BS EN 10209:2023

BSI Standards Publication

Cold rolled low carbon steel flat products for vitreous

enamelling — Technical delivery conditions
BS EN 10209:2023 BRITISH STANDARD

National foreword
This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 10209:2023. It
supersedes BS EN 10209:2013, which is withdrawn.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical
Committee ISE/109, Coated and Uncoated Flat Products to be Used for
Cold Forming.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
request to its committee manager.
Contractual and legal considerations
This publication has been prepared in good faith, however no
representation, warranty, assurance or undertaking (express or
implied) is or will be made, and no responsibility or liability is or will be
accepted by BSI in relation to the adequacy, accuracy, completeness or
reasonableness of this publication. All and any such responsibility and
liability is expressly disclaimed to the full extent permitted by the law.
This publication is provided as is, and is to be used at the
recipient’s own risk.
The recipient is advised to consider seeking professional guidance with
respect to its use of this publication.
This publication is not intended to constitute a contract. Users are
responsible for its correct application.
© The British Standards Institution 2023
Published by BSI Standards Limited 2023
ISBN 978 0 539 21535 9
ICS 77.140.50
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from
legal obligations.
This British Standard was published under the authority of the
Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2023.

Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

Date Text affected
 BS EN 10209:2023

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 10209

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM July 2023

ICS 77.140.50 Supersedes EN 10209:2013

English Version

Cold rolled low carbon steel flat products for vitreous

enamelling - Technical delivery conditions
Produits plats laminés à froid, en acier doux pour Kaltgewalzte Flacherzeugnisse aus weichen Stählen
émaillage par vitrification - Conditions techniques de zum Emaillieren - Technische Lieferbedingungen
livraison

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 May 2023.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels

© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 10209:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
BS EN 10209:2023
EN 10209:2023 (E)

Contents Page

European foreword ............................................................................................................................................ 4

1 Scope.......................................................................................................................................................... 5
2 Normative references.......................................................................................................................... 5
3 Terms and definitions ......................................................................................................................... 6
4 Designation ............................................................................................................................................. 6
5 Requirements ......................................................................................................................................... 6
5.1 Steelmaking and manufacturing processes ................................................................................ 6
5.2 Method of deoxidation ........................................................................................................................ 6
5.3 Chemical composition ......................................................................................................................... 7
5.4 Suitability for vitreous enamelling................................................................................................. 7
5.5 Delivery condition ................................................................................................................................ 7
5.6 Choice of properties ............................................................................................................................. 8
5.7 Mechanical properties ........................................................................................................................ 8
5.8 Surface characteristics........................................................................................................................ 8
5.8.1 General...................................................................................................................................................... 8
5.8.2 Surface appearance .............................................................................................................................. 8
5.8.3 Surface finish .......................................................................................................................................... 8
5.9 Stretcher strain marks ........................................................................................................................ 9
5.10 Weldability .............................................................................................................................................. 9
5.11 Tolerances on dimensions and shape ........................................................................................... 9
6 Tests........................................................................................................................................................... 9
6.1 General...................................................................................................................................................... 9
6.2 Inspection units ..................................................................................................................................... 9
6.3 Number of tests...................................................................................................................................... 9
6.4 Sampling................................................................................................................................................... 9
6.5 Test methods ........................................................................................................................................ 10
6.6 Retests..................................................................................................................................................... 10
6.7 Inspection documents ....................................................................................................................... 10
7 Identification ........................................................................................................................................ 10
8 Packaging ............................................................................................................................................... 10
9 Disputes .................................................................................................................................................. 11
10 Information to be supplied by the purchaser at the time of ordering ............................. 11
Annex A (normative) Methods for determining the resistance to fish scaling of a steel sheet
for enamelling ...................................................................................................................................... 13
A.1 Hydrogen permeation test............................................................................................................... 13
A.1.1 Field of application ............................................................................................................................. 13
A.1.2 Principle ................................................................................................................................................. 13
A.1.3 Apparatus .............................................................................................................................................. 13
A.1.4 Sampling................................................................................................................................................. 13
A.1.5 Preparation ........................................................................................................................................... 13

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EN 10209:2023 (E)

A.1.6 Check the degreasing quality ......................................................................................................... 14

