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Contents
1 WATERSHED MODELING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1 WATERSHED MODELING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1. WATERSHED MODELING
NARAYAN CHANGDER
1.1 WATERSHED MODELING
1. Name some of the ways in which humans 5. The small rivers in this diagram to connect
impact the watershed. together represent
A. Livestock/cropland
B. Impermeable surfaces and runoff
C. Pollution
D. Logging
2. What is a synonym for watershed?

A. drainage basin
B. divide A. Tributaries
C. canyon B. Run-off
D. tributary C. The Floodplain
D. The Watershed Boundaries
3. The water cycle has no start or end
6. The many streams that come together at
A. true the source of a river are called the river
B. false system
A. True
4. Which process would most likely increase
the dissolved oxygen level in a freshwater B. False
lake? 7. An ecosystem has:
A. algae bloom A. living things
B. lake turnover B. living and nonliving things
C. photosynthesis C. nonliving things
D. respiration D. nothing
1. A 1. B 1. C 1. D 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. B
1.1 WATERSHED MODELING 3
8. Which is NOT a type of NONrenewable en- B. North Carolina Sound

rgy? C. Chesapeake Bay

D. none of above
12. What are tributaries?

A. People who honor others
B. Smaller rivers that flow into larger
rivers
C. A lake or an ocean
D. Large ships
A. Oil
13. Which diagram shows the correct water
B. Hydroelectric
flow patterns of watersheds?
C. gas
A. ponds, lakes or oceans → rivers →
D. coal creeks → mountains and hills
9. What is a deep hole dug below the water B. mountains and hills → creeks
table that water seeps into? →rivers → ponds, lakes or oceans
A. Well C. rivers → ponds, lakes or oceans →
creeks → mountains and hills
B. Spring
D. mountains and hills → ponds, lakes or
C. Aquifer
oceans → creeks → rivers
D. Reservoir
14. What kind of plants show you that you are
10. What does pH measure? in a swamp?
A. the amount of oxygen present in the A. grasses
water
B. trees
B. the amount of heat present in the wa-
C. moss
ter
D. none of above
C. the amount of salt in the water
D. how acidic or basic the water is 15. As water flows it picks up
A. fertilizers, oils and pesticides
11. If I was a piece of pollution dropped into
watershed #1 where would I eventually B. sugar and spice and everything nice
end up? C. sunshine, sugar, and carbon dioxide
D. oxygen and carbon dioxide
16. A large stream of water that moves

through the ocean is called a
A. longshore drift
B. current
C. tide
A. Gulf of Mexico (Mississippi River) D. wave
8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. A

17. The water cycle and watersheds are di- 24. Which of the following is NOT a type of
rectly associated with one another. renewable energy?
A. True
B. False
18. Sewage leaking from a pipe.
A. Point Source Pollution
B. Non-point source pollution
NARAYAN CHANGDER
19. Which of these is NOT talking about a wa-
tershed?
A. An area where all water drains
A. Solar
B. Can also be called a river basin
B. Hydroelectric
C. Shaped by hills and mountains (topog-
raphy) C. Wind
D. Follows state lines D. Coal
20. Which is NOT a kind of wetland? 25. All water flows downhill.
A. Swamp
B. Marsh
C. Bog
D. Bay
21. The nonliving part of an ecosystem
A. Biotic
B. Ecosystem
A. True
C. Abiotic
D. Tributary B. False
22. Carson Middle School’s watershed is 26. An area of land that is saturated with wa-
ter for most or all of the year is a
A. Sugarland Run
A. seep
B. Cub Run
B. wetland
C. Horsepen Creek
C. cat tail
D. none of above
D. watershed
23. All of these are watershed systems in Vir-
ginia except 27. Soil is an example of a
A. Gulf of Mexico A. Biotic factor
B. Chesapeake B. Abiotic factor
C. North Carolina Sound C. competition
D. Sacramento River D. herbivorous
18. A 19. D 20. D 21. C 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. B
28. Chemicals dumped into a river from an un- 32. A watershed is-
known source.
A. a shed of water

B. smaller bodies of water
C. the land that water flows across or
29. Temperature is a factor through
A. Biotic D. none of above
B. Abiotic 33. land consisting of marshes or swamps; sat-
C. living urated land. Natural filter for water sys-
tems.
D. cool
30. ALL watersheds drain from high eleva-

tions (upstream) to low elevations (down-
stream).
A. Wetland
B. Stream
C. Tributary
D. Flood Plain
34. Snow melts in parking lots and carries oils

A. True into nearby waterways
B. False
31. What is the type of water that moves un-

derground?
A. Point
B. Non-Point
35. Excess nutrients in the water are likely to

cause
A. a rise in water temperature.
A. surface water B. an overgrowth of algae.
B. water table C. fish to grow too large and use too
C. groundwater much oxygen.
D. watershed D. fish eggs to not hatch.
29. B 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. B 36. A

36. The place where an organism lives is its A. groundwater

B. Watershed
A. habitat C. runoff
B. abiotic D. none of above
C. ecosystem
41. Which of the following is NOT a residential
D. community use of water>
37. Fill in the blank. A small amount of rain A. cooking and drinking
NARAYAN CHANGDER
can go back up in the clouds, some can en- B. washing dishes and clothes
ter the ground, and the rest is
C. washing cars and watering the lawn
A. runoff
D. watering the crops
B. precipitation
E. showers and toilets
C. ground water
42. The measurement of soil, silt, and other
D. none of above
material that is suspended in water is
38. The living components of a watershed. called
A. water
B. rocks
C. abiotic
D. biotic
39. A measure of the degree to which the wa- A. turbidity
ter loses its transparency (clarity) due to B. salinity
the presence of suspended particulates. C. Pesticide
D. Watershed
43. Watersheds are very rare?
A. true
B. false
44. Where does the Grand River watershed
A. pH flow from?
B. Dissolved Oxygen A. Jackson to Lake Michigan
C. Salinity B. Texas to California
D. Turbidity 45. Which measure of water quality tests the

amount of suspended solids (water clar-
40. What is this? ity)?
A. dissolved oxygen
B. turbidity
C. salinity
D. pH
37. A 38. D 39. D 40. C 41. D 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. B 46. B
46. An area of higher elevation that separates 51. Who pollutes the ocean the most?
watersheds is called A. Marine Animals

A. a mountain B. Humans
B. a ridgeline C. Land Animals
C. a riverbank D. none of above
D. a plateau
52. What watershed is number 2 on the map?
47. oil leaking from cars in a parking lot is
found in runoff
48. The highest point of a mountain within a

watershed A. North Carolina Sounds
A. Watershed B. Gulf of Mexico
B. Chesepeake Bay C. Chesapeake Bay
C. Ridgelines D. All of the above
D. Tributary
53. What are formed when water vapor con-
49. Water occurring in a stream, lake, river, denses?
reservoir, estuary, wetland or the ocean
is called
A. Ground water A. Clouds

B. Surface water B. Mountains
C. Watershed C. Transpiration
D. none of above D. Valleys
50. When the temperature of water increases 54. Which of the following statements are
(gets warmer) true:
A. it can hold more oxygen A. Water moves within the watershed
B. it can hold less oxygen B. People affect watersheds
C. it remains the same C. Neither statement is true
D. none of above D. Both statements are true
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55. Whitefish are an example of a native A. North Carolina Sounds

species in our watershed (species that live B. Gulf of Mexico
were born nod live in a specific area).
C. Chesapeake Bay
A. true
D. All of the above
B. False
61. Biotic factors of a watershed are:
56. Wetlands collect water from , , and
A. Living
NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. rivers, lakes, and bays B. Non-living
B. creaks, streams, and rivers 62. These arrows show
C. streams, bays, and oceans
D. oceans, rivers, and lakes
57. Each basin is separated by a divide like a

ridge, hill, or mountain.
A. True
B. False
A. runoff
58. A flat area that surrounds a river or
B. flood plains
stream.
C. sediment
A. Sediment
D. Salinity
B. Runoff
C. Floodplain 63. The nonliving things in an ecosystem that
D. Point Source Pollution affect it (such as water quality, soil, sun-
light)
59. Car leak oil onto driveways and it washes A. biotic factors
away
B. abiotic factors
C. algae
D. robots
64. The source is where a river or stream be-

gins.
A. Point A. True
B. Non-Point B. False
60. What watershed is number 3 on the map? 65. How can planting trees reduce runoff?
A. Trees hold the soil together preventing
erosion
B. Trees clean the air
C. Trees won’t help
D. none of above

66. Which larger watershed is the James River 71. What is a body of water that combines
Watershed part of? freshwater from rivers and lakes with
saltwater from the ocean?

A. Mississippi River Watershed
A. Estuary
B. Chesapeake Bay Watershed
B. Floodplain
C. Pacific Northwest Watershed
C. Wetland
D. Great Lakes Watershed
D. Tributary
67. This is where the stream opens into a river
72. A mink is a mammal we found in the wet-
land of our Grand River watershed.
A. Ridge
B. Landform
C. Tributary A. true
B. false
D. Mouth
73. Area of land that water drains over or
68. Runoff from the pavement at a gas station through on its way to a bigger body of wa-
is most likely to contain which type of pol- ter such as a river, late, estuary, or ocean.
lution?
A. point source pollution
B. toxic pollution
C. sediment pollution
D. nutrient pollution
A. Watershed
69. Identify the watershed where the school
is located. B. River System
A. Tennessee C. Sea
B. Kahba D. Water Filter
C. Coosa 74. The use of pesticides and fertilizers is care-
fully monitored because of the effect they
D. rope bead
can have on the environment. Which of
70. How many direct tributaries are there to the following is a possible negative effect
the main river? of the use of these chemical on the envi-
ronment?
A. 5
A. Runoff carries these chemicals into
B. 4
lakes and streams.
C. 6 B. Theses chemicals cannot be pur-
D. 3 chased in large bulk.

C. These chemicals are expensive to pro- C. only in ohio

duce.
D. in the ocean
D. Storage space for these chemicals is
limited. 78. What causes an Earthquake?
75. What is this? A. Tectonic plates in the Earth moving and
sliding.
B. Giants racing across the Earth.
NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. Masses of people jumping up and
down all at once.
D. none of above
79. Water that flows along Earth’s surface to

A. groundwater eventually return to the ocean is called
B. runoff
C. watershed
D. none of above
76. The action of water removing soil, rock,

or dissolved material from one location on
the Earth’s crust, and then transporting it
to another location.
A. runoff
B. storm drain
C. tributary
D. groundwater
80. What is substance with a neutral pH of 7?

A. Milk
B. Orange Juice
C. Water
D. Blood
A. Turbidity
B. runoff 81. Which of the following in NOT an example
C. Dissolve of sediment from your notes?
D. Erosion A. Silt
77. where are wetlands found? B. Sand

A. only in south carolina C. Gravel
B. all over the USA D. Cobbles

82. What is the difference between oceans 87. Precipitation that runs off the ground.
and the Great Lakes? A. source

A. Oceans are salt water while the Great
B. mouth
Lakes are fresh water
C. runoff
B. Oceans are fresh water while the
Great Lakes are salt water D. tributary
83. Can runoff pick up sediments and pollu- 88. Conserving water for residential use
tants? would involve
A. Yes A. xeriscaping
B. No B. drip irrigation
84. Why are estuaries considered “nurseries C. reusing cooling water
of the sea”? D. manufacturing goods
89. This arrow points to a
A. because they filter sediment and pollu-

tants from water
B. because they are an excellent place for A. ridgeline / divide
predator and prey B. tributary
C. because they provide a good environ- C. runoff
ment for organisms to raise their young
D. floodplain
D. none of above
90. George and Joanne live in the dessert.
85. what is the largest contributor of fresh
They have a yard with pretty stones, some
water to the bay?
cactus, and native trees. What kind of
A. Suseehkwa River water-conservation is this?
B. Susquehanna River A. intercropping
C. James River B. terracing
D. Delaware C. windbreak
86. Pollutants from a factory that enter the D. Xeriscaping
water in a watershed will have a negative
effect on which of the following? 91. The water that fills lakes and rivers
A. Available space for crops A. groundwater
B. Local pond life B. surface water
C. Rainfall rates C. water table
D. Direction of river flow D. saturated zone

92. Runoff from which state will have the 96. What is a negative impact that results
biggest impact on the water quality of the from over-pumping wells in an aquifer?
Colorado River shown here? A. there is no positive or negative affect
B. extra water for irrigation is available
C. subsidence occurs causing the land to
slowly sink
D. long term drought occurs in the area
NARAYAN CHANGDER
affecting plants
97. What is erosion?

