Department of Electronics Engineering

Lab Manual
Of
Microprocessor and Microcontroller
Lab

Course code: ECC 211

New Academic Complex, 6th Floor Room no 622
IIT (ISM) Dhanbad

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Do’s

• Be punctual.

• Maintain discipline & silence.

• Keep the Laboratory clean and tidy.

• Enter Laboratory with shoes.

• Handle instruments with utmost care.

• Come prepared with circuit diagrams, writing materials and

calculator.

• Follow the procedure that has been instructed.

• Return all the issued equipment’s properly.

• Get the signature on experiment result sheet daily.

• For any clarification contact faculty/staff in charge only.

• Shut down the power supply after the experiment.

• Don’t take components along with you.

Don’ts

• Avoid unnecessary chat or walk.

• Playing mischief in the laboratory is forbidden.

• Disfiguring of furniture is prohibited.

• Do not start the experiment without instructions.

• Avoid using cell phones.

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• Avoid late submission of laboratory reports.

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 Sl. Name of the Experiment Page No.
No

01. Introduction of 8085 Microprocessor and Its Trainer kit.

02. Performing assembly language Programming of addition,
Subtraction, multiplication, division using 8085 Microprocessors.

03. To perform sorting of 10 numbers in 8085 microprocessor

04. To find the factorial of a given number and searching the

smallest number in a given array in 8085 microprocessors.

05. Find the sum of a series of numbers in 8085 microprocessor

06. Design an 8051 µC based circuit and its associated program to

implement 4 bit binary counter using LEDs

07. Design an 8051 µC based circuit and its associated program to

implement 4 bit binary up/down counter using LEDs with the
stated specifications.

08. Design a 8051 µC based circuit and its associated program to

interface two seven segment displays.

09. Design a circuit associated program interface a DAC with 8051

microcontroller and generate a ramp output through it.

10. Interface an ADC with 8051 Microcontroller and Show the

Corresponding Output in Two Seven Segment Displays

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 Experiment 1
Brief Introduction of 8085 Microprocessor and its Trainer Kit.

Aim: Introduction of 8085 Microprocessor and Its Trainer kit.

Theory: 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor as it operates on 8 bits at

a time. It is a 40 pin dual-in-line chip.
Pin diagram of 8085 Microprocessor −

The pins of an 8085 microprocessor can be classified into seven

Groups −
Address Bus: A15-A8, it carries the most significant 8-bits of memory I/O address.
Data bus: AD7-AD0, it carries the least significant 8-bit address and data bus.
Control and status signals: These signals are used to identify the nature of operation.
There are 3 control signal and 3 status signals.
Three control signals are RD, WR & ALE.

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• RD − This signal indicates that the selected IO or memory device is to be read and is
ready for accepting data available on the data bus.
• WR − This signal indicates that the data on the data bus is to be written into a selected
memory or IO location.
• ALE − It is a positive going pulse generated when a new operation is started by the
microprocessor. When the pulse goes high, it indicates address. When the pulse goes
down it indicates data.
Three status signals are IO/M, S0 & S1:-
IO/M - This signal is used to differentiate between IO and Memory Operations, i.e.,
when it is high indicates IO operation and when it is low then it indicates memory
operation.
S1 & S0: These signals are used to identify the type of current operation.
Power supply: There are 2 power supply signals − VCC & VSS. VCC indicates +5v
Power supply and VSS indicates ground signal.
Clock signals: There are 3 clock signals, i.e. X1, X2, CLK OUT.
• X1, X2 − A crystal (RC, LC N/W) is connected at these two pins and is used to set
frequency of the internal clock generator. This frequency is internally divided by 2 .
• CLK OUT − This signal is used as the system clock for devices connected with the
microprocessor.
• Interrupts & externally initiated signals: Interrupts are the signals generated by
external devices to request the microprocessor to perform a task. There are 5 interrupt
signals, i.e., TRAP, RST 7.5, RST 6.5, RST 5.5, and INTR.
• INTA − It is an interrupt acknowledgment signal.
• RESET IN − This signal is used to reset the microprocessor by setting the program
counter to zero.
• RESET OUT − This signal is used to reset all the connected devices when the
microprocessor is reset.
• READY − This signal indicates that the device is ready to send or receive data. If
READY is low, then the CPU has to wait for READY to go high.
• HOLD − this signal indicates that another master is requesting the use of the address
and data buses.