A.1.7 Permeation test procedure ............................................................................................................. 14
A.1.8 Hydrogen detection ........................................................................................................................... 14
A.1.9 Evaluation.............................................................................................................................................. 15
A.2 Fish scaling test using special enamel......................................................................................... 16
Annex B (normative) Method for determining mass loss (iron loss) due to pickling for steel
grades for direct enamelling in accordance with 5.4.2 ......................................................... 17
B.1 Principle ................................................................................................................................................. 17
B.2 Apparatus .............................................................................................................................................. 17
B.3 Sampling ................................................................................................................................................ 17
B.4 Preparation ........................................................................................................................................... 18
B.5 Weighing ................................................................................................................................................ 18
B.6 Cleaning.................................................................................................................................................. 18
B.7 Checks on degreasing quality ......................................................................................................... 18
B.8 Pickling ................................................................................................................................................... 18
B.9 Drying ..................................................................................................................................................... 19
B.10 Weighing after cooling ...................................................................................................................... 19
B.11 Evaluation.............................................................................................................................................. 19
Annex C (normative) Method for determining the adherence level of enamel applied to a
steel sheet .............................................................................................................................................. 20
C.1 Field of application ............................................................................................................................ 20
C.2 Principle ................................................................................................................................................. 20
C.3 Apparatus .............................................................................................................................................. 20
C.4 Description of the apparatus .......................................................................................................... 20
C.5 Procedure .............................................................................................................................................. 20
C.6 Adherence level evaluation ............................................................................................................ 21
C.6.1 Flat pieces .............................................................................................................................................. 21
C.6.2 Thinner sheet steel < 0,3 mm ......................................................................................................... 21
C.6.3 Deformed pieces ................................................................................................................................. 21
Annex D (informative) Characteristics for the selection of enamelling steel grades................ 25
Bibliography ....................................................................................................................................................... 26

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BS EN 10209:2023
EN 10209:2023 (E)

European foreword

This document (EN 10209:2023) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 459 “ECISS -
European Committee for Iron and Steel Standardization” 1, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2024 and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by January 2024.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document supersedes EN 10209:2013.

In comparison with the previous edition, the following technical modifications have been made:

— DC07EK steel grade added;

— r value in Mechanical Properties (Table 2) changed;

— Table 2: definition of Tensile test direction more precise;

— Annex A: conditions of the fish scaling test, devices to be used (removal of Strohlein apparatus)
redefined.

Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.

1 Through its sub-committee SC 9 “Coated and uncoated flat products to be used for cold forming” (secretariat:
AFNOR).

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EN 10209:2023 (E)

1 Scope
This document applies to cold rolled non-coated low carbon steel flat products in rolled widths equal to
or over 600 mm and in thicknesses equal to or less than 3 mm, delivered in sheet, wide strip, slit wide
strip or cut lengths obtained from slit wide strip or sheet.
It does not apply to cold rolled narrow strip (rolling width < 600 mm) or to cold rolled flat products for
which there is a specific standard, in particular the following:
— cold-rolled low carbon steel flat products for cold forming (EN 10130);

— cold-rolled non-oriented electrical steel sheet and strip delivered in fully processed state (EN 10106);

— cold rolled electrical non-alloy and alloy steel sheet and strip delivered in the semi-processed state
(EN 10341);

— cold reduced blackplate (EN 10205);

— steel sheet and strip for welded gas cylinders (EN 10120);

— cold-rolled uncoated non-alloy mild steel narrow strip for cold forming (EN 10139);

— cold-rolled structural steels for general purposes;

— cold-rolled flat products made of high yield strength for cold forming (EN 10268).

2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 10021, General technical delivery conditions for steel products

EN 10027-1, Designation systems for steels — Part 1: Steel names

EN 10027-2, Designation systems for steels — Part 2: Numerical system

EN 10049, Measurement of roughness average Ra and peak count RPc on metallic flat products

EN 10079:2007, Definition of steel products

EN 10131, Cold rolled uncoated and zinc or zinc-nickel electrolytically coated low carbon and high yield
strength steel flat products for cold forming — Tolerances on dimensions and shape

EN 10204, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents

EN ISO 377, Steel and steel products — Location and preparation of samples and test pieces for mechanical
testing (ISO 377)

EN ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
(ISO 6892-1)

ISO 10113, Metallic materials — Sheet and strip — Determination of plastic strain ratio

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EN 10209:2023 (E)

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 10079:2007 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp/

— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/

4 Designation
4.1 Steel names shall be attributed in accordance with EN 10027-1; numerical designations shall be
attributed in accordance with EN 10027-2.

All steels reported in Table 2 are non-alloy and alloy quality steels.

4.2 Products conforming to this document shall be designated, in order, in the following way:

a) product designation (e.g. strip, sheet or “slit strip cut longitudinally”);

b) number of this document (EN 10209);

c) name or numerical designation of the steel, shown in Table 2;

d) where appropriate, the symbol relating to surface finish (see Table 1).

Examples of conventional designations:

Designation of a steel sheet with the symbolic designation DC01EK and the numerical designation 1.0390 with
rough surface finish (r):

Sheet EN 10209 DC01EK r or

Sheet EN 10209 — 1.0390 r

Designation of a wide strip of steel with the symbolic designation DC06ED and the numerical designation 1.0872
with normal surface finish (m):

Wide strip EN 10209 — DC06ED m or

Wide strip EN 10209 — 1.0872 m.

5 Requirements
5.1 Steelmaking and manufacturing processes

Unless otherwise agreed at the time of ordering, the production methods shall be left to the discretion of
the manufacturer.
The purchaser shall be informed of these processes if specified in the purchase order.

