Optics 1 Presentation
Optics 1 Presentation
Optics 1 Presentation
Mirrors
Section 25.1 : Read
25.2
Law of reflection : see also figure 25.3
Different between specular reflection and diffuse reflection. Figure 25.4
The properties of a plane mirror
Conceptual 1
Ex. Two mirrors facing one another : How many images of your face would
you see?
Ex. The car takes a left turn with necklace hanged on the front mirror. Which
direction is the image of the necklace deflected?
Principal axis
Centre of curvature
Focal point and focal point
Deductions
concave mirror convex mirror
The light ray parallel to the principal axis is reflected through the focal point.
The light ray passing through the centre of curvature passes without being
deviated .
1. Where in the North West are these satellites (name of the place and name
of the centre) and where in the Northern Cape? (3)
2. Check the acronyms : SKA and MeerKAT, write them in full. (2)
Read figure 25.18 and figure 25.19. In each case check where the object is
placed, then check the type of image formed under the following criteria.
Tutorial
Concave mirror Convex
Criteria fig. mirror
25.18;fig.25.19 Figure 25.21
How big is the image as compared to the size
of the object?
formed and how far is the image from the See e.g 3 & 4
mirror?
CYU 7 – 12
Analytical techniques
……………………………………………… (1)
……………………………………… (2)
Mirror equation :
The following equation is called magnification equation :
m bigger than one and positive, the image bigger than the object, virtual and
upright.
m bigger than one and negative, the image bigger than the object, real and
inverted.
Example 3.
Recall
Do example 4
Convex mirror
m always smaller than one and positive, the image always smaller than the
object, virtual and upright.
Review Table on page 789 (8th ed) and page 783 (9th ed)
Working on example 6.
;
Working on example 9
Working on example 7
The index can also depend on the wavelength of the light and the wavelength of light in a
vacuum is .
Snell’s Law :
Do example 1.
N.B. If the light ray is moving from the medium with smaller than the medium which the
light enters then the light ray bend towards the normal.
Self study 26.3 Part of test 2 including example 7 and discussion under example 7.
Total internal reflection happens when the angle of refraction is 900, then the incident
angle at that time is called critical angle.
From Snell’s law
It has been shown that any incident angle (critical angle above 48.8 0 will result with total
internal reflection. E.g mirage
From ;
Things in water appears to be nearer to the surface and which is not. The depth which
the object appears to be is called apparent depth, i.e how deep does the object
immersed in a liquid appear to be?
The image is virtual , directly above the object and the apparent depth is related to the
actual depth by , where n1 is the index where the object is immersed and n2
the index where the observer is, d is the actual depth of the well.
CYU 1 – 8
26.6 Lenses
N.B. Two lines are important to give you the image, figure 26.25 and the types of lenses
The line drawn from the tip of the object passes through the lens and bend across the
focal point.
The line through the centre of the lens passes without being deviated.
Study example 11
Applications : Human Eye as example of a lens , nearsightedness and Farsightedness.
The extent to which rays light are refracted by a lens depends on its focal length.
Most of times refractive power is used to describe the extent to which a lens refracts
light.
The converging lens has positive focal lens hens positive refractive power and the
diverging lens has negative focal length hence negative refractive power.