“HARI OM” “HARI OM”

SURESH DANI AND SONS CLASSES

CIRCLE

CIRCLE The equation of a circle with A (x1, y1) and B (x2, y2) as
the end points of the diameter of the circle is (x  x1) (x 
A circle is the set of all points in a plane which are at a x2) + (y  y1) (y  y2) = 0.
constant distance from a fixed point in the plane. This is the diameter form of the equation of a circle.
The fixed point is called the centre of the circle and the
constant distance is called the radius of the circle. GENERAL EQUATION OF A CIRCLE

STANDARD FORM OF A CIRCLE The general equation of a circle is x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c

= 0, if g2 + f2  c > 0.
If the equation x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 represents a
circle, then centre of the circle is at (g, f) and radius is
r  g 2  f 2  c.

If g2 + f2  c = 0, then the equation x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy +

c = 0 represents a point circle.

If g2 + f2  c < 0, then the equation x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy +

c = 0 represents an imaginary circle.
The equation of a circle with centre at the origin and
radius a is x2 + y2 = a2. The equation ax2 + ay2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0, a ≠ 0 also
This is the standard form of the equation of a circle.  g f
represents a circle with centre at   ,   and radius
 a a
CENTRE-RADIUS FORM OF A CIRCLE
g2 f 2 c
  .
a2 a2 a

The general equation of second degree ax2 + 2hxy + by2

+ 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 represents a circle if, a = b and h = 0.

PARAMETRIC FORM OF A CIRCLE

The equation of a circle with centre at point C (h, k) and

Parametric form of circle x2 + y2 = a2 is given by x = a
radius r is (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2.
cos  and y = a sin , where  is parameter such that 0 
This is the centre-radius form of the equation of a circle.
 < 360°.
 P ()  P (a cos , a sin )
DIAMETER FORM OF A CIRCLE
Parametric form of circle (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2 is given
by x = h + r cos  and y = k + r sin , where  is
parameter such that 0   < 2.
The coordinates of any point on circle (x  h)2 + (y  k)2
= r2 are (h + r cos , k + r sin ).

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TANGENT TO A CIRCLE Let P (x1, y1) be a point in the plane, outside the circle
and m be the slope of tangent from P to the circle,
When a line intersects a circle in coincident points, then
that line is called as a tangent of the circle and the point If m1 and m2 are the roots which are the slopes of two
of intersection is called point of contact. tangents, then
 2x y 
Sum of the roots = m1  m2    2 1 12 
THE EQUATION OF TANGENT TO A CIRCLE  x1  a 
 y2  a 2 
2 2 2 Product of the roots = m1m2    12 2 
The equation of the tangent to a circle x + y = a at  x1  a 
point P (x1, y1) is xx1 + yy1 = a2.

DIRECTOR CIRCLE
The equation of the tangent to a circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy
+ c = 0 at point P (x1, y1) is xx1 + yy1 + g(x + x1) + f(y +
y1) + c = 0.

To find the equation of the tangent to a circle x2 + y2 +

2gx + 2fy + c = 0 at point P (x1, y1), replace x2 by xx1, y2
by yy1, 2x by (x + x1) and 2y by (y + y1) in it.

The equation of the tangent to a circle x2 + y2 = a2 at

point P (a cos 1, a sin 1) is x cos 1 + y cos 1 = a.
The locus of the point of intersection of two
perpendicular tangents to a circle is called the director
CONDITION
circle.

A line y = mx + c is a tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 if

Director circle of the circle x2 + y2 = a2 is x2 + y2 = 2a2.
and only if c2 = a2 m2 + a2 and the point of contact is
 a 2m a 2 
 ,  Director circle is a concentric circle whose radius is 2
 c c  times the radius of the given circle.

The condition of tangency is c   a 2 m2  a 2 Director circle of the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 is

x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy  g2  f2 = 0.
There are two tangents with the same slope m,
y  mx  a 2 m2  a 2 , y  mx  a 2 m2  a 2 .

TANGENTS FROM A POINT TO THE CIRCLE

From any point outside the circle x2 + y2 = a2 and in the

same plane, two tangents can be drawn to the circle.

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS : (a) (a, b), r (b) (a, b), r

(c) (a, b), r (d) (a, b), r
1. The centre and radius of the circle x2 + y2 = 25 is
(a) (0, 0), 5 (b) (0, 0), 25 9. The centre and radius of the circle x = 3  4 sin ,
(c) (5, 5), 5 (d) (25, 25), 5 y = 2  4 cos  is
(a) (3, 2), 4 (b) (3, 2), 4
2. The centre and radius of the circle (x  5)2 + (y  (c) (3, 2), 4 (d) (3, 2), 4
3)2 = 20 is
(a) (5, 3), 20 (b) (5, 3), 20 10. The centre and radius of a circle represented by
(c) (5, 3), 2 5 (d) (5,  3), 2 5 x = 1 + 2 sin , y = 1 + 2 cos  is
(a) (1, 1), 2 (b) (1, 1), 2
3. The centre and radius of the circle (c) (1, 1), 2 (d) (1, 1), 2
2 2
 1  1 1
x   y   is
11. The equation of the circle with centre at origin and
 2  3  36
 1 1 1 1 1 1 radius 4 is
(a)   ,  , (b)  ,  ,
 2 3  36  2 3 36 (a) x2 + y2 = 4 (b) x2 + y2 = 16
 1 1 1 1 1 1 (c) x2 + y2 = 2 (d) x2 + y2 = 8
(c)   ,  , (d)  ,  ,
 2 3 6  2 3 6
12. The equation of the circle with centre at (3, 2)
4. The centre and radius of the circle and radius 6 is
x2 + y2  2x + 4y  4 = 0 is (a) x2 + y2 + 6x + 4y + 23 = 0
(a) (1, 2), 9 (b) (1, 2), 3 (b) x2 + y2  6x  4y + 23 = 0
(c) (1, 2), 9 (d) (1, 2), 3 (c) x2 + y2 + 6x + 4y  23 = 0
(d) x2 + y2  6x  4y  23 = 0
5. The centre and radius of the circle
x2 + y2  6x  8y  24 = 0 is 13. The equation of the circle with centre at (2, 3) and
(a) (3, 4), 7 (b) (3, 4), 7 touching x-axis is
(c) (3, 4), 7 (d) (3, 4), 7 (a) x2 + y2 + 4x  6y + 4 = 0
(b) x2 + y2  4x + 6y + 4 = 0
6. The centre and radius of the circle given by (c) x2 + y2  4x  by + 4 = 0
3x2 + 3y2 + 12x + 18y  11 = 0 is (d) x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y + 4 = 0
50 50
(a) (2,3) (b) (2, 3), 14. The equation of the circle with centre at (a, b) and
3 3
50 50 touching y-axis is
(c) (2,  3), (d) (2, 3), (a) x2 + y2 + 2ax + 2by + b2 = 0
3 3
(b) x2 + y2  2ax  2by + b2 = 0
7. The centre and radius of the circle (c) x2 + y2  2ax + 2by + b2 = 0
4x2 + 4y2  24x  8y  24 = 0 is (d) x2 + y2  2ax + 2by + b2 = 0
(a) (3, 1), 4 (b) (3, 1), 4
(c) (3, 1), 4 (d) (3, 1), 4 15. The equation of the circle with centre at (3, 3) and
touching y-axis at (0, 3) is
8. The centre and radius of a circle represented by (a) x2 + y2  6x + 6y + 18 = 0
x = a + r cos , y = b + r sin  is (b) x2 + y2  6x + 6y + 9 = 0

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(c) x2 + y2 + 6x  6y + 18 = 0 22. The equation of the circle whose centre is (3, 4)
(d) x2 + y2 + 6x  6y + 9 = 0 and which cuts off an intercept of length 6 on line
3x  4y  5 = 0 is
16. Equation of a circle which passes through (3, 6) (a) x2 + y2  6x  8y = 0
and touches the axes is (b) x2 + y2  6x + 8y = 0
(a) x2 + y2 + 6x + 6y + 3 = 0 (c) x2 + y2 + 6x  8y = 0
(b) x2 + y2  6x  6y  9 = 0 (d) x2 + y2 + 6x + 8y = 0
(c) x2 + y2  6x  6y + 9 = 0
(d) x2 + y2  6x + 6y  3 = 0 23. If the line 2x  y + 1 = 0 touches the circle at point
(2, 5) and the centre of the circle lies on the line
17. The equation of a circle with radius 4 units and x + y  9 = 0, then the equation of circle is
touching both the coordinate^axes having centre in (a) x2 + y2 + 12x + 6y + 25 = 0
third quadrant is (b) x2 + y2  12x  6y + 25 = 0
(a) x2 + y2  8x  8y + l6 = 0 (c) x2 + y2 + 12x  6y + 25 = 0
(b) x2 + y2  8x  8y + 32 = 0 (d) x2 + y2  12x + 6y + 25 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 + 8x + 8y + 16 = 0
(d) x2 + y2 + 8x + 8y + 32 = 0 24. The equation of the circle passing through the
point (2, 3) and touching the line 2x + 3y = 4 at
18. The equation of the circle with centre on the x-axis point (2, 0) is
and passing through the origin having radius 4 is (a) x2 + y2 + 6x + 3y + 8 = 0
(a) x2 + y2 ± 4x = 0 (b) x2 + y2 ± 8x = 0 (b) x2 + y2 + 6x  3y + 8 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 ± 2x = 0 (d) x2 + y2  16x = 0 (c) x2 + y2  6x + 3y + 8 = 0
(d) x2 + y2  6x  3y + 8 = 0
19. The equation of the circle with centre at (3, 3)
and passing through point (3, 6) is 25. The equation of the circle passing through point
(a) x2 + y2 + 6x + 6y + 9 = 0 (7, 3) with radius 3 units and whose centre lies on
(b) x2 + y2 + 6x  6y + 9 = 0 the line x  y  1 = 0 is
(c) x2 + y2  6x + 6y + 9 = 0 (a) x2 + y2 + 8x  6y + 16 = 0,
(d) x2 + y2  6x  6y + 9 = 0 x2 + y2 + 14x  12y + 76 = 0
(b) x2 + y2  8x + 6y + 16 = 0,
20. The equation of the circle with centre at (3, 1) and x2 + y2  14x + 12y + 76 = 0
passing through point (5, 2) is (c) x2 + y2  8x  6y + l6 = 0,
(a) x2 + y2  6x + 2y  55 = 0 x2 + y2  14x  12y + 76 = 0
(b) x2 + y2  6x + 2y + 55 = 0 (d) x2 + y2 + 8x + 6y + 16 = 0,
(c) x2 + y2 + 6x  2y  55 = 0 x2 + y2 + 14x + 12y + 76 = 0
(d) x2 + y2 + 6x  2y + 55 = 0
26. The equation of a circle passing through the points
21. The equation of the circle with centre at (3, 1) and (1, 4) and (5, 2) and having its centre on the line
touching the line 8x  15y + 25 = 0 is x  2y + 9 = 0 is
(a) x2 + y2 + 6x  2y + 6 = 0 (a) x2 + y2 + 6x + 6y  47 = 0
(b) x2 + y2  6x + 2y + 6 = 0 (b) x2 + y2  6x + 6y  47 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 + 6x + 2y + 6 = 0 (c) x2 + y2 + 6x + 6y  47 = 0
(d) x2 + y2  6x  2y + 6 = 0 (d) x2 + y2 + 6x  6y  47 = 0