5.2 Method of deoxidation

See Table 2.

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5.3 Chemical composition

The maximum values for the chemical compositions based on ladle analysis shall be as given in Table 2.

5.4 Suitability for vitreous enamelling

5.4.1 Qualities DC01EK, DC04EK, DC05EK, DC06EK and DC07EK are suitable for one or two coats of
conventional enamelling.

5.4.2 Qualities DC03ED, DC04ED and DC06ED are suitable for direct enamelling, as well as for the two
coats – one fire process and for the special applications of two coat enamelling for sag resistance.

5.4.3 The following methods of test are defined in order to determine the suitability of the steel for
enamelling:

— hydrogen permeation test (see Annex A) (alternatively, if agreed at the time of ordering, an
enamelling test as described in A.2 may be specified);

NOTE These two tests enable the risk of fish scaling following enamelling to be assessed.

— iron loss test for qualities of steel for direct enamelling as described in 5.4.2 (see Annex B).

5.4.4 An enamel adherence test (see Annex C) is also defined (pretreatment and enamelling conditions
shall be agreed at the time of ordering).

5.4.5 The application of the methods of test described in Annex A, Annex B and Annex C may be the
subject of an agreement at the time of ordering.

5.5 Delivery condition

5.5.1 Products specified in this document should be supplied in the skin-passed condition. If agreed at
the time of ordering non-skin-passed products may be supplied.

5.5.2 The products are normally delivered oiled. In this case, both the surfaces are preserved by a layer
of neutral non-drying oil, free of foreign bodies and uniformly spread in such a way that under normal
conditions of packaging, transportation, handling and storage the products will show no corrosion for up
to three months.

If the conditions of transportation or storage are such that special protection against corrosion is
required, the purchaser shall inform the manufacturer at the time of the ordering.
The layer of oils shall be capable of being removed by alkaline solutions or normal solvents.
The choice of protective oils may be the subject of special agreement.
The product can be supplied protected by specific coatings that are compatible with enamelling process
without degreasing upon agreement between supplier and purchaser.
If the purchaser does not require the surfaces to be oiled, this shall be clearly indicated at the time of the
ordering.
NOTE If the order is for unoiled products, the manufacturer is not responsible for the risk of rust. The
purchaser is also advised that there is a greater risk of the appearance of light scratches during handling,
transportation, and application.

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EN 10209:2023 (E)

5.6 Choice of properties

The products covered by this document shall correspond to the requirements of Table 1 and Table 2.
Subject to agreement between the supplier and the purchaser, they may be supplied with particular
suitability for the production of a specific part; in this case a maximum rejection percentage may be set
by mutual agreement and acceptance on the basis of mechanical properties would not apply.
5.7 Mechanical properties

The mechanical properties given in Table 2 only apply to skin-passed products. These mechanical
properties are valid for the period specified in Table 2 from the date on which the products are made
available.
The date of availability shall be notified to the purchaser with reasonable prior notice compatible with
the validity of the mechanical properties.
5.8 Surface characteristics
5.8.1 General

The surface characteristics consist of the surface appearance and surface finish.
5.8.2 Surface appearance

The products are supplied with a surface appearance which does not adversely affect suitability for
forming, the application of an enamel coating and the uniform appearance of the enamelled surface on
the exposed surface.
When supplied as wide strip and slit strip, the percentage of surface defects may be higher than when
supplied as sheet and cut lengths. This shall be taken into account by the purchaser and the permissible
percentage of surface defects shall be set by special agreement at the time of ordering.
Unless otherwise agreed, a single surface of the product shall comply with the specified requirements.
The other surface shall be such that during subsequent treatment it does not have a deleterious effect on
the better surface.
5.8.3 Surface finish

The surface finish may be normal or rough.

In the absence of a requirement in the order, products shall be supplied with the normal surface finish.
The limiting figures for average surface roughness for the two types of finish are given in Table 1.
The measurements shall be made in accordance with EN 10049.
If specially agreed at the time of ordering, other ranges for surfaces are specified for specific end uses.
Table 1 — Surface finishes and standard roughness

Surface finish Symbol Roughness

Normal m 0,6 µm < Ra ≤ 1,9 µm

Rough r Ra > 1,6 µm

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5.9 Stretcher strain marks

All the products are generally subjected to a light skin-pass after annealing at the manufacturer's works
to avoid the formation of stretcher strain marks during subsequent forming. The tendency to form such
marks may reappear a certain time after the skin-pass. It is therefore in the purchaser's interest to form
the products as soon as possible.
Quality DC06EK, DC06ED and DC07EK products do not exhibit stretcher strain marks after deformation.
For the other qualities the absence of stretcher strain marks may be guaranteed for six months after the
products are made available.
5.10 Weldability

The material is specified as suitable for normal welding procedures as long as the products are degreased
beforehand. The welding procedure shall be specified at the time of ordering (see Clause 10 h)).
5.11 Tolerances on dimensions and shape

Tolerances on dimensions and shape shall be as given in EN 10131.