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• HLDA (HOLD Acknowledge) − It indicates that the CPU has received the HOLD
request and it will relinquish the bus in the next clock cycle. HLDA is set to low after the
HOLD signal is removed.
• Serial I/O signals: There are 2 serial signals, i.e., SID and SOD and these signals are
used for serial communication.
• SOD (Serial output data line) – The output SOD is set/reset as specified by the SIM
instruction.
• SID (Serial input data line) – The data on this line is loaded into accumulator
whenever a RIM instruction is executed.
Architecture of 8085 Microprocessor:
1. General purpose register: It is an 8 bit register i.e. B, C, D, E, H, L. The combination
of 8 bit register is known as register pair, which can hold 16 bit data. The HL pair is
used to act as memory pointer is accessible to program.
2. Accumulator: It is an 8 bit register which hold one of the
Data to be processed by ALU and stored the result of the operation.
3. Program counter (PC): It is a 16 bit pointer which maintain the address of a
byte entered to line stack.
4. Stack pointer (SP): It is a 16 bit special purpose register which is used to hold line
memory address for line next instruction to be executed.
5. Arithmetic and logical unit: It carries out arithmetic and logical operation by 8 bit
address it uses the accumulator content as input the ALU result is stored back into
accumulator.
6. Temporary register: It is an 8 bit register associated with ALU hold data,
entering an operation, used by the microprocessor and not accessible to
programs.
7. Flags: Flag register is a group of fire, individual flip flops line content of line flag
register will change after execution of arithmetic and logic operation.

The line status flags are:

Carry flag
Parity flag (P)
Zero flag (Z)
Auxiliary carry flag (AC)
Sign flag (S)

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8. Timing and control unit: Synchronous all microprocessor, operation
with the clock and generator and control signal from it necessary to
communicate between controller and peripherals.
9. Instruction registers and decoder: Instruction is fetched from line
memory and stored in line instruction register decoder the stored information.
10. Register Array: These are used to store 8-bit data during execution of some
instruction.

8085 Microprocessor Trainer

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8279 (Keyboard and Display Controller)
8279 is a general-purpose programmable keyboard and display i/o interface device
designed for use with the 8085 microprocessor.it provides a scanned interface to 28
contact key matrix provided in VMC-850X and scanned interface for the six seven
segment display.8279 has got 16 X 8 display RAM which can be loaded or interrogated
by the CPU. When a key is pressed, its corresponding code is entered in the FIFO queue
of 8279 and can now be read by the microprocessor.

8255 (Programmable and Peripheral Interface)

8255 is a Programmable and Peripheral Interface designed to use with 8085
Microprocessor. It has got three Input/output ports of 8 lines each (PORT –A, PORT-B,
PORT-C). Port c can be divided into two ports of 4 lines each named as port C upper
and port C lower.

8253 (Programmable Internal Timer)

This chip is a programmable interval Timer/Counter and can be used for the generation
of accurate time delays.

Display
VMC-850x provides 6 digits of seven segment display .Four digits are for displaying
the address of any location or name of any register, whereas the rest of the two digits are
meant for displaying the contents of a memory location or of a register. All the six digits
of the display ae n hexadecimal notation.

Some commonly used Command keys:

Reset Reset the system

VCT INT Hardware interrupt via keyboard RST 7.5.
SHIFT Provides a second level command to all keys.
GO To execute the program.
SI To execute the program in single step mode.
EXREG Examine Register; allows user to examine and modify the
contents of different registers.
EXMEM Examine Memory; allows user to examine any memory
location and modify any RAM location
PRE Previous is used as an intermediate terminator in case of
Examine Memory. It decrements the PC contents and writes
the contents of data fields to the address displayed in the
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 address location.
Next Increment is used as an intermediate terminator in case of
Examine Memory, Examine Register etc. It increments the
PC Contents and writes the data lying in data field at the
location displayed in address field.
DEL Delete the part of program or data, with relocation by one or
more bytes.
INS Inserts the part of the program or data with relocation, by one
or more bytes.
B.M. Allows user to move a block of memory to any RAM area.
FILL Allows user to fill RAM area with a constant.
REL Relocates a program written for some memory area and to be
transferred to other memory area.
INSDATA Inserts one or more data bytes in the user’s program/data
area.
DELDATA Deletes one or more data bytes from the user’s program/data
area.
STRING Finds out the string of data lying at a particular address or
addresses.
MEMC Memory Compare: Compares two blocks of memory for
equality.
0-F Hexadecimal Keys.

For Entering Program into 8085 Trainer Kit

1. Enter the Starting address, press NEXT, the contents of the entered address is
displayed.
2. On pressing NEXT, one instruction is executed and the address of the next
instruction will be displayed with its data in the data field.
3. If one wants to terminate and command at any stage, one can do that using (.)
key, a’-‘is displayed in the address field.