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27. The equation of a circle with origin as centre and 33. The equation of the circle with A (2, 3) and
passing through the vertices of an equilateral B (3, 5) as end points of a diameter is
triangle whose median is of length 3a is (a) x2 + y2 + x  2y  21 = 0
(a) x2 + y2 = 9a2 (b) x2 + y2 = 16a2 (b) x2 + y2  x + 2y  21 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 = 4a2 (d) x2 + y2 = a2 (c) x2 + y2  x  2y  21 = 0
(d) x2 + y2 + x + 2y  21 = 0
28. Area of the circle with centre at (1, 2) passing
through (4, 6) is 34. The equation of the circle, the end points of whose
(a) 5  (b) 10  diameter are the centres of the circles
(c) 25  (d) 100  x2 + y2 + 6x  14y  1 = 0 and
x2 + y2  4x + 10y  2 = 0 is
29. If the lines 3x  4y + 4 = 0 and 6x  8y  7 = 0 are (a) x2 + y2  x  2y  41 = 0
tangents to a circle, then the radius of the circle is (b) x2 + y2 + x  2y  41 = 0
(a)
3
(b)
4 (c) x2 + y2  x + 2y  41 = 0
4 3 (d) x2 + y2 + x + 2y  41 = 0
1 7
(c) (d)
4 4
35. If y = 2x is the chord of the circle
x2 + y2  10x = 0, then the equation of the circle
30. For the circle of radius of 9, if the equations of its
with this chord as diameter is
two diameters are 2x + y = 6 and 3x + 2y = 4, then
(a) x2 + y2  2x  4y = 0
the equation of the circle is
(b) x2 + y2 + 2x  4y = 0
(a) x2 + y2 + 16x + 20y + 83 = 0
(c) x2 + y2  2x + 4y = 0
(b) x2 + y2  16x  20y + 83 = 0
(d) x2 + y2 + 2x + 4y = 0
(c) x2 + y2  16x + 20y + 83 = 0
(d) x2 + y2 + 16x  20y + 83 = 0
36. The line 2x  y + 6 = 0 meets the circle
x2 + y2 + 10x + 9 = 0 at A and B. The equation of
31. If the lines 2x  3y = 5 and 3x  4y = 7 are the
circle on AB as diameter is
diameters of a circle of area 154 sq. units, then the
(a) 5x2 + 5y2 + 34x  8y  3 = 0
equation of the circle is
(b) 5x2 + 5y2 + 34x + 8y  3 = 0
(a) x2 + y2  2x + 2y = 40
(c) 5x2 + 5y2  34x + 8y  3 = 0
(b) x2 + y2  2x  2y = 47
(d) 5x2 + 5y2  34x  8y  3 = 0
(c) x2 + y2  2x + 2y = 47
(d) x2 + y2  2x  2y = 40
37. The equation of circle passing through the origin
and having intercepts 4 and 5 on the coordinate
32. The equation of circle passing through the point of
axes is
intersection of the lines x + 3y = 0 and 2x  7y = 0
(a) x2 + y2 + 4x  5y = 0
and whose centre is the point of intersection of
(b) x2 + y2  4x + 5y = 0
lines x + y + 1 = 0, x  2y + 4 = 0 is
(c) x2 + y2  4x  5y = 0
(a) x2 + y2  4x + 2y = 0
(d) x2 + y2 + 4x + 5y = 0
(b) x2 + y2  2x + 4y = 0
(c) x2 + y2 + 4x  2y = 0
38. The sides of a rectangle are given by x = ± a and
(d) x2 + y2 + 2x  4y = 0
y = ± b. The equation of the circle passing through
the vertices of the rectangle is

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(a) x2 + y2 = a2 44. The equation of the circle which passes through the
(b) x2 + y2 = a2 + b2 centre of circle x2 + y2 + 8x + 10y  7 = 0 and is
(c) x2 + y2 = a2  b2 concentric with circle 2x2 + 2y2  8x  12y  9 = 0
(d) (x  a)2 + (y  b)2 = a2 + b2 is
(a) x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y  87 = 0
39. The equation of the circle concentric with the (b) x2 + y2 + 4x  6y  87 = 0
circle 2x2 + 2y2 + 8x + l0y  39 = 0 and having its (c) x2 + y2  4x + 6y  87 = 0
area 16 sq.units is (d) x2 + y2  4x  6y  87 = 0
(a) 4x2 + 4y2  16x  20y  23 = 0
(b) 4x2 + 4y2  16x + 20y  23 = 0 45. The length of x-intercept made on the coordinate
(c) 4x2 + 4y2 + 16x  20y  23 = 0 axes, by the circle x2 + y2  8x + y  20 = 0 is
(d) 4x2 + 4y2 + 16x + 20y  23 = 0 (a) 12 (b) 8
(c) 1 (d) 9
40. The equation of the circle concentric with the
circle 2x2 + 2y2  6x + 8y + 1 = 0 and double its 46. The length of y-intercept made on the coordinate
area is axes, by the circle x2 + y2  8x + y  20 = 0 is
(a) 4x2 + 4y2 + 12x + 16y  21 = 0 (a) 12 (b) 8
(b) 4x2 + 4y2 + 12x  16y  21 = 0 (c) 1 (d) 9
(c) 4x2 + 4y2  12x + 16y  21 = 0
(d) 4x2 + 4y2  12x  16y  21 = 0 47. The equation of the circle, passing through the
points (5, 6), (1, 2) and (3, 4) is
41. The equation of the circle concentric with the (a) x2 + y2  22x  4y + 25 = 0
circle x2 + y2  4x + 6y  3 = 0 and which touches (b) x2 + y2 + 22x + 4y + 25 = 0
y-axis is (c) x2 + y2  11x  2y + 25 = 0
(a) x2 + y2  4x + 6y + 9 = 0 (d) x2 + y2 + 11x + 2y + 25 = 0
(b) x2 + y2 + 4x  6y + 9 = 0
(c) x2 + y2  4x  6y + 9 = 0 48. If a circle passes through the points (0, 0), (a, 0)
(d) x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y + 9 = 0 and (0, b), then the coordinates of its centre are
 a b a b
(a)   ,   (b)  ,  
42. The equation of the circle concentric with the  2 2 2 2
circle x2 + y2  8x  12y + 15 = 0 and passing  a b a b
(c)   ,  (d)  , 
through point (5, 4) is  2 2 2 2
(a) x2 + y2 + 8x + 12y + 47 = 0
(b) x2 + y2  8x  12y + 47 = 0 49. If the points (3, 2), (1, 0), (1, 2) and (1, 4) are
(c) x2 + y2  8x + 12y + 47 = 0 concyclic, then the centre of the circle is
(d) x2 + y2 + 8x  12y + 47 = 0 (a) (1, 2) (b) (1, 2)
(c) (1, 2) (d) (1, 2)
43. If the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 passes
through point (4, 2) and concentric with the circle 50. If the points (3, 2), (1, 0), (1, 2) and (1, 4) are
x2 + y2  2x + 4y + 20 = 0, then c = concyclic, then the radius of the circle is
(a) 4 (b) 20 (a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 4 (d) 20 (c) 1 (d) 16

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51. The parametric equations of the circle x2 + y2 = 9 57. If  is a parameter, then the equations
are x = a cos  + b sin , y = a sin   b cos 
(a) x = 9 cos , y = 9 sin  represents the circle
(b) 9x = cos , 9y = sin  (a) x2 + y2 = a  b (b) x2 + y2 = a + b
(c) x = 3 cos , y = 3sin  (c) x2 + y2 = a2  b2 (d) x2 + y2 = a2 + b2
(d) 3x = cos , 3y = sin 
2at a  at 2
58. The equations x  , y  , where a is a
52. The parametric representation of the circle 1 t2 1 t2
(x  3)2 + (y + a)2 = 25 is constant and 1  t  1 represents the circle
(a) x = 3 + 5 cos , y = 4 + 5 sin  (a) x2 + y2 = a (b) x2 + y2 = t
(b) x = 3 + 5 cos , y = 4 + 5 sin  (c) x2 + y2 = a2 (d) x2 + y2 = t2
(c) x = 3 + 5 cos , y = 4 + 5 sin 
(d) x = 3 + 5 cos , y = 4 + 5 sin   1 t2  4at
59. The equations x  2x  2 
, y , where a
1 t  1 t2
53. The parametric equations of the circle is a constant and 1  t  1 represents a circle of
x2 + y2 + 2x  4y  4 = 0 are radius
(a) x = 1 + 3 cos , y = 2 + 3 sin  (a) a2 (b) 4a2
(b) x = 1 + 3 cos , y = 2 + 3 sin  (c) a (d) 2a
(c) x = 1 + 3 cos , y = 2 + 3 sin 
(d) x = 1 + 3 cos , y = 2 + 3 sin  60. The equation of the tangent to circle x2 + y2 = 5 at
the point (1, 2) on it is
54. The parametric equations of the circle (a) x + 2y + 5 = 0 (b) x  2y  5 = 0
x2 + y2 + mx + my = 0 are (c) x + 2y  5 = 0 (d) x  2y + 5 = 0
m m m m
(a) x    cos , y    sin 
2 2 2 2 61. The tangents to the circle x2 + y2 = 169 at A (5, 12)
m m m m and B (12, 5) are
(b) x    cos , y   sin 
2 2 2 2 (a) parallel (b) coincident
(c) x = 0, y = 0 (c) perpendicular (d) none of these
(d) x = m cos , y = m sin 
62. The equation of the tangent to the circle
55. The parametric equations of the circle x2 + y2  2y = 0 at the point (1, 1) is
3x2 + 3y2  4x + 6y  4 = 0 are (a) x  1 = 0 (b) x + 1 = 0
(a) 3x = 2 + 5 cos , 3y = 3 + 5 sin  (c) y  1 = 0 (d) y + 1 = 0
(b) 3x = 2 + 5 cos , 3y = 3 + 5 sin 
(c) 3x = 2 + 5 cos , 3y = - 3 + 5 sin  63. The equation of the tangent to the circle
(d) 3x = 2 + 5 cos , 3y = 3 + 5 sin  x2 + y2  3x + 2y = 0 at the origin is
(a) 2x – 3y = 0 (b) 2x + 3y = 0
56. For all values of , the point P (x, y), where (c) 3x  2y = 0 (d) 3x + 2y = 0
x = 5 cos , y = 3 + 5 sin  represents the circle
(a) x2 + (y + 3)2 = 5 (b) x2 + (y  3)2 = 5 64. The equation of the tangent to the circle
(c) x2 + (y + 3)2 = 25 (d) x2 + (y  3)2 = 25 x2 + y2  4x  6y  12 = 0 at the point (1, 1) is
(a) 3x  4y  7 = 0 (b) 3x + 4y  7 = 0
(c) 3x  4y + 7 = 0 (d) 3x + 4y + 7 = 0