6 Tests
6.1 General

6.1.1 The purchaser shall specify at the time of ordering his requirements for:

— type of inspection and testing: specific or non-specific, see EN 10021;

— type of inspection document, see EN 10204.

6.1.2 Specific inspection and testing shall be carried out in accordance with 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5 and 6.6.

6.1.3 Specific inspection and testing may not be specified either for the product analysis or the surface
finish.

6.2 Inspection units

The inspection unit is 30 t or a fraction of 30 t products of the same grade and nominal thickness.
When a wide coil exceeds 30 t, it constitutes a single inspection unit, as do its products.
6.3 Number of tests

For each inspection unit a tensile test shall be carried out, and if required, a determination of r and of the
suitability for enamelling shall be performed (see Table 2 and Annex A, Annex B and Annex C).
6.4 Sampling

The requirements of EN ISO 377 and EN 10021 shall apply and shall be supplemented by the following
specific requirements.
For sheet and cut lengths the selection of products to be tested and the position of the samples in the
products is left to the discretion of the inspection representative.
In the case of wide strip and slit wide strip, the sample should preferably be taken from the outer end.
If the width of the product permits, the test pieces for the tensile test shall be taken perpendicular to the
direction of rolling at a distance of at least 50 mm from the edge of the product.

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6.5 Test methods

6.5.1 The products shall be tested in the as-delivered condition. The tests shall be carried out at
ambient temperature.

6.5.2 The tensile test shall be carried out as specified in EN ISO 6892-1 using type 2 test pieces (initial
gauge length Lo = 80 mm, width b = 20 mm).

6.5.3 Surface roughness shall be measured in accordance with EN 10049.

6.5.4 The determination of the plastic strain ratio r shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 10113.

6.5.5 The tests for suitability for enamelling (see 5.4.3) shall be carried out in accordance with:

— Annex A for the fish scaling resistance test;

— Annex B for the mass loss due to pickling test;

— Annex C for the adherence test.

6.5.6 For the determination of the chemical composition the corresponding European Standards shall
apply in cases of dispute.

6.5.7 Alternatively to 6.5.2, 6.5.3 and 6.5.4, the manufacturer may determine these properties by
calculation with a method approved in accordance with EN 10373 if agreed between the parties at the
moment of enquiry and order.

6.6 Retests

The requirements of EN 10021 shall apply. For coils, in the event of the test results giving rise to dispute,
the samples for retests shall be taken at intervals of at least one lap but also at a maximum distance of
20 m from the appropriate end.
6.7 Inspection documents

If agreed at the time of ordering, an inspection document chosen from those given in EN 10204 shall be
supplied (see also 6.1.1).

7 Identification
All materials shall be identified with at least the following information:
— the conventional designation as described in Clause 4;

— the coil or bundle number;

— the supplier's mark.

Typically, the identification is applied by either a label or using an easily removable non-corrosive ink on
the inspected surface. Other identification requirements shall be agreed at the time of ordering.

8 Packaging
The packaging requirements shall be agreed at the time of ordering.

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9 Disputes
With regard to any claims and actions, EN 10021 shall apply.

10 Information to be supplied by the purchaser at the time of ordering

To permit the manufacturer to supply products conforming to this document, the following information
should be given in the order:
a) the full designation as given in Clause 4;

b) nominal dimensions and quantities;

c) if the products are to be supplied non-skin-passed;

d) if the products are to be delivered with mill edges or sheared edges;

e) limits on mass and sizes of coils and individual bundles;

f) intended application for the products;

g) enamelling process used (see Annex D);

h) if the products are to be welded, indication of the method to be used;

i) if the products are to be supplied as suitable for making a specific part;

j) if inspection documents are requested and type;

k) if an external inspection is to be carried out at the manufacturer's works;

l) if oiling is not required;

m) detailed description of all other special requirements;

n) any special requirements for packaging and marking;

o) the position of the surface of better surface finish quality.

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 EN 10209:2023 (E)

Table 2 — Characteristics a i
Designation Designation Method of Validity of Chemical composition (ladle analysis) C content
in accordance in deoxidation mechanical (product
Re Rm A80 % r90

with accordance properties analysis)