A. When rocks and sand are moved by wa-
A. California ter
B. Nevada B. When water gets contaminated
C. Arizona C. When plants grow next to a river
D. New Mexico D. When rocks are broken apart by water
98. After the clarification step in wastewater

93. Is the presence of oysters a healthy or un-
treatment, the solid waste called is
healthy water quality indicator?
sold off and the liquid waste called
A. healthy moves on the be filtered and disinfected
B. unhealthy A. sewage and dirty water
B. sludge and effluent
94. What is the name of YOUR watershed?
C. effluent and sludge
D. dirty water and sewage
99. Which watershed is the largest in Vir-

ginia?
A. York Watershed
B. Shenandoah Watershed
A. Lake Lewisville Watershed C. James River Watershed
B. Trinity River Watershed D. Albemarle Sound Watershed
C. Elm Fork of the Trinity River Watershed
100. Underground rock formations where
D. Denton County Watershed groundwater is collected are called
95. Which is the ONLY Alabama watershed to
drain into the Mississippi River Basin?
A. Tennessee
B. Coosa
C. Black Warrior
D. Tombigbee

A. Aquifers C. Catawba River

B. Percolation D. Craig River

C. Runoff 106. Is sunlight an abiotic or biotic factor?
D. Surface Water A. abiotic
101. How do plants effect he amount of water B. biotic
run-off?
107. After water from streams flows down-
A. absorb some water ward into creeks and rivers it eventually
B. breathing ends up
C. protect topsoil A. in the watershed
D. provide homes for animals B. in a waterway like a lake, pond, or
ocean
102. What do watersheds consist of?
C. in a snowpack
A. Rivers and lakes
D. none of above
B. Mountains and valleys
108. Runoff is a type of
C. Forests and wetlands
D. Deserts and plains
B. nonpoint source pollution
103. Number 3 shows all water flows into
C. groundwater
the-
D. sediment
A. Gulf of Mexico
B. North Carolina Sound 109. The draining away of water and sub-
stances carried in it from a surface:
C. CHesepeake Bay
A. River system
D. Pacific Ocean
B. Runoff
104. What does a scientist do at a museum?
C. Watershed
A. puts the most updated information into
D. Food plain
the exhibits
B. Sleeps at the museum 110. Water that flows over the land to
streams, rivers, and lakes
105. What major river watershed are we a
part of at QMS?
A. Evaporation
B. Condensation
A. James River C. Precipitation
B. Roanoke River D. Runoff

111. What is considered a “nursery” for many 116. Often water must be treated to become
young organisms? , safe to drink
A. river systems A. pathogen
B. estuaries B. potable
C. tributaries C. clarified
D. watersheds D. bonifide
NARAYAN CHANGDER
112. A scale of acidity from 0 to 14. It tells 117. Washing away of the land by the water
how acidic or alkaline a substance is. as it flows by is called-
A. groundwater
B. deposition
C. sediment
D. erosion

A. Salinity eventually return to the ocean is called
B. Turbidity
C. pH
D. Dissolved oxygen
113. An ecosystem that has many different

species in that area
A. Watershed
B. Wetlands A. Runoff
C. Biotic B. Storm drain
D. Biodiversity C. Surface water
114. A watershed is all of the that water D. Tributary
flows over or through before reaching a 119. A place where fresh water from a river
lake or river. and salt water from an ocean meet and
A. creeks mix.
B. land
C. canyons
D. runoff
115. Biotic can be defined as

A. the living parts of an environment
B. non-living parts of an environment
C. rocks and water
D. snakes and water A. Watershed

B. Tributary B. snow
C. Estuary C. sleet

D. Divide D. hail
120. How are watersheds characterized? 124. What is an example of Point Source Wa-
A. area, vegetation, soil type, slope, ter pollution?
B. area, soil type, size of tributaries, veg- A. Wastewater pipe draining into a
etation stream
C. soil type, slope, source zone, vegeta- B. Runoff from agriculture

tion C. Precipitation
D. Source zone, transition zone, headwa- D. Runoff from city
ters, area
125. The desert known as Death Valley is part
121. Fertilizers added to crops on farms can of a watershed.
collect in runoff and enter the watershed.
A. true
This problem would be reduced in areas
where- B. false
A. crops are grown for animals as well as 126. Select the 3 bodies of water that Virginia
humans. watersheds drain into.
B. farms are situated on the sides of A. Chesapeake Bay
mountains.
B. Gulf of Mexico
C. an extended drought leads to little or
C. A hair road cancer
no rain.
D. North Carolina Sound
D. the growing season of the crops is
longer. 127. Which watershed is Prince William
County located in?
122. Biotic means:
A. Living A. Mississippi River Watershed
B. Non-living B. Potomac River Watershed
C. Man made C. Shenandoah River Watershed
D. Found in nature D. James River Watershed
123. The most common type of precipitation is 128. Factors within an ecosystem that are liv-
ing. (Plants/Animals)
A. rain A. Biotic

B. Abiotic 133. An estuary has this kind of water:

C. Ecosystem A. Salt
D. Habitat B. Fresh
129. The Chesapeake Bay is the largest in C. Salt and Fresh
the contiguous United States. D. None of the above
A. Watershed 134. What is a watershed?
B. River System A. one body of water
NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. Estuary B. an area made up of lots of bodies of
D. Water Park water including rivers, streams, and lakes
130. Biotic means: 135. Which of the following are ways people
affect the watershed?
A. Pollution produced by power plants,
factories and cars
B. Clearing forests for homes
C. Chemical and wastes dumped into the
stream
A. Living D. All of the above.
B. Non-living
136. An area of land where the surface wa-
C. Man made ter and groundwater drain into a particular
D. Found in nature body of water
131. Is a deer an abiotic or biotic factor? A. Watershed
B. Drainage Divide
C. Erosion
D. Aquifer
137. Discharge from a pipe entering a river is
point source pollution
A. abiotic A. True
B. biotic B. False
132. Water with high turbidity 138. Construction sites sediments wash away
into a stream.
A. is cloudy and hard to see through A. Point

B. is clear B. Non-Point

139. Estuaries provide many for insects, 143. Where are hurricanes most likely to do
birds, and other animals. the most damage?

A. habitats A. Near the coast
B. wetlands B. In the forest
C. watersheds C. In a desert
D. turbidity D. On the North Pole
140. Loudon County has a lot of horse farms. 144. All bodies of fresh water, salt water, ice,
What kind of pollution are horses likely to and snow that are found above ground are
produce? known as
A. nutrient pollution
B. sediment pollution
C. toxic pollution
D. point-source pollution
141. What is number one known as?
A. groundwater
B. surface water
C. glaciers
D. precipitation
eventually return to the ocean is called
A. runoff
A. Upstream
B. infiltration
B. Downstream
C. tributary
C. River Source
D. groundwater
D. Main river
146. What is the soil, silt, and other material
142. A smaller watershed can be a PART of a that is suspended in water and eventually
bigger watershed. settles out on the bottom of a river, lake,
or other body of water?
A. True A. Sediment
B. False B. Fertilizer
C. Grilled Cheese C. Pesticide
D. none of above D. Watershed

147. Starts by lightning or a camper C. Urban Development

A. Wildfire D. none of above
B. Blizzard 152. What is an area of high elevation that
C. Meteor separates watersheds?
D. Hurricane A. Tiff line
148. Is a deer an abiotic or biotic factor? B. Ridge line
NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. Hill
A. abiotic
D. Divide
B. biotic
153. A meander would be found in which por-
149. What is a partially enclosed body of wa-
tion of a stream?
ter that has a mixture of salt water from
the ocean and fresh water from rivers and A. Upstream near the source.
streams? B. In the high elevation areas of the
stream
C. Downstream near the mouth.
D. Most streams don’t have meanders.
154. What does abiotic mean?

A. living
B. nonliving
A. Estuary
B. Watershed 155. Preservation, protection, or restora-
tion of the natural environment, natural
C. Tributary
ecosystems, vegetation, and wildlife.
D. Bay
150. Which of the following are groundwater?
A. Surface water
B. Recycling
C. Runoff
A. Lakes, ponds, creeks streams, ocean, D. Conservation
rivers
156. Which statement about water pollution is
B. Wells, water table, aquifers TRUE?
151. Which would increase the amount of A. Pollution only affects surface water.
runoff you get? B. Pollution cannot be dissolved in water.
A. Vegetation C. Pollution affects both surface and
B. More plants groundwater.

D. Pollution cannot travel through soil to 161. Made up of the biotic community and the
groundwater. abiotic factors that affect it.

157. Which of the following describes large ar- A. ecosystem
eas of ground that fall or flow on slopes B. water quality
due to gravity?
A. floods C. habitat
B. hurricanes D. watershed
C. landslides
162. Nonliving factors in an ecosystem
D. wildfires
A. biotic
158. The town’s industry plant was recently
caught dumping excess waste into the lo- B. abiotic
cal lake. What type of polluting has oc- C. estuary
curred?
D. wetlands
163. Wetlands store flood waters. How is this

beneficial? Choose the best answer.
A. point-source
B. non point-source
C. neither point-source or non point-
source
D. extra waste does not count as pollu-
tion
A. Its not really beneficial because this
159. Which body of water does the state of may flood peoples homes.
Virginia NOT drain water to?
B. It releases the water is increments
A. North Carolina Sound which will really increase the wildlife in
B. Gulf of Mexico that area.
C. Long Island Sound C. It releases the water in increments (
D. Chesapeake Bay a little at a time) which slows the water
down thus slowing erosion.
160. Which measure of water quality tests D. Its really not beneficial because this
how acidic or basic the water is? will flood the habitats of the wildlife living
A. dissolved oxygen there.
B. pH
164. Which ecoregion hasa presence of plants
C. temperature and trees that helps to prevent soil erosion
D. salinity during rainfall events?

168. Pollution that comes from MANY dif-

ferent places and is hard to identify its
source.
NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. Region 1 Piney Woods
B. Region 4 Gulf Coast Prairies and
Marshes
C. Region 7 Edwards Plateau
A. Point
D. Region 10 High Plans
B. Non-Point
165. Which lake is a part of the CAP system? 169. Boundary between dry land and water
A. Tempe that is saturated with water.
B. Apache A. Watershed
C. Saguaro B. Divide
D. Pleasant C. Wetland
D. Estuary
166. ALL of Virginia’s rivers and water drain
into the Chesapeake Bay. 170. Overflow during a heavy rainstorm from
a wastewater treatment plant would re-
sult in-
A. flooding in the local aquifer.
B. weakened housing foundations.
C. polluted runoff into nearby ponds
D. over-treated drinking water.
A. True 171. The use of pesticides and fertilizers must

be carefully monitored because of the ef-
B. False
fect they can have on the environment.
167. A certain plant needs moisture, carbon Which of the following is a possible neg-
dioxide, oxygen, light, and minerals to sur- ative effect of the use of these chemicals
vive. This scenario shows that this partic- on the environment?
ular living organism depends on . A. Runoff carries these chemicals into
A. Biotic and Abiotc Factors lakes and streams.
B. Theses chemicals cannot be pur-
B. Biotic Factors
chased in large bulk.
C. Abiotic Factors
C. These chemicals are expensive to pro-
D. None of the Above duce.