90 Circle
 SURESH DANI AND SONS CLASSES

65. The equation of tangent to circle x = 5 cos  y = 5 71. If the tangent at (3, 4) to the circle x2 + y2 = 25
 touches the circle x2 + y2 + 8x  4y + c = 0, then
sin , at the point  on it is
3 c=
(a) x  3y  10  0 (b) x  3y  10  0 (a)  61 (b) 61
(c) x  3y  10  0 (d) x  3y  10  0 (c)  101 (d) 101

66. The equation of the tangent to the circle 72. The length of the tangent from the point (2, 6) to
 2  the circle x2 + y2 = 25 is
x2 + y2 = 64 at the point P   is
 3  (a) 13 (b) 15
(a) x  3y  16  0 (b) x  3y  16  0 (c) 3 (d) 3
(c) x  3y  16  0 (d) x  3y  16  0
73. The length of tfie tangent segment to the circle
x2 + y2 + 2bx  3b2 = 0 from the point (a + b, a  b)
67. The line 3x  4y + 15 = 0 touches the circle
is
x2 + y2 = 9 at point
 9 12   9 12  (a) a 2  ab  b2 (b) 2a 2  2ab  b2
(a)   ,   (b)  , 
 5 5 5 5  (c) (a  b)2 (d) 2a 2  2ab  2b2
 9 12   9 12 
(c)  ,   (d)  , 
5 5  5 5 74. If the length of the tangent segment drawn from the
point (8, 3) to the circle
68. If the line x  y  2  2 is a tangent to the circle x2 + y2  2x + ky  23 = 0 is 10 , then k =
x2 + y2  2x  2y + 1 = 0, then the point of contact (a) 8 (b) 8
is (c) 24 (d)  24
(a) (2  2, 2  2)
(b) ( 2, 2  2) 75. Equation of the tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = 10
2 2 2 2  which is inclined at 60° with the x-axis is
(c)  ,  (a) y  3x  2 10 (b) y  3x  10
 2 2 
2 2 2 2  (c) y   3x  2 10 (d) y   3x  10
(d)  , 
 2 2 
76. The equations of the tangents to the circle
x2 + y2 = 16 with slope 2 are
69. If the line 2x + y + 6 = 0 is tangent to the circle
(a) 2x  y  2 5  0 (b) 2x  y  2 5  0
x2 + y2 + 2x  2y  3 = 0, then the point of contact
(c) 2x  y  4 5  0 (d) 2x  y  4 5  0
is
(a) (2, 2) (b) (3, 0)
(c) (1, 4) (d) (3, 9) 77. The equations of the tangents to the circle
x2 + y2 = 4 which are parallel to 3x + 2y + 1 = 0 are
70. A pair of tangents are drawn to a unit circle with (a) 3x  2y  2 13  0
centre at the origin and these tangents intersect at (b) 3x  2y  2 13  0
A enclosing an angle of 60°. The area enclosed by (c) 2x  3y  2 13  0
these tangents and the arc of the circle is (d) 2x  3y  2 13
2  
(a)  (b) 3
3 6 3
78. The equations of the tangents to the circle
 3   x2 + y2 = 36 which are perpendicular to the line
(c)  (d) 3 1  
3 6  6 5x + y = 2 are

Circle 91
 SURESH DANI AND SONS CLASSES

(a) x  5y  6 26  0 85. Tangents to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 with inclinations

(b) x  5y  6 26  0 1 and 2 intersect in P. The locus of P such that
(c) x  5y  26  0 cot 1 + cot 2 = 5 is
(a) 5y2 + 2xy  5a2 = 0
(d) x  5y  26  0
(b) 5y2  2xy + 5a2 = 0
(c) 5y2 + 2xy + 5a2 = 0
79. The equations of the tangents to the circle
(d) 5y2  2xy  5a2 = 0
x2 + y2  2x + 8y  23 = 0 having slope 3 are
(a) 3x + y + 13 = 0, 3x + y  27 = 0
86. Tangents to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 with inclinations
(b) 3x  y + 13 = 0, 3x + y  27 = 0
1 and 2 intersect in P. The locus of P such that
(c) 3x + y + 13 = 0, 3x  y  27 = 0
cot 1 cot 2 = c is
(d) 3x  y + 13 = 0, 3x  y  27 = 0
(a) c (y2  a2) = x2  a2
(b) c (y2 + a2) = x2  a2
80. The equation of locus of the point of intersection of
(c) c (y2  a2) = x2 + a2
perpendicular tangents drawn to the circle
(d) c (y2 + a2) = x2 + a2
x = 5 cos  and y = 5 sin  is
(a) x2 + y2 = 10 (b) x2 + y2 = 5
87. Which of the following is true ?
(c) x2 + y2 = 50 (d) x2 + y2 = 25
(a) The circles x2 + y2  4x  4y  28 = 0 and
x2 + y2  4x  12 = 0 neither touch each
81. The equation of the locus of a point, the tangents
other nor intersect.
from which to the circle x2 + y2 = 9 are at right
(b) The circles x2 + y2  4x  4y  28 = 0 and
angle is
x2 + y2  4x  12 = 0 intersect each other.
(a) x2 + y2 = 3 (b) x2 + y2 = 9
(c) The circles x2 + y2  4x  4y  28 = 0 and
(c) x2 + y2 = 18 (d) x2 + y2 = 36
x2 + y2  4x  12 = 0 touch each other
internally.
82. Equation of the director circle of the circle
(d) The circles x2 + y2  4x  4y  28 = 0 and
4x2 + 4y2 = 25 is
x2 + y2  4x  12 = 0 touch each other
(a) 2x2 + 2y2 = 25 (b) 4x2 + 4y2 = 50
externally.
(c) x2 + y2 = 50 (d) x2 + y2 = 5

88. If the circles x2 + y2  4x  4y  28 = 0 and

83. Equation of the director circle of the circle
x2 + y2  4x  12 = 0 touch each other internally,
x2 + y2 + 4x  6y  3 = 0 is
then the point of contact is
(a) x2 + y2  4x  6y  16 = 0
(a) (2, 4) (b) (2, 4)
(b) x2 + y2  4x  6y  9 = 0
(c) (2, 4) (d) (2, 4)
(c) x2 + y2  4x  6y  13 = 0
(d) x2 + y2  4x  6y  4 = 0
89. The equation of the common tangent to the circles
x2 + y2  4x  4y  28 = 0 and
84. Tangents to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 with inclinations
x2 + y2  4x  12 = 0 is
1 and 2 intersect in P. The locus of P such that
(a) y + 4 = 0 (b) y  4 = 0
tan 1 + tan 2 = 0 is
(c) y + 2 = 0 (d) y  2 = 0
(a) xy = a (b) xy = 0
(c) x  y = a (d) x + y = a