Result:
Thus 8085 microprocessors were studied successfully.

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 Experiment No 2
Write an assembly language program to add, subtract, multiply and
divide two 8 bit numbers.

Aim: Performing assembly language Programming of addition,

Subtraction, multiplication, division using 8085 Microprocessors.

Apparatus Required: 8085 Trainer kit.

Objective:
1. To learn and understand the assembly instructions
2. To develop an 8085-assembly language program to add, sub,

Multiplication and divide.

Program:
Addition of two 8-bit number

Address Opcode Mnemonics

2000 21 09 20 LXI H,2009
2003 7E MOV A, M
2004 23 INX H
2005 86 ADD M
2006 23 INX H
2007 77 MOV M, A
2008 EF RST 5
2009 DATA 02
200A DATA 03
200B RESULT 05

Procedure: -

1. Press Reset Key.

2. Press ‘REL EXMEM’ Key

3. Type starting address of the program (e.g.: - 2000)

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 4. Press ‘Next’ key

5. Type the Opcode of the program from starting to End by Pressing Next Key.

(Next Key is used to go one by one-by-one memory location.)

6. Press Reset key

7. Press ‘GO’ then type starting address. (i.e., 2000)

8. Press ‘Fill’ key then press reset key.

9. Press ‘REL EXMEM’ key then type the o/p address (i.e., 200B)

10. Press ‘Next’ key

11. Data will be displayed on seven segment.

Subtraction of Two Number

Address Mnemonics Hex code Remarks

0000 MVI A,23H 3E Load accumulator with
23H
0001 23
0002 MVI B,12H 06 Load register bb with 12H
0003 12
0004 SUB B 90 Subtract contents of B
from accumulator
0005 HLT 76 Halts Program
execution

Final value stored in Register

Accumulator Register B
11 12

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Multiplication of two numbers

Address Label Mnemonics Hex code Remarks

0000 MVI A,00 3E Load accumulator with
00H
0001 00
0002 MVI B,05 06 Load register bb with
05H
0003 05
0004 LOOP ADD B 80 Add contents of B to A
0005 DCR C 0D Decrement c by 1
0006 JNZ LOOP C2 Jump to loop statement if
c is not zero
0007 04
0008 00
0009 HLT 76

Division of two number

Address Label Mnemonics Hex code Remarks

0000 MVI A,14H 3E Load accumulator
with 14H
0001 14
0002 MVI B,04 06 Load register B with
04H
0003 04
0004 MVI C,00 0E Load register B with
00H
0005 00
0006 BACK SUB B 90
0007 INR C 0C Increment c by 1
0008 CMP B B8
0009 JC END DA
000A 0F
000B 00
000C JMP BACK C3
000D 06
000E 00
000F END HLT 76
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Conclusion: The assembly language program for 8 bit addition, subtraction, multiplication and
division of two numbers was executed successfully by using 8085 microprocessor kit.

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 Experiment 3
Sorting of 10 numbers in ascending order

Aim: To perform sorting of 10 numbers in 8085 microprocessor

Components Required: 8085 Microprocessor kit, Simulator, Breadboard

and Jumper Wires
Theory: In this program we will arrange the numbers in bubble sorting technique. In this
sorting technique, it will be executed in different pass. In each pass the largest number is
stored at the end of the list. Here we are taking the numbers from location 8040H to 8046H.
The array size is stored at8040H.
Let us assume the inputs of the program are-

Address Data

8040 06

8041 06

8042 05

8043 04

8044 01

8045 02

8046 03

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Steps of Experiment:

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 Program-

Address Labels Mnemonics Comments

8000 START LXI H, Pointer to the IN-

8040H BUFFER

8003 MVI D, 00H The D register is

used as a flag
register

8005 MOV C, M Initialize reg. C with

data count

8006 DCR C Set Reg. C for

comparison count

8007 INX H Pointing to the next

location

8008 CHECK MOV A, M Get the number

8009 INX H Go to next location

800A CMP M Compare the

contents of the
current memory
location with the
contents of the
accumulator

800B JC If (A) < second byte,

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 Address Labels Mnemonics Comments

