56
Factors
Definition
• Factor – a number that divides
evenly into another.

56 ÷ 8 = 7
Factor
What are the factors?

6 x 7 = 42 6&7
7 x 9 = 63 7&9
8 x 6 = 48 8&6
4 x 9 = 36 4&9
What are the factors?

42 ÷ 7 = 6 7
63 ÷ 9 = 7 9
48 ÷ 6 = 8 6
36 ÷ 9 = 4 9
Definition
• Prime Number – a number that
has only two factors, itself and 1.

7
7 is prime because the only numbers
that will divide into it evenly are 1 and 7.
Examples of Prime Numbers

2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19


Special Note:
One is not a prime number.
Definition
• Composite number – a number
that has more than two factors.

8
The factors of 8 are 1, 2, 4, 8
Examples of Composite Numbers

4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15


Special Note:
Every whole number from 2 on is
either composite or prime.
Our Lonely 1
It is not prime It is not
because it does composite
not have exactly because it does
two different not have more
factors. than 2 factors.

Special Note:
One is not a prime nor
a composite number.
Definition
• Prime Factorization – A way to
write a composite number as the
product of prime factors.

2 x 2 x 3 = 12
or
2
2 x 3 = 12
How to Do Prime Factorization Using
a Factor Tree
Step 1 – Start with a composite number.
48
Step 2 – Write down a multiplication
problem that equals this number or
any pair of factors of this number.
6 x 8 = 48
How to Do Prime Factorization Using
a Factor Tree

Step 3 – Find factors of these factors.

6 x 8 = 48
2 x 3 x 2 x 4 = 48
How to Do Prime Factorization Using
a Factor Tree
Step 4 – Find factors of these numbers
until all factors are prime numbers.

6 x 8 = 48
2 x 3 x 2 x 4 = 48
2 x 3 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 48
How to Do Prime Factorization Using
a Factor Tree
Step 5 – Write the numbers from least
to greatest.

6 x 8 = 48
2 x 3 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 48
2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 48
How to Do Prime Factorization Using
a Factor Tree
Step 6 – Count how many numbers are
the same and write exponents for them.
6 x 8 = 48
2 x 3 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 48
2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 48
2 x 3 = 48
4
Prime factor this number
4
2x2=4
Prime factor this number
6
2x3=6
Prime factor this number
8
2x4=8
2x2x2=8
Prime factor this number
9
3x3=9
Prime factor this number
10
2 x 5 = 10
Prime factor this number
12
3 x 4 = 12
3 x 2 x 2 = 12
2 x2 2 x 3 = 12
2 x 3 = 12
Prime factor this number
14
2 x 7 = 14
Prime factor this number
15
3 x 5 = 15
Prime factor this number
16
4 x 4 = 16
2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 16
4
2 = 16
Prime factor this number
18
3 x 6 = 18
3 x 2 x 3 = 18
2 x 3 x 3 = 18
2
2 x 3 = 18
Prime factor this number
20
4 x 5 = 20
2 x 2 x 5 = 20
2
2 x 5 = 20
Prime factor this number
21
3 x 7 = 21
Prime factor this number
22
2 x 11 = 22

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