92 Circle
 SURESH DANI AND SONS CLASSES

90. If the circles x2 + y2  4x  4y  28 = 0 and (b) The circles x2 + y2  4x  10y + 19 = 0 and

x2 + y2  4x  12 = 0 touch each other internally, x2 + y2 + 2x + 8y  23 = 0 touch each other
then the number of the common tangents are internally.
(a) four (b) zero (c) The circles x2 + y2  4x  10y + 19 = 0 and
(c) three (d) one x2 + y2 + 2x + 8y  23 = 0 intersect each
other.
91. Which of the following is true ? (d) The circles x2 + y2  4x  10y + 19 = 0 and
(a) The circles x2 + y2  4x + 10y + 20 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 2x + 8y  23 = 0 neither touch each
x2 + y2 + 8x  6y  24 = 0 touch each other other nor intersect.
internally.
(b) The circles x2 + y2  4x + 10y + 20 = 0 and 96. If the circles x2 + y2  4x  10y + 19 = 0 and
x2 + y2 + 8x  6y  24 = 0 touch each other x2 + y2 + 2x + 8y  23 = 0 touch each other
externally. externally, then the point of contact is
(c) The circles x2 + y2  4x + 10y + 20 = 0 and (a) (1, 2) (b) (1, 2)
x2 + y2 + 8x  6y  24 = 0 intersect each (c) (1, 2) (d) (1, 2)
other.
(d) The circles x2 + y2  4x + 10y + 20 = 0 and 97. The equation of the common tangent to the circles
x2 + y2 + 8x  6y  24 = 0 neither touch each x2 + y2  4x  10y + 19 = 0 and
other nor intersect. x2 + y2 + 2x + 8y  23 = 0 is
(a) x + 3y + 7 = 0 (b) x + 3y  7 = 0
92. If the circles x2 + y2  4x + 10y + 20 = 0 and (c) x  3y + 7 = 0 (d) x  3y  7 = 0
x2 + y2 + 8x  6y  24 = 0 touch each other
externally, then the point of contact is 98. If the circles x2 + y2  4x  10y + 19 = 0 and
 1 13   1 13  x2 + y2 + 2x + 8y  23 = 0 touch each other
(a)   ,   (b)  , 
 5 5 5 5  externally, then the number of the common
 1 13   1 13  tangents are
(c)  ,   (d)   , 
5 5  5 5 (a) zero (b) one
(c) three (d) four
93. The equation of the common tangent to the circles
x2 + y2  4x + 10y + 20 = 0 and 99. The number of common tangents drawn to circles
x2 + y2 + 8x  6y  24 = 0 is x2 + y2  2x + 6y + 6 = 0 and
(a) 3x  4y  11 = 0 (b) 3x + 4y + 11 = 0 x2 + y2  5x + 6y + 15 = 0 are
(c) 3x  4y + 11 = 0 (d) 3x + 4y  11 = 0 (a) two (b) three
(c) four (d) one
94. If the circles x2 + y2  4x + 10y + 20 = 0 and
x2 + y2 + 8x  6y  24 touch each other externally, 100. The circle S1 with centre (a1, b1) and radius r1 touch
then the number of the common tangents are externally to the circle S2 with centre (a2, b2) and
(a) one (b) four radius r2. If the tangent at their common point
(c) zero (d) three passes through the origin, then
(a) (a12  a 22 )  (b12  b22 )  r12  r22
95. Which of the following is true ? (b) (a12  a 22 )  (b12  b22 )  r12  r22
(a) The circles x2 + y2  4x  10y + 19 = 0 and (c) (a12  b12 )  (b22  b22 )  r12  r22
x2 + y2 + 2x + 8y  23 = 0 touch each other (d) (a12  a 22 )  (b12  b22 )  r12  r22
externally.

Circle 93
 SURESH DANI AND SONS CLASSES

ANSWERS SOLUTIONS :

1 A 2 C 3 D 4 D 5 A 1. Circle x2 + y2 = 25 is in standard form.

6 C 7 C 8 B 9 D 10 C Here a2 = 25  a = 5
11 B 12 C 13 A 14 B 15 D  Centre is (0, 0) and radius = 5

16 C 17 C 18 B 19 A 20 C
2. Circle (x  5)2 + (y  3)2 = 20 is in centre-radius
21 D 22 B 23 B 24 D 25 C
form.
26 D 27 C 28 C 29 A 30 C  h = 5, k = 3, r2 = 20  r  2 5
31 C 32 C 33 A 34 B 35 A  Centre is C (h, k) = C (5, 3) and radius = 2 5
36 B 37 B 38 B 39 D 40 C
2 2
41 A 42 B 43 C 44 D 45 A  1  1 1
3. Circle  x     y    is in centre-radius
46 D 47 A 48 D 49 D 50 A  2  3  36

51 C 52 B 53 D 54 A 55 C form.
1 1 1 1
56 C 57 D 58 C 59 D 60 B  h  , k   , r2   r
2 3 36 6
61 C 62 B 63 C 64 D 65 D 1 1 1
 Centre is C(h, k)  C  ,   and radius =
66 A 67 D 68 C 69 B 70 B  2 3 6
71 A 72 B 73 B 74 A 75 A
76 C 77 B 78 A 79 D 80 C 4. Given circle is x2 + y2  2x + 4y  4 = 0
Here 2g =  2, 2f = 4, c =  4
81 C 82 A 83 C 84 B 85 D
 g = 1, f = 2, c =  4
86 A 87 C 88 B 89 A 90 D
 Centre is C ( g,  f)  C (1,  2) and
91 B 92 C 93 A 94 D 95 A
Radius = g 2  f 2  c  (1)2  (2)2  (4)
96 D 97 B 98 C 99 D 100 B
= 1 4  4  9  3

5. Given circle is x2 + y2  6x  8y  24 = 0
Here 2g =  6, 2f =  8, c =  24
 g =  3,.f =  4, c =  24
 Centre is C ( g,  f)  C (3, 4) and
Radius = g 2  f 2  c  (3)2  (4)2  (24)
= 9  16  24  49  7

6. Given circle is 3x2 + 3y2 + 12x + 18y  11 = 0

11
 x 2  y2  4x  6y   0
3
11
Here 2g = 4, 2f = 6, c  
3
11
 g = 2, f = 3, c  
3
 Centre is C ( g,  f)  C ( 2,  3) and
 11 
Radius = g 2  f 2  c  (2)2  (3)2    
 3

94 Circle
 SURESH DANI AND SONS CLASSES

11 50  Radius of circle = r = | 3 | = 3
= 49 
3 3 Equation of circle is (x  h)2 + (y  3)2 = r2
 (x + 2)2 + (y  3)2 = 32  x2 + 4x + 4 + y2  6y + 9
7. Given circle is 4x + 4y  24x  8y  24 = 0
2 2
=9
 x2 + y2  6x  2y  6 = 0  x2 + y2 + 4x  6y + 4 = 0
Here 2g =  6, 2f =  2, c =  6
 g =  3, f =  1 c =  6 14. Centre is C (h, k)  C (a, b)
 Centre is C ( g,  f) = C (3, 1) and Circle touches y-axis at (0, b).
Radius = g 2  f 2  c  (3)2  (1)2  (6) Radius of circle = r = | a | = a
Equation of circle is (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2
= 9  1  6  16  4
 (x  a)2 + (y  b)2 = a2  x2  2ax + a2 + y2  2by
+ b2 = a 2
8. Given x = a + r cos , y  b + r sin 
 x2 + y2  2ax  2by + b2 = 0
 x  a = r cos , y  b = r sin 
Squaring and adding, we get
15. Centre is C (h, k)  C ( 3, 3)
(x  a)2 + (y  b)2 = r2 cos2  + r2 sin2 
Circle touches y-axis at (0, 3).
= r2 (cos2  + sin2 ) = r2 (1) = r2
Radius of circle = r = |  3 | = 3
 Centre is at (a, (b) and radius = r
Equation of circle is (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2
 (x + 3)2 + (y  3)2 = 32  x2 + 6x + 9 + y2  6y + 9
9. Given x = 3  4 sin , y = 2  4 cos 
=9
 x  3 =  4 sin , y  2 =  4 cos 
 x2 + y2 + 6x  6y + 9 = 0
Squaring and adding these, we get
(x  3)2 + (y  2)2 = ( 4 sin )2 + ( 4 cos )2
16. Circle touches both the axes.
= 16 sin2  + 16 cos2  = 16 (sin2  + cos2 )
Let the circle be (x  r)2 + (y  r)2 = r2
= 16 (1) = 16 = 42
This circle pass through the point P (3, 6).
 Centre is at (3, 2) and radius = 4
 (3  r) + (6  r)2 = r2
 9  6r + r2 + 36  12r + r2 = r2
10. Given x =  1 + 2 sin , y = 1 + 2 cos 
 r2  18r + 45 = 0 (r  3) (r  15) = 0 r = 3,15
x + 1 = 2 sin , y  1 = 2 cos 
If r = 3, the equation of circle is
Squaring and adding, we get
(x  3)2 + (y  3)2 = 32  x2  6x + 9 + y2  6y + 9
(x + 1)2 + (y  1)2 = 4 sin2  + 4 cos2 
=9
= 4 (sin2  + cos2 ) = 4 (1) = 4 = 22
 x2 + y2  6x  6y + 9 = 0
 Centre is at ( 1, 1) and radius = 2

17. Radius of circle is r = 4

11. Here a = 4 and centre is at origin.
Circle touches both the coordinate axes having
Equation of circle is x2 + y2 = a2
centre in third quadrant.
 x2 + y2 = 42  x2 + y2 = 16
 Centre is C (h, k)  C ( 4,  4)
Equation of circle is (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2
12. Here C (h, k)  C ( 3,  2), r = 6
 (x + 4)2 + (y + 4)2 =  42
Equation of circle is (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2
 x2 + 8x + 16 + y2 + 8y + 16 = 16
 (a + 3)2 + (y + 2)2 = 62  x2 + 6x + 9 + y2 + 4y + 4
 x2 + y2 + 8x + 8y + 16 = 0
= 36
 x2 + y2 + 6x + 4y  23 = 0
18. Here Radius = r = 4
Circle passes through the origin.
13. Centre is C (h, k)  C ( 2, 3)
Centre of circle is on the x-axis.
Circle touches x-axis at ( 2, 3).

Circle 95
 SURESH DANI AND SONS CLASSES

 Circle touches the y-axis at origin. 22. Centre is C (h, k)  C (3,  4)

 Centre is C (h, k)  C (± 4, 0) Let AB be the chord cut off by the circle on the
Equation of circle is (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2 line 3x  4y  5 = 0, then AB = 6.
 (x ± 4)2 + (y  0)2 = 42  x2 ± 8x + 16 + y2 = 16
 x2 + y2 ± 8x = 0

19. Centre is C (h, k)  C (3, 3)

Circle passes through point P ( 3,  6).
 r  CP  (3  3)2  (6  3)2

 0  (3)2  0  9 CM  AB, then M is the mid point of AB.