D. Storage space for these chemicals is 177. “Turbidity” is the measure of a body of
limited. water’s

172. Why do cities and suburbs have more A. cloudiness
runoff and pollution? B. eutrophication
A. More people making pollutants C. temperature change
B. Pavement doesn’t absorb water
D. flocculation
C. Storm drain water not cleaned
D. All of the above 178. Fertilizer from people’s yards is a point
source pollution
173. a source of pollution that you can not eas-
A. True
ily identify, such as oil and pesticides from
runoff, is considered B. False
A. Point source
179. What is a partially enclosed body of wa-
B. Nonpoint ter that has a mixture of salt water from
the ocean and fresh water from rivers and
174. the change of state from a gas to a liquid
streams?
A. water cycle
B. evaporation
C. precipitation
D. condensation
175. Are rocks biotic or abiotic factors?
A. Estuary
B. Watershed
C. Tributary
D. Wetland
A. biotic 180. Which of the following human activities

is LEAST likely to impact a watershed?
B. abiotic
A. Flying in an airplane
176. What catastrophic event results in de-
B. Cutting down trees
struction along a narrow path?
A. a volcanic eruption C. Fertilizing towns
B. Ah tsunami D. Reading a book
C. a hurricane
181. Which watershed(s) are not numbered on
D. to tornado this picture?

B. Movement of water down through soil

C. Supply of water to land or crops for
growth
D. Sand, Silt, clay
185. On Earth, what process generates most

of the water vapor?
NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. Condensation
B. Evaporation
C. Precipitation
A. Yellow D. Transpiration
B. Chipola
186. An area of land that channels rainfall into
C. Lost rivers, streams, creeks, or other sources
D. Escatawpa of water is called
E. Choctawhatchee A. An aquifer
B. A swimming basin
182. Watersheds are separated by
C. A watershed
A. Estuary
D. An estuary
B. Erosion
C. Floodplain 187. Fertilizer farm runoff
D. Ridgeline / Divide A. Point Source Pollution
183. The Clean Air Act and The Clean Water B. Non-point source pollution
Act are laws created by the:
188. Select all abiotic factors from the options
A. Local government below.
B. Federal government A. sunlight
C. State government B. water
D. Industies in the private sector C. air
184. What is irrigation? D. topography
E. soil
189. Instead of using his bike to go to places,

a college student uses his car. What type
of pollution would this cause?
A. Nutrient
B. Bacterial
A. Liquid moving down through porous C. Toxic

surface or substrate D. none of above

190. A geographical barrier. 194. Which one is an example of non-point

A. aquifer source pollution?

A. Litter on city streets
B. divide
B. pesticides from neighborhood lawns
C. runoff
C. fertilizers from many farms
D. point source
D. All the above
191. Where would you most likely find a
mountain range in Canada? 195. What percent of the Earth’s water is
readily available for drinking?
A. 1%
B. 5%
C. 25%
D. 50%
196. A system made up of organisms interact-
ing with one another
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. none of above
A. biology
192. Eutrophication is caused by B. abiotic
A. runoff of excessive fertilizer and nutri- C. biotic
ents
D. ecosystem
B. cleaning up waterways
197. A is the area of land that collects
C. using nuclear energy
runoff and channels it into a main body of
D. using solar energy water such as a river or lake.
193. How do nitrate levels affect the health of A. tributary
a water system? B. watershed
A. As nitrates decrease, there is an in- C. aquifer
crease in plant growth D. mountain
B. nitrates cause bacteria to consume
198. A nonliving element in an ecosystem is an
large protein molecules
A. animal
C. nitrates cause aquatic organisms to
die due to oxygen depletion B. abiotic factor
D. as nitrates increase, there is an in- C. biotic factor
crease in dissolved oxygen D. organism

199. provide a natural flood defense by C. downhill flow of water

storing water in the ground. D. flow of rivers
A. Rivers
203. Water that hits land and flows into a
B. Estuaries creek, stream, or a river is best describes
C. Wetlands as
D. Watersheds A. condensation
B. precipitation
NARAYAN CHANGDER
200. What is a branch of biology that studies
relationships of organisms to one another C. run-off
and their physical surroundings? D. transpiration
204. If soils and rock can cleanse groundwater,

then wetlands must also treat it.
A. True
B. False
205. The Santa Ana River drains into the Pa-

cific Ocean near
A. Geology A. San Diego
B. Chemistry B. Huntington
C. Physics C. San Francisco
D. Ecology D. Baja California
201. Which point in the diagram shows small 206. What is it called when creeks and smaller
streams and rivers flowing into a larger rivers join together to make a larger river?
body of water?
A. River Systems
B. Topography
A. watershed divide
C. Watershed
B. tributaries
D. Groundwater
C. rain
D. precipitation 207. this type of soil is very decomposed or-
ganic matter(remains of plants and ani-
202. The appearance of land is shaped by mals
A. pull of gravity A. clay
B. location of streams and rivers B. humus

C. silt
D. soil

runoff and channels it into a main river.
A. ridgeline
B. runoff
C. floodplain
D. tributary
213. All bodies of fresh water, salt water, ice,

and snow that are found above ground
A. peninsula
B. tributary
C. groundwater
D. watershed
209. the change of state from a liquid to a gas

A. water cycle
A. Groundwater
B. evaporation
B. Surface water
C. precipitation
C. Runoff
D. condensation
D. Swimming pool
210. All of the following are animals found in
the wetlands EXCEPT 214. True or false:a divide is always a moun-
tain
A. frog
A. True
B. turtle
B. False
C. mosquito
215. Wetlands are saturated (full of) water
D. polar bear
A. True
211. What is Phoenix (Tempe) watershed’s B. False
name?
A. Caribbean 216. This word describes when rock has
spaces that allows water to move through
B. Upper Colorado River
A. Permeable
C. Lower Salt River
B. Impermeable
D. Saguaro Lake
C. Surface Water
212. This arrow points to a D. Drainage Divide

217. True or False:The Chesapeake Bay is A. Atlantic Ocean

made completely of ocean water. B. Chesapeake Bay
A. True C. Gulf of Mexico
B. False D. Mississippi River
218. Cleaning and industrial waste are sources 223. How do watersheds fit together?
of which pollutant? A. watersheds are different sizes, and
A. nitrates they are nested
NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. phosphates B. watersheds are all the same size
C. salinity 224. too much phosphate in water is what cat-
D. none of above egory of water pollution?
A. organic
219. A farmer is storing the manure from his
B. inorganic
farm in large piles next to the river. What
type of pollution would this cause? C. nutrient
A. Toxic D. heat
B. Bacterial 225. A wetland is like a sponge because it
220. Which of the following is NOT a major

watershed of Virginia?
A. North Carolina Sounds
B. Chesapeake Bay
C. New River
D. Gulf of Mexico A. absorbs flood water
221. Density currents are caused by B. cleans water
A. density differences caused by temper- C. provides habitat
ature & salinity. D. none of above
B. changes in wind directions. 226. What is turbidity?
C. prevailing winds.
D. none of above
222. The James River empties directly into

the:
A. a small stream that flows into a larger
stream
B. a measurement of the total amount of
suspended solids in water (cloudy water)
C. a map of the hills and valleys in an area
D. a measurement of the amount of salt
in water

227. A network of rivers, streams, and creeks 231. An area of low-lying flat ground adjacent
are called to a river that floods when there is too
much water in the river.

A. River Systems
B. Tributaries
C. Watersheds
D. none of above
228. What shapes the appearance of the land

when you see a watershed? A. Stream
B. Tributary
A. The downhill flow of water towards the
ocean. C. Wetlands
B. The water basins. D. Flood Plain
C. The amount of water in the land. 232. Streams and rivers (river systems) that
combine and eventually flow into the a wa-
D. The speed of the water. tershed.
229. Why does fertilizer pollution stimulate A. Tributary
the growth of algae in a pond? B. Wetland
A. Algae are producers and use the fertil- C. Estuary
izer’s nutrients to rapidly multiply. D. Watershed
B. Algae are producers and use the fertil- 233. What catastrophic event deposits nutri-
izer’s nutrients during decomposition. ents in the soil along river banks?
C. Algae are parasites and absorb energy A. Hurricane
from the fertilizers in order to grow.
B. Tornado
D. Algae are herbivores that feed off of C. Flood
the plants, which grow due to the excess
fertilizers. D. Tsunami
234. Check all the tributaries to the Missis-
230. What is this natural disaster? sippi River
A. Ohio
A. Earthquake
B. Tennessee
B. Flood C. Alabama
C. Drought D. Arkansas
D. Tsunami E. Snake

235. What is this natural disaster? 238. All water eventually empties into
A. an ocean
B. a river
C. the ground
D. a lake
239. Watersheds can consist of smaller subwa-
NARAYAN CHANGDER
tersheds.
A. Blizzard A. true
B. Earthquake B. false
C. Avalanche
240. The yellow line on this map represents
D. None of them the boundary between the
236. What is concerning experts regarding the
supply demand of the Ogallala Aquifer in
the future?
A. Gulf of Mexico Chesapeake Bay Water-

sheds
B. Chesapeake Bay North Carolina
Sounds Watersheds
C. North Carolina Sounds Gulf of Mexico
A. Too much water Watersheds
B. Water loss faster than can be replaced D. none of above
C. Ice Age 241. A recent flood in the area has caused
D. Frequent storms many short term changes to the ecosystem.
Which is a long term change?
237. Our watershed is part of a larger water-
shed called- A. Standing water in the streets and sew-
ers
B. Temporary displacement of organisms
C. Permanent change in the landscape
D. Poor water quality in rivers and
streams
242. Reuben properly disposes of all pesti-

A. Gulf of Mexico cides, preventing any polluted runoff from
B. Mississippi Valley Watershed going into the watershed.
C. Chesapeake Bay Watershed A. Positive Impact
D. Albemarle Sound B. Negative Impact

243. What are some ways that watersheds 249. Pollution has been traced to this drainage
can be polluted? (select all that apply) pipe. How would you classify this pollu-
tion?

A. sewers emptying into rivers
B. oil leaking
C. littering
D. washing car
E. picking up after pets
244. Watersheds always go from north to

A. point source
south.
B. nonpoint source
A. true
B. false 250. non point-source pollution from local traf-
fic would most likely end up in which of the
245. In Washington Court House we get our following water bodies first?
water from?
A. The Ohio River
B. Deer Creek
C. Paint Creek
D. The Scioto River
A. groundwater
246. True or False:Soil is really important for
water quality because it reduces runoff by B. river
absorbing and cleaning water. (Earth’s C. wetlands
Brita Filter)
D. lake
A. True
251. There is nothing we can do to stop water
B. False
pollution.
247. Which pollutant is soluable in water?
A. Sediment
B. Phosphorus
C. Nitrogen
D. none of above
248. The process where water or irrigation

runs over land and seeps into the ground,
or flows into streams or oceans.
A. water cycle A. True
B. runoff B. False
C. precipitation 252. What happens when water goes into a
D. evaporation storm drain?