NEXTBYT do not exchange

800E MOV B, M Get second byte for

exchange

800F MOV M, A Store first byte in

second location

8010 DCX H Point to first location

8011 MOV M, B Store second byte in

first location

8012 INX H Get ready for next

comparison

8013 MVI D, 01H Load 1 in D as a

remainder for
exchange

8015 NEXTBYT DCR C Decrement

comparison count

8016 JNZ If comparison count

CHECK not 0, go back

8019 MOV A, D Get flag bit in A

801A RRC Place flag bit D0in

carry

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 Address Labels Mnemonics Comments

801B JC START If flag is 1, exchange

occurred

801E HLT Terminate the

program

Output of the experiment-

Address Data

8041 01

8042 02

8043 03

8044 04

8045 05

8046 06

Precautions:
1. Memory is set to be clear after the end of the program.
2. Memory should be interred carefully otherwise its shows program has some error or it
will interrupt the program differently and executed accordingly which cannot be
mitigated.
3. After editing the code, the assembly button must be preset before executing.
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 Experiment 4
Find the factorial of a given number and searching the smallest number in
a given array

Aim: To find the factorial of a given number and searching the smallest number in a
given array in 8085 microprocessors

Components Required: 8085 Microprocessor, Simulator, Breadboard, and Jumper

wires.

Experiment 4 (a) - To find the factorial of a given number.

Theory- Factorial is a mathematical function that multiplies the number by

every natural number below it. Some important points should be considered
before performing experiment.
• We only calculate factorial of a Natural number.
• Natural number does not include negative and zero.
• The factorial of a negative number does not exist.
• Factorial of zero is 1.
• Example1- Factorial of 5= 5!=5*4*3*2*1=120=78H
• Example2- 4!=18H

Steps of Experiment/ Algorithm:

Step 1: Load the data into register B

Step 2: To start multiplication set D to 01H
Step 3: Jump to step 7
Step 4: Decrements B to multiply previous number
Step 5: Jump to step 3 till value of B>0
Step 6: Take memory pointer to next location and store result
Step 7: Load E with contents of B and clear accumulator
Step8: Repeatedly add contents of D to accumulator E times
Step9: Store accumulator content to D
Step10: Go to step 4

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 Program:

Address Label Mnemonics Remarks

4000 H Data Data byte
4001 H Result Result
4002 H LXIH,4000H Loading data from
memory
4005 H MOV B,M Load data to B
register
4006 H MVID,01H Set D register with 1
4008 H LOOP1 CALL LOOP2 Subroutine call for
loop2
400B H DCR B Decrement B
400C H JNZ LOOP1 Call loop1 till B
becomes 0
400F H INX H Increment memory
4010 H MOV M,D Store result in
memory
4011 H HLT Halt
4100 H LOOP2 MOV E,B
4101 H MVI A,00H Clear Accumulator
4103 H LOOP3 ADD D Add contents of D to
A
4104 H DCR E Decrement E
4105 H JNZ LOOP3 Call LOOP3 till E
becomes zero
4108 H MOV D,A Transfer contents of
A to D
4109 H RET return from
subroutine

Experiment 4 (b) - Searching the smallest number in a given array

Let us assume that the inputs are-

Address Data

8000 06

8001 55
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 Address Data

8002 22

8003 44

8004 11

8005 33

8006 66

Steps of the experiment/Algorithm-

Step 1: Load the address of the first element of the array in HL pair
Step 2: Move the count to C
Step 3: Increment the pointer
Step 4: Get the first data in B
Step 5: Decrement the count
Step 6: Increment the pointer H
Step 7: Compare the content of memory addressed by HL pair with that of A
Step8: If carry = 1, go to step 10 or if Carry = 0 go to step 9.
Step9: Move the content of memory addressed by HL to A
Step10: Decrement the count
Step11: Check for Zero of the count. If ZF = 0, go to step 6, or if ZF = 1 go to next step
Step 12: Store the smallest data in memory.
Step 13: Terminate the program

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22
 Address Labels Mnemonics Remarks
F000 LXI H,8000H Point to get array size
F003 MOV C, M Get the size of array
F004 INX H Point to actual array
F005 MOV B, M Load the first number
into B
F006 DCR C Decrease C
F007 LOOP INX H Point to next location
F008 MOV A, M Get the next number
from memory to Acc
F009 CMP B Compare Acc and B
F00A JNC SKIP if B <= A, then skip
F00D MOV B, A If CY is 1, update B
F00E SKIP DCR C Decrease C
F00F JNZ LOOP When count is not 0,
go to LOOP
F012 LXI H,9000H Point to destination
address
F015 MOV M, B Store the minimum
number
F016 HLT Terminate the
program

Precautions:

1. Memory is set to be clear after the end of the program.

2. Memory should be interred carefully otherwise its shows program has some error or it will
interrupt the program differently and executed accordingly which cannot be mitigated.
3. After editing the code, the assembly button must be preset before executing.