= 9 3  AM = 3
Equation of circle is (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2  CM = Length of perpendicular from C on the line
 (x + 3)2 + (y + 3)2 = 32 3x  4y  5 = 0
 x2 + 6x + 9 + y2 + 6y + 9 = 9
3(3)  4(4)  5 9  16  5 20 20
 x2 + y2 + 6x + 6y + 9  0    4
(3)  (4) 2 9  16 25 5

20. Centre is C (h, k)  C ( 3, 1)  CA2 = CM2 + AM2 = (4)2 + (3)2 = 16 + 9 = 25

Circle passes through point P (5, 2).  CA = Radius = r = 5
Equation of circle is (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2
 r  CP  (5  3)2  (2  3)2
 (x  3)2 + (y + 4)2 = 52
 (8)2  (1)2  64  1  x2  6x + 9 + y2 + 8y +16 = 25
= 65  x2 + y2  6x + 8y = 0
Equation of circle is (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2

 
2 23. Let C (h, k) be the centre of the circle which lies on
 (x + 3)2 + (y  1)2 = 65
the line x + y = 9
 x2 + 6x + 9 + y2  2y + 1 = 65  h+k=9
 x2 + y2 + 6x  2y  55 = 0 ...(i)
Let the line 2x  y + 1 = 0 touches the circle at
21. Given line is 8x  15y + 25 = 0 ... (i)point
Centre is C (h, k)  C (3, 1) M (2, 5), then CM is perpendicular to the line
Let the line (i) touch the circle at point P. 2x  y + 1 = 0
 r = CP = Length of perpendicular from C on line  (Slope of CM) (Slope of line 2x  y + l = 0) =  l
(i)  k  5  2 
| 8(3)  15(1)  25 | | 24  15  25 | | 34 | 34       1
=     h  2  1 
82  (15)2 64  225 289 17
 2k  10 =  h + 2
=2  h + 2k = 12
Equation of circle is (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2 …(ii)
 (x  3)2 + (y  1)2 = 22 By (i)  (ii), we get
 x2  6x + 9 + y2  2y + 1 = 4 h + k  h  2k = 9  12   k =  3  k = 3
 x2 + y2  6x  2y + 6 = 0 From (i), we get
h+3=9h=6
 (h, k)  C (6, 3) and

96 Circle
 SURESH DANI AND SONS CLASSES

r  CM  (6  2)2  (3  5)2 (k + 1  7)2 + (k  3)2 = 9  (k  6)2 + (k  3)2 = 9

 k2  12k + 36 + k2  6k + 9 = 9
 42  (2)2  16  4  2k2  18k + 36 = 0
= 20  k2  9k + 18 = 0  (k  3) (k  6) = 0
Equation of circle is (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2  k = 3 or k = 6
 
2
 (x  6)2 + (y  3)2 = 20 From (i), we get
k = 3  h = 3 + 1 = 4 and k = 6  h = 6 + 1 = 7
 x2  12x + 36 + y2  6y + 9 = 20
 Centres of required circle are
 x2 + y2  12x  6y + 25 = 0
C (h, k)  C (4, 3)  C (7, 6)
 Equation of circle with centre C (4, 3) is
24. Let C (h, k) be the centre of the circle.
(x  4)2 + (y  3)2 = 32
Let the circle passes through point A (2, 3).
 x2  8x + 16 + y2  6y + 9 = 9
Let the line 2x + 3y = 4 touches the circle at the
 x2 + y2  8x  6y + 16 = 0
point B (2, 0)
 Equation of circle with centre C (7, 6) is
 CA  CB  CA2 = CB2
(x  7)2 + (y  6)2 = 32
 (h  2)2 + (k  3)2 = (h  2)2 + (k  0)2
 x2 + 14x  49 + y2  12y + 36 = 9
3
 k2  6k + 9 = k2   6k =  9  k   x2 + y2  14x  12y + 76 = 0
2
CB is perpendicular to the line 2x + 3y  4 = 0.
26. Let C (h, k) be the centre of the circle which lies on
 (Slope of CB) (Slope of line 2x + 3y  4 = 0) =  1
the line x  2y + 9 = 0.
 k  0  2 
      1  h  2k + 9 = 0 ...(ii)
 h  2  3 
Circle passes through points A (1,  4) and
3
 2k = 3h  6  2    3h  6 B (5, 2).
2
 CA = CB  CA2 = CB2
 3 + 6 = 3h  9 = 3h  h = 3
 (h  1)2 + (k + 4)2 = (h  5)2 + (k  2)2
 3
 C  h, k   C  3,  and  h2  2h + 1 + k2 + 8k + 16
 2
= h2  10h + 25 + k2  4k + 4
2
3   8h + 12k  12 = 0 …(iii)
r  CB  (3  02    0 
2  By 3  (i) + 2  (ii), we get
23
2
9 13 3h  6k + 27 + 4h + 6k  6 = 0
 1     1 =
2 4 4  7h =  21  h =  3
Equation of circle is (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2 From (i), we get
2 2k =  3 + 9 = 6  k = 3
3   13 
2

 (x  3)2   y       C (h, k)  C ( 3, 3) and
 2   4 
r  C  (1  3)2  (4  3)2  (4)2  (7)2
9 13
 x 2  6x  9  y2  3y   = 16  49  65
4 4
 x + y  6x  3y + 8 = 0
2 2 Equation of circle is (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2

 
2
 (x + 3)2 + (y  3)2 = 65
25. Here r = 3
 x2 + 6x + 9 + y2  6y + 9 = 65
Let C (h, k) be the centre of the circle which lies on
 x2 + y2 + 6x  6y  47 = 0
the line x  y = 1.
 hk=l ...(i)
27. Let ABC be an equilateral triangle with AD as
Circle passes through the point A (7, 3).
median.
 CA = 3  CA2 = 9  (h  7)2 + (k  3)2 = 9
 Length of median = 3a
From (i), we get

Circle 97
 SURESH DANI AND SONS CLASSES

Circle with centre at origin passes through the Now 2x = 5 + 3y = 5 + 3 ( l) = 5  3 = 2  x = l

vertices of A ABC, then O is the centriod of  Centre of circle is C (h, k)  C (l, l)
triangle Equation of circle is (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2
and divides the median in the ratio 2 : 1  (x  1)2 + (y + 1)2 = 72  x2  2x + 1 + y2 + 2y + 1
2 = 49
 Radious =  3a  2a
3  x2 + y2  2x + = 47
 Equation of circle is
x2 + y2 = (2a)2  x2 + y2 = 4a2 32. Given lines are
x+y=l ...(i)
28. Centre is C (1, 2) x  2y =  4 ... (ii)
Circle passes through point A (4, 6) Circle passes through the point of intersection of
 Radius = r  CA  (4  1)2  (6  2)2  32  42 lines x + 3y = 0 and 2x  7y = 0 which is,(0, 0).
= 9  16  25  5  Circle passes through O (0, 0).
 Area of circle = r2 =  (5)2 = 25 Centre C (h, k) is the point of intersection of lines
(i) and (ii).
29. Given lines are 3x  4y + 4 = By (i)  (ii), we get
 6x  8y + 8 = 0 ... (i) x + y  x + 2y =  l + 4  3y = 3  y = l
6x  8y  7 = 0 ... (ii) From (iii), we get
 Lines (i) and (ii) are parallel to each other and are x=11=2
tangent to the circle, then the distance d between  Centre is C(h, k)  C ( 2, 1) and
them is the length of diameter of the circle. r  C  (2  0)2  (1  0)  (2)2  12  4  1
8  (7) 87 15 15 3 = 5
 d    
62  (8)2 36  64 100 10 2 Equation of circle is (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2

 5
2
 r
d 3
  (x + 2)2 + (y  1)2 =
2 4
 x2 + 4x + 4 + y2  2y + 1 = 5
 x2 + y2 + 4x  2y = 0
30. Here r = 9
Point of intersection of diameters 2x + y = 6 and
33. Here A (x1, y1 )  A (2,  3) and
3x + 2y = 4 of a circle is its centre.
B (x2, y2)  B ( 3, 5)
Solving these equations, we get
 Equation of circle with AB as diameter is
4x + 2y  3x  2y = 12  4  x = 8
(x  2) (x + 3) + (y + 3) (y  5) = 0
Now y = 6  2x = 6  2 (8) = 6  16 =  10
 x2 + 3x  2x  6 + y2 5y + 3y  15 = 0
 Centre is C (h, k)  C (8,  10)
 x2 + y2 + x  2y  21 = 0
Equation of circle is (x  h)2 + (y  k)2 = r2
 (x  8)2 + (y + 10)2 = 92
34. Given circles are
 x2  16x + 64 + y2 + 20y + 100 = 81
x2 + y2 + 6x  14y  1 = 0 ... (i)
 x2 + y2  16x + 20y + 83 = 0
x + y  4x + l0y  2 = 0
2 2
... (ii)
For circle (i)
31. Area of circle = 154  r2 = 154  r2 = 49  r = 7
2gl = 6,2fl =  14  g1 = 3, f1=  7
Point of intersection of diameters 2x  3y = 5 and
Centre of circle (i) is C1 ( g1  f1 )  C1(- 3, 7)
3x  4y = 7 of the circle is its centre.
For circle (ii)
Soving these equations, we get
2g2 =  4, 2f2 = 10  g2 =  2, f2 = 5
6a  9y  6x + 8y = 15  14   y = 1  y =  1

98 Circle
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Centre of circle (i) is C2 ( g2,  f2 )  C2 (2,  5)  9 12 

 A = ( 5,  4) anf    , 
Centres C1 and C2 are the end point of diameter of  5 5
required circle.  Equation of circle with AB as diameter is
Equation of circle with C1 C2 as diameter is  9  12 
(x  5)  x    (y  5)  y    0
(x + 3) (x  2) + (y  7) (y + 5) = 0  5  5
x2  2x + 3x  6 + y2 + 5y  7y  35 = 0  (x + 5) (5x + 9) + (y + 4) (5y  12) = 0
x2 + y2 + x  x  2y  41 = 0  5x2 + 9x + 25x + 45 + 5y2  12y + 20y  48 = 0
 5x2 + 5y2 + 34x + 8y  3 = 0
35. Given circle is
x2 + y2  10x = 0 ...(i) 37. Circle is passing through the origin, having
Given chord is intercepts 4 and - 5 on the coordinate axes.
y = 2x ... (ii) Let the circle intersects x-axis at point A and
Let the chord (ii) intersects circle (i) at points y-axis at point B.
A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2).
From (i) and (ii), we get
x2 + (2x)2  l0x = 0  x2 + 4x2  10x = 0
 5x2  l0x = 0  5x (x  2) = 0  x = 0 and x = 2
 x1 = 0 and x2 = 2
From (ii), we get
If x1 = 0, then y1 = 0
If x2 = 2, then y2 = 2 (2) = 4
 A  (0, 0), B  (2, 4) From figure, we get
 Circle passes through the origin with AB as A  (4, 0), B  (0,  5) and m  AOB = 90°
diameter.  AB is the diameter of the circle.
 Equation of circle with AB as diameter is  Equation of circle with AB as diameter is
(x  0) (x  2) + (y  0) (y  4) = 0 (x  4) (x  0) + (y  0) (y + 5) = 0
 (x) (x  2) + (y) (y  4) = 0  (x  4) (x) + (y) (y + 5) = 0
 x2  2x + y2  4y = 0  x2  4x + y2 + 5y = 0
 x2 + y2  2x  4y = 0  x2 + y2  4x + 5y = 0