A. Water goes straight to the Chesa- C. abiotic

peake Bay D. biology
B. Water is cleaned before going into the
Bay 257. Which is an example of a biotic factor in
the environment?
253. Why is gravity a factor in watersheds? A. The climate in the region
A. it causes the water to flow away from B. Carnivores that consume other ani-
a watershed through run-off mals
NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. it causes the water to flow down to- C. Amount of helium gas in the air
wards a watershed through run-off
D. Flow of water in a river
C. it causes the water to flow away from
a watershed through infiltration 258. Physical and chemical weathering both
D. it causes the water to flow down to- A. change rocks into new materials.
wards a watershed through infiltration B. dissolve rocks.
254. Select all the terrestrial features of a wa- C. break rocks into smaller pieces.
tershed. D. require exposure to air.
A. Transition Zone 259. A place where fresh water from rivers
B. Source Zone mixes with salt water from the ocean.
C. Floodplain A. Estuary
D. Headwaters B. Divide
255. A substance that provides nourishment C. Wetland

essential for growth and the maintenance D. Tributary
of life. This type of pollution causes algal
260. What are two things that happen to rain-
blooms which create water dead zones.
fall, specifically having to do with its func-
tion within the watershed?
A. runs downhill across the land to join a
river
B. turns to ice
C. evaporates
D. Percolates to join groundwater
A. Nutrients 261. The Ogallala Aquifer runs below 8 states
B. Salts in America’s Great Plains & provides wa-
ter to nearly 1/5 of the crops & cattle
C. Sediment
produced in the USA. How did this aquifer
D. Pollution originate in the region?
256. All of the nonliving parts of an ecosystem A. Human population Growth
are B. Last Ice Age
A. biography C. Rains storms
B. biotic D. Drought seasons

262. Select all human activities that would af- A. Dots on their mouths
fect a watershed.
B. rings on their bony plates

A. Building a dam
B. Drought 267. Areas of higher elevation that separate
watersheds are called
C. Increasing impervious surfaces
(roads, parking lots, foundations, etc.) A. tributaries
D. Pollution B. drainage divide
E. Hurricanes C. canyons
263. A river or stream flowing into a larger D. mountains
river or lake.
268. This image shows a(n)
A. Tributary
B. Ecosystem A. Aquifer
C. Stream
B. Pollution Chart
D. River
C. Vacation Home
264. Rivers help to carry and deposit D. Watershed
A. Sediment
B. Water 269. Freezing causes
C. Wetlands A. physical weathering.

D. Erosion B. chemical weathering.
265. Landslides are caused by C. both chemical and physical weather-

ing.
A. The trees deciding that they want a
new home. D. neither chemical or physical weather-
ing.
B. Landslides are not real.
C. Gravity pulling soil down a cliff or 270. The transition zone between dry areas of
mountain that has been loosened by rain land and bodies of water are called:
or weathering.
A. Wetlands
D. none of above
B. Watersheds
266. Lake sturgeon can live up to 150 years
C. Divides
old! To tell how old they are scientists
count the D. Estuaries

271. All of the following are examples of wet- C. Divide

lands except: D. Watershed
275. The term potable is sometimes used to

describe water. Which of these words has
the same meaning as potable?
A. turbidity
B. drinkable
NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. Bogs C. contaminated
B. Prairies D. acidic
C. Marshes 276. Which major Virginia watershed do we
D. Swamps live in?
272. An indicator will when it is in contact

with an acid or base
A. Bubble
B. Form a new substance
C. Change color
D. Stay the same color
A. Gulf of Mexico (Mississippi River) Wa-
273. Caves are most likely to form from tershed
the chemical weathering of which kind of B. North Carolina Sound Watershed
rock?
C. Chesapeake Bay Watershed
A. Granite
D. none of above
B. Limestone
277. Wetlands reduce erosion because they
C. Basalt
act like a
D. Sandstone
A. sponge
274. An area of land that drains to a particular B. bowl
river, lake, bay, or other body of water is
called a C. brush
D. cup
278. Chesterfield county is part of which of

Virginia’s MAJOR watershed systems?
A. Tributary
B. Wetland A. Chesapeake Bay

B. North Carolina Sound B. increase in plant growth

C. Gulf of Mexico C. increase in fish population

D. All of the above D. increase in water temperature
279. What is the name of river number 1? 283. The Potomac River flows into which ma-
jor watershed?
A. Atlantic
B. Bull Run
C. Chesapeake Bay
D. Broad Run
A. James River
B. York River 284. Which state is NOT included in the Chesa-
C. Potomac River peake Bay watershed?
D. Rappahannock River
280. What stage of the water cycle causes the

most pollution in a watershed?
A. Condensation
B. Precipitation
C. Runoff
D. Infiltration
281. Which of the following is NOT considered

a wetland?
A. Virginia
B. West Virginia
C. New Jersey
D. New York
285. Disposing of paint and other household

hazardous materials down the drain
A. Bog
B. Lake
C. Desert
D. River
282. Which is the most likely result of an in-

crease in the level of nitrates in a body of
water? A. Point
A. increase in turbidity B. Non-Point

286. An area of land where water drains from 290. Identify the Chattahoochee watershed.
the highest to the lowest point is known
as
A. Watershed
B. Ocean
C. River
D. Precipitation
NARAYAN CHANGDER
287. Leaves should be raked down a storm
drain so they can decompose in the stream
and provide food for the fish
A. True
B. False
A. 2
288. label
B. 11
C. 3
D. 1
291. The red line on this diagram represents
A. 1. Chesapeake bay A. Tributaries

B. 1. Carolina sounds B. Run-off
C. 2. Mississippi River
C. The Floodplain
D. 2. Gulf of Mexico
D. The Watershed Boundaries
E. 3. North Carolina Sounds
292. Which river DOES NOT flow into the
289. Distance between points where the wave
Chesapeake Bay?
begins to repeat itself
A. trough A. James River
B. amplitude B. Choptank River

C. wavelength C. Rappahannock River
D. frequency D. Mississippi River

293. Pollution that comes from a single source

A. Pacific Ocean
B. Atlantic Ocean
A. Point
C. Indian Ocean
B. Non-Point
D. Arctic Ocean
294. The nonliving components of a watershed
299. What is number 5 known as?
are the abiotic factors.
A. True
B. False
295. The breakdown of rocks caused by wind,

water, ice and humans
A. erosion
B. weathering
C. pH A. River Source
D. eutrophication B. Tributaries
296. At the beach which agent of erosion af- C. Wetlands

fects the coast? D. Mouth
A. Wind 300. What percentage of our water on the
B. Water planet is drinkable?
C. Animals A. 1%
D. Gravity B. 10%
C. 50%
297. What do we call an area that catches wa-
D. 100%
ter that falls to the Earth’s surface and
drains it over land or underground 301. What is a watershed?
A. watershed A. A collection of lakes and ponds
B. drain pipe B. The land area through which any water
moves or drains to reach a stream
C. funnel
C. The clouds that form abve a land mass
D. stomata
that shed their water on the land
298. Where do all three of VA’s major water- D. The process of precipitation, transpira-
sheds ultimately drain to? tion, evanporation, and condensation

302. This years poster contest theme is A. Melts

A. Recycle, Reuse, Reduce B. Evaporates
B. Save our Planet C. Condenses
C. Water is Important D. Precipitates
D. Watersheds-Our Water, Our Home
307. Which of the following natural disasters
303. If I was a piece of pollution dropped into have had the LEAST impact on TEXAS
watershed #2 where would I eventually
NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. hurricanes
end up?
B. floods
C. tornadoes
D. earthquakes
308. If a body of water has high turbidity lev-

els, what can most likely be concluded?
A. It is unsafe to drink
A. Gulf of Mexico (Mississippi River) B. It contains a lot of chemicals
B. North Carolina Sound
309. Which is an example of an abiotic factor
C. Chesapeake Bay in a pond environment?
D. none of above A. The water
304. Two sources that provide oxygen that B. A frog
gets dissolved into water are the atmo-
C. A grasshopper
sphere and
A. Fish respiration D. A snake
B. Plants in the water 310. What are Virginias watersheds?
C. land dwelling plants A. Chesapeake bay (Northeast)
D. Hydrogen and oxygen bonds B. Chesapeake bay (south west)
305. Watersheds are important because they C. Mississippi River (west)
A. prevent surface runoff D. Gulf of Mexico (west)
B. increase the soils pore space E. North Carolina sounds (north)
C. removes salt from ocean water
311. Which rivers are considered tributaries to
D. prevents floods and provides fresh wa- the Barwon River in Australia?
ter
306. When water , dew forms.

A. Darling
B. Balloons

C. Murray
D. Oving
312. All water in a watershed flows

A. downstream A. nonpoint source
B. upstream B. point source
313. Which of the following is NOT a benefit 316. Pollutants from a highway enter a
of uplands? stream or creek and travel to a river.
River water tested with the pollutant
found is called
A. Filters sediment
B. Critical habitat A. point source pollutionAvailable space
C. Encourages erosion for crops
D. Stabilizes soil B. nonpoint source pollution.
314. Which geographic region of Virginia has C. eutrophic pollution

the least impact on the water quality of D. riparian pollution
Chesapeake Bay?
317. Which of the layers is composed of imper-
meable material?
A. Coastal Plain
B. Piedmont
C. Blue Ridge Mountains
A. Layer B:the unconfined aquifer
D. Appalachian Plateau
B. Layer C:the unconfined aquifer
315. This type of pollution does NOT have one
C. Layer C:the confining layer
identifiable source because runoff moves
over or through the ground. D. Layer D:the unconfined aquifer

318. What type of pollution is a factory that

dumps waste into a nearby river?
A. point
B. nonpoint
319. Which of these pollutants are commonly

found in a watershed?
NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. Pet Waste
B. Sediments from Erosion
C. Fertilizers / Pesticides
A. 1
D. Plastics / Litter / Car Oil
B. 2
E. All of the Above and More!
C. 9
320. What is it called when smaller streams D. 7
join together to make a larger river?
323. Runoff from agricultural land carries
chemicals from fertilizers that collect in a
lake. The buildup of chemicals can eventu-
ally cause-
A. aquatic life, such as fish and turtles, to
die from a lack of oxygen.
B. excess water to fill the aquifer, result-
ing in pore shrinkage and subsidence.
A. River Systems C. river tributaries to reroute, changing
B. Topography the flow of natural waterways.
D. rainfall levels to drop causing drought
C. Watershed
and a shorter growing season.
D. Groundwater
324. Which number best represents a ridge-
321. Subsidence, or the sinking of the ground line?
because of weakened underground rock
layers, is often the result of humans-
A. fertilizing crops with strong chemicals.
B. building dams to change the direction
rivers flow.
C. excessively pumping water from
aquifers. A. 1
D. constructing highways through natural B. 2
habitats.
C. 3
322. Identify the Coosa watershed. D. 4

325. If a substance has a pH of 3 it is consid- 329. Bends and turns within a river are called-
ered A. watersheds

B. tributaries
C. ecosystems
D. meanders
330. The upper surface of the zone of satura-

tion in groundwater is the
A. water table
A. an acid
B. well
B. a base
C. neutral C. spring
D. a salt D. headwaters
326. Large but small animals without a back- 331. Wetlands are known as “transition
bone. zones”
A. microinvertebrate A. True
B. macroinvertebrate B. False
C. invertebrate
332. Which of the following species is not na-
D. Vertebrate tive to the Santa Ana River?
327. Snow, sleet, hail, and rain are all exam- A. Santa Ana Sucker
ples of B. Steel Head Trout
A. evaporation C. Feral Pigs
B. condensation
D. Black Bears
C. accumulation
333. The natural home or environment or an
D. precipitation
animal that includes both biotic and abiotic
328. The tidal mouth of a large river, where characteristics is called an:
the tide meets the stream. (The Chesa-
peake Bay is the largest in the US!)
A. Estuary A. Habitat
B. Reservoir B. Ecosystem
C. Wetlands C. Biome
D. Landforms D. Ecology

334. Which major Virginia watershed is green 339. Select all of the following that are bene-
on this map? fits of a wetland.
A. provide food and shelter for migratory
birds and other organisms
B. trapping nutrients and breaking down
pollutants
C. maintaining water quality by filtering
NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. Gulf of Mexico Watershed sediments
B. Chesapeake Bay Watershed D. increasing erosion by slowing down

run-off
C. North Carolina Sounds Watershed
D. none of above 340. All of the land that drains into a body of
water.
335. A large drainage basin or region that con-
tributes water to a stream lake or other
body of water.
A. wetland
B. tributary
C. watershed
D. buffer zone A. Watershed
B. Tributary
336. The water under the ground is known as
C. Estuary
A. groundwater
D. Divide
B. aquifer
C. water table 341. This is a wetland marsh composed of
a mixture of both salt and freshwater
D. water
(brackish water).
337. The build up of nutrients in a lake is a
process called
A. eutrophication
B. volcanic eruption
C. algae buildup
A. estuary
D. pond death
B. fen
338. The mouth of the river or stream is where
C. bog
it begins.
D. river
A. True
B. False 342. What is our local watershed called?