BS EN 10209:2023

% max

EN 10027-1 with and absence

MPa MPa min min

EN 10027-2 of stretcher
max C Ti Mn P S
bc d e

strain marks
% max

DC01EK 1.0390 Fully killed f 6 months f 270 270/390 30 0,07 0,60 0,045 0,050
DC04EK 1.0392 Fully killed 6 months 220 k 270/350 36 0,06 0,50 0,030 0,050
DC05EK 1.0386 Fully killed 6 months 220 k 270/350 36 1,7 0,06 0,50 0,025 0,050
DC06EK 1.0869 Fully killed 6 months 190 270/350 38 1,8 0,02 0,15 h 0,50 0,020 0,050
DC07EK 1.9350 Fully killed 6 months 170 270/350 40 2,0 0,02 0,15 h 0,50 0,020 0,050
DC03ED 1.0399 Fully killed f 6 months f 240 270/370 34 j 0,40 0,035 0,050 0,004
DC04ED 1.0394 Fully killed 6 months 210 g 270/350 38 j 0,40 0,030 0,050 0,004
DC06ED 1.0872 Fully killed 6 months 190 270/350 38 1,8 0,02 0,15 h 0,35 0,020 0,050
a The mechanical properties apply only to skin-passed product. The mechanical property values refer to the perpendicular testing direction
b The value for yield stress is the Rp 0,2 % for products which do not present a definite yield point and the lower yield stress (Rel,) for the others. When the thickness is less than or equal to
0,7 mm and greater than 0,5 mm, the value for yield stress is increased by 20 MPa. For thicknesses less than or equal to 0,5 mm, the value is increased by 40 MPa.
c For forming purposes, the lower limit of Re for qualities DC01EK, DC04EK, DC05EK, DC03ED, and DC04ED may be assumed to be 140 MPa, for qualities DC06EK and DC06ED, 120 MPa and
for quality DC07EK, 90 MPa
d When the thickness is less than or equal to 0,7 mm, and greater than 0,5 mm, the minimum elongation value after fracture is reduced by 2 units. For thicknesses equal to or less than 0,5 mm,
the minimum value is reduced by 4 units.
e The minimum value of r only applies to products of thicknesses equal to or greater than 0,5 mm. When the thickness is over 2,0 mm, the minimum value of r is reduced by 0,2 units.
f Subject to agreement at the time of ordering, other deoxidation methods may be used. If so, the periods for validity of the mechanical properties and the absence of stretcher strain marks
shall be agreed at the time of ordering.
g If the thickness is greater than or equal to 1,5 mm, the maximum value for the yield stress may reach 225 MPa.
h Titanium may be replaced by niobium if agreed upon at the time of ordering. Carbon and nitrogen shall be completely bound.
i Subject to agreement at the time of ordering, other steels may be supplied which have the same mechanical properties. If so, the chemical composition of these steels shall be agreed at the
time of ordering.
j The decarburisation of qualities DC03ED and DC04ED can take place in the solid or the liquid phase. The carbon content, determined by product analysis after decarburisation shall be 0,004 %
maximum. If agreed at the time of ordering, qualities DC03ED and DC04ED may contain for example titanium, niobium or boron.
k At the request of the purchaser, the DC04EK and DC05EK qualities may be supplied with Re ≤ 210 MPa and A80 ≥ 38 % in the 0,7 mm to 1,5 mm thicknesses. It is therefore for the manufacturer
to select the surface roughness within the range of normal roughness options.

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EN 10209:2023 (E)

Annex A
(normative)

Methods for determining the resistance to fish scaling of a steel sheet for
enamelling

A.1 Hydrogen permeation test

A.1.1 Field of application

The test pieces shall be 0,5 mm to 3 mm thick.

For steels with thickness of < 0,5 mm, this method does not apply.
A.1.2 Principle

Generate hydrogen electrolytically on one side of a degreased sheet. The time between the start of
electrolysis and the determination of hydrogen having passed to the other side of the sheet should be
defined as the hydrogen permeation time. A long permeation time shall indicate good resistance to fish
scaling.
A.1.3 Apparatus

— e.g. E. Buchel and L. Leontaritis measuring apparatus or an apparatus with a hydrogen sensor;

— electrolyte made up of 6 % (volume fraction) by volume of H2SO4 (60 ml of H2SO4) concentrated in

940 ml of distilled water) with 0,25 g/l of HgCl2 and 0,5 g/l of As2O3;

— highly alkaline degreasing agent, suitable for steel sheets;

— deionized water;

— 10 % to 15 % (mass fraction) hydrochloric acid or test pen.

NOTE All percentage values can also be calculated in g/kg.

A.1.4 Sampling

At least 2 samples (minimum size depending on aperture between electrolyte and sample) shall be taken
from each delivery. It should be noted that the most susceptible parts to fish scaling are those at the edges
of the coil.
A.1.5 Preparation

Bath No. 1 Degreasing

10 g/l to 30 g/l of degreasing agent in deionized water. Immerse the samples in an alkaline degreasing
agent, suitable for steel sheets. Bath temperature: 60 °C to 65 °C. Time: 5 min.
Bath No. 2 Cold rinsing or immersing
By spraying (or immersion) with deionized Water for 30 s. Dry the samples e.g. with a hot air blower.

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A.1.6 Check the degreasing quality

A.1.6.1 General

It is possible to check the degreasing quality by choosing one of two methods.