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 Experiment 5
Find the sum of a series of numbers

Aim: Find the sum of a series of numbers in 8085 microprocessor.

Objective:

1. To learn and understand the assembly instructions

2. To draw flow chart for addition of a series of a number
3. To develop an 8085 assembly language program to add series of a number

Components Required: 8051 Microprocessor, Jumper wires and

Breadboard, Simulator.
Theory: We are getting the value of N from memory location 8000H. We are using the
number N as count variable, in each step we are calculating (A + Count) value, and store them
into A. after adding them, the count value is decreased, thus the total series is completed .
If the number is 23H (35D), then the sum will be (35*36)/2 = 630 (276H).

Input:

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Flow Diagram:

25
Program:

26
Output:

Precautions:
1. Memory is set to be clear after the end of the program.
2. Memory should be interred carefully otherwise its shows program has some
error or it will interrupt the program differently and executed accordingly which
cannot be mitigated.
3. After editing the code, the assembly button must be preset before executing.

Conclusion: The program iterates over all the given (n number) and adds repeatedly. Thus, if
we conclude that time taken to perform one addition is constant, then time complexity of the
program is of O (n).

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 Experiment 6
Design and Implementation of 4 Bit Binary Counter Using 8051
Microcontroller

Aim: Design an 8051 µC based circuit and its associated program to

implement 4 bit binary counter using LEDs.

Components Required: 8051 Microcontroller, Crystal Oscillator,

Capacitor, Resistor, LEDs, and Breadboard.

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Circuit Diagram :

29
Steps of Experiment:
Step 1: Set any port as an output port. Here port 1 has been used and initialized
its value as FFH.
Step 2: Provide delay using internal timer or by making use of processing delay
during jump operations and decreasing general purpose register (GPR) values. To
increase delay nesting may be done.
Step 3: Put this calculated delay values in the GPR (here R0 and R1).
a) Put the calculated delay value in any GPR.
b) Decrease the GPR value.
c) Repeat step 3.b till the GPR value is 00H.
Step 4: Decrement the output port (port 1).
Step 5: Same as Step 3 to provide delay.
Step 6: Jump to Step 4 for continuous decrement.

Program with Hex Codes:

Address Code Mnemonics Comments

0000 75 90 00 MOV P1, #0F Move 0FH to port 1
0003 78 FF MOV R0, #FF Move FFH to GPR R0
0005 79 FF MOV R1, #FF Move FFH to GPR R1
Decrease R1 and jump if R1 not zero to
0007 D9 FE DJNZ R1, 0007
location 0007H
Decrease R0 and jump if R0 not zero to
0009 D8 FA DJNZ R0, 0005
location 0005H
000B 15 90 DEC P1 Decrease P1
000D 02 00 03 LJMP 0003 Jump to location 0003H

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 Experiment 7
Implementation of Up/Down Counter Using Following Input
Specifications
(a). Two General Purpose I/O Pins as Control Inputs
(b). One Interrupt Pin as a Control Pin

Aim: Design an 8051 µC based circuit and its associated program to

implement 4 bit binary up/down counter using LEDs with the stated
specifications.

Components Required: 8051 Microcontroller, Crystal Oscillator,

Capacitor, Resistor, LEDs, Breadboard, and Switches.

Experiment 7 (a):

Circuit Diagram:

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Steps of Experiment:
Step 1: Set P1 to input by putting data FFH and P2 as output by putting data 00H.
Step 2: Apply a nested loop delay using register R0 and R1.
Step 3: Check the content of P1.1 and P1.0 by ANDING P1 with 03H.
(a) If value is P1.1 is not set we jump to Step 5.
(b) Else we continue with Step 4.
Step 4: Decrease the content of output port P2 and jump to step 2.
Step 5: Check the content of P1.0.
a) If value of P1.0 is not set jump to Step 7
b) Else continue with Step 6.
Step 6: Increase content of output port P2 and jump to step 2.
Step 7: If none of the above condition is met we jump to step 2 from here
(no change in output port P2).
Program with Hex Codes:
Address Code Mnemonics Remarks
0000 75 90 FF MOV P1,#FF MOVE FF DATA TO P1
0003 75 A0 00 MOV P2,#00 MOVE 00 DATA TO P2
0006 AA A0 MOV R2,P2 COPY DATA FROM P2 TO R2
0008 79 FF MOV R1,#FF STORE DATA FF IN R1
000A 78 FF MOV R0,#FF STORE FF DATA IN R0
DECREASE R0 AND JUMP TO 000C
000C D8 FE DJNZ R0,000C IF R0
IS NOT ZERO
DECREAS R1 AND JUMP TO 000A
000E D9 FA DJNZ R1,000A IF R1
IS NOT ZERO
MOVE IMMEDIATE DATA 03H TO
0010 74 D3 MOV A,#03
ACCUMULATOR
0012 52 90 ANL P1,A AND P1 TO ACCUMULATOR
0014 E5 90 MOV A, P1 `MOVE DATA P1 TO
ACCUMULATOR