A. Biotic
B. Abiotic
347. Which state is not one of the six states

that are part of the Chesapeake Bay Wa-
tershed?
A. Mississippi River
A. North Carolina
B. Chesapeake Bay
B. Maryland
C. Gulf of Mexico
C. Virginia
D. none of above
D. Delaware
343. When water flows across the surface of
the earth it is called? E. Pennsylvania
A. Watershed 348. Which of these is NOT a function of wet-
B. River lands?
C. Run Off A. They are excellent areas for disposing
D. Rain waste.
344. Factors That Impact Watersheds: B. They provide shelter for wildlife.
A. TOPOGRAPHY/ELEVATION C. They help remove pollutants from the

water.
B. VEGETATION (Plants)
D. They help reduce erosion of the land.
C. Both
D. none of above 349. Which glass contains water with high tur-
bidity?
345. How many states are part of the Chesa-
peake Bay Watershed?
A. 1
B. 6
C. 3
D. 4
346. Termites are tiny insects that can cause

severe damage to homes and other struc-
A. Glass 1
tures that consist of wood. Termites are
an example of what type of factor. B. Glass 2

350. Pollution that finds it’s way to a water B. near a cattle farm
system in runoff or ground water. Can not
C. near a dam
identify its source.
D. at the bottom of the ocean
354. Water that collects in cracks and pores

underground in soil and rock layers.
NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. Non-Point Source Pollution
B. Point Source Pollution
C. Runoff
D. Erosion A. ground water
351. What is a watershed? B. surface water
355. Areas of higher elevation that separate

watersheds are called-
A. tributaries
B. ridgelines or divides
C. streams
A. Water in an area D. valleys

B. Water that flows into a river or stream 356. What is a watershed?
C. Land that water flows over and A. Land that collects and channels water
through froma small body of water to a larger body
D. Water that is salty of water
352. What is the main purpose of digging a B. the shape of the land determined by el-
channel or building a dam on a river? evation
A. to change the temperature of the wa- C. A natural stream of water of consider-
ter able volume
B. to accelerate the rate at which the soil D. a river and all its tributaries
erodes
C. to alter the flow of the river in a spe- 357. How many watersheds are in Pennsylva-
cific direction nia
D. to change the pH of the water A. 2

B. 4
353. Where is water most likely to become
contaminated? C. 6
A. forest D. 8

358. How does climate affect a watershed? 362. Which is NOT an appropriate use for our
A. It determines the amount of water in- watershed?

put and output in a watershed.
B. It determines if the watershed will ab-
sorb water or not.
C. It determines how fast water will be
moved through a watershed.
D. It does not affect watersheds.
359. Where does it all end up eventually?

A. soil
B. slides A. Waste disposal
C. oceans
B. Recreation
D. swings
C. Consumption
360. The pollution shown in the picture is an
D. Agriculture
example of non-point source pollution.
363. What is an area of land where surface
water and groundwater drains into a river
system?
A. True
B. False
361. What is the water cycle?
A. Runoff
B. Tributary
C. Wetland
A. the 3 forms of water
B. the movement of water on, above, or D. Watershed
below the surface of the Earth
364. Nitrates and phosphates are considered
C. when water melts to be THIS type of pollution, as they cause
D. when clouds form things to grow.

D. Supply of water to land or crops to help

growth
368. Abiotic factors are livings things in an
ecosystem.
A. False
A. Toxic B. True
B. Nutrient
369. All water below the surface of land is
NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. Sediment called
D. none of above A. water table
365. A tributary is- B. watershed
A. streams and smaller rivers that join to- C. groundwater
gether to form a larger river D. runoff
B. the land that water flows across 370. Which state is NOT included in the Chesa-
C. a large body of water peake Bay Watershed?
D. the bends and turns within a river A. Virginia
366. What is a watershed? B. Maine
A. an area where there are not a lot of C. New York
trees and lots of floodplains D. Pennsylvania
B. all the major rivers in the USA 371. Adding a riparian buffer to a stream
C. *An area of land in which all the water would result in
that enters it, drains into a common body A. lower sediment runoff
of water
B. higher sediment runoff
D. process by which water cycles through
C. a surge in nutrients
the Earth
D. improved water quality
367. Hydrology
372. What is a tributary?
A. The study of science concerned with A. a small stream that flows into a larger
the earth’s water stream
B. Movement of water down through the B. all the lakes in an area
soil C. a map of the hills and valleys in an area
C. Water moving down through a porous D. a measurement of the amount of salt
surface or substrate in water

373. Which of the following can pollute wa- A. It will stay on his property
ter? B. It will make his neighbors property

A. Moss nice
B. Pesticides C. It will keep traveling to the ocean
C. Seaweed D. There is no such thing as too much fer-
D. Fish tilizer
376. Which of the following is an example of
374. Choose the correct option
how humans can reduce the rate of natural
erosion?
A. plow cropland
B. clear land of trees to build
C. plant trees
D. logging
377. The Santa Ana River starts in the
A. The proposed law will protect the lake
because plant roots between the wetland A. Shasta Mountains
and the lake will stop pollution from enter- B. Mt. Rubidoux
ing the lake. C. San Bernardino Mountains
B. The proposed law will not protect the D. San Jacinto Mountains
lake because animals that live in or near
the lake will add pollution to the lake. 378. Which state does not drain to the Chesa-
C. The proposed law will not protect the peake Bay?
lake because groundwater will carry pol- A. Maryland
lution from the wetland directly into the B. Virginia
lake
C. West Virginia
D. The proposed law will protect the lake
because the high elevation of the water ta- D. North Carolina
ble will block pollution from entering the 379. Water has a neutral pH because
lake.
A. it has more H+ ions than OH-
375. This image represents a watershed. If a B. it has more OH-ions than H+
farmer where to continually over-fertilize
C. it does not produce any ions
his fields, where could the extra fertilizer
finally settle? D. it has an equal amount of H+ and OH-
in solution
380. How many states are in the Chesapeake
Bay Watershed?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 5
D. 6

381. What is a watershed? 385. Overflow from a pipe at a sewage treat-

A. An area of land where all the water ment plant is a point source pollution
drains into a common outlet A. True
B. A type of bird found in wetlands B. False
C. A method of irrigation used in arid re-
386. Which is the most likely effect of too
gions
much nitrogen and phosphorus flowing
D. A type of rock formation found in caves into a lake?
NARAYAN CHANGDER
382. Overflow during a heavy rainstorm from A. algal blooms
a wastewater treatment plant would re- B. greater salinity
sult in-
C. decreased turbidity
A. polluted runoff into nearby ponds.
D. lower temperature
B. flooding in the local aquifer.
C. weakened housing foundations. 387. Fertilizer can runoff land into water and
cause some aquatic plants to
D. over-treated drinking water.
A. grow out of control
383. Area of land that drains into a river sys-
B. do nothing
tem.
C. pack their bags and move away
D. file a complaint with the EPA
388. Why should farmers be concerned about

unused nitrates contaminating surface wa-
ter and groundwater supplies?
A. Unused nitrates reduce algae growth.
B. Unused nitrates increase oxygen in the
water.
C. Excessive amounts of nutrients cause
overpopulation of fish.
A. Runoff D. Excessive amounts of nutrients speed
up the eutrophication process.
B. Tributary
C. Wetland 389. Which statement about water pollution is
true?
D. Watershed
A. pollution affects only the surgace of
384. is where freshwater and saltwater the water
meet.
B. pollution cannot be dissolved in water
A. Brackish water
C. pollution impacts both surface water
B. Salinity water and groundwater
C. Groundwater D. pollution cannot travel through soil to
D. Demineralised Water groundwater

390. What is all the water that runs off the 394. Living and once living factors in an
surface of the land and washes into rivers, ecosystem
streams, and other waterways called?

A. watershed
B. ecosystem
C. biotic
D. abiotic
395. What is a watershed?

A. The bay
B. land that water runoff flows across to
A. Runoff a stream lake or wetland
B. Storm Drain C. Land that water runs through to a

stream lake or wetland
C. Surface Water
D. Land that water destroys by the flow of
D. Tributary water
391. If water is not able to flow through the 396. The blue arrows in this diagram represent
rock, the rock is?
A. permeable
B. impermeable
C. geyser
D. aquifer
392. Rainwater running off a parking lot after

a storm is point source pollution
A. True A. Tributaries
B. False B. Run-off
393. Which watershed is number 1 on the C. The Floodplain

map? D. The Watershed Boundaries
397. Areas of high elevation that separate wa-

tersheds.
A. Divide
B. Wetland
C. Tributary
A. Gulf of Mexico D. Estuary
B. North Carolina Sounds 398. Where would you find brackish water?
C. Chesapeake Bay A. Wetlands
D. All of the above B. Aquifers

C. Glaciers A. Point
D. Estuaries B. Non-Point
399. Which major Virginia watershed is pink 403. Another name for a divide is
on this map?
A. Ridgeline
B. tributary
C. floodplain
NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. none of above
A. Gulf of Mexico Watershed 404. Water in its gas form is called ,

B. Chesapeake Bay Watershed A. water vapor
C. North Carolina Sounds Watershed B. precipitation
D. none of above C. ice
400. Which are things that will help an estu- D. air
ary?
A. Chemicals applied to gardens and 405. The average person uses how much wa-
lawns ter a day?
B. Trash dropped in a storm drain A. 1 gallon

C. Silt resulting from farmland tilled over B. 10 gallons
every year C. 70 gallons
D. None of the above
D. 700 gallons
401. The process by which water on the sur-
face seeps into the soil to become ground- 406. We counted benthic macroinvertebrates
water is called as bioindicators to measure the quality of
water. What is a bioindicator?
A. Runoff
A. any living creature
B. Evaporation
C. Transpiration B. algae blooms
D. Infiltration C. An organism sensitive to its environ-

ment
402. A ship carrying gasoline runs into shore
D. none of above
and spills large amount of gasoline.
407. A mountain ridge would be this part of a
watershed (drainage basin)
A. Aquifer
B. Water table
C. Zone of aeration
D. Divide