A.1.6.2 Method A

After Bath No. 1, take a sample as a control sample and treat in the following way (this control sample
will not be used to determine the hydrogen permeation time).
Immerse the control sample in a 10 % to 15 % solution of hydrochloric acid (100 g/l to 150 g/l HCl) at
room temperature for 15 s.
Rinse with mains water, having immersed the sample completely in deionized water.
Observe the film of water, which runs over the sample when it is held vertically for 15 s to 20 s. The water
shall run over the surface evenly. The water film shall not be broken.
A.1.6.3 Method B

Draw a sign on the edge of the specimen using the test pen to check the degreasing quality. The result is
positive if the line of ink stays unchanged for at least two (2) seconds on the material’s surface without
turning into drops.
If the check is not positive, increase the degreasing time. The sample should be regarded as unusable if a
total degreasing time over 30 min is required.
A.1.7 Permeation test procedure

Fix the test sample in the electrolysis device, the aperture of the sensor shall be completely covered by
the sample. The aperture of the sensor should have a size of minimum 2 cm2.
Fill the electrolysis cell with the electrolyte mentioned above. The test sample shall constitute the cathode
and the anode is made of platinum.
The electrolysis current (DC; current density 0,125 A/cm2 ± 0,010 A/cm2). The electrolyte should be
tempered e.g. through a glass coil which is immersed in the electrolyte and connect it to a circuit with a
thermostat in order to maintain a constant temperature of 25 °C ± 1 °C.
After a stabilization time e.g. of 10 min, establish the electrolysis current, this is the initial time of the
permeation curve. The stabilization time depends on the volume of electrolyte which is necessary for the
used device.
A.1.8 Hydrogen detection

A.1.8.1 E. Buchel and L. Leontaritis measuring apparatus

The volume of hydrogen which has passed through is recorded by the level of liquid in the capillary tube,
followed by a photoelectric cell connected to a recording devise.
Instead of the photo-electric method, one can also use an optical method, in which the time for the
appearance of the first H2 at the back side of the sheet steel sample is measured (t0).
A.1.8.2 Apparatus with hydrogen sensor

A third method is using a hydrogen sensor at the back side and connected to a software.

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 BS EN 10209:2023
EN 10209:2023 (E)

A.1.8.3 Evaluating the results

Based on this recording, the start of hydrogen passage (t0) may be established using the tangent method.
(Figure A.1).

Key
X time
Y hydrogen volume
1 charging period
2 transition state
3 stationary state
4 permeation time

Figure A.1 — Permeation curve

A.1.9 Evaluation

Calculate the hydrogen permeation value using the following formula:

15t 0
TH 1 = (A.1)
d2

or
t0
TH 2 = (A.2)
d2

where
t0 is the hydrogen permeation time in minutes (precision of 0,1 min);
d is the sheet thickness in mm (precision of 0,01 mm).

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BS EN 10209:2023
EN 10209:2023 (E)

The minimum TH1 value is 100 according to a Formula (A.1) and the minimum value of TH2 is 6,7
according to Formula (A.2) in order to have satisfactory resistance to fish scaling.
For boron and titanium steels, experience shows that given our current level of knowledge no reliable
correlation can be made between permeation time and the appearance of fish scaling. For these steels,
interpretation of the results of the hydrogen permeation test shall be the subject of agreement at the time
of ordering.

A.2 Fish scaling test using special enamel

In order to determine resistance to fish scaling, another test may be used. A laboratory enamelling
process with fixed parameters and using special enamel for the fish scaling test may be admissible.
Generally, an enamel thickness of 100 µm is applied. The enamel adherence should be poor: level 3 to 5.
Visual examination for fish scaling should be carried out 24 h after the enamel has been fired.

16
 BS EN 10209:2023
EN 10209:2023 (E)

Annex B
(normative)

Method for determining mass loss (iron loss) due to pickling for steel
grades for direct enamelling in accordance with 5.4.2

B.1 Principle

A test specimen is pickled in sulphuric acid (70 g/l) with a specific concentration of Fe2+. The loss of mass
is measured and converted into g/m2 of surface of the sheet.

B.2 Apparatus
— Kitchen paper.

— High precision balance (precision to 1 mg).

— One litre beaker, low form, external diameter 106 mm, height 145 mm.

— Heating plate with magnetic stirrer.

— Laboratory thermostat.

— Glass hooks.

— Sprayer.

— Hydrochloric acid, analytical quality.

— Sulphuric acid, analytical quality.

— Steel sheet to be tested.

— Highly deionized water, maximum conductivity of 30 µS/cm.

— Calibrated thermometer.

— Highly alkaline degreasing agent, suitable for steel sheets, containing silicates (Baths No. 1 and 3).

— Alkaline solution for Bath No. 9 (Henkel P3 T320 or similar product).

— Electric hot air dryer.