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0016 B4 00 05 CJNE A,#10,001E COMPARE ACCUMULATOR
CONTENT
WITH 10H AND JUMP TO ADDRESS
001E IF NOT EQUAL
0019 15 A0 DEC P2 DECREMENT REGISTOR P2
001B 02 00 06 LJMP 0006 JUMP TO ADDRESS 0006
CAMPARE ACCUMULATOR
001E B4 01 05 CJNE A,#01,0026 CONTENT
WITH 01H AND JUMP TO ADDRESS
0026 IF NOT EQUAL
0021 05 A0 INC P2 INCREMENET REGISTER P2
0023 02 00 06 LJMP 0006 JUMP TO ADDRESS 0006
CAMPARE ACCUMULATOR
0026 B4 10 08 CJNE A,#10,0031 CONTENT
WITH 10H AND JUMPTO ADDRESS
0031 IF NOT EQUAL
0029 7A 00 MOV R2 ,#00 MOVE DATA 00H TO R2
002B 75 A0 00 MOV P2, #00 MOVE DATA 00H TO P2
002E 02 00 06 LJMP 0006 JUMP TO ADDRESS 0006
0031 8A AD MOV P2, R2 MOVE CONTENT OF R2 IN P2
0033 02 00 06 LJMP 0006 JUMP TO ADDRESS 0006

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Experiment 7 (b)
Circuit Diagram:

Steps of Experiment:
Step 1: Set P1 to input by putting data FFH and P2 as output by putting data 00H.
Step 2: Apply a nested loop delay using register R0 and R1.
Step 3: Check the content of P1.1 and P1.0 by ANDING P1 with 03H.
(a) If value is P1.1 is not set we jump to step 5.
(b) Else we continue with step 4.
Step 4: Decrease the content of output port P2 and jump to step 2.
Step 5: Check the content of P1.0.
(a) If value of P1.0 is not set jump to step 7

(b) Else continue with step 6.

Step 6: Increase content of output port P2 and jump to step 2.
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 Step 7: If none of the above condition is met we jump to step 2 from here
(no change in output port P2).
Step 8: In case if there is an interrupt the pointer goes to 0000H. The
accumulator is used an alternator.
a) Accumulator is complemented.
b) If accumulator is not equal to zero then jump to 0068H
c) Else, push 0065H to stack.
d) Return from interrupt. Stack pops up new address becomes 0065H.
e) At 0065H, jump to 0065H again. Infinite loop.
f) At 0068H POP the stack it now has the location where interrupt

was pressed. Return from interrupt.

Program with Hex Codes:

Address Code Mnemonics Remarks

0000 02 00 50 LJMP 0050 JUMP TO 0050
0003 74 81 MOV A,#81 MOVE 81 TO ACCUMULATOR
00 05 F5 A8 MOV IE,A MOVE A TO INTERRUPT ENABLE
00 07 74 01 MOV A, #01 MOVE 01 TO A
00 09 F5 B8 MOV IP, A MOVE A TO INTERRUPT PRIORITY
000B 74 FF MOV A, #FF MOV FF TO A
0010 75 90 FF MOV P1,#FF MOVE FF DATA TO P1
0013 75 A0 00 MOV P2,#00 MOVE 00 DATA TO P2
0016 AA A0 MOV R2,P2 COPY DATA FROM P2 TO R2
0018 79 FF MOV R1,#FF STORE DATA FF IN R1
001A 78 FF MOV R0,#FF STORE FF DATA IN R0
DECREASE R0 AND JUMP TO 000C
001C D8 FE DJNZ R0,001C IF R0
IS NOT ZERO
DECREAS R1 AND JUMP TO 000A IF
001E D9 FA DJNZ R1,001A R1 IS
NOT ZERO