408. What is the difference between the biotic C. precipitation

and abiotic factors? D. transpiration

A. Biotic factors are living things and abi- E. condensation
otic factors are nonliving things.
B. Biotic factors are nonliving things and 413. Sunken land surface due to underlying
abiotic factors are living things. compression of earth material.
A. drainage
409. The functions of a wetland include
B. runoff
A. habitat for corals and sponges
C. subsidence
B. habitat for migratory birds
D. aquifer
C. hydroelectric power plants
D. increasing erosion 414. A new golf course is built next to a river.
Over the past several months, the nitrate
410. A base is a substance levels of the water in the river have been
A. That releases OH-ions when dissolved increasing. Which best explains the cause
in water of the increasing nitrate levels?
B. That releases H+ ions when dissolved A. increased growth of algae

in water B. decreased biodiversity
C. Does not release any ions when dis- C. runoff from fertilizer
solved in water D. none of above
415. Physical and chemical weathering differ
411. Water from precipitation that drains into because
a gully that slows into a stream, which in A. only chemical weathering produces
turn flows into a river lake, reservoir, es- new materials.
tuary, wetland, or the ocean.
B. only physical weathering creates
A. surface water smaller pieces of rock.
B. ground water C. only physical weathering involves wa-
C. runoff ter.
D. drainage D. chemical weathering is faster than
physical weathering.
412. What process transforms the water va-
por in the atmosphere to the liquid water 416. What are the biotic factors in this image?
in a cloud?
A. evaporation A. sunlight, elephants, and grasses

B. infiltration B. sunlight, water, and air

C. elephants, plants, trees 421. Algae blooms are masses of algae that
D. none of above are eaten by oxygen using bacteria.
A. True
417. Factors within and ecosystem that are
B. Fase
NOT living. (Rocks/Water/Air)
422. What definition best describes a water-
shed?
A. An area where water infiltrates soil
NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. An area where aquatic plants live and
thrive
C. An area where snow melts and
changes the liquid into water
A. Biotic D. an area that collects precipitation and
B. Watershed drains it to the lowest point
C. Abiotic 423. The Santa Ana Rivers drains at
D. Erosion A. Pacific Ocean near Huntington Beach
418. These arrows point to B. Pacific Ocean near San Diego
C. Atlantic Ocean near Florida
D. Atlantic Ocean near Gulf of Mexico
424. Which would a scientist expect to find in

a lake that experienced a sudden increase
in nitrate levels?
A. an increase in temperature
A. runoff
B. an increased number of fish
B. pollution
C. an increase in dissolved oxygen
C. Tributaries
D. an increased amount of algae and
D. storm drains aquatic plants
419. Improper disposal of trash can eventually 425. I can label the parts of a watershed, like
make its way into the ocean or other wa- the picture in my digital notebook.
ter systems
A. true
A. True
B. false
B. False
426. Why do dams negatively impact water-
420. When pollution enters a water source sheds?
from runoff from a large area of land, and
A. creates electricity for the human pop-
NOT from a direct source, this is called
ulation living within the watershed
A. Point Source Pollution B. Inhibits the distribution of nutrients
B. Non-point Source Pollution down stream

C. disconnects fish population allowing 431. How might runoff carrying excess fertil-
for new species to arise izer from agriculture affect the town’s lake
and organisms?

D. prevent pollution from going down
stream
427. What is this natural disaster?
A. the runoff will not affect the lake or or-

ganisms
B. the runoff will lead to a massive in-
crease in algae growth, then causing fish
die offs
A. Tsunami C. the runoff will lead to a massive in-
B. Flood crease in algae growth, then fish popula-
tions will increase
C. Wildfire
D. the runoff immediately kills all organ-
D. I don’t know isms within the lake ecosystem
428. Which measure of water quality tests the 432. The yellow line on this map represents a
amount of salt present?
A. temperature
B. pH
C. salinity
D. dissolved oxygen
A. Tributary
429. True or False:Streams receive water from B. Divide
the land that surrounds them.
C. Estuary
A. True
D. Floodplain
B. False
433. A substance of energy introduced into the
430. Which of the following lists has ONLY bi- environment that has undesired effects.
otic factors? A. pollutant
A. snail, algae, guppy, sunlight B. water pollution
B. temperature, Daphnia (water flea), C. point source pollution
snail, guppy (fish) D. non-point source pollution
C. snail, guppy (fish), Daphnia (water
434. Chemical pesticides are sometimes
flea), algae
sprayed on crops to kill insects that eat
D. temperature, pH, conductivity, nitrite the crops. Which might be a concern about
concentration using pesticides in aquifers?

A. grow food and clean groundwater 438. Healthy (potable) pH of a fresh water
B. keep food fresh and filter water source is around
C. runoff can pollute creeks, rivers, and

aquifers
D. kill insects and improve the growth of
crops
435. Natural or artificial removal of surface
NARAYAN CHANGDER
and sub-surface water from an area. A. 2.0
A. drainage B. 3.4
B. runoff C. 7.0
C. non-point source D. 9.0
D. point source 439. True or False:The shape of the land af-
fects where water drains. Water is al-
436. A natural system linked by living (plants, ways going to flow downhill because of
animals) and nonliving (soil, air, water) gravity.
things?
A. True
B. False
440. Smaller watersheds can exist inside of

larger watersheds.
A. True
B. False
A. Ecosystem
441. The meeting of two or more bodies of wa-
B. Riverbasin
ter is called ?
C. Watershed
A. confluence
D. Estuary
B. delta
437. A boundary, usually the top of a moun- C. river
tain, between two watersheds. D. bridge
442. What is number 6 known as?
A. Watershed
B. Tributary
C. Estuary
D. Divide A. Wetlands

B. River Source A. evaporation

C. Tributaries B. condensation

D. Floodplains C. accumulation
443. Watersheds are located only in mountain- D. precipitation
ous areas with high rainfall
A. True 447. A coastal inlet or bay where freshwater
mixes with salty ocean water
B. False
A. Estuary
444. The health of an ecosystem is directly re-
lated to the B. Wetland
C. Watershed
D. Ecosystem
448. All water in a watershed flows

A. downstream
B. upstream
449. What is a measure of how well a mate-

A. Air Quality rial absorbs water? There are multiple an-
B. Water Quality swers.
C. Amount of animals in the area A. permeability
D. Amount of food in the area B. occlusion
445. Which of the following statements best C. porosity
describes porosity.
D. exclusion
A. The ability of rock or sediment to allow
a fluid to pass through 450. Which is an example of point source pol-
B. The amount of open space in rock and lution?
soil
A. Littering
C. Sand has large particles so it has a low
porosity B. Factory discharge going into the river
D. Clay has small particles so it has high C. Using pesticide
porosity D. Using fertilizer
446. Snow, sleet, hail, and rain are all exam-
ples of 451. high point of a wave
A. crest
B. trough
C. amplitude
D. wavelength

452. Evaporation happens when the sun A. Water table

water and turns it into vapor.
B. Surface Water
C. Watershed
D. Drainage Divide
456. Select the 3 bodies of water that Virginia

watersheds drain into.
NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. Chesapeake Bay
B. Gulf of Mexico
A. cools
C. A hair road cancer
B. heats up
D. Albemarle Sound
C. freezes
D. lights up 457. Which storms have the strongest winds?
453. What is a channel of water that flows A. hailstorms

into a larger one? B. tornadoes
A. Estuary
C. earthquakes
B. Floodplain
D. hurricanes
C. Wetland
D. Tributary 458. Which pollutant is sticky, binding itself to
sediment?
454. Water from rain or melting snow that
flows over the surface of the ground into A. nitrogen
streams. B. phosphorus
459. The largest watershed in Virginia is the
A. Slush
B. Acid Rain
C. Rainwater
A. Chesapeake Bay
D. Runoff
B. North Carolina Sound
455. The top of the saturation zone, below
C. Gulf of Mexico
which water fills all the open spaces be-
tween the rocks D. none of above

460. A logging company cuts down several C. algae buildup

acres of land in Prince William County D. pond death
to get wood for furniture. What is the

most likely effect of these trees being cut 465. What describes the smaller streams and
down? rivers that feed into the larger river of a
A. It will cause more erosion in the area. watershed?
B. It will cause more toxic pollution in the A. Lake
area. B. Tributary
C. It will cause more diversity of species
C. Estuary
in the area.
D. Sound
D. It will reduce the amount of run-off in
the area. 466. In which area would the rate of evapora-
461. The breakdown of rock physically tion be the lowest?
A. Chemical Weathering A. Over the ocean

B. Mechanical Weathering B. Over the mountains
C. Over the rainforest
462. What is a example of a abiotic factor?
D. Over the desert
A. Panda
B. Bacteria 467. What % of LIQUID water is found on
C. Butterfly Earth?
D. Weather
463. An area of land where the surface water

and ground water drain into a particular
body of water.
A. aquifer
B. watershed
C. subsidence
D. divide
A. 0.01%
464. The build up of nutrients in a lake is a
process called B. 3%
C. 10%
D. 22%
468. Low point of a wave

A. crest
B. trough
A. eutrophication C. Amplitude
B. volcanic eruption D. wavelength

469. Turbidity is the cloudiness of water which A. a storm drain

can have a major impact on an ecosystem. B. a filterra
What type of environmental factor is tur-
bidity? C. a pervious surface
A. Biotic D. an impervious surface
B. Abiotic 473. What percent of all water on Earth is salt-
C. Ocean system water?
NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. Lake system A. 25%
B. 71%
470. The moving of land by the action of wind,
water or other natural processes is called C. 75%
D. 97.5%

lated to the:
A. Tributary
B. Erosion
C. Divide
D. Deposition
471. Pollutants are introduced into surface or

ground water without a specific location
source. A. Air quality
A. point source B. Amount of animals in the area
B. non-point source C. Water quality
C. water pollution D. Amount of food in the area
D. pollutants 475. Appalachian mountains split up water-
472. This picture shows a type of pavement sheds directing water
that allows water to drain through to re- A. True
duce run-off. This is an example of B. False
476. Wetlands help control flooding by

A. absorbing runoff from heavy rains
B. collecting water behind dams
C. providing natural water filtration
D. quickly releasing water

477. Wide, Flat, border areas onto which wa- 482. The natural home or environment of an
ter spills out at times of high flow: animal, plant, or other organism.

A. Salinity
B. Runoff
C. Food plain
D. none of above
478. Which city is in the Chesapeake Bay wa-

tershed? A. Ecosystem
B. Habitat
C. Abiotic
D. Biotic
483. Abiotic means-

A. living
A. Big Stone Gap B. nonliving
B. Glen Allen
484. The action of clearing out a wide area of
C. Emporia trees
D. none of above A. Deforestation
479. The build up of sediment or sand as a re- B. Wetlands
sult of water or wind moving it. C. Estuary
A. Erosion D. Tributary
B. Deposition
485. A tributary is
C. Weathering
A. the same as an ocean.
D. Abrasion
B. a bay such as the Chesapeake Bay.
480. Waste water from factories is known as C. a small stream that leads into a river.
effluent.
D. Several small streams that lead into a
A. True river, including that river.
B. False
486. What is it called when rocks and soils are
481. What catastrophic event could cause worn away by rushing water, rain, wind,
plants to die due to salt water invasion? or ice?
A. Hurricane A. Erosion
B. Tornado B. Leaching
C. Flood C. Runoff
D. Wild Fire D. Storm Drain

487. Brackish water is: 491. It is like a natural basin that collects and
channels water from higher elevations to
lower elevations. Watersheds come in all
, ranging from small ones that cover
a few acres to large ones that span thou-
sands of square miles
A. shapes and sizes
B. natural basins
NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. Salty C. elevations
B. Fresh D. lower elevations
C. Found only in extremely cold water 492. The act of preserving or protecting natu-
D. A mix of salty and fresh ral resources.
488. Water is a compound that consists of 2 A. renewable resource

hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom. Up B. nonrenewable resource
to 60% of an adult human is made up of C. pollution
water. Water is an example of what type
of factor? D. conservation
493. A biological community of interacting or-

ganisms and their physical environment
(Interaction between biotic and abiotic fac-
tors).
A. Biotic
B. Abiotic
489. The ability for rocks and sediments to al-

low fluids to flow through its cracks, open A. Ecosystem
spaces, and pores. B. Wetlands
A. permeability C. Habitat
B. occlusion D. Reservoir
C. porosity 494. The Santa Ana River flows for about
D. exclusion A. 100 miles
490. What kind of plants show you that you B. 500 miles
are in a bog? C. 1000 miles
A. grasses D. 5000 miles
B. trees 495. What do all the sources of groundwater
C. moss contamination shown have in common?
D. none of above A. caused by humans so it is preventable

B. naturally occurring so it cannot be pre- 500. An is made up of living and nonliving

vented things.