36. Given circle is 38.

x2 + y2 + l0x + 9 = 0 ... (i)
Given line is
2x  y + 6 = 0 ... (ii)
Let the line (ii) intersects circle (i) at A and B.
Solving (i) and (ii), we get
x2 + (2x + 6)2 + 10x + 9 = 0 Let ABCD be a rectangle with sides AB, BC, CD
 x2 + 4x2 + 24.x + 36 + 10x + 9 = 0 and DA whose equations are y =  b, x = a, y = b,
 5x2 + 34x + 45 = 0 x =  a respectively.
 (x + 5) (5x + 9) = 0  x =  5 or x  
9  A  ( a,  b), B  (a,  b), C  (a, b) and
5 D = ( a, b)
From (ii), we get  AC and BD are the diagonals of the rectangle
If x =  5, then y = 2 ( 5) + 6 =  10 + 6 =  4 which
9  9 18 12
If x   , then y      6    6  are the diameters of the circle.
5  5 5 5  Equation of the circle with AC as diagonal is

Circle 99
 SURESH DANI AND SONS CLASSES

(x + a) (x  a) + (y + b) (y  b) = 0  23 
2
 23  23
 x2  ax + ax  a2 + y2  by + by  b2 = 0  R = 2r  r  2 
2 2 2
  2   
 4   4  2
 x2  ax + ax  a2 + y2  by + by  b2 = 0
 Equation of required circle is
 x2 + y2 = a2 + b2 2
 3 2 23
 x    (y  2) 
39. Given circle is 2x2 + 2y2 + 8x + l0y  39 = 0  2 2
9 23
 x 2  y2  4x  5y 
39
0  x 2  3x   y2  4y  4 
2 4 2
39  4x + 4y  12x + 16y  21 = 0
2 2
Here 2g = 4, 2f = 5, c  
2
5 39 41. Given circle is x2 + y2  4x + 6y  3 = 0
 g = 2, f  , c  
2 2 Here 2g =  4, 2f = 6, c =  3
 5  Centre is C ( g,  f)  C (2,  3)
 Centre is C ( g, f)  C  2,   .
 2 Required circle is concentric with given circle.
Required circle is concentric with given circle.  Centre of required circle is C (2,  3).
 5
 Centre of required circle is C  2,   Required circle touches the Y-axis
 2  Radius of required circle = r = | 2 | = 2
Area of required circle = 16  Equation of required circle is
 r2 = 16  r2 = 16 (x  2)2 + (y + 3)2 = 22
 Equation of required circle is  x2  4x + 4 + y2 + 6y + 9 = 4
2
 5  x2 + y2  4x + 6y + 9 = 0
(x  2)2  y    16
 2
25 42. Given circle is x2 + y2  8x  12y + 15 = 0
 x 2  4x  4  y2  5y   16
4 Required circle is concentric with given cirle.
 4x2 + 4y2 + 16x + 20y  23 = 0  Equation of required circle is
x2 + y2  8x  12y + c = 0 ... (i)
40. Given circle is 2x2 + 2y2  6x + 81/ + 1 = 0 Circle (i) passes through the point P (5, 4).
1  (5)2 + (4)2  8 (5)  12 (4) + c = 0 
 x 2  y2  3x  4y   0
2  25 + 16  40  48 + c = 0  c = 47
1
Here 2g =  3, 2f = 4, c   Equation of required circle is
2
x2 + y2  8x  12y + 47 = 0
3 1
 g   , f = 2, c 
2 2
3  43. Given circles are
 Centre is C ( g,  f)  C  , 2  and x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 ... (i)
2 
2 x2 + y2  2x + 4y + 20 = 0 ... (ii)
 3  1 9 1
r  g 2  f 2  c     22   4 Circles (i) and (ii) are concentric.
 2  2 4 2
 2g =  2, 2f = 4
23 From (i), we get
=
4 x2 + y2  2x + 4y + c = 0 ... (iii)
Required circle is concentric with given circle. Circle (iii) passes through the point (4,  2).
3   (4)2 + ( 2)2  2 (4) + 4 ( 2) + c = 0 
 Centre of required circle is C  , 2  .
 2   16 + 4  8  8 + c = 0  c =  4
Let R be the radius of required circle.
Area of required circle = 2 Area of given circle

100 Circle
 SURESH DANI AND SONS CLASSES

44. Given circles are By (ii)  (iv), we get

x2 + y2 + 8x + 10y  7 = 0 ... (i)10g  12f + c  6g + 8f  c =  61 + 25
2x2 + 2y2  8a  12y  9 = 0  4g  f =  9 ...(vi)

9
x 2  y2  4x  6y   0 By (v)  (vi), we get
... (ii)
2 g  2f  g + f =  7 + 9   f = 2  f =  2
For circle (i)  2f =  4
2g = 8, 2f = 10  g = 4, f = 5 From (v), we get
 Centre of circle (i) is C1 ( g1,  f1)  C ( 4,  5) g =  7  4 =  11  2g =  22
Let circle concentric with the circle (ii) be From (iii), we get
x2 + y2  4x  6y + c = 0 c =  5  ( 22)  2 ( 4) =  5 + 22 + 8 = 25
... (iii)
Circle (iii) passes through C1, then From (i), we get
 ( 4)2 + ( 5)2  4 ( 4)  6 ( 5) + c = 0 
 16 + 25 + 16 + 30 + c = 0  c =  87 48. Let equation of circle be
 Required circle is x2 + y2  4x  6y  87 = 0 x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 ...(i)
Circle passes through points (0, 0), (a, 0) and (0, b)
45. (a) From (i), we get
c = 0, a2 + 2ga = 0 and b2 + 2fb = 0
46. Given circle is x2 + y2  8x + y  20 = 0  ... (i)c = 0, 2g =  a and 2f =  b
Put y = in (i), we get a b
 c = 0, g   and f  
x2  8x  20 = 0  (x  10) (x + 2) = 0 2 2
 x = 10 or x =  2 a b
 Centre is C ( g,  f)  C   ,  .
 x-intercept = | 10  ( 2) | = | 10 + 2 | = | 12 | = 12 2 2
Put x = 0 in (i), we get
x2 + y  20 = 0  (y  4) (y + 5) = 0 49. (d)
 y = 4 or y =  5
 y-intercept = | 4  ( 5) | = | 4 + 5 | = | 9 | = 9 50. Let A = (3,  2), B  (1, 0), C  (1,  2),
D  (1,  4)
47. Let the equation of circle be Points A, B, C and D are concyclic.
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 ...(i)Let P (h, k) be the centre of the circle passing
Circle passes through the points A (5,  6), B (1, 2) through the points A, B and C.
and C (3,  4).  PA = PB = PC
From (i), we get PA = PB  PA2 = PB2
(5)2 + ( 6)2 + 2g (5) + 2f ( 6) + c = 0  (h  3)2 + (k + 2)2 = (h  1)2 + (k  0)2
 25 + 36 + 10g  12f + c = 0  h2  6h + 9 + k2 + 4k + 4 = h2  2h + l + k2
 10g  12f + c =  61  …(ii)  4h + k =  12
(1)2 + (2)2 + 2g (1) + 2f (2) + c = 0  h+k=3 ...(i)
 1 + 4 + 2g + 4f + c = 0 PA  PC  PA = PC2 2

 2g + 4f + c =  5  ...(iii)
(h  3)2 + (k + 2)2 = (h + l)2 + (k + 2)2
(3)2 + ( 4)2 + 2g (3) + 2f ( 4) + c = 0  h2  6h + 9 = h2 + 2h + 1   8h =  8
 9 + 16 + 6g  8f + c = 0  h=1 ...(ii)
 6g  8f + c =  25 ...(iv)
From (i) and (ii), we get
By (ii)  (iii), we get K=13=2
10g  12f + C  2g  8f  c =  61 + 5  Centre is P  (1,  2) and
 8g  16f =  56 Radius = AP  (3  1)2  (2  2)2  (2)2  0
 g  2f = 7 ...(v)
= 4 2

Circle 101
 SURESH DANI AND SONS CLASSES

51. Given circle is x2 + y2 = 9  Parametric equations are

 Centre is origin and a2 = 9  a = 3 x = h + a cos  and y = k + a sin 
 Parametric equations are 
2 5
x   cos and y  1  sin
5
x = a cos  = 3 cos  and y = a sin  = 3 sin  3 3 3
 3x = 2 + 5 cos , 3y =  3 + 5 sin 
52. Given circle is (x  3) + (y + a) = 25
2 2

 (x  3)2 + (y + a)2 = 52 56. Given x = 5 cos , y =  3 + 5 sin 

 h = 3, k =  4, a = 5  x = 5 cos , y + 3 = 5 sin 
 Parametric equations are Squaring and adding, we get
x = h + a cos , y = k + a sin  x2 + (y + 3)2 = 25 cos2  + 25 sin2  = 25
 The parametric equations are = 25 (cos2  + sin2 ) = 25 (1) = 25
 x = 3 + 5 cos  and y =  4 + 5 sin 
57. Given x = a cos  + b sin q, y = a sin   b cos 
53. Given circle is x + y + 2x  4y - 4 = 0
2 2 Squaring and adding, we get
 x2 + 2x + 1 + y2  4y + 4 = 4 + 1 + 4 x2 + y2 = (a cos  + b sin )2 + (a sin   b cos )2
 (x + 1)2 + (y  2)2 = 9  (x + 1)2 + (y  2)2 = 32 = a2 cos2  + b2 sin2  + 2ab cos  sin 
 h =  1, k = 2, a = 3 + a2 sin2  + b2 cos2   2ab cos  sin 
 Parametric equations are = a2 (cos2  + sin2 ) + b2 (cos2  + sin2 )
x = h + a cos , y = k + a sin  = a2 (1) + b2 (1) = a2 + b2
 x =  1 + 3 cos  and y = 2 + 3 sin 
2at a  at 2
58. Given x  ,y 
54. Given circle is x2 + y2 + mx + my = 0 1  t2 1  t2
m2 m2 m2 x 2t y 1  t 2
 x 2  mx   y2  my     , 
4 4 2 a 1  t2 a 1  t2
2 2
 m  m  m  Squaring and adding, we get
 x   y  
 2  2   2 
2
 2t   1  t 2 
m m m 2
 h   , k   ,a  x2 y2 4t 2  1  2t 2  t 4
      
a 2 a 2  1  t 2   1  t 2 
 
2 2 2 2
1  t2
 Parametric equations are
x = h + a cos , y = k + a sin 
m m m m 1  2t 2  t 4
 x  cos , y    sin = 1
2 2 2 2 1  2t 2  t 4
 x2 + y2 = a2
55. Given circle is 3x2 + 3y2  4x + 6y  4 = 0
4 4  1  t2 
 x 2  y2  x  2y   0 4at
3 3 59. Given x  2a  , y 
 1  t2  1  t2
4 4 4 4  
 x 2  x   y2  2y  1    1
3 9 3 9 x 1  t2 y 2t
2   , 
 2 2 25 2a 1  t 2a 1  t 2
2
  x    (y  1) 
 3 9 Squaring and adding, we get
2 2 2
 2 2 5 x2  1  t 2   2t 2
y2
  x   (y  1)        
 3  3 4a 2 4a 2  1  t 2   1  t 2 
2 5
 h  , k =  1, a 
3 3

