Cells Revision L02 HL
Cells Revision L02 HL
Cells Revision L02 HL
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Tasks:
Complete ME time tasks below
Additional Websites:
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/z2mttv4
Complete cell division and transport in cells section
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Cells Revision Lesson 02 – ME Time task
Q1.
Diagram 1 shows an animal cell and some of the structures inside the cell.
(a) Use words from the box to label structures A, B and C, on Diagram 1.
Q2.
Muscle cells divide to form new muscle cells.
(a) Which two cell components are copied before the muscle cells start to divide?
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Plasmids
Ribosomes
Vacuole
(2)
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(b) Why do muscle cells need to divide by mitosis more often than most other cells?
(1)
39
78
156
312
(1)
Fertilisation
Meiosis
Ovulation
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Respiration
(1)
Q3.
Starfish can split in half. Each half can then grow new arms to form offspring.
Asexual reproduction
Fertilisation
Selective breeding
Sexual reproduction
(1)
(b) More cells are produced as the starfish grows more arms.
What process will produce more cells in the starfish as they grow?
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(1)
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(1)
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(1)
(Total 4 marks)
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Q4.
Cells divide in a series of stages called the cell cycle.
Stage 2 of the cycle is mitosis.
The diagram below shows a simplified cell cycle for a human body cell.
(a) Draw one line from each stage in the cell cycle to what happens during that stage.
(b) The mass of DNA in a human body cell at the start of the cell cycle is 6 picograms.
What mass of DNA will be in each of the new cells produced by this cell division?
3 picograms
6 picograms
9 picograms
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12 picograms
(1)
Stem cells from human embryos can differentiate into most types of human cell.
Research is being done into the use of embryonic stem cells in medical treatments.
The long-term effects of using embryonic stem cells in patients are not well understood.
In therapeutic cloning, human embryos are produced using a donated human egg cell and a cell from
the patient.
• The embryo produced contains the same genetic information as the patient.
• Stem cells are taken from the embryo and stimulated to divide to form cells the patient needs.
1. _________________________________________________________________
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2. _________________________________________________________________
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(2)
1. _________________________________________________________________
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2. _________________________________________________________________
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(2)
(Total 8 marks)
Q5.
DIFFUSION OSMOSIS
Place these
features in the
correct part of the
Venn Diagram
Requires energy
Is passive
Movement of
particles
Needs a semi-
permeable
membrane
High to low
concentration
Against a
concentration
gradient
Occurs in nature
Page 7 of 17
Q6.
An understanding of relative size is essential in science.
(a) Draw one line from each structure to the approximate radius of that structure.
Approximate
Structure
radius
1 × 10−14 m
an atom 2 × 10−5 m
3 × 10−9 m
(4)
(b) Describe how the surface area to volume ratio changes as the length of the side of the model
cell increases.
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(3)
(c) Explain why a bacterium can rely on diffusion for gas exchange, but animals need a transport
system.
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(3)
(d) Some sugar molecules are absorbed from the small intestine into the blood by active transport.
Explain why the rate of absorption of these sugar molecules can depend on the concentration of
oxygen in the cells lining the small intestine.
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(3)
(Total 13 marks)
Page 9 of 17
Challenge Task
A student has been given the following equipment and has been asked to investigate
the osmosis in cucumber tissue at different salt concentrations.
Describe how you would use this equipment to investigate osmosis in cucumber
tissue at different salt concentrations. How will you make it a fair test? (6)
Not all the equipment you will need is shown here, you will not need to write a risk
assessment.
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Page 11 of 17
Mark schemes
Q1.
(a) A – nucleus
1
B – chromosome
1
C – gene
1
Q2.
(a) mitochondria
1
ribosomes
1
(c) 78
1
(d) fertilisation
1
Q3.
(a) asexual reproduction
1
(b) mitosis
1
(c) clones
1
(d) 44
1
[4]
Q4.
(a)
Page 12 of 17
2
(b) 6 picograms
1
(c) meristem cells in plants can differentiate throughout the life of the plant
1
• do not yet know risks / side effects of the procedure on the patient
ignore long term effects are not well understood
allow may cause tumours / cancer
Page 13 of 17
Q5.
Q6.
(a)
1
1
1
1
Page 14 of 17
(b) 1.5:0.125 and 6:1
1
as the length of the side of the cube increases the surface area to volume ratio decreases
allow size for length of side
allow converse
1
(c) animal has a small(er) surface area to volume ratio (than a bacterium)
allow converse
1
(therefore)
diffusion would not supply enough oxygen for the volume / size
or
diffusion would not remove enough carbon dioxide for the volume / size
or
diffusion rate per unit volume is slower
allow converse
1
(d) active transport requires energy because (sugar molecule) movement is from low
concentration (outside cell) to high concentration (inside cell)
allow active transport requires energy because (sugar
molecule) movement is against / up concentration gradient
1
(and a) higher concentration of oxygen allows a faster (rate of) respiration (or energy
transfer)
1
[13]
Page 15 of 17
Challenge Task:
Indicative content:
Gather five cucumber cylinders.
Trim the cylinders so that they are all the same length (about 3 cm).
Accurately measure and record the length and mass of each cucumber cylinder.
Measure 10 cm3 of the distilled water solution and put into the first test tube.
Use a marker pen to label test tube as distilled water (0.0%).
Remove the cylinders from the test tubes and carefully blot them dry with the paper towels.
Re-measure the length and mass of each cylinder (make sure you know which is which).
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