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Trigonometry Formulaes

The document defines the six trigonometric functions - sine, cosine, secant, cosecant, tangent, and cotangent - using a right-angled triangle. It provides formulas for the trig functions in terms of opposite, adjacent, and hypotenuse sides. It also lists common trigonometric identities including sum, difference, double angle, triple angle, and inverse trigonometric formulas. Key formulas include sin(x+y)=sinxcosy+cosxsiny and sin 3x = 3sinx - 4sin^2x.

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Ashutosh Anand
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131 views7 pages

Trigonometry Formulaes

The document defines the six trigonometric functions - sine, cosine, secant, cosecant, tangent, and cotangent - using a right-angled triangle. It provides formulas for the trig functions in terms of opposite, adjacent, and hypotenuse sides. It also lists common trigonometric identities including sum, difference, double angle, triple angle, and inverse trigonometric formulas. Key formulas include sin(x+y)=sinxcosy+cosxsiny and sin 3x = 3sinx - 4sin^2x.

Uploaded by

Ashutosh Anand
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Trigonometric Function

Formulas

There are basically 6 ratios used for finding the


elements in Trigonometry. Theyare called
trigonometric functions. The six trigonometric
functions are sine, cosine, secant, cosecant,
tangent and cotangent.
By using aright-angled triangle as a
reference, the trigonometric functions and
identities are derived:

"sin = Opposite Side/Hypotenuse


" cos e = Adjacent Side/Hypotenuse
"tan 0= Opposite Side/ Adjacent Side
"sec 0 = Hypotenuse/Adjacent Side
"cosec e = Hypotenuse/Opposite Side
" cot e = Adjacent Side/opposite Side
Reciprocal ldentities
The Reciprocal ldentities are given as:
cosec e = 1/sin 0
" sec 0 =l/cos
cot 0= 1/tan
" sin 9 = l/cosec 0
cos = 1/sec e
" tan = 1/cot 0
Trigonometry Table
Below is the table for trigonometry formulas for
angles that are commonly used for solving
problems.

Angles
0 30 4 60 90 18 27 36
(In 5o
Degrees)

Angles 3Tt
(In Tt 2Tt
6 4 3 2 /2
Radians)

sin
i/ V3
-1 0
2 V2 |2

V3 1/ 1/
COS 1 -1
/2 v2 2

8
tan V3 0 00
V3

8
cot V3
1/ 0
V3

8
COsec 2 V2
2/ 1 -1
00 00
V3

Sec
2/ V2 2 -1 1
00 O0
V3
Periodicity Identities (in Radians)
These formulas are used to shift the angles by
T/2,T, 2T, etc. They are also called co-function
identities.

" sin (n/2 - A) = cos A&cos (n/2 - A) = sin


A

" sin (T/2 + A) = cos A&cos (n/2 + A) =


sin A
sin (3r/2- A) =-cos A&cos (3r/2 - A)
=- sin A

" sin (3r/2 + A) = - cos A&cos (3r/2 + A) =


sin A

" sin ( - A) =sin A&cos (Tn- A) -cos A


" sin ( + A) = -sin A&cos( + A) =-cos
A

" sin (2T - A) = -sin A&cos (2rt - A) = cos


A

sin (2r + A) = sin A&cos (2 + A) = cos A


All trigonometric identities are cyclic in nature.
They repeat themselves after this periodicity
constant. This periodicity constant is different
for different trigonometric identities. tan 45° =
tan 225° but this is true for cOs 45° and cos
225°. Refer to the above trigonometry table to
verify the values.
Cofunction Identities (in Degrees)
The co-function or periodic identities can also
be represented indegrees as:
sin(90°-x) = cos x
cos(90°-x) = sin x
tan(90°-x) = cot x
cot(90°-x) = tanx
sec(90°-x) = cosec x
cosec(90°-x) = sec x
Sum & Difference ldentities

"sin(x+y) =sin(x)cos(y) +cos(x)sin(y)


cos(x+y) = cos(x)cos(y)-sin(x)sin(y)
tan x+tan y
" tan(z +y) = 1-tan a.tan y

"sin(x-y) =sin(x)cos(y)-cos(x)sin(y)
cos(x-y) = cos(x)cos(y) +sin(x)sin(y)
tan a--tan y
"
tan(T-y) 1+tan z.tan y
Double Angle ldentities
2tan a
sin(2x) =2sin T. cos T = 1+tan'a
cos 2æ = cos-sin'z = 1-tan'r
1+tan'r

cos(2x) = 2cos?(x)-1 = |-2sin?(x)


2tan x
" tan 2a = 1-tan²z
secx
" sec 2 =
2-seca
COsec 2x = (sec a.cosec æ)
2

Triple Angle ldentities


" Sin 3x= 3sin x - 4sin®x
" Cos 3x = 4cos®x-3cos X
3tan z-tan'z
" Tan 3 1-3tan

Half Angle ldentities


1-cos T
sin =/ 2

1+cos a
2

1-cos(æ)
" tan()= V 1+cos(æ)
1-cos()
tan()=V 1+cos)

(1-cos(z))(1-cos(*)
V(1+cos(æ)) (1-cos(æ))

(1-cos(æ))?
-cos?(z)

(1-cos(æ))?
sin'(æ)

1-cos(z)
sin(æ)
So,
1-cos(¢)
tan(3) = sin(z)

Product identities
sin(æ+y)+sin(z-y)
Sin ¢ COS Y = 2

COS C " COS Y= cos(+y) +cos(-y)


2

sin z " sin y = cos(-y)-cos(z+y)


2
Sum to Product ldentities
" sin :+sin y = 2sin 2 cos 2

" sin z- sin y= 2cos 2 sin


COS T + cos y= 2 cosT9 -COS
2
Tty
COS T COS y =-2sin 2 -Sin 2

Inverse Trigonometry Formulas


" sin- (-x) =-sinlx
" cos- (-x) = - cos- X
" tan- (-x) = - tanx
cosec(-x) =- cosec-l x
sec-(-x) =n-sec- x
" cotl(-x) =n- cot-l x

What is Sin 3x Formula?

Sin 3x is the sine of three times of an angle in a


right-angled triangle, which is expressed as:
Sin 3x = 3sin x - 4sin3x

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