102 Circle
 SURESH DANI AND SONS CLASSES

1  2t 2  t 2  4t 2 1  2t 2  t 4  3
=  1  x(0)  y(0)     (x  0)  (1)(y  0)  0  0
1  t 2   2
2
1  2t 2  t 2
3
  x  y  0  3x  2y = 0
x2 + y2 = (2a)2 which is a circle of radius 2a. 2

60. Given circle is x2 + y2 = 5 64. Given circle is x2 + y2  4x  6y  12 = 0

Here a2 = 5, P (x1, y1)  P (,  2) Here 2g =  4, 2f =  6, c =  12,
Point P lies on the circle. P (x1, y1)  P ( 1,  1)
 Equation of tangent to the circle is  g =  2, f =  3, c =  12
xx1 + yy1 = a2  x (1) + y ( 2) = 5 The point P lies on the circle.
 x  2y  5 = 0  The equation of tangent to a circle is
xx1 + yy1 + g (x + x1) + f (y + y1) + c = 0
61. Given circle is x2 + y2 = 169  x ( 1) + ( 1) + ( 2) (x  1) + ( 3) (y  1)  12
Here a2 = 169 =0
Given points are A (5, 12) and B (12,  5).   x  y  2x + 2  3y + 3  12 = 0
Equation of tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 at   3x  4y  7 = 0
P (x1, y1) is xx1 + yy1 = a2.  3x + 4y + 7 = 0
 Equation of tangent to the circle at A (5, 12) is
x (5) + y (12) = 169  5x + 12y = 169 65. Given circle is x = 5 cos  and y = 5 sin 

 Equation of tangent to the circle at B (12,  5) is Here a = 5 and 
3
x (12) + y ( 5) = 169  12x  5y = 169
5  Equation of tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 at
 Slope of tangent at A = m1   point P (0) is
12
  
 Slope of tangent at B = m2  
12 12
 x cos  + y sin  = a  x cos    ysin    5
5 5  
3 3
 5  12  1  3
Now m1m2       1  x    y    5  x  3y  10
 12  5  2  2 
 Tangents are perpendicular to each other.  x  3y  10  0

62. Given circle is x2 + y2  2y = 0

66. Given circle is x2 + y2 = 64
Here 2g = 0, 2f =  2, c = 0, P (x1, y1)  P ( 1, 1)  2 
 g = 0, f =  1, c = 0 Here a2 = 64, P( )  P  
 3 
The point P lies on the circle.
 a=8
 The equation of tangent to a circle is  The equation of tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 at
xx1 + yy1 + g (x + x1) + f (y + y1) + c = 0 point P () is
 x ( 1) + y (1) + (0) (x  1) + ( 1) (y + 1) + 0 = 0    2 
 x+y+y1=0x1=0x+1=0 x cos  + y sin  = a  x cos    ysin    8
3  3 
 1  3
63. Given circle is x2 + y2  3x + 2y = 0  x     ysin    8   x  3  16
 2  2 
Here 2g =  3, 2f = 2, c = 0, P (x1, y1)  P (0, 0)
3  x  3y  16  0
g   , f = l, c = 0
2
The origin lies on the circle. 67. Given circle is x2 + y2 = 9 ... (i)
 The equation of tangent to a circle is The line is 3x  4y + 15 = 0 touches the circle (i)
xx1 + yy1 + g (x + x1) + f (y + y1) + c = 0 1
 y  (15  3x)
4

Circle 103
 SURESH DANI AND SONS CLASSES

From (i), we get 70. Centre of unit circle is at the origin

2
1  Let B and C be the points of contact with circle of
x 2   (15x  3x)   9
4  the tangents drawn from A.
1
 x2 + (225 + 90x + 9x2)  9 = 0
16
 16x + 225 + 90x + 9x2  144 = 0
2

 25x2 + 90x + 81 = 0  (5x + 9)2 = 0  5x + 9 = 0

9
 x
5
1 27  1  48  12
 y  15       Shaded region is the required area.
4 5  4 5  5 From figure, we get
 9 12  m  CAB = 60°, m  OAB = 30°,
 The point of contact is   ,  .
 5 5 m  OBA = 90°,
m  BOC = 120°, OB = OC = 1
68. Given circle is x2 + y2  2x  2y + 1 = 0 In  OAB
Given line is x + y = 2 + 2 1 1
OB  OA  1  OA  OA = 2
2 2 2 2  2 2
The point  ,  satisfies the equation
 2 2  3 3
AB  OA  (2)  3
2 2
of circle and the equation of line.
2 2 2 2  Area of quadrilateral OCAB is
 Point of contact is  ,  A1 = 2 (Area of  OAB)
 2 2 
1
= 2. .AB.OB  3.1  3
2
69. Given circle is x2 + y2 + 2x  2y  3 = 0 ... (i) 1 2 
Area of sector OBC = A 2  .12. 
Given line is 2x + y + 6 = 0 2 3 3
1 
 2x =  (y + 6)  x   (y  6)  Required area = A1  A1 = 3 
2 3
From (i), we get
2
 1  2
71. Given circles are
  (y  6)   y  (y  6)  2y  3  0 x2 + y2 = 25
 2  ...(i)
1 2 x + y + 8x  4y + c = 0
2 2
... (ii)
 (y  12y  36)  y2  y  6  2y  3  0
4 Point P (x1, y1)  P (3,  4) is on circle (i).
 5y2 + 12y + 36 + 4y2  12y  36 = 0 Here a2 = 25
 5y2 = 0  y2 = 0  y = 0  Equation of tangent to the circle x2 + y2  a2 at
1 1 point P (x1, y1) is
 x   (0  6)   (6)  3
2 2 xx1 + yy1 = a2  x (3) + y ( 4) = 25
 The point of contact is ( 3, 0).  3x  4y = 25
 3x  4y  25 = 0 ...(iii)
For circle (ii)
2g = 8, 2f =  4, c = c
 g = 4, f =  2, c = c
 Centre is C2 ( g,  f)  C, ( 4, 2) and
r2  g 2  f 2  c  (4)2  (2)2  c
= 16  4  c  20  c

104 Circle
 SURESH DANI AND SONS CLASSES

 3
Line (iii) is also tangent to the circle (ii) 2
 y  3x  (10)  10  3x  (10)(3)  10
 Length of perpendicular from C2 on line (iii) = r2
= 3x  30  10  3x  40  3x  2 10
3(4)  4(2)  25
 20  c
(3)2  (4)2
76. Given circle is x2 + y2 = 16
12  8  25 45 Here a2 = 16, m =  2
  20  c   20  c
9  16 25 Equation of tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 with
45
  20  c  9  20  c slope m is y  mx  a 2m2  a 2
5
 81 = 20  c  c =  61  y  (3)x  (16)(2)2  16  2x  4 4  1
 2x  y  4 5  2x  y  4 5  0
72. Given circle is S  x + y  25 = 0
2 2

Here P (x1, y1)  P (2, 6) 77. Given circle is x2 + y2 = 4

The length of tangent segment from the point Here a2 = 4
P (x1, y1) to the circle S = 0 is given by S1 . 3
Slope of line 3x + 2y + 1 = 0 is 
 The length of tangent segment = S1 2
Tangent is parallel to the line 3x + 2y + 1 = 0.
= (2)2  (6)2  25  4  36  25  15 units 3
 Slope of tangent to the circle is m = 
2
Given circle is S  x2 + y2 + 2bx  3b2 = 0 Equation of tangent to the circle x + y2 = a2 with
2
73.
Here P (x1, y1)  P (a + b, a  b) slope m is y  mx  a 2m2  a 2
The length of tangent segment from the point 2
 3  3  3 9
P (x1, y1) to the circle S = 0 is given by S1  y     x  (4)     4     x  2 1
 2  2  2 4
 The length of tangent segment = S1
 2y  3x  2 9  4  3x  2y  2 13  0
2 2 2
= (a  b)  (a  b)  2b(a  b)  3b

= a 2  b2  2ab  a 2  b2  2ab  2ab  2b2  3b2 78. Given circle is x2 + y2 = 36

Here a2 = 36
= 2a 2  b2  2ab units
5
Slope of line 5x + y = 2 is m1    5
1
74. Given circle is S  x2 + y2  2x + ky  23 = 0 Tangent is perpendicular to the line 5x + y = 2.
Here P (x1, y1)  P (8,  3), S1  10  Slope of tangent to the circle is
The length of tangent segment from the point 1 1 1
m  
P (x1, y1) to the circle S  x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c m1 5 5
is given by S1 . Equation of tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 with
 S1  10  S1 = 10 slope m is y  mx  a 2m2  a 2
(8)2 + ( 3)2  2 (8) + k ( 3)  23 = 10 2
1 1 1 1
64 + 9  16  3k  23 = 10  y    x  (36)    36    x  6 1
5 5 5 25
  3k =  24  k = 8
 5y  x  6 1  25  x  5y  6 26
 x  5y  6 26  0
75. Given circle is x2 + y2 = 10
Here a2 = 10
Slope of tangent = m = tan 60° = 3 79. Given circle is x2 + y2  2x + 8y  23 = 0
Equation of tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 with Here g =  2, 2f = 8, c =  23
 Centre is C ( g, + f2) = C (1,  4) and
slope m is y = mx  a 2 m2  a 2