35
 MOVE IMMEDIATE DATA 03H TO
0020 74 D3 MOV A,#03
ACCUMULATOR

0022 52 90 ANL P1,A AND P1 TO ACCUMULATOR

0024 E5 90 MOV A, P1 `MOVE DATA P1 TO

ACCUMULATOR
COMPARE ACCUMULATOR
0026 B4 00 05 CJNE A,#10, 002E CONTENT
WITH 10H AND JUMP TO ADDRESS
001E IF NOT EQUAL
0029 15 A0 DEC P2 DECREMENT REGISTOR P2
002B 02 00 06 LJMP 0006 JUMP TO ADDRESS 0006
CAMPARE ACCUMULATOR
002E B4 01 05 CJNE A,#01, 0036 CONTENT
WITH 01H AND JUMP TO ADDRESS
0026 IF NOT EQUAL
0031 05 A0 INC P2 INCREMENET REGISTER P2
0033 02 00 06 LJMP 0016 JUMP TO ADDRESS 0006
CAMPARE ACCUMULATOR
0036 B4 10 08 CJNE A,#10,0041 CONTENT
WITH 10H AND JUMPTO ADDRESS
0031 IF NOT EQUAL
0039 7A 00 MOV R2 ,#00 MOVE DATA 00H TO R2
003B 75 A0 00 MOV P2, #00 MOVE DATA 00H TO P2
003E 02 00 06 LJMP 0016 JUMP TO ADDRESS 0006
0041 8A AD MOV P2, R2 MOVE CONTENT OF R2 IN P2
0043 02 00 06 LJMP 0006 JUMP TO ADDRESS 0006
0050 F4 CPL A COMPLEMENT A
COMPARE A TO 00 AND JUMP TO
0051 B4 00 0C CJNE A,#00,0068 0060 IF
NOT EQUAL
0054 C0 00 PUSH 00 PUSH 00 INTO STACK POINTER
0056 C0 65 PUSH 65 PUSH 30 INTO STACK POINTER
0058 32 RETI RETURN FROM INTERRUPT
0065 00 02 65 LJMP 0065 JUMP INFINITELY

36
0068 D0 81 POP SP POP ADDRESS TO STACK POINTER
006A D0 81 POP SP POP ADDRESS TO STACK POINTER
006C 32 RETI RETURN FROM INTERRUPT

37
 Experiment 8
Interfacing Two Seven Segment Displays (in Multiplexing Modes)
with an 8051 microcontroller

Aim: Design a 8051 µC based circuit and its associated program to

interface two seven segment displays.

Components Required: 8051 Microcontroller, Crystal Oscillator,

Capacitor, Resistor, LEDs, and Breadboard, and two Seven Segment Displays.

Circuit Diagram:

38
Steps of Experiment:

Step 1: Save lookup table at location 0500 and initialize it at beginning of code here.
Step 2: Set value of Register R1
to 00H Step 3: Set R0 to 32H (60
in decimal) Step 4: Take units
place of R1 to A.
Step 5: Using this value find corresponding value in lookup table for that value
and save it in ACC.
Step 6: Set P2 to print ACC value to 1st Seven Segment display (P2.0 = 0 and P2.1 = 1).
Step 7: Apply delay for some ms.
Step 8: Again take R1 value to A, take 10‟s places to A, and use this value to
save corresponding value in lookup table in ACC.
Step9: Set P2 to print ACC value in 2nd Seven Segment display (P2.0 = 1 and P2.1 = 0).
Step 10: Apply 1 sec delay.
Step 11: Increment value of R1 and Put Decimally adjusted value in A and
then this value in R1.
Step 12: Compare R1 to 60, and jump to Step3 if not equal.
Step 13: If R is 60, Jump to Step 2.

Program with Hex Codes:

Address Mnemonics Remarks
IN 0500 STARTING ADDRESS THE
0000 MOB DPTR, #0500
CODES FOR DISPLAY ARE
ENTERED
0003 MOV R1,#00
LOOP FOR ALTERNATE SENDING
0005 MOV R0,#32 FOR
ONE NUMBER
0007 MOV A,R1

39
0008 ANL A,#0F FOR KNOWING DIGIT AT UNITS
PLACE
000A MOVC A,A+DPTR
000B CLR P2.0
000D SETB P2.1
0011 MOV R2,#FF DELAY FOR SWITCHING PLACES
0013 DJNZ R2,0013
0015 MOV A,R1
0016 ANL A,#F0 FOR KNOWING DIGIT AT TENS
PLACE
0018 SWAP A
0019 MOVC A,@A+DPTR
001A SETB P2.0
001C CLR P2.1
001E MOV P1,A
0020 MOV R2,#FF
0022 DJNZ R2,0022 DELAY FOR 1SEC
0024 DJNZ R0,0007
0026 INC R1
0027 MOV A,R1
0028 DA A DECIMALLY ADJUSTING IT
0029 MOV R1,A
002A CJNE R1,#60,0005 TO STOP AFTER 59 AND START
FROM 0
002B LJMP 0003

40
 Experiment 9.
Interface a DAC with 8051 Microcontroller and Generate a Ramp Output
Through It.

Aim: Design a circuit associated program interface a DAC with 8051

microcontroller and generate a ramp output through it.

Components Required: 8051 Microcontroller, Crystal Oscillator,

Capacitor, Resistor, LEDs, and Breadboard, and DAC
.
Circuit Diagram:

41
Steps of Experiment:
Step 1: Set P1 as output port by putting data 00h to P1.
Step 2: Apply delay using nested loops using register R0 and R1.
Step 3: Increase the value of output port P1 and jump to step 2.
Ramp output is obtained at DAC output port and with value proportional to
input digital value from micro-controller.

Program with Hex Codes:

Address Code Mnemonics Remarks
0000 75 90 00 MOV P1,#00 STORE DATA 00H TO OUTPUT PORT
P1
0003 78 FF MOV R1,#FF STORE DATA FFH TO REGISTER R1
0005 79 FF MOVE R0,#FF STORE DATA FFH TO REGISTER R0
DECREASE THE CONTENT OF
0007 D9 88 DJNZ R0,
REGISTER R0 AND JUMP TO
0007
ADDRESS 0007 IF NOT
ZERO
DECREASE THE CONTENT OF
0009 D8 FA DJNZ R1, REGISTER
0005 R1 AND JUMP TO ADDRESS 0005
IF NOT ZERO
INCRESE THE CONTENT OF
000B INC P1 OUTPUT
PORT P1
000D LJMP 0003 JUMP TO ADDRESS 0003

42
 Experiment 10.
Interface an ADC with 8051 Microcontroller and Show the
Corresponding Output in Two Seven Segment Displays.

Aim: Design a circuit associated program interface an ADC with 8051

microcontroller and obtain the corresponding output in two seven segment
displays.
Components Required: 8051 Microcontroller, Crystal Oscillator,
Capacitor, Resistor, Breadboard, ADC, and Seven Segment Displays.
Circuit Diagram:

43
Steps of Experiment:
Step 1: Set +/- Vref.
Step 2: Select Input signal by sending select lines in ADC pins A, B, C.
Step 3: Send Start of conversion signal to ADC 0809.
Step 4: When EOC signal is received, set output enable signal of ADC.
Step 5: Output is received at output port selected say P2.
Step 6: Put P2 value in R1.
Step 7: Save lookup table at location 0500 and initialize it at beginning of code here.
Step 8: Take upper nibble of R1 to A by ANDING it with F0.
Step 9: Swap upper and lower nibble of ACC.
Step 10: Using this value find corresponding value in lookup table for that
value and save it in ACC.
Step 11: Set P2 to print ACC value to 1st Seven Segment display (P2.0 = 0 and P2.1 = 1).
Step 12: Apply delay for some ms.
Step 13: Take lower nibble of R1 to A by ANDING it with 0F, and use this value to
save corresponding value in lookup table in ACC.
Step 14: Set P2 to print ACC value in 2nd Seven Segment display (P2.0 = 1 and P2.1 = 0).
Step 15: Apply 0.3 sec delay.
Step 16: Jump to Step.

44
 List of Experiments of Microprocessor and Microcontroller Lab
(Course code: ECC 211)

Sl. Name of the Experiment

No

01. Introduction of 8085 Microprocessor and Its Trainer kit.

02. Performing assembly language Programming of addition,
Subtraction, multiplication, division using 8085 Microprocessors.

03. To perform sorting of 10 numbers in 8085 microprocessor

04. To find the factorial of a given number and searching the

smallest number in a given array in 8085 microprocessors.

05. Find the sum of a series of numbers in 8085 microprocessor

06. Design an 8051 µC based circuit and its associated program to

implement 4 bit binary counter using LEDs

07. Design an 8051 µC based circuit and its associated program to

implement 4 bit binary up/down counter using LEDs with the
stated specifications.

08. Design a 8051 µC based circuit and its associated program to

interface two seven segment displays.

09. Design a circuit associated program interface a DAC with 8051

microcontroller and generate a ramp output through it.

10. Interface an ADC with 8051 Microcontroller and Show the

Corresponding Output in Two Seven Segment Displays

45