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01 Laboratory Exercise 1 - Computer Organization Basics

The document summarizes a laboratory exercise on computer organization basics. It includes diagrams of computer components and questions about the components. The questions ask about which components store data, move data between the computer and external devices, hold the control unit, perform data processing, and facilitate transmission of data within the CPU. The exercise also asks students to identify three fundamental computer functions and describe compilers compatible with Windows.

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919 views

01 Laboratory Exercise 1 - Computer Organization Basics

The document summarizes a laboratory exercise on computer organization basics. It includes diagrams of computer components and questions about the components. The questions ask about which components store data, move data between the computer and external devices, hold the control unit, perform data processing, and facilitate transmission of data within the CPU. The exercise also asks students to identify three fundamental computer functions and describe compilers compatible with Windows.

Uploaded by

Nice Move
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IT2104

Laboratory Exercise
Computer Organization Basics
Objective(s):

At the end of the exercise, the students should be able to:

▪ Describe the basic procedures in computer organization and their implementation.

Instructions:

1. Analyze the diagram below. Discuss the concepts and components involved in the illustration using 5
to 7 sentences (5 points). Then, answer the corresponding questions (5 items x 3 points):

a. Which part of the computer stores


data?

The computer part that stores data


is the main memory so the main
memory will store temporary data.
It is a volatile type of memory that
loses the stored data when the
computer shuts down or reboots.
For example, when you open an
application or files on your
computer they are computed and
loaded into RAM for quick access
and then any changes you make
are stored in memory and then
written back as a cache. The
computer executes instructions
and manipulates data, so the main
memory serves as the temporary
storage for data that the CPU and
other components need for
processing. In the overall
operation of the computer, the
other components play important
roles in managing and processing
data but they do not store data in
the same that main memory does.

b. Which part of the diagram moves data


between the computer and its external
environment?

The system bus is the one that moves


data between the computer and its
external environment. It is the one that
facilitates the data transfer between
the computer and external devices. It
acts as the pathway connecting
hardware components within the
computer and the external. So the
input and output devices communicate
with the computer through the system
bus because the system bus extends
the capability to external internal
interfaces.

c. Which component in the diagram holds


the control unit?

The computer that holds the control unit


is the central processing unit. It is the
one that manages the execution of
instruction. It controls the flow of data
between various components including
the arithmetic logic unit, and register.
To ensure that the instructions are
being fetched and executed properly. It
utilizes the firmware to control the
signals and instructions of the CPU’s
operation. It collaborates with other
components such as the ALU and
logical operations.

d. Which part of the central processing


unit performs the computer's data
processing functions?

The ALU is the one that performs the computer’s data processing functions
it is the one responsible for executing arithmetic and logical operations on data. It performs tasks like
addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and comparisons. The process of it is to manipulate
data according to the instructions provided by software programs. It handles the data processing
and work in conjunction with the control unit. The arithmetic logic unit will compute the information
and process it inside the CPU and the central processing unit will translate it to the components.

e. What particular component can be


utilized to facilitate the transmission of
data within the central processing unit?

The internal bus is the component


utilized to facilitate the transmission of
data within the central processing unit.
It acts as the communication pathway
within the CPU and it is the one that
allows data to be transferred between
the CPU’s components such as the
ALU, registers, and main memory.
The internal bus plays a key role in
fetching instructions and data from
main memory which are then loaded
into registers for processing. It ensures
that the information flows efficiently
between different components to
execute instructions and manipulate
data.
2. Search for different related literature about computer organization and deduce at least three (3)
fundamental functions of a computer. Describe each function using 2 to 3 sentences only (3 items x 5
points). Properly cite your references.

Computer Organization and Design: The Hardware/Software Interface by David A. Patterson and
John L. Hennessy.
This comprehensive computer science textbook covers all aspects of computer organization and
architecture, from the basics of digital logic to the latest advances in multiprocessor systems.
Data processing Computers process data by performing arithmetic calculations, logical comparisons,
and data transformations. The data storage Computers store data in both short-term and long-term
memory. RAM provides fast, volatile storage for actively used data, while secondary storage devices
offer non-volatile, long-term data storage, allowing users to save and retrieve information as needed.
The control function includes fetching and executing instructions, directing data flow between
components, and ensuring the proper sequencing of tasks. This function enables the computer to
follow a predefined set of instructions, allowing it to perform tasks efficiently and accurately.

3. Explore different compilers available in the industry today. Then, give a least three (3) compilers
compatible with Windows operating system. Provide a short description and the corresponding
reference for each compiler (3 items x 5 points).

Microsoft Visual C++ is a commercial compiler that is popular among Windows developers. It is
known for its integration with the Visual Studio IDE and its support for the latest Windows APIs.
GCC (GNU Compiler Collection) is another popular open-source compiler that supports a wide range
of programming languages. It is known for its reliability and its support for a wide range of platforms.
Clang is a modern, open-source compiler that supports a wide range of programming languages,
including C, C++, Objective-C, and Objective-C++. It is known for its fast compilation speed and its
support for the latest language standards.
These are the sites of compilers:
Clang website: https://clang.llvm.org/
GCC website: https://gcc.gnu.org/
https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/vs/features/cplusplus/

Grading Rubric:
Criteria Performance Indicator Points
Content Correct ideas, concepts, and/or examples were included. 3
Organization The presentation of ideas was generally organized. 2
TOTAL 5
Note: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE. Students who copy and paste their work from any website or their classmates will automatically receive a failing mark for this assessment task.

01 Laboratory Exercise 1 *Property of STI


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