B.3 Sampling
The size of the sample sheet shall be 100 mm × 100 mm. Flat undeformed samples shall be used and shall
be taken from a point at least 150 mm from the edge of the coil.
Only samples without traces of corrosion, or mechanical damage on their surface shall be used. They shall
not have any burr. A 6 mm diameter hole shall be made for the hooks.

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BS EN 10209:2023
EN 10209:2023 (E)

B.4 Preparation
The test pieces shall be dried and cleaned with the kitchen paper.

B.5 Weighing
The test piece shall be weighed on an analytical balance to the nearest mg (value P1).

B.6 Cleaning
Bath No. 1: Degreasing
Highly alkaline product 30 g/l ± 5 g/l containing silicates, suitable for steel sheets.
Fill the preparation bath with deionized water. Change the bath daily. Use glass hooks for securing the
samples. Set the bath temperature between 70 °C and 75 °C; carry out degreasing for 5 min ± 15 s, stirring
with a magnetic stirrer.
Bath No. 2: Cold rinsing
By spraying (or immersion) with mains water for 30 s.
Bath No. 3: Degreasing
Identical to Bath No. 1, but with 20 g/l ± 5 g/l of degreasing agent.
Bath No. 4: Hot rinsing
By spraying (or immersion) with mains water at 65 °C for 30 s.
Bath No. 5: Cool rinsing
In running water for 2 min.

B.7 Checks on degreasing quality

— After Bath No. 5, take a sample as a control sample and treat in the following way (this control sample
will not be used to determine the mass loss due to pickling).

— Immerse the control sample in a 10 % to 15 % (mass fraction) solution of hydrochloric acid

(100 g/l to 150 g/l HCL) at room temperature for 15 s.

— Rinse with mains water, after having immersed the sample completely in deionized water.

— Observe the film of water which runs over the sample when it is held vertically for 15 s to 20 s. The
water shall run over the surface evenly. The water film shall not be broken.

— If the water film is not positive, increase the degreasing time. The samples shall be regarded as
unusable if a total degreasing time of over 30 min is required.

B.8 Pickling
Bath No. 6: Temperature setting
Immerse the test pieces in a water bath at 70 °C.
Bath No. 7: Pickling
Pickling condition: 70 g/l of H2SO4, 70 °C ± 0,3 °C, 7 min ± 5 s, stir with a magnetic stirrer.

18
 BS EN 10209:2023
EN 10209:2023 (E)

Fe2+ concentration: 2 g/l ± 0,2 g/l.

Prepare the bath in the following way: add 40 ml of H2SO4 (density 1,84) to 150 ml of deionized water.
Then, make up to 1 000 ml with water. Having increased the temperature of the solution to the pickling
temperature of 70 °C, dissolve 2 g ± 0,2 g of the steel sheet identical to the sheet to be tested having been
subjected to treatments B.6 and B.7 (dissolution approximately 20 min) to attain an Fe2+ concentration
of 2 g/l ± 0,2 g. Check the concentrations of sulphuric acid and Fe2+.
Change the pickling bath after pickling a maximum of three test pieces. Do not use the new bath more
than three days after it has been prepared.
Bath No. 8: Cold rinsing
Spraying (or immersion) in mains water for 15 s.
Bath No. 9: Neutralization
Immerse the samples in the alkaline solution (for example, 6 g/l of Na2CO3 ± 0,7 g/l of Na2B4O7, at 50 °C,
for 2 min).
Bath No. 10: Hot rinsing
Spraying (or immersion) in mains water at 65 °C for 30 s.

B.9 Drying
Dry with an electric hot air drier.

B.10 Weighing after cooling

After cooling to room temperature, weigh the test pieces immediately (value P2).

B.11 Evaluation

Calculate the loss due to pickling P (g/m2/surface) on the basis of the difference in the two weights
divided by the total surface area of the test piece (0,02 m2):
Indicate the values of each test and the mean obtained on the basis of not less than 3 test pieces. A
maximum scatter of 10 % is permissible. If it is greater, repeat the test.

P=
P1 − P2
0, 02
(g/m 2
/ surface )
Indicate the values of each test and the mean obtained on the basis of not less than 3 test pieces. A
maximum scatter of 10 % is permissible. If it is greater, repeat the test.

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BS EN 10209:2023
EN 10209:2023 (E)

Annex C
(normative)

Method for determining the adherence level of enamel applied to a steel

sheet

C.1 Field of application

The test pieces shall be flat, not deformed and have a thickness of between 0,60 mm and 3 mm.

C.2 Principle
The sample of enamelled sheet shall be deformed by a punch with a hemispheric tip onto which falls
a 1,5 kg mass, dropped from a height which is a function of the thickness of the sheet prior to enamelling.

C.3 Apparatus
— Impact testing machine as shown in Figure C.1.

— Document showing the reference photos of the five adherence levels of each of the three types
(conventional ground coat enamelling, conventional ground coat enamelling + white cover coat and
direct-on vitreous enamelling) given in Figure C.2.

C.4 Description of the apparatus

The impact testing machine is shown in Figure C.1.
The piece which strikes the punch shall have a mass of 1,5 kg.
The punch tip shall be hemispherical and have a 22 mm diameter.
The diameter of the hole punched into the base shall be 20,6 mm and the radius of the entrance to this
hole shall be 2 mm.

C.5 Procedure
First clean the enamelled test sheet with kitchen paper and fix it between the base and the support.
Position the 1,5 kg weight at height “h”, which shall be a function of the thickness of the sheet prior to
enamelling and is given in Table C.1 below.
Drop the weight.
Remove the punched sample having raised the support which is attached to the guide tube.
No further splintering of the enamel shall be expected before the adherence level is evaluated.

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 BS EN 10209:2023
EN 10209:2023 (E)

Table C.1 — Drop height h

Range of thickness t Drop height h

mm mm
0,3 ≤ t ≤ 0,6 750 a
0,6 < t ≤ 0,8 300
0,8 < t ≤ 1,2 500
1,2 < t ≤ 3,0 750
a Before performing the test, a 5 mm thick PTFE plate covered with a 3 mm thick rubber plate shall be placed
under the enamelled steel sheet at the test position (see Figure C.3).

C.6 Adherence level evaluation

C.6.1 Flat pieces

Assessment of the result is made solely on the amount of enamel which is retained adhered to the
substrate after the impact test — fracture of the deformed adhered enamel will always occur, even on
class 1 (excellent) classification.
Class “1” corresponds to an excellence adherence level and Class “5” is very poor.
Class 1: excellent: the impact surface is completely covered with enamel although fracturing will have
occurred.
Class 2: very good: the impact surface is almost completely covered with fractured enamel with some
slight evidence of the substrate visible.
Class 3: fair: the impact surface still has some coverage with fractured enamel, but large areas of the
substrate may be visible.
Class 4: poor: the impact surface is almost completely bare, with only residual traces of fractured enamel.
Class 5: very poor: the impact surface is completely bare, with a sharp delineation of the enamel —
substrate interface.
The adherence level evaluation shall be evaluated by comparing the appearance of the impact on the
enamelled test sheet with the reference photographs (Figure C.2).
C.6.2 Thinner sheet steel < 0,3 mm

If thinner thicknesses shall be tested, agreement shall be reached between the purchaser and supplier
prior to the test about the equipment to be used.
Interpretation of the test results shall also be agreed upon prior to the test.
Except for the interpretation and test equipment, this Annex C remains valid.
C.6.3 Deformed pieces

If deformed pieces shall be tested, agreement shall be reached between the purchaser and supplier prior
to the test about the equipment to be used.
Interpretation of the test results shall also be agreed upon prior to the test.
Except for the interpretation and test equipment, this Annex C remains valid.

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BS EN 10209:2023
EN 10209:2023 (E)

Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1 guide tube
2 enamelled test specimen
3 base
4 support

Figure C.1 — Impact testing machine

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 BS EN 10209:2023
EN 10209:2023 (E)

Class Direct-on enamelling 2 coats/1 fire enamelling Direct-on over nickel pre-
treatment
1

23
BS EN 10209:2023
EN 10209:2023 (E)

Class Direct-on enamelling 2 coats/1 fire enamelling Direct-on over nickel pre-
treatment
5

Figure C.2 — Enamel adherence test; impact test

Key
A enamelled steel sheet
B rubber
C PTFE

Figure C.3 — Impact test for thin enamelled steel sheet 0,3 < t < 0,6 (t in mm)

24
 BS EN 10209:2023
EN 10209:2023 (E)

Annex D
(informative)

Characteristics for the selection of enamelling steel grades

Customer: __________________________________________________
Enameller: __________________________________________________
Purpose: ____________________________________________________
Enamelling process Application
wet process powder
Ground coat and conventional enamelling (ground and cover coat 2 fire)
Ground coat without pickling (with subsequent cover coat enamelling)
Ground coat without pickling (acid-resistant visible ground coat)
Two coat/one fire enamelling without pickling
Direct-on cover coat enamelling with pickling and nickel-dip without
adhesive oxides in the frit
Other processes: ___________________________________________
Enamel type: _______________________________________________
Firing temperature: ______________°C Firing time: ___________ min

Kind of Concentration Temperature Time

Sheet pretreatment acid % g/l °C min
1st pickling (rust
removal)
2nd pickling (intensive)
Pickling additives

Fe loss: min. ________________ max: ________________ g/m2 surface

Concentration Temperature Time

Nickel deposition pH - value
% g/l °C min
Exchange process
Reduction process
Additions to the bath

Ni deposit: min. ________________ max: ________________ g/m2 surface

Date: ________________ Dept: ________________ Name: ________________ Tel: ________________

25
BS EN 10209:2023
EN 10209:2023 (E)

Bibliography

EN 10373, Determination of the physical and mechanical properties of steels using models

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