Circle 105
 SURESH DANI AND SONS CLASSES

r  g 2  f 2  c  (1)2  (4)2  (23) 83. Given circle is x2 + y2 + 4x  6y  3 = 0

Here 2g = 4 , 2f =  6, c =  3
= 1  16  23  40  2 10
g = 2, f =  3, c =  3
Slope of tangent to the circle is m = 3.
Equation of director circle to the circle
Let the equation of tangent to circle be y = mx + c
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 is
 y = 3x + c  3x  y + c = 0
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy  g2  f2 = 0.
Length of perpendicular from C on tangent
 Required equation of director circle is
= Radius of circle
x2 + y2 + 4x  6y  (2)2  ( 3)2 = 0
3(1)  (4)  c 3 4 c
  2 10   2 10  x2 + y2 + 4x  6y  4  9 = 0
2
(3)  (1) 2 9  1
 x2 + y2 + 4x  6y  13 = 0
7c
  2 10  | 7 + c | = 20  7 + c = ± 20
10 84. (b)
 c = 13,  27
 Equations of tangents to the circle are 85 (d)
3x  y + 13 = 0, 3x  y  27 = 0
86. Given circle is x2 + y2 = a2
80. Given circle is x = 5 cos  and y = 5 sin  Let P (x1, y1) be the point of from which
Squaring and adding, we get tangents with slope rri are drawn to the circle.
x2 + y2 = 25 cos2  + 25 sin2  Two tangents can be drawn to the circle from a
= 25 (cos2  + sin2 ) point outside it.
= 25 (1) = 25 Let m1 and m2 be the slopes of two tangents.
 x2 + y2 = 52 2x1y1 y 2  a2
 m1  m2  and m1m2  1
 Centre of circle is the origin and radius 5. x12  a 2 x12  a 2
If the tangents drawn to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 are 1 and 2 are the inclinations of the tangents.
at right angle, then the equation of the locus is the  m1 = tan l and m2 = tan 2.
director circle x2 + y2 = 2a2 2x1y1
tan l + tan 2 = 0  ml + m2 = 0 
 Equation of required locus is x2 + y2 = 2 (25) = 50 x12  a 2
2x1 y1 = 0  x1 y1 = 0
81. Given circle is x2 + y2 = 9
 Equation of locus is xy = 0.
Here a2 = 9 1 1
If the tangents drawn to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 Cot 1 + cot 2 = 5   5
tan 1 tan 2
are at right angle, then the equation of the locus is 1 1 m  m2
the director circle x2 + y2 = 2a2   5 1  5  m1 + m2 = 5m1 m2
m1 m2 m1m2
 Equation of required locus is x2 + y2 = 2 (9) = 18
2x1y1  y 2  a2 
  5 1   2x1  2xy  5a2 = 0
2
x1  a 2  2 2
25  x1  a 
82. Given circle is 4x2 + 4y2 = 25  x2 + y2 
4 1 1
cot 1 cot 2 = c  . c
25 tan 1 tan
Here a 2 
4 1 1 y 2  a2 1
Equation of director circle to the circle x2 + y2 = a2  tan 1 tan 2   m1m2   1 
c c x12  a 2 c
is x2 + y2 = 2a2.
 c (y12  a2) = x12  a2
 Required equation of director circle is
 Equation of locus is c (y2  a2) = x2 – a2 .
 25  25
x 2  y2  2     2x2 + 2y2 = 25
 4  2

106 Circle
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87. (c) 92. (c)

88. (b) 93. (a)

89. (c) 94. Given circles are

x2 + y2  4x + 10y + 20 = 0 …(i)
90. Given circles are x2 + y2 + 8x  6y  24 = 0 …(ii)
x2 + y2  4x  4y  28 = 0 ...(i) For circles (i)
x + y  4x  12 = 0
2 2
…(ii) 2g1 =  4, 2f1 = 10, c1 = 20
For circle (i)  g1 =  2, f1 = 5, c1 = 20
2g1 =  4, 2f1 =  4, c1 =  28  Center is C1 (  g1,  f1)  C1 (2,  5) and
 g1 =  2, f1 -  2, c1 =  28 r1  g12  f12  c1  (2)2  (5)2  20
 Centre is C1 ( g1,  f1)  C1 (2, 2) and
= 4  25  20  9  3
r1  g12  f12  c1  (2)2  (2)2  (28) For circle (ii)
= 4  4  28  36  6 2g2 = 8, 2f2 =  6, c2 =  24
For circle (ii)  g2 = 4, f2 =  3, c2 =  24
2g2 =  4, 2f2 = 0, c2 =  12  Center is C2 ( g2,  f2)  C2 ( 4, 3) and
 g2 =  2, f2 = 0, c2 =  12 r2  g22  f 22  c2  (4)  (3)2  (24)
 Centre is C2 (g2, f2 )  C2 (2, 0) and
= 16  9  24  49  7
r2  g 22  f 22  c2  (2)2  0  (12)
 C1C2  (2  4)2  (5  3)2  62  (8)2
= 4  12  16  4
36  64  100  10
 C1C2  (2  2)2  (2  0)2  0  22  4  2  | r1 + r2 | = | r1 + r2 |, the given circles touch each
 | r1  r2 | = | 6 + 4 | = | 2 | = 2 = C1 C2 Other externally.
As C1 C2 = | r1  r2 | , the given circles touch each  The point of contact P divides C1 C2 internally in
other internally. The ratio r1 : r2.
 The point of contact P divides C1C2 externally in By formula, we get
the ratio r1 : r2.  3(4)  7(2) 3(3)  7(5) 
P , 
By Section formula, we get  3 7 37 
 6(2)  4(2) 6(0)  4(2)   12  14 9  35   2 26   1 13 
P ,   ,    ,    , 
 64 64   10 10   10 10   5 5 
 12  8 0  8   4 8  The point of contact lies on both circles (i) and (ii).
 ,    ,    (2, 4)
 2 2  2 2 The equation of common tangent to the circles is
The point of contact lies on both circles (i) and (ii). xx1 + yy1 + g1 (x + x1) + f1 (y + y1) + c1 = 0
The equation of common tangent to the circles is  1   13   1
 x   y     (2)  x  
xx1 + yy1 + g1 (x + x1) + f1 (y + y1) + c1 = 0 5  5   5
 x (2) + y ( 4) + ( 2) (x + 2)  13 
(5)  y    20  0
+ ( 2) (y  4)  28 = 0  5
 x  2y  x  2  y + 4  14 = 0   3y  12 = 0  x  13y  2 (5x + 1) + 5 (5y  13) + 100 = 0
 y+4=0  x  13y  l0x  2 + 25y  65 + 100 = 0
If the circles touches each other internally, then   9x + 12y + 33 = 0  3x  4y  11 = 0
there is only one common tangent. If the circles touches each other externally , then
there are three common tangents.
91. (b)

Circle 107
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95. (a) 99. Given circles are

x2 + y2  2x + 6y + 6 = 0
96. (d) ... (i)
x + y  5x + 6y + 15 = 0
2 2

97. (b) ...(ii)

For circle (i)
98. Given circles are 2g1 = 2, 2f1 = 6, c1 = 6
x2 + y2  4x  l0y + l9 = 0  g1 =  1, f1 = 3, c1 = 4
...(i)  Centre is C1 ( g1  f1)  C1 (1,  3) and
x + y + 2x + 8y  23 = 0
2 2
r1  g12  f12  c1  (1)2  (3)2  6
...(ii)
= 1 9  6  4  2
For circle (i)
For circle (ii)
2g1 =  4 , f1 =  5, c1 = 19
2g2 =  5, f2 = 3, c2 = 15
 Centre is C1 ( g1,  f1)  C1 (2, 5) and
5 
 Centre is C2 ( g2,  f2 )  C2  , 3  and
r1 g12  f12 2 2
 c1  (2)  (5)  19  2 
= 4  25  19  10  5 
r2  g 22  f 22  c2    , 3   (3)2  15
For circle (ii)  2 
2g2 = 2, 2f2 = 8, c2 =  23 25 1 1
=  9  15  
 g2 = 1, f2 = 4, C2 =  23 4 4 2
 Centre is C2 ( g2, f2 )  C2 ( 1,  4) and 2 2
5  3 3
2 2 2 2
r2  g 2  f 2  c2  1  4  (23)  C1C2    1  (3  3)2     0 
 2   
2 2
= 1  16  23  40  2 10 1 3 3
 r1  r2  2     C1C2
 C1C2  (2  1)2  (5  4)2  32  92  9  91 2 2 2

= 90  3 10 As C1 C2 = | r1  r2 | , the given circles touch each

other internally.
 | r1  r2 |  | 10  2 10 |  | 3 10 |  3 10  C1C2
If the circles touches each other internally, then
As C1 C2 = | r1 + r2 | , the given circles touch each
there is only one common tangent.
other externally.
 The point of contact P divides C1 C2 internally in
100. Equation of S1 is
the ratio r1 : r2.
(x  a1)2 + (y  b1)2  (y  b1)2 = r12
By Section formula, we get
Equation of S2 is (x  a2)2 + (y  b2)2 = r22
 10(1)  2 10(2) 10(4)  2 10 
P   ,   S1  S2 = ((x  a2)2 + (y  b1)2  r12)
 10  2 10 10  2 10 
 ((x  a2)2 + (y  b2)2  r22)
 1  4 4  10   3 6  
 ,    ,   (1,2)
The circles S1 and S2 touch externally.
 1 2 1 2   3 3  The tangent at their common point passes
The point of contact lies on both circles (i) and (ii). through the origin.
 The equation of common tangent to the circles is  S1  S2 = 0 will pass through origin.
xx1 + yy1 + g1 (x + x1) + f1 (y + y1) + c1 = 0  ((0  a1)2 + (0  b1)2  r12)
 x (1) + y (2) + ( 2) (x + 1) + ( 5) (y + 2) + 19 = 0  ((0  a2)2 + (0  b2)2  r22) = 0
 x + 2y  2x  2  5y  10 + 19 = 0  (a12 + b12  r12)  (a22 + b22  r22) = 0
  x  3y + 7 = 0  x + 3y  7 = 0  a12 + b12  r12  a22  b22 + r22 = 0
If the circles touches each other externally , then  (a12  a22) + (b12  b22) = r12  r22
there are three common tangents.

108 Circle