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671 views34 pagesX Maths - 2 Mark - EM
Uploaded by
iyanar7456Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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/ 34
UNIT I - RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS - 2 MARKS
1. RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS ~ 2 MARKS,
LIFA = {1,3,5) and B= { 2,3}, then (j). find A x B
and BX A. (ji).IsAxB = Bx A? If not why?
(iii), Show that n(A x B) = m(B A) = n(A) x n(B).
Solution :
A=(1,3,5) , B=(2,3},
(), AxB=(13,5}x(23}
(1.2). (1,3), .2).(8,3), 6.2), G.3)Joon(4)
2,3) x{1,3,5}
(2.1), 2:3), (25). B.A), 8:3), SY} swoel2)
(i), From (1) and (2) Ax B#BXA
Because (1,2) # (2,1), (1,3) # (3.1)
(ii), (A) = 3 CB) =
From (1) and (2) n(AXB)=n(BXA)=6
n(A) x n(B) = 3x2 = 6
n(AXB) =n (BX A) =n(A) x n(B)
2.FindAXB AXA and BXA
wa {pal
B=(1,-4}
ay
2,-2.3}
(2,-2.3)
(2,0),(2,-4),
GB.0.G.-4)}
AXA =(2,-2,3}*(2,-2,3}
= ( (2,2), (2,—2), (2,3), (—2,2),(—2,-2),
(-2.3),G, 2.8,-2.8, 3}
BXA= (1,-4} (2,-2.3)
= {G, 2),4,-2),0,3),(-4, 2),
(-4-2),(-4,3)}
(i), A=B= (p,q)
AxB= (p.a}x{p.9}
@.P)..9.C4.P).(4.0))
p.aixt pa}
©.P)..9.C4.P). (4.4)
BxA=(p.q}x{p.q}
=(@,P).(0.9)C4.0).(4.4))
AXA
Gi).A={ mn}; B=
AXB=(m.n}xO=0
AxA=(m,n}x{m,n}
= ((m,m),(m,n),(n,m),(n,m)}
BxA=
3.Let A=(1,2,3) and B= {x [xis a prime number
less than 10 J. Find AX B and BX A.
Solution :
x{m yn} =
1,2,3)
{x | x isa prime number less than 10 }.
2,3,5,7)
AXB=(1,2,3} x{2,3,5,7}
(1,2), 2,3), (1, 5),(17),2,2),(2,3),
(2,5),(2.7).,2).(3,3),3,5).3.7)}
BxA=(2, 3,5, 7} (1,2,3}
={2,1,2,2),2,3),8,1,B,2),(8,3)
(,1),G,2).(5,3).(7.1),7,2).(7.3)}
4.1 Bx A= ((-2.3)-24), 0,3) 0,4), (3, 3443.4) ),
find A and B.
Solutior
BXA=((~1 2,4), (0, 3)(0, 4), 3. 3}.8.4) }
A=(3.4)
-2,0,3}
(3.2),3,4)45.2\45.4)}, then find A and B.
x
AXB=((3,2),8,4),6,2),(5,4)}
35)
2,4)
4,5,6},C=(5, 6,7 }, Show
(BX B)N(CxC).
5,6}, B=(4,5,6}, C={5,6,7}
AXA=(BXB)N (CXC)
: AXA=(5,6}x{5,6}
= (6,5). (5,6).(6,5),6 6)}oonult)
RHS: BXB=(4,5,6]x {4.5.6}
= {4.4.4 .5),4,6),(5,4,(5,5),
(5,6),(6,4),(6,5),(6,6)}
GOVERNMENT HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL
THAZHUTHALI VILLUPURAM DISTRICT UNIT I - RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS - 2 MARKS
CXC=(5,6,7 }x{5,6,7} 10. A Relation R is given by the set { (x, y)| y=x+3,
=(6,5),(5,6)(5.7.(6,5).(6, 6) ¥€{0,1,2,3,4,5}. Determine its domain and range.
(6,7).(7,5),(7,6).(7.7)}
(BXB)A CXC) = (6,5), 6,6), 6,5), 6.6) Jorwenl2)
Sol
(x.y) Ly=x43 x €(0,1,2,3,4,5}
From (1) and (2) AX A= (Bx B)A (CXC)
‘The arrow diagram shows relationship between the
sets P and Q. Write the relation in? Q
(i, Set builder form (i). Roster oe
form (ii). What is the domain and aa
range of R. 2» R= (,3),,4),2,5),B,6),(4,7),6,8)}
Solution : * Domain = {0,1,2,3,4,5}
(i), Set builder form of Relation Range = (3,4,5,6,7,8}
R=((x,y ly=x-2,x€ P, yEQ) AL Let X={1,2,3,4) and ¥=(2,4,6,8,10} and
(i), Roster form of Relation = ((5,3 ), (6,4 ),(7.5)} R= ((1,2), 2,4)43,6)(4,8)}. Show that R is a function
(ii), Domain = (5,6,7} and Range = (3,4 5} kate Som, co tomes eo oe?
‘Solution : rs Y
B.Let A= {1,234.0
5} and be dhe relation Gein Allelements in domain have only
as “isa square of” on A. Write R asa sub set of AxA. | one images in co-domain, .
Also, find the domain and range of R. ‘So, the relation R is function. e
Solution Domain (1,2,3,4}
AS) Co-domain ¥ = (2,4,6,8 10)
R isthe relation defined as “ia square of “on A. Range = (2,4,6,8 }
R= {(1,1),(2,4), (3,9), (4,16), (5,25), (6, 36)} | 12 A relation f : X + ¥ is defined by f(x) =x7-2
ROAXA where, X= {-2,-1,0,3} and Y=R.
Domain ={1,2,3,4,5,6} (i). List the elements of f (ii) Is f a function?
Range ={1,4,9,16,25,36 } Solution :
, f@)=x2-2. X={-2,-1,0,3}
9. Let A = {1,2,3.4,...,100} and R be the relation defined
. (i. F(-2) = (-2P —
a5 “is acube of” on A Write Ras a sub set of AxA.
Also, find the domain and if Re (Gs
ete . £00) = (0)? =2
£3) = 3)? -2=7
A=(1.2.3.4 snon100)
f ={(-2,2),(-1,-1),(0,-2), .7)}
R is the relation defined as “is a cube of “on A.
= (1,1), (2,8), (3,27), 4,64)}
RGAXA
1,2,3,4}
Range ={1,8,27,64 }
(i). All elements in domain have unique images in
co-domain. So, f — isa function,
13, Let f= (0,9) 4 EN and y
on N. Find the domain, co-domain and range. Is this
} bea relation
Domain
relation a function?
GOVERNMENT HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL THAZHUTHALI VILLUPURAM DISTRICT UNIT I - RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS - 2 MARKS
Soh
f= {(x,y)le.y Nand y = 28} (AE
Domain = (1,2,3,4y.u} | NS
Co-domain = {1,2,3,4 004} x)
ange = (2,4,6,8, 0} iS :
Al the elements In domaln fave only one images in
conomain So, f ls function
14. Let X = (3, 4, 6, 8}. Determine whether the relation
R=((x, fix))/ EX, fx) 227+ 1) is a function
19. If A = {-2,-1, 0,1, 2) and f: A+B is an onto
function defined by f(x) =22-+x+1 then find B.
-2)8 + (-2)41=3
Hee (I ti=1
0) + 0) +
a? +()+1=
from X to N? fQ)= @F+@)+
Solution : Range of f ={1,3,7)
X=(3,4,6,8) Inonto function, Range of f = Co-domain
R=((x,fO@))IXEX, (=x 41) . B=(1,3,7).
foo a 20.Let f be a function from R to R defined by
f@)=3x—5. Find the values of a and b given
x=3— f(@)=941=10 hat (a, 4) and (1, b) belong to f.
x=4—9 f(@)=16+1=17 Solution:
ae fO)=3x-5, f=((x3x-5)]rER}
(a,4) means the image of a is 4
= f= 6441265
R=( (3:0),(4,17),(6,37),(8,65)) oe
All the elements in domain have unique images in co-domain. ae
+ The relation R: XN isa function oa
a=3
17.A plane is flying at a speed of 500 km per hour.
(1,b) means the image of 1 is b
Express the distance d travelled by the plane as
function of time t in hours. fa=b
Solution : 3Q)-S=b
speed of plane = 500 km/hr b=-2
Time hours 21, Show that the function f: N — N defined by
Se) =2x~1 is one-one but not onto,
Distance = Speed x Time .
dt) =Soot Solution:
18. Let A=(1,2,3} , B=(4,5,6,7) and
FINN, fX)=2x-1
(1,4), 2,5}, 3,6) be a Fonction from A to B. pee ees
ee that f is one-one but not onto function. x=3 = f@)=6-1=5
Solon: =1
{1.2.3} , B=(4,5,6,7} - x=4 = f(A) “
F=(,4),(2,5),(3,6)} = Different elements in domain have different
Different elements in domain have different images _|™##es In co-domain. So, f is one ~ one function,
in co-domain. So, itis one ~ one function Co-domain }
The element 7 in co-domain does not have any Range ={1,3,5,7,.
pre-imagesin domain. So, its not onto function. Co-domain + Range
FF isone~one but not onto function. 4 feisnot onto.
GOVERNMENT HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL 2 THAZHUTHALI VILLUPURAM DISTRICT UNIT I - RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS - 2 MARKS
22. Show that the function FN —N defined by |30.Find the value of ke such that fog =gof for the
f(m) =m? +m+3 is one-one function, following:
s @. fq) = 3x42, g(x) = 6x-k
Pi ba 0, f(a) = 2x-k, g(x) = 4x45.
x= = f()=14143=5 oe
=2 = /@= 25 laa
fee Oe @. f@)=3r+2 , g@)=6r-k
x53 f@)=94343=15 fearaeh
XS4 = f(4)= 164443 23 voor £(90) = 9)
Different elements in domain have different f(6x—K) = gBx +2)
3(6x —k) +2 = 6(3x+2)—k
images in co-domain. So , f is one — one function, fae ape ieee
23. Let A={1,2,3,4} and B=N. Let f:A>B be —3k+2 2-k
defined by /G) =% then, G.find the range of f
(ii). identify the type of function.
Soh
B=N (i). f@)=2x-k , glx) =4x4+5
fog=gef
Mo x51 > fapert=1 F(9@) = 9F@)
: flax +5) = g2x—k)
x=2 = fQ)=2=8 2(ax +5) k= 42x —- +5
x=3 = f@)=39=27 Ox+10—k =8x—4k+5
x=4 = f(4)=49 =64 10-k=—4k +5
Range of f =( 1,8,27,64) mkt 4k
(ii). Different elements in domain have different 3k=-5
images in co-domain. So, f is one — one function. k=-3
cor 31. Find k if fof(ke) = 5, where f(k) = 2k
Codomain = N =(1,2,3,4, Sys.) [Suid
Range ={ 1,8,27,64} fe) =2k=1
Co-domain # Range feof =5
2 feisnotonto. f is into function. (fo) =5
ff isone—one and into function fQk-1)=5
24. Let A = {-1,1}, B=(0,2}.If the function 2k -1)-1=5
PiA~B defined by /()=ax+b is an onto
fovetion? Find @ and 2. 4k-3=5
k=2
={-1,1}, B={0,2} 32. Let f(x) 1. Find (0. fof.
. Solution:
ee fo) =x2-1
-1)=0 = -atb
us at 0 feof =F(F00)
fQ)=2— atb=2 a,
+e) = 1
(2) a=1
a=1, b=1
GOVERNMENT HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL - THAZHUTHALI VILLUPURAM DISTRICT UNIT Il = NUMBERS AND SEQUENCES ~ 2 MARKS
IL. NUMBERS AND SEQUENCES ~ 2 MARKS
LIT the Highest Common Factor of 210 and 55 is
expressible in the form 55x~325, find x.
Solution :
By Euclie’s division lemma, a=bq+r , OSr<|b|
210=55x3445
55 =45x 1410
45= 10445
10=5x2+0
Remainder
® HOF of (210,55) =5
55x ~ 325 =5
55x
30
2. Find the greatest number that will divide 445 and
‘572 leaving remainders 4 and § respectively.
Solution:
Required number is the HCF of the number
445 — 567
1572-5.
By Euclid’s division lemma, a=bq+r , 0
(
2041
=21
Sum of ist n terms ofan AP 5, =% a+]
For Practice :
Find the sum of the following
6413-4204 vecssenct 97
19. Find the sum of the following
().3, 7, 11... up to 40 terms
(Ans: 721)
Up to 40 terms
d=7-3=4 , n=40
72a (n-1)d ]
a7
Sum of frst m terms of an AP Sy
Syo = 2 [2x34 40-194]
20 [6 +39 x 4]
20 [6 + 156]
= 20x 162
Sig = 3240
3, y=17 ,2=31
GOVERNMENT HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL
‘THAZHUTHAL VILLUPURAM DISTRICT UNIT Il = NUMBERS AND SEQUENCES ~ 2 MARKS.
For Practice 23, Find the sum of first six terms of the G-P.S, 15, 48,
Find the sum of the following i
102, 97, 92,.....- up t0 27 terms. (Ans: 999) GP Sequence : 5,15,45,
20, Find the G.P. whose first term and common ratios A
General form ofan GP =a, ar, ar? ,
ATX 6, $7 XB, son
=-7,-42 ,-252
(i). @=256, r= 05
General form of an GP =a, ar, ar? ,
= 256, 256 x 0.5, 256 x (0.5),
= 256 , 128 , 64,
2.Find the sum3+1+ 4
Saluton:
Series | 341424 ae
For Practice :
Find the GP. whose first term and common ratios. ee 2 acer cal
ane given by ‘Sum of infinite terms Sis =
(.4=6,1=3 (AnS 6, 18 | 54 come)
21. In a GP. 729, 243, Blyosoes find fy.
Solution 5
GP Sequence = 729,243, 81, d
a=729 , r=B at Sa = 3
For Practice
Find the sum to infinity of
General term of anG.P t, = ar"-?
t= 729x(2)
et 0.943414. (Ans: Soo =
: 21-4 14428... (Ans: Sa, = 63)
For Practice 25. Ifthe first term of an infinite G.P. is 8 and its sum to
Find the 84 term of the G.P.9,3, Ione (Ansty ==) | infinity ts 2 then find the common rato
22. Find x s0 that x+6,x+12 and x+15 are | Solution:
x46, x412 x+15 areinGP
t
s
(e+ 12)? = (x + 15) + 6)
xP 4 24x $144 =x? + 21x +90
ahs Ab ole ltt ale of
Common ratio 7 =
GOVERNMENT HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL ‘THAZHUTHAL VILLUPURAM DISTRICT UNIT Il = NUMBERS AND SEQUENCES ~ 2 MARKS.
26, Find the sum of
DFE H SO (DIG ITH IB. +75.
24465 480 OLS ha AD
(yd t3454. +88
‘Solution:
(i). 14243 4- +50
14243 btn SD
DADE BE 50 = EOD
2
225 x51
= 125
(il). 16 + 17 + 1B to na ATS
Sum of natural numbers from p to a
sum =(4tp(q-p+1)
z
16417 418-4 araect 7
ane
2
= 91x30
=2730
(ii)..2 +4464 oo $80,
24+44+64+- woe $80 = 201 +2 + 34... 440)
142434 nachn = MED
eaaimaeen
a 2xiet
= 1610
(WAS Se AO arms
Sum of frst n odd natural numbers =n?
143454 »+ 40 terms = 40?
(v). 14+34+5+- et SS
LAB ES Hono 55 = (24)
Bey
= (28)?
27. Find the sum of
@. P+? +... 419 O14 P+ P+ + 16
solution:
(i). 1? +2? + +19
BEDE ben? = URE aH DD
P42 bong gto = AMID Ve)
= 270
). 1° +2 +37 +--.. $167
B42 4334 gn? = LOU}
PABA B Ho oe anee 168 = PERGEEUY
= 1367
= 18496
281243 4. R= 325, then find B+ 24344
142434 4k = 325
EUS) 325
BDA S to a RP = EE
= (325)?
PHB EB eet KP = 105625
29.UP+PEF +.
+e
100, then Find 14243+...4h
+2 +See .+K8 = 44100
[AYP = aan00
[DP = roy
KOH) 4g
142434 +k=210
30.1 142434... +m = 666 then find n.
‘Solution
net)
L424 3 Hoch =
666
nomen)
n? +n—1332=0
(n+37)(n-36) =0
n=-37 , n=36
n#-37 n=36
GOVERNMENT HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL
‘THAZHUTHAL VILLUPURAM DISTRICT UNIT IIl- ALGEBRA - 2 MARKS
TIL. ALGEBRA - 2 MARKS (ii). eee Se
1. Find the LCM of the following: (i).8xy?, 48x7y* *
(ii)Sx—10 ,5x*-20 i.x-1 yx 2v4 1
Pct
(iv). p?—3p +2, P—4 (v.22? —Sx—-3, 42-36 |") GED GED
Solution ours 18 _ = 9)Cx- 2)
(wy, SAAB
ity? , 4Bx2y* cae
LOM of (8,48
Lem of (xty®, x2y4) wy atta. arcs)
4 LeMof (Bxty? , 48x2y*) = 40xty* Fear Tole e 9)
- ae SS
a ee FG+0G-)
Sx -10=5(x-2) :
Sx? — 20 = 5(x? — 4) ZS
a5e42)—2) 3.Find the excluded values of following expressions
+10 ‘7242 y
+ UM =5 (x +2)(x—2) ©, (i). eee
x-2e41 : ae
Wet. wee
4-1 =@27-1 Fei wae
(2 +121) —
=@7+D@+D@-0 et aa
—2xt1=(e-1)? If 8x =0 or x=0 , the expression is undefined
2M =? 44-1? The excluded value is 0
ape?
(wv). p?—3p +2, pt—4 (0. ee aes
ee perigee GoD
F—4= P+ 2)(-2) :
7 Coes it p= or p=-1, the expression is undefined
LM = (p— 1) —2)(p +2)
(we2et—se-3 , 422-36 The excluded value are ~= and
2x? — 5x —3 = (2x + 1)(e-3) in - »
es FB FF GOOD
mae ede -3) ify =5 or y=-5 , the expression is undefined
lem = 40043)¢— 92x +1) The excluded value are 5 ,—5
2.Reduee the rational expressions toits lowest form —_ | iv. oust < Gea)Gea)
Wf t=2 or £=3 , theexpressionis undefined
og “The excluded value are 2, 3
Spores Grire2) et
xoa O. Feat GHDG-D rt
IED If x=1_ , the expression is undefined
1
ons The excluded value is 1
GOVERNMENT HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL = THAZHUTHAL! VILLUPURAM DISTRICT UNIT IIl- ALGEBRA - 2 MARKS
4, Multiply and simplify :
" Z zy 3) p-10p +21. p?+p—12
5 by ee
‘az
ior
By Wee
0 apt 38 aay
im oe BAB = DU=» ¢ (0+ 90-9
pat Goa pat oF
co 2)
(i,
aay?
ay
Gare
aie ga-4 _(ar4)(ana)
Ba 3 3 (a
(at s)Ca- 1)
3(ar ey
sary
(ars ycan2y
2 (ar a2)
= (ataycan2y
2(a-2)taea)
find the value
7. If a polynomial p(x)= x? — Sx — 14 is divided by
another polynomial q(x), we get 2, find g(x).
Solution :
p(x) = x? —5x—14
wae
fomcte pet
a ae
ances) ort
wa ase
a) =e = D(x +2) x2
(x + 27
q@) =x 44x44
8, Simplify =
pet), 20-0 el
@. 2 (ii). 3S
Solution ;
OSes ape Sete
i.
yIGR+ wey?)
ax + xy ty?
‘9.Find the square root of the following expressions
(.2560¢-a)* (xb) 2-0)" (x—d)
ae) 144a%bt2cto
Spt
121 (a+b)® (xty)® (b~
(b-e)*(a-b)*(b—ey*
Solution
(i)... §256(x = a)®(x = b)*(x = €)6(x = dd)?
= 16 |(x—a)* (x — bY (x- 0) (e-)?|
(i,
400rty!2z%6
(iv).
(att) (mn,
ao J221 (a +b)" (x+y)"(b~c)” _ 11] (a+ b)* (x+y) (D-C*
= Gta sas oF (iy, PEMGtep ee Od. Berm ar ye o)
= eo 5 Meee fr a" 0" Gn0! 3 PO oF evo
: 8 ae rae yy
3 9 (a= bye
GOVERNMENT HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL =
‘THAZHUTHALI VILLUPURAM DISTRICT UNIT IIl- ALGEBRA - 2 MARKS
10, Find the zeros of the quadratic expression x°+ 8x +12
let px) =? +8x+12
+2) +6)
p(-2) = 4-16 +12=0
p(-6) = 36-48 +12 =0
Zeros of p(x) =x? +8x+12 are -2 and -6
LLWrite down the quadratic equation in general form
for which sum and product of the roots are given
below.
@.9,14
1
WF
34
lution:
Sum of roots =9 , Productofroots = 14
2x2 — (sum of roots } x + product of roots
0
x?-9x+14=0
|. Sum of roots
Z , Product of roots
(sum of roots ) x + product of roots = 0
-(Z)rt
ele
2474520
‘Sum of roots
5
3, Product of roots = 4
(sum of roots )x + product of roots = 0
Product of roots af
kx? —k?x—2k3 = 0
,b=-K,
(i,
Sum of root a +f = —'
Product of roots af
(Wx? 43x20
a=1,b=3,
sum ofroats +p =—2
Product of roots af =
For Practice
Find the sum and product of the roots for each of the
following quadratic equations:
(2845x4720
i).x7 + 3r-28=0 (Ans: =
28)
ii), 8-25 =0 (Ans: 0, =)
13, Solve the following quadratic equations by formula
method.
(x7 42e-2=0 2x -3r-3=0
wafe¢40
+ The equation will have real and unequal roots.
(i), 9x? — 24x +16 =0
a=9,b=-24,¢
0? - 4ac
A= (-24)? -— 4(9)(16)
576-576
a=0
+ The equation will have real and equal roots
(i), 2x? 2 49 =0
a=2,b=-2,¢
A= B? - ac
(—2)? = 4(2)(9)
4-72
A= -08 <0
+: The equation will have no real roots
For Practice :
Determine the nature of roots for the following quadratic
‘equations,
(Se + Ix + (Ans real and unequal )
Gi). V2 - 34+ 3V2=0 (Ans : no real roots )
(ii). 99° v2 y +2=0 (Ans real and equal
16. Find the value(s) of *k’ for which the roots of the
following equations are real and equal.
(), Gk ~6 x72 H1=0
Solution :
9x3 + 3kx + 4=0
(i (Gk 6)x? + 2kx +1=0
Sk—6) , b=2k
e=1
Given quadratic equation has real and equal roots ,
A=0
bP — dac
(ip? = 4(Sk - 6)(1)
4k? — 20k +24=0
K2 - Sk4+6=0
(k- 2-3) =0
k-2=0,k-3=0
k=2,3
3B
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(il), 9x2 + 3kx +4=0
b=3k, c=4
Given quadratic equation has real and equal roots ,
17. Ifthe difference between the roots of the equation
Pode + k =0is 17 find k.
Solution ;
x?-13x+k=0 = a=1,
Sum of roots «+
Product of roots af =
Given: @— = 17
wet: (a +B)? ~(a~ f)? = 4ap
(13)? - [177 = 4
169-289 = 4k
4k = -120
7)
18. If , 8 are the roots of 7x°+ax+2=0 and if
=2 Find the value of a
Ix? tax+2=0 > a=7,b=a
Sum of roots a+
Product of roots ap
Given: Ba 2
See
WaT: (a+)? —(a—f)? = 4ap,
‘Solution
a=
then find k.
Solution,
By? + ky +8:
a=3,b=k,
let a=a,p
Sum of roots +f
ata
Sum of roots «+
at 2a
0
81
19. 1f one root of the equation 2y
twice the other, then find the values of a.
2y? — ay +64=0
=-a, c= 64
Given: One roots is twice the other
let a= a , B=2a
20. If the root of the equation 3x7 +kx +81=0
(having real roots) is the square of the other
Given : one root is square of the other
ay +64= 0
(1)
2 (1)
@) 5 Product of roots aff =
e409 7 aa*
{from (2)
“15
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21. Construct a 3x3 matrix whose elements are
Solution ;
General form of 3 x3 Matrix
a(S Se) acer
ay, x01? mini
a2 =1? x22 =1x4=4;
ayy = 12x32 =1x9
ay =2 x =4x1=
ag, = 2x22 =4K4= 16
az = 22 x3? =4x9= 36;
ay, = 3? x1? =9x1=9;
ayy = 3? X27 = 9x4 = 36;
ay = 3? x3? = 9x9 =81;
1409
reaimaii a (1 16 36)
936 BL
22. Construct a 3 x 3 matrix whose elements are
given by. ay=Hl—2j]
Solution:
ay =e)
General form of 3 x3 Matrix
a=(e a #)
a a a3
ayy = [1 - 2(1)] = [1-21 = |=
f1-2@)| = 1-41 = [531
11-23) }1 — 6] = |-5]
ay, = |2—2(1)|
432 = [2 2@)] = 2-4 =
@z3 = [2 — 2(3)| = [2 - 6]
ay, = [8-20] = [3-21 = [1 =1
nee aera
ie
af )-@ 9 «(2)-()
9-8) w(2')-(
® @a-G 9
ifmatrce are equa corresponding elements are equal
x=3,y=12, 2=3
"(EO
xtytz
(a)
XA Z=S senna)
ye (3)
@) 3 xt7=9 = x
@Q— I+2
=
24, If a matrix has 16 elements, what are the
possible orders it can have?
Solution
If @ matrix has 16 elements , then possible orders are
1x16, 16 x1, 4x4, 2x8, 8x2
25.Lf a matrix has 18 elements,what are the possible
orders it can have? What if it has 6 elements?
Solution :
Ia matrix has 18 elements, then possible orders are
1X18, 18X1,2x9,9x2,3x6, 6x3
I a matrix has 6 elements, then possible orders are
1x6, 6x1, 2x3, 3x2
S43
26.10 A (1 -7 2) then find the transpose of A.
a8 2)
Solution :
a2 = [3-221 = 13-4] 5 4 3
33 = [3 ~ 2(3)| = [3 - 6] a(i 7 3)
d
(23) (63)
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170
131) findA+B,
Gy
)
SN (70
s)+(1 31
o/ \2 40
;
3-2
4 6
9
1
5
-3 2
543 621)
a)
“s
\.>0($), meas
3
7 8
G49).+G3)
329 6
A
Order of B= 3
Order of A# Order of B
Itis not possible to add A and B
7 8 6 4 1 -3
saa=(4 3 ).n-(<1 2 *),
4 3-1 7s 6
then find 2A +B.
‘Solution
78
msena(1 3 3
43
1416
-(2 ¢
“8 6
18 27 9
-(4 3
1
5 4-2
s2itA=(2 = V2),B=
19 4
find 4A ~3B.
Solution
5 4 -2
sa—ae—s{2 3 yz}~2
19 4
2 16 -8
-(2 3 we
4 36 16
049 738
sat a=(9 4 2),B=(7 3 8),tindthe value
of, B-5A |. 3-98.
Solution :
-(0 49 78
4-63) 9G 4 9)
73 8) <0 4 9
om posaa(T 4G 9)-5G 3 9)
73 8)4(0 -20 ~45
. “GDC 8)
: =(2, 27 23
-39 -11 -26
tm, 3a-98 = 39 3 9)-9(7 3 8
12 27), (63 -27 -72
9 a)*(29 36 -a)
158-45
27-60:
16
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UNIT IIl- ALGE!
a a3 1
1B @ 4 1) And AB,
1B 42
83 1
),
a
79... -#=(
ae
120) ( )
G2 OxG ai
w-@ BD
35. Find the order of the product matrix AB if.
i) (ii)
Solution.
(ii). Orderof A=4x3 , OrderofB =3x2
36. ICA is of order pxq and B is of order qxr
what is the order of AB and BA?
Solution
Order of A = pxq
Order of 8 = qxr
Column of A = Row of 8
Order of AB = pxr
Column of 8 # Row of A
«+ Order of BA is not defined
at 2 0
ar. A=(7 3) + B=({ 3)+ find ABand Ba.
Check if AB=BA.
Solution :
21 y (2 0 =(2 %,(2 2
a= a) 3) | ®4=G a)*G 3)
att 043) = (42 249)
243 049 243 149
= 3 a(t 2
an=G 9 sa=(5 0)
AB + BA
For Practice
2) find AB.BA and
(Ans: AB # BA )
Solution,
eae
3
GG i
ae=(5 DC, 7) | m=
= (128 ~2#2) Gas 22
3-3 —6+1 “343-641
- 4) “CG 5)
AB =BA
39. Verify that A?=I , when A =
dG
=G230 “as t2s)
209
Of
ul
40..Find X and Y if X+¥
7
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IV. GEOMETRY - 2 MARKS
LShow that A PST ~APQR
@. »
Solution
().In APST and APQR
Ps z
EE ond £P tscarmon
PQ
by SASsimilarity , A PST ~ APQR
(i). in APST and APQR
B=
meee 2
me Faas
Fer Be and 2P is common,
bySAS similarity, A PST ~ APQR
2. The perimeters of two similar triangles ABC and
POR are respectively 36 cm and 24em . If PQ = 10em,
find AB.
Solution,
The ratio of the corresponding.
Sides of similar triangles is same
as the ratio of their perimeters.
Since, ABC ~ APQR
ap _sc_ac_se | :
aoa ags
PQ
aox10
AB= 15cm
3. If A ABC is similar to 4 DEF such that BC = 3cm,
EF =4em and area of A ABC = 54cm’, Find the
area of A DEF.
ABS
ution.
‘The ratio of area of two similar triangles is equal to the
ratio of the squares of any two corresponding sides.
co
‘Area of (ABO)
‘Areaof DEF)
Breet DEF
oss
‘Area of DEF = 2%
‘Area of 8 DEF = 96 cm®
4. IfA ABC ~ ADEF such that area of A ABCis 9 em?
and the area of ADEF is 16 em? and BC =2.1 em.
Find the length of ER.
Solution
Given: A ABC ~ ADEF
Area of (ABC)
, BC = 2.1em
Area of (ADEF) = 16cm?
‘Area of (AABC)
oF SDEF)
2. oH
ie
pre = xen!
ora 222
EF = 28cm
5. A boy of height 90 emis walking away from the
base of a lamp post at a speed of 1.2m/sec. If the
lamp post is 3.6m above the ground , find the
length of his shadow cast after 4 seconds.
Solution :
Speed
Time
Distance
BE _ AB
H=4 (900m
Since A ABE ~ ACDE
9m)
4Bbxah
3x=48
6m
The length of his shadow DE = 1.6 m
18
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-2,AB=x+2
sof the sides
6.In AABC, if DE || BC, AD = x, DB =.
and EC=x~1, then find the lengths
AB and AC.
Solution
In ABC , DEI BC
By Thales theorem ,
iC
xe (x-2)@ +42)
a4
4
When x= 4, DB=x-2=4-2=2
AE=x+2 =442=6, EC=x-1=4-1=3
AB=AD+DB=4+2=6
AC=AE +EC=64+3=9
7.1n AABC, D and E. are points on the sides AB
and AC respectively such that DE || BC
3 and AC = 15 em, find AE,
a0
"bp
let AE=x
().tn GBC oe ec, 42=2 and AC=35.em
15-x
a0 _ Ae
pn tc
By Thales theorem ,
8.D and E are respectively the points on the
ides AB and AC of a AABC such that
AB = 5.6 em, AD = L4em, AC =7.2 em and
AE = 1.8 cm, show that DE || BC.
+ By converse of BPT theorem, DE | BC.
For Practice
In 4 ABC, D and E are points on the sides AB and AC
respectively. Show that DE || BC if AB= 12cm,
AD =8c, AE= I2emand AC = 18 em,
‘9. In the given figure, AD is the bisector of ZA. If
BD = dem, DC = 3em and AB = 6em, find AC.
Solution
In BABC , AD isthe bisector of ZA
By Angle bisector theorem
‘
4ac
Ac Tom D3 om
AC= 450m Fig. 439
10.In the given figure, AD is the bisector of ZBAC,
if AB = 10cm, AC = 14em and BC = 6cm. Find
B
BD and DC.
Solution,
Given: AB=10cem,AC= 14cm , BC=6em
Let BI
pc
AD Is the angle bisector of 2BAC
By angle bisector theorem ,
av
ac
xem, 6-x cm
—x=6-25
35cm
Sem , DC
For Practice :
Gi. AB= 40m, AC= 6em, BD = 1.6m and CD=2.4 em,
(Ans : bisector of 2A)
Solution,
(i). AB = 5 em, AC= 10cm , BD = 1.5 em and CD = 3.5 em.
By converse of angle bisector theorem ,
AD is not the bisector of 2A
19
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12. What length of ladder is needed to 4
reach a height of 7 ft along the wall
when the base of the ladder is 4 ft
from the wall? Round off your
answer to the next tenth place.
Solution
Let length of ladder
BC= Afeet ,AC= 7 feet
Tet
ABS x
By Pythagoras theorem ,
AB? = AC? + BC?
ea Pee
xt= 49+ 16
x= 65
x= 65
8.0622
Length of ladder x = 8.1 feet.
13, A man goes 18 m due east and then 24m due
north, Find the distance of his current position
from the starting point?
Solution ;
Given: AB=18m , BC=24m is
By Pythagoras theorem ,
AC? = AB?+ BC? 24m
= 18+ 247
324+ 576
‘AC? = 900 A itm 8
AC = V900
AC= 30m
Distance between starting postion and final position = 30 m
14, Find the length of the tangent drawn from a
point whose distance from the centre of a circle
is 5 cm and radius of the circle is 3 em.
Solution :
Given: OP =5 cm
In right angled 8 OTP,
by Pythagoras theorem
op? = oT? + PT?
5? = 3? + PT?
Pr? =25-9
Pr? = 16
Length of tangent PT = 4.cm
radius r= 3.em,
15, The length of the tangent to a cirele from a
point P,, which is 25 em away from the centre
is 24 cm. What is the radius of the circle?
Solution
Given : OP =25 Length of tangent 7
InAOTP,, OT 1 TP , By Pythagoras theorem
= 24cm
op? = oF? + TP?
25? = OT? +24?
OT? = 625-576
or? =49
Radius OT = 7 em
16. In the given figure ,A ABC
circumscribing a circle.
ind the length of BC.
‘Solution: #
‘Tangents drawn from same external point are equal.
ANSAM=3em , BN=BL=4em
17.If radii of two concentric circles are dem and
5m then find the length of the chord of one
circle which is a tangent to the other circle.
olution
Given: OA=4cm,0B=5, OALBC
In right angled A.OAB,
By Pythagoras theorem ,
0B? = OA? + AB*
5? = 4? 4 AB?
AB? = 25-16
ABR =9
is
AB =3em
BC = 2AB
6m
Length of chord BC = 2 x
7
For Practice:
25, In two concentric circles, a chord of length 16cm
of larger circle becomes a tangent to the smaller
circle whose radius is 6cm. find the radius of the
larger circle.
20
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‘THAZHUTHALI VILLUPURAM DISTRICT UNIT V - COORDINATE GEOMETRY - 2 MARKS.
V.COORDINATE GEOMETRY ~ 2 MARKS
1.Find the area of the triangle whose vertices are
(-3, 5), (5,6) and (5, — 2).
Solution :
Given points : A(-3, 5),B(5,-2),C(5, 6)
1/-8 0
34 Sl
= 3 [64 +0)
=7 64)
‘Area of AABC = 32 Squnits
2.Find the area of the triangle formed by the points
(.4,-1), (4,6) and (3,-5)
For Practice :
Gi) (10,4), (8,1) and (—3,=5) (Ans : 11.5 squnits)
Solution ;
(1 ,=1),(-4, 6) and (-3,-5)
Taking points in anticlockwise direction (1.6)
ACI ,-1),B(-4, 6) , €(-3,-5)
1PM Hy
wreaot aac =3[317 3 32739
=1[ 103 33]
“21-145 645
=2[¢ ol
ile in
=F 144-4) ]
= 3 (48)
Area of AABC = 24 Squnits
3. Show that the points P(~
are collinear.
Solution,
Given points: P(-15, 3), Q(6 ,-2), R(-3,4)
3), Q(6, -2) ,R(-3,4)
-%s
1543
3-4
a1p1s 9
7
(949)
Area of A PQR =0
Arenot A ABC Bony
643
-2-4
il
+ The given three points are collinear.
4, Determine whether the set of points are collinear?
(@. (5,3), (5,6) and (-8, 8)
Solutic
-A(-}.3) .B(-S,6) and ¢(-8, 8)
e1parss a3
ily-y Ya-Ys
at [0548 548)
zl 3-8 6-8
21% 3)
15 (-15)]
Area of A ABC
Area of ABC =0
+ The given three points are collinear.
5. If the area of the triangle formed by the vertices
A(-1, 2), B(k ,—2) and C(7, 4 ) (taken in order)
is 22 sqaunits, find the value of k.
Solution :
Given points: A(=1,2), BCK 2), C(7.4)
Areaot AABC = 22sq.units
mom mom
nom mov)
prin? k-7 7,
Alay Sw ]-%
1p-8 k-7y_
Fd er
48 = (-2k +14) = 44
48+ 2k-14= 44
2k = 44-34
2k = 10
k=5
a
coven onan scononny seta. LS para wuuruna OsTRer UNIT V - COORDINATE GEOMETRY - 2 MARKS.
6. Find the value of ‘a’ for w
the
are collinear. (2,3), (4,a) and (6,—3)
Solution
iFalven points (2,3),(4,a), (6,—3) are colinear,
Area of triangle =0
eee
tbi-n xoxl=?
1[2-6 4-6
iL5y3 asa l=°
1[-4 -2
zl6 a+3l=°
[@a+6)~(a+6)]=0
4a =0
a=0
7. What is the slope of a line whose inclination with
positive direction of x-axis is
(.90° Gi.0". Gi). 30°
(0, Angle of inctination —@ = 90°
Slope m = tan
an 90°
The slope is undefined
e=0°
(i), Angle of inclination
Slope m = tan
m= tano®
Slope m= 0
(i, ‘Angle of inclination @ = 30°
Slope _m=tand
m= tan30°
Slope m =
8. What is the inclination of a line whose slope is
0.0 dia. (ii). v3
Solution ;
(i. Slope m = 0
m=tand =0
‘Angle of inclination @
(i
Slope m
m=tan@=1
Angle of inclination 8
Slope m = V3
m= tan =¥3
(ii,
‘Angle of inclination @ = 60°
9, Find the slope of a line joining the given points
(6,1) and (-3,2) ii). (14,10) and (14,6)
(iii)(sin 0, — cos 0) and (—sin 0, cos 0)
Solution :
(0. (6, 1) and (3, 2)
Slope m = 2%
Slope m =4
(i). 44, 10) and (14,6)
ve
Sipe m = 222
slope m = ==18
x16
7
The slope is undefined .
(iii, (Sin@ ,=cos@) and (—sin8 , cos)
yon
Slope m =
= 0080 + cose
= ying = sind
eos
ind
Slope _m =—coto
For Practice
Find the slope of a line joining the given points,
(@., V5) with the origin (Ans )
(Ans
10.The line r passes through the points (—2, 2) and
(5,8) and the line s passes through the points
(8.7) and (—2, 0). Is the line r perpendicular to 8
Solution ;
Slope m
Slope of the liner, m;
Slope of the line s, mz
my Xm,
my X mz =
Theline ris perpendicular to line s
a UNIT V - COORDINATE GEOMETRY - 2 MARKS.
LL. The line p passes through the points (3-2), (12,4)
and the line q passes through the points (6 2)
and (12,2). Is p parallel to q?
Solution :
Slope m = 22=%
Siope oftheline p,m, =4t2=$=2
Slope of the line q , m= 3*>=2=2
Slope of the line p = Slope of the line q
The line p is parallel to line q.
12. Show that the given points are collinear.
(-3,-4), (7, 2) and (12,5).
Solution,
Given points: A(-3,—4) ,B(7, 2), C(42, 5)
Slope m = 22=2
Slope of AB =
Slopeof BC =
Slope of AB = Slope of BC
The given points A, B ,C are collinear.
For Practice :
Show that the points (2, 5), (6,1) and (2,2)
are collinear
13. If the three points (3 1) , (a ,3), (1,—3) are
collinear, find the value of a.
Solution :
Given points : A(3,—1) ,B(a, 3), C(1,-3)
IF given three points ae collinear,
Slope of AB = Slopeof BC
yon
Slope m
a=7
14, The line through the points (~2, a) and (9 , 3)
has slope =. Find the value of a.
ution.
Given points: (-2, a), (9, 3)
Slope = —2
15, The line through the points (—2,6) and (4,8)
is perpendicular to the line through the points
(8,12) and (x , 24), Find the value of x.
Solution :
Slope =
let A(-2, 6), B(4, 8)
Slope of line AB, m = $= =2=1
Let C(8, 12) , D(x, 24)
Slopeofline CD , my = 221 = 2
Since two lines are perpendicular to each other
16, Find the equation of a straight line whose
(Slope is 5 and y intercept is —9
i).Inclination is 45° and y intercept is 11.
Solution :
(0), Slope m= 5, y intercept ¢=-9
Equation of straightline y= mx +e
5x-9
Sx-y-9=0
(i). Angle ofinclination @ = 45°, y intercept ¢ = 11
nd
n 45°
Slope m
Slope m
Equation of straight line y = mx +c
yereil
y+ul
a UNIT V - COORDINATE GEOMETRY - 2 MARKS.
For Practice
Find the equation of a line whose inclination is 30°
and making an intercept ~3 on the Y axis.
(Ans : x= v3y - 3v3 = 0)
17. The equation of a straight line is 2(x—y) + 5 = 0.
Find its slope, inclination and intercept on the
Y- axis,
Solution
Equation of straightline: 2(x—y) +5 =0
2x-2y+5=0
=Comepsictent of x
Slope m= erriient of y
& Slope
m=tang=1
Angle of inclination 0 = 45°
orefficient of ¥
y-intercept
y-intercept = £
For Practice
Calculate the slope and y intercept of the straight
line 8x—7y +6=0 (Ans in
18. Find the equation of a straight line which has
slope — and passing through the point (—1 , 2).
Solution
Given point: (-1, 2) , Slope m
Equation of straight line y —y, = m(x — x1).
y-2=Z +)
4y-8 = -5x-5
Sx+4y-3=0
For Practice
Find the equation of a line passing through the point
(3 4) and having slope =2, (Ans :5x-+7y +13 = 0)
19. The hill in the form of a right triangle ha
foot at (19, 3). The inclination of the hill to the
ground is 45°. Find the equation of the hill
Joining the foot and top.
‘Solution 4
let A-Topof hill ,
C-footofhill, (19,3)
‘Angle of inclination
45°
Slope m=tan45°=1 a
‘The equation of the hil joining the foot and top.
yr yy = m(x— x)
y-3=1(x-19)
x-y-16=0
20, Find the equation of a line through the pair of points,
(). (2,3) and (-7,-1).
For Practice :
3) and (7,4). (Ans:x+2y +1=0)
|.(2, 3) and (-7,-1)
Equation of straight line passing through two points
yoy
Yon eam
4x48
4x—9y +19 =0
21. A cat is located at the point (~6 ,~4) in xy- plane.
A bottle of milk is kept at (5 11). The eat wish to
consume the milk travelling through shortest
possible distance. Find the equation of the path it
needs to take its milk.
Solution ;
€ (-6,—4) — position of cat
M(5, 11) — position of milk
Equation of straight line passing through two points
yoy | xom
Yon mom M
yee _xts su
hea sve
yta_ xt6
wu 7 *
Ly +44 = 15x +90
1Sx— lly +46 =0
The equation of required path 15x ~11y + 46 =0
3 UNIT V - COORDINATE GEOMETRY - 2 MARKS.
22, Find the equation of a line whose intercepts on.
the x and y axes are given,
4-6 Gi) -3,3
Solution
(1. xinterapt ond, y-interospt b=
Equation of straight ine 2 + = 1
ax- ay
3x-2y-12
(i,
x-intercept a
5, y-intercept b
Equation of straight ne = + &
31 + 20y = 15
3x-20y +15
23, Find the intercepts made by the following lines
on the coordinates axes.
@.3x-2y-6=0 Gi). 4x +3y+12=0.
For Practice
W+36=0 — (Ams:a=-9,b=4)
Solution
(). Given equation: 3x 2-6
3r-2y
x-intercept a= 2
yrintercept b
(ii). Given equation: 4x + 3y +12
dx tay
ay
x-intercept
y — intercept
24, Find the slope of the straight line 6x + 8y +7 = 0
Solution,
Given straight line equation: 6x + 8y +7=0
coof ficient of
Coefficient of 7
Slope m
Slope m
25. Show that the straight lines 2x + 3y —8 = 0
and 4x + 6y + 18 = 0 are parallel.
Solution
Slope m=
coof ficient of x
Coefficient of ¥
Slope of the line 2x +3y—-8=0
Slope of theline 4x + 6y+18=0, m=
The given two straight lines are parallel
26. Show that the straight lines x —2y +3
and 6x +3y +8 =0 are perpendicular.
Solution :
Slope m= ~ccefficient of 7
Slope of the line x -2y +3 =0
Slope of theline 6x +3y +8=0
m, x m,
“The given two straight lines are perpendicular.
For Practice
‘Check whether the given lines are parallel or
perpendicular.
@.2+243 20 and S42 45.
(ii). Sx + 23y + 14 = O and 23x — Sy +9 =
(Ans: (Parallel Gi). Perpendicular )
27. Find the equation of a straight line which is
parallel to the line 3x—7y = 12 and passing
through the point (6 , 4).
‘Solution
Equation of straight line parallel to 3x —7y —12 =0
is 3x-7y +k =0
This line passes through (6, 4)
3(6)- 74) +k =0
18-28+k =0
k=10
« The equation of required straight line 3x —7y + 1
3 UNIT VI- TRIGONOMETRY ~ 2 MARKS.
VI. TRIGONOMETRY - 2 MARKS
1A tower stands vertically on the ground. From a point
‘on the ground, which is 48m away from the foot of the
tower, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower is
°. Find the height of the tower.
Solution : |
PQ=h, aR =48m
Invight angle A POR ,
