Speaker Notes Psych

Slide 1: title
Slide 2:
These are two videos. The first one we will watch will introduce you to mental
processes.
The next video we will watch is about neuroscience.
Slide 3:
Mental processes encompass all things that the mind can do naturally.
Slide 4: Mental processes include many things. First, how well we remember things.
Emotions are feelings. Perception is the way we see things. Learning, thinking, and
language are all mental processes that occur in a similar part of the brain. The last
two involved are motivation and attention.
Slide 5:
These are 3 people that are necessary to talk about when mentioning mental
processes. The first is B. F. Skinner. Skinner was an American psychologist that is
known for his impact on behaviorism. He talked extensively that all human action is
the direct result of conditioning. He also invented therapy techniques that are still
used today like behavior reinforcement. The next person is Jean Piaget, a Swiss
psychologist. He is known for shaping the idea of cognitive development which is
the theory of children’s growth. This was a base model for years of research to
come. The last psychologist is Sigmund Freud. He was an Austrian neurologist
known for founding psychoanalysis. He believed not all mental illnesses had
physiological signs. He claimed that talking with someone could reveal their mental
illness.
Slide 6:
These are some important things to know about mental processes. Cognition is
associated with mental processes. It relates to the understanding of spatial
information in the environment. There are many tests for cognition that can help
people stay healthier. Tips for improving mental processes are keeping your body
healthy, as your mind and body are connected, thinking critically about problems
rather than waving them away, continuing to learn throughout life, and trying to
stop multitasking. Things that can affect mental processes are age, attention issues,
genetics, and cognitive biases. Mental processes are important for learning new
things, forming memories, and making decisions.
Slide 7:
Neuroscience is known as the study of the nervous system and the brain.
Slide 8:
Neuroscience involves genes, brain cells and circuits in the brain. It also involves
computational science which is a combination of science, math and technology.
Understanding it is the key to healthy humans, and clinical research is an important
factor in understanding it.
Slide 9:
Each of these scans is important in understanding neuroscience. A PET scan can
help reveal the metabolic or biochemical functions of your organs. This can be used
to identify tumors in the brain, Alzheimers or seizures. NIRS scans are a noninvasive
way to measure changes in the levels of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin
in the brain. This can be used to find intracranial hematomas. A MEG scan allows
neurologists to measure magnetic fields produced by electrical activity in the brain.
It can locate the exact location in the brain of epileptic seizures. An EEG scan is a
recording of brain activity. Sensors pick up signals in the brain that are recorded by
a machine. It can be used to identify and treat sleep conditions, brain tumors, brain
injuries, and attention deficit disorder. FMRI’s show which areas of your brain are
most active. It can be used to identify epilepsy and brain tumors, and give surgeons
a clear look at what they are going into.
Slide 10:
There are a few important people to note involved in neuroscience. Lisa-Feldmen
Barrett is the woman associated with differences in emotions across cultures. She is
an inventor, as well, and she states that our brains create emotions to guide our
actions. Joseph Ledoux is an American neuroscientist who discovered that the
amygdala produces a behavioral response when we feel threatened. Jaak Panksepp,
an Estonian-American neuroscientist and psychobiologist, came up with the modern
theory of basic emotions. He identified that positive emotional systems stimulate
the release of brain opioids. Antonio Damasio was a Portuguese neuroscientist and
he was the pioneer of effective neuroscience. He believed that the things that affect
the body also affect the mind.

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