A. food chain
496. What are the 3 types of wetlands?
B. universal solvent
A. swamp, ocean, river
C. ecosystem
B. pond, river, marsh
D. solute
C. marsh, marsh, marsh
501. All the living population and nonliving
D. swamp, marsh, bog
parts of an environment
497. A is a transition zone between dry A. Wetlands
land and bodies of water that are soaked B. Watersheds
with water for part of the year.
C. Ecosystem
A. tributary
D. Deforestation
B. ecosystem
502. What is the top of the water-filled spaces
C. wetland (saturated zone) in the ground called?
D. watershed A. Groundwater
498. What is eutrophication? B. Reservoir
A. A process that occurs when a body of C. Water Table

water becomes overly enriched with nutri- D. Well
ents, leading to excessive growth of algae
and other aquatic plants. 503. River system:all of the tributaries that
drain a watershed
B. A process that occurs when a body
of water becomes depleted of nutrients, A. True
leading to a decrease in aquatic plant B. False
growth.
504. Water occurring in a stream, lake, river,
C. A process that occurs when a body of reservoir, estuary, wetland or the ocean.
water becomes overly polluted with chem-
icals, leading to the death of aquatic or- A. Watershed
ganisms. B. Drainage Divide
D. A process that occurs when a body of C. Surface Water
water becomes overly acidic, leading to D. Ground Water
the destruction of aquatic ecosystems.
505. Which of the following is the most rea-
499. A living or once-living organisms in an sonable explanation of why a well drilled
ecosystem is a into an aquifer would fail to produce wa-
A. population ter?
A. Pollutants have seeped into the
B. biotic factor
groundwater.
C. abiotic factor
B. Excessive growth of algae has killed lo-
D. community cal pond life.

C. Over pumping has exceeded rain wa- 511. A map that uses contour lines to show
ter replenishment. changes in elevation.
D. Runoff containing chemicals has
caused a dead zone.
506. What is an estuary?

A. where fresh water meets salt water
B. where a stream joins a larger river
NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. an area of land where water flows A. Topographic map
over
B. Watershed map
D. none of above
C. Google Maps
507. Which of the following helps to prevent D. Road map
erosion?
A. building a new shopping mall near a 512. All the land that drains into a common
wetland body of water is called a
B. planting trees A. basin
C. cutting down trees B. wetland
D. plowing cropland C. watershed

D. water valley
508. What is the final result of eutrophication
(algae blooms)? 513. What is the purpose of play in young an-
A. More algae imals?
B. decreased oxygen and fish kills

C. less turbidity
D. a new pond
509. wetlands are good for everything EX-

CEPT ?
A. they help filter dirty water
B. they provide a habitat for many plants A. Makes them smarter
and animals B. Strengthens bones
C. they help control flooding C. Builds muscles
D. throwing old tires in D. Helps them make friends
510. A resource that cannot be replaced in a 514. All water flows and eventually emp-
lifetime. ties into
A. renewable resource A. downstream, an ocean
B. nonrenewable resource B. upstream, a river
C. pollution C. downstream, the ground
D. conservation D. upstream, a lake

515. Soil is the top layer of the earth’s sur- A. divide

face; a mixture of mineral, organic matter B. tributary
and living things in which plants grow.

C. river
A. True
D. aquifer
B. False
519. Any time a reaction occurs
516. Which of the fallowing has only abiotic A. physical weathering results.
factors?
B. chemical weathering results.
A. Sunlight, algae, and temperature
C. neither chemical or physical weather-
B. Guppy, crab, oxygen ing results.
C. Sunlight, soil, and weather D. both chemical or physical weathering
D. Algae, temperature, and dog occurs.
517. The use of pesticides and fertilizers is 520. True or False:Human activities have no ef-
carefully monitored because of the effect fect on the amount and quality of water in
they can have on the environment. Which streams
of the following is a possible negative ef- A. True
fect of the use of these chemical on the
B. False
environment?
521. This is the amount of H+ ions found in a
substance. It measures how acidic or basic
a substance is.
A. dissolved oxygen
B. nitrogen
C. pH
D. phosphates
A. These chemicals are expensive to pro-
duce. 522. Select all the aquatic features of a water-
shed.
B. Runoff carries these chemicals into
lakes and streams. A. Delta
C. Storage space for these chemicals is B. Tributary
limited. C. Aquifer
D. Theses chemicals cannot be pur- D. Floodplain
chased in large bulk.
523. Which of the following is a negative ef-
518. A geographical ridge, like a hill or moun- fect of human activity on groundwater?
tain, that separates one watershed land
area from another.

A. It supplies water to nearly half of US 527. An area of land that drains to a particular
households. lake, wetland, or stream is a
B. It is the primary source of irrigation A. bay
water for US agriculture. B. estuary
C. It can get contaminated by substances C. watershed
released on the ground. D. bog
D. All the above. E. salt marsh
NARAYAN CHANGDER
524. To help conserve water we should 528. The Chesapeake Bay is important for:
A. Turn the faucet off when brushing our
teeth.
B. Use a broom instead of a hose to wash
sidewalks.
C. Cover bare soil by planting trees,
shrubs, flowers, and other plants. A. Recreation
D. All of the above B. Animal Habitats
525. What is this natural disaster? C. Commercialism/Business
D. All of the above.
529. Which of the following watersheds is the
largest?
A. Wildfire
B. Hurricane
C. Earthquake
D. Volcano eruption A. Potomac Shenandoah Watershed
B. Chesapeake Bay States
526. The arrows point to which type of pollu-
tion? C. Chesapeake Bay Watershed
D. Shenandoah Watershed
530. Factors within an ecosystem that are liv-
ing (plants, animals) are
A. Point source pollution

B. Non Point source pollution

A. Biotic 535. What impact can human activities have

on watersheds?
B. Abiotic

A. Increase the flow of water in the wa-
C. Ecosystem tershed
D. Habitat B. Decrease the amount of pollution in
the watershed
531. What do we call the upper surface of un-
derground water? C. Cause significant damage to the
ecosystem of the watershed
A. aquifer
D. Create new habitats for aquatic life in
B. watertable the watershed
C. groundwater 536. We all live in a watershed.
D. surface water A. True
B. False
532. What is a land area that can be covered
with water at various points throughout 537. What human activities contribute to eu-
the year? trophication?
A. Estuary A. Deforestation, mining, and oil drilling
B. Floodplain B. Fishing, hunting, and trapping
C. Wetland C. Agriculture, urbanization, and industri-

alization
D. Tributary
D. Tourism, sports, and recreation
533. Steam rising from wet clothes while iron- 538. An underground layer of permeable rock
ing them. This is an example of or sediment that holds water?
A. Evaporation
A. Reservoir
B. Condensation
B. Aquifer
534. Water that flows over the ground surface C. Groundwater
rather than soaking into the ground.
D. Watershed
A. Ridgeline
539. These contaminants are discharged or
B. Runoff emitted from an identifiable source.
C. Watershed A. point source pollutants
D. Tributary B. nonpoint source pollutants

540. Why are lake sturgeon dying out? 543. The breakdown of rock as a result of Car-
bon Dioxide or Acid Rain
A. Chemical Weathering
B. Mechanical Weathering
544. Gases from the burning of fossil fuels
mixes with water in the air and then falls
is known as:
NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. sleet
A. Pollution and predators B. snow
B. the water is too cold C. acid rain
D. hail
541. The illustration provided shows a river
and four cities on that river. When the 545. Chemicals released from an Industrial
water from the river was sampled at lo- Plant directly into a river
cation X, it was determined to be polluted
with various chemicals. What would be
the most likely source for this pollution?
A. Point
B. Non-Point
A. City 1 and City 2 546. What is groundwater?
B. City 2 and City 3 A. Water that falls from the sky
C. City 3 and City 4 B. Water that is stored underground
D. City 1 and City 4 547. What is a tributary?
542. The water in the picture in the area la-

beled 2. will end up in the:
A. a small stream that flows into a larger

stream
B. a measurement of the total amount of
A. Chesapeake Bay
suspended solids in water
B. Mississippi River
C. a map of the hills and valleys in an area
C. North Carolina Sound D. a measurement of the amount of salt
D. All of the above. in water

548. Identify the Mobile-Tensaw watershed. 552. Is the Grand River a clean river?
A. Yes, scientists have examined a bucket

of the Grand River water and found that
it’s clean.
B. no, scientists have examined a bucket
of the grand river water and found that it’s
dirty
553. Which of the following explanations best
describes what a watershed is?
A. A watershed is the water that is ab-
sorbed into the earth’s surface and be-
comes ground water.
B. A watershed is the water that is evap-
A. 12
orated after any form of precipitation falls
B. 10 from the sky.
C. 3 C. A watershed is all the land that water
D. 5 flows over or through before reaching a
lake or river.
549. What do we call the transition zone be- D. none of above
tween dry land and water?
A. wetlands 554. The water in the picture in the area la-
B. watershed
C. transience
D. Borderline
550. A is an area of land where water

flows over.
A. watershed A. Chesapeake Bay
B. tributary B. Mississippi River
C. estuary C. North Carolina Sound
D. none of above D. All of the above.
551. are stream health indicators. They 555. This is the top of the saturation zone, be-
are grouped into sensitivity categories. If low which water fills all open spaces be-
your stream contains species that are sen- tween the rock
sitive to pollution, then your stream is
healthy.
A. Macroinvertebrates
B. Dissolved Oxygen
C. Nitrates/Phosphates
D. Turbidity A. Groundwater

B. Reservoir 561. Which river does the majority of water in

C. Water Table Loudoun County flow into?
D. Well A. Chesapeake
B. James
556. select ALL of the rivers that flow into Mo-
bile Bay C. Potomac
A. Tombigbee D. York
B. Blakely 562. Which letter on the image best repre-
NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. Tensaw sents a the water table?
D. Apalachee
E. Mobile
557. Which of the following helps most to re-
duce runoff?
A. A
A. Urban Development
B. B
B. Agriculture
C. C
C. Timber production
D. D
D. Vegetation
563. Which would most likely happen if too
558. An area between dry land and water that
many nutrients entered an estuary?
is regularly saturated with ground water
or surface water is called- A. Nutrients would be used up by the fish
and plants, keeping the estuary in bal-
A. Forest Buffer
ance.
B. Wetland
B. Algal blooms would lower dissolved
C. Retention Pond oxygen levels, causing fish to suffocate.
D. Stream C. Algal blooms would decrease, leaving
few food resources for fish.
559. Which part of the water cycle is occur-
ring when warm, moist air cools and be- D. Nutrients would sink to the bottom, in-
gins forming clouds? creasing soil deposition.
A. condensation 564. Liquid water that is under the Earth’s sur-
B. evaporation face, in the ground is known as
C. transpiration A. land surface
D. precipitation B. surface water
560. Wetlands are important to the Chesa- C. ground water

peake Bay Watershed because they D. none of above
A. reduce sediment pollution 565. Humans affect watersheds and wetlands
B. increase water temperature by:
C. increase nutrient pollution A. polluting
D. Increase runoff B. destroying

C. overbuilding
D. all of the above

566. Another word for feeder stream
A. mouth
A. Gulf of Mexico Watershed
B. river
B. Chesapeake Bay Watershed
C. tributary
C. North Carolina Sounds Watershed
D. tribute D. none of above
567. What is an example of Nonpoint Source 571. How would you describe the SOIL in the
Water Pollution? wetlands?
A. Runoff from city A. always very dry
B. Wastewater into a stream B. always very wet
C. Factory chemical leak C. like a sponge
D. Landfill D. none of above
568. Water that collects in cracks and pores in 572. The boundary between soil and ground-
underground soil and rock layers. water
A. Groundwater A. water table
B. Surface Water B. aquifer
C. Permeable 573. Organisms that make up the living part
D. Impermeable of an ecosystem.
A. abiotic
569. Which of the following are examples of
nonpoint source pollutants? B. biotic factors
C. ecology
D. ecosystems
574. What is Point Source Pollution (PSP)?
A. trash and dirt

B. fertilizer and pesticides
C. chemicals and sediment from con-
struction sites
A. When you cannot trace the direct
D. All the above.
source of pollution
570. Which major Virginia watershed is blue B. When you can trace the point of the
on this map? source-“pipe to source”

575. Check all the major watersheds in Michi- C. 3 Oxygen atoms

gan D. 2 Helium atoms and 1 Oxygen atom
579. What is infiltration?

A. The process by which water sinks into
the ground
B. The zone where there are still air
spaces left between the particles.
NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. The process by which water vapor
turns into liquid water and forms fog or
A. Lake Superior
clouds.
B. A hair road cancer
D. The process by which water does not
C. Lake Huron sink into the ground, but rather travels
D. Chesapeake Bay along the surface.
E. Lake Erie 580. When fertilizers get washed into the bay,
extra can lead to algae blooms.
576. Which statement below best describes
the image A. vitamins
B. minerals
C. carbon dioxide
D. nutrients
581. True or False:Erosion is good for the soil.

A. Surface water can be polluted by A. True (Builds more soil)
runoff.
B. False (Causes good soil to be washed
B. Groundwater can be polluted by leak- away)
ing storage tanks.
582. Most of the water on Earth is found in
C. A broken well that leads to pollution of
groundwater.
A. Glaciers
D. The underground water cycle relies on
transpiration. B. Lakes
C. Rivers
577. A single identifiable and localized source
of water. D. Oceans
A. point source 583. What does this picture show?
B. non-point source
C. pollutant
D. aquifer
578. What is a water molecule composed of?

A. 1 Hydrogen atom and 2 Oxygen atoms
B. 2 Hydrogen atoms and 1 Oxygen atom

A. Precipitation 586. Who lives in a watershed?

B. Runoff A. People

C. Watershed B. Animals
D. none of above C. Plants
D. All of the above
584. A large natural or artificial lake used as
a source of water supply. 587. What would happen if the Sun is removed
from the water cycle?
A. The water cycle would not include pre-
cipitation but would continue with ground-
water flow.
B. The water cycle would no longer occur
because the Sun provides the energy for
evaporation and transpiration.
A. Reservoir C. The water cycle would no longer occur
because the Sun provides energy for the
B. Stream formation of clouds.
C. Wetland D. The water cycle would not include
D. Watershed evaporation and transpiration but would
continue with condensation.
585. A student’s model of an area near a
city depicts many activities that affect the 588. When bleach and other cleaners are
quality of the water in the area. How does poured down the drain and make their way
the agricultural activity most likely affect into the water supply, which type of pol-
the surface water of the area? lution as occurred?
A. thermal pollution
B. biological pollution
C. thermal pollution
D. chemical pollution
589. What do you call the land that water

A. Crops absorb pure water from soil, flows across, under, and through on its
causing the remaining water to contain way to a body of water?
more salt.
A. Tributary
B. Crops reduce erosion, increasing the
amount of soil entering the river. B. River system
C. Headwaters
C. Excess crop fertilizer is carried by
runoff into the river, causing excess D. Watershed
growth of water plants.
590. All of these are biotic factors except
D. Excess crop material accumulates on
the riverbanks, slowing the movement of A. Raccoon
the river water B. Deer

C. Rocks 595. How can you help protect watersheds

D. Frogs (select ALL correct answers!)
A. clean up after your pet
591. These are the three main jobs of wet-
lands. B. stop littering
C. reduce amount of fertilizers and pesti-
cides
NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. nothing
A. provide habitats, store flood waters, 596. True or False:The Chesapeake Bay water-
purify water shed is only in the state of Virginia?
B. provide habitats, store plant life, purify A. True (Only VA)
water B. False (6 States)
C. purify water, store wildlife, provide
habitats 597. A measuring tool used to measure turbid-
D. purify the land, store flood waters, pro- ity.
vide habitats
592. Which of the following would have a pos-
itive impact on a watershed?
A. Bill decides to restore a wetland to
help filter and clean rainwater before en-
tering a watershed.
B. A local car repair shop pours oil down
the storm drain. A. pH testing kit
C. Cattle waste from a ranch runs into a B. Macroinvertebrates
local creek during a heavy rainstorm.
C. Dry discs
D. Grass clippings get poured down the
street drain D. water voltage meter
593. Number 1 stands for 598. What is this natural disaster?
A. Cheseapeake Bay Watershed
B. Gulf of Mexico Watershed
C. North Carolina Sounds watershed
D. Roanoke watershed
594. Rain washing away soil from a hillside is
an example of what?
A. Hurricane
A. Weathering
B. Erosion B. Landslide
C. Deposition C. Avalanche
D. none of above D. Thunderstorm


A. Something you use to go sledding on.

B. It is a place to put gardening tools.
C. It is land that sheds water.
D. It is a building.
600. What process causes liquid water to

evaporate from plant leaves and enter the
atmosphere as water vapor?
A. sedimentation
B. eutrophication
603. Runoff has DECREASED due to more

roads, houses, and buildings being con-
structed
A. True
B. False
A. evaporation 604. High turbidity means
B. infiltration A. very clear water
C. precipitation B. neutral pH
D. transpiration C. very murky or cloudy water
E. condensation D. high nitrates
605. A paper company wants to build a paper

601. What is the name of river number 4? mill in the watershed where a village ex-
ists. In order to minimize potential pollu-
tion to the village, which of the following
locations is the best to build the mill?
A. At the highest point in the watershed
B. Downstream from the village
C. Closest to a freshwater stream or
A. James River river
B. York River D. Nearest to the main street of the vil-
lage
C. Potomac River
606. acts as nature’s water filter by ab-
D. Rappahannock River sorbing pollutants.
602. The rapid increase in nutrients into an en- A. Wetlands

vironment such as this is caused by B. Estuary

C. Watershed 612. Is water a biotic or abiotic factor?

D. Runoff
607. What impact can a dam have on a water-

shed?
A. It increases the water flow down-
stream and can cause more erosion.
NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. It creates a new lake ecosystem, but A. biotic
lowers the water flow downstream.
B. abiotic
C. It doesn’t impact the watershed.
613. A watershed works as a to channel
D. It increases the land drainage area.
water into a waterway.
608. Which of the following is the strongest A. valley
acid?
B. pathway
A. 1
C. stream
B. 5
D. funnel
C. 3
614. A stream feeding into a larger stream,
D. 8 lake, etc is known as a
609. The boundaries of a watershed are deter- A. Watershed
mined by B. Landform
A. elevation C. Tributary
B. soil type D. Ridge
C. the amount of water that flows
615. In the diagram, letter A best represents:
D. the kind of organisms in the area
610. An area of land that drains into one body

of water is called-
A. a watershed
B. a wetland
C. a forest buffer
D. an estuary
611. 3 states of water found on earth A. Runoff
A. solid, liquid and gas B. Watershed
B. oceans, lakes & streams C. Water Table

D. Confining Layer
C. evaporation, transpiration
D. rain, sleet and hail 616. Choose the correct option

621. True or False:Harrisburg is in the Susque-

hanna River Watershed

A. True
B. False
622. The boundary around a watershed is

called the
A. A hair road cancer
B. Lake Superior A. watershed.
C. Lake Huron B. divide.

D. Lake Erie C. sub-watershed.
617. Which state does not drain water to the D. transpiration.

Chesapeake Bay
623. Where is the largest and one of the
A. New York most productive estuaries in the contigu-
B. Pennsylvania ous United States?
C. Delaware A. North Carolina Sounds
D. New Jersey
B. Gulf of Mexico
618. Is a weather an abiotic or biotic factor? C. San Francisco Bay
A. abiotic
D. Chesapeake Bay
B. biotic
624. Lake Sturgeon mostly eat
619. Which is NOT a hydrologic function of our
watershed?
A. water storage
A. worms
B. Commercial development
B. sand
C. water release
D. water capture 625. This is the area along the stream that
prevents erosion of the bank by growing
620. What controls whether water is a gas, grasses and or trees.
liquid, or solid ice?
A. buffered water
A. the shape or size of the cup
B. where it has been stored B. swimming zone
C. if it is being used for irrigation C. fishing zone
D. what its temperature is D. buffer zone

626. What is a watershed? 630. Mary dumps her unused medicines in the
toilet, which causes chemicals to enter the
A. The Movement of water in clouds &
watershed.
around the world
A. Negative Impact
B. The area under the ground where wa-
ter is stored in rocks & soil B. Positive Impact
C. The land area that drains into a body 631. What is an area of higher elevation that
of water? separates watersheds?
NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. Water in the form of rain, mist, sleet,
hail or snow
627. Surface runoff in a watershed that emp-

ties into the Miss River has become pol-
luted by sewage & fertilizers. What other
environments could also become polluted?
A. Aquatic environments downstream of A. Estuary
the watershed
B. Divide
B. Land environments along the bank of
the river C. Wetland
D. Transition zones
C. Environments upstream
D. Aquatic environments downstream & 632. Which state is not part of the Chesapeake
land environments along the river Bay Watershed?
A. Maryland
B. Virginia
A. a shed that holds water
C. New York
B. all of the land that drains into a body
of water D. Kansas
C. a river that flows into an ocean 633. The draining away of water (or sub-
D. the new river stances carried in it) from the surface of
an area of land. (think non-point source
629. This bird uses his tallons to catch fish in pollution)
our Grand River watershed
A. Surface water
B. Reservoir
A. Osprey C. Tributary
B. parrot D. Runoff

634. All bodies of fresh water, salt water, ice, A. nonpoint source
and snow that are found above ground B. point source

639. Can be traced back to the point of origin.
640. Cannot easily be traced to the source of

the pollution.
A. Groundwater A. Point Source Pollution
B. Surface water B. Non-point source pollution
C. Runoff
D. Swimming pool
635. A collection of watersheds all discharging A. divides
into the same major body of water is re-
B. canyons
ferred to as
A. Drainage basin C. plates
B. Wetland D. tributaries
C. River system 642. What causes waves?
D. Watershed A. ice and wind
636. All of these are abiotic factors except B. winds and currents
A. Deer C. currents and tides
B. Rocks D. wind and tide changes
C. Soil
643. Define tributaries
D. Air
A. small rivers or streams that flow into
637. The is the driving force of the earth’s a large river or stream
surface. B. a natural stream of water of consider-
A. sun able volume
B. moon C. precipitation that flows over the land
C. stars to streams
D. none of above D. a continuous ridge that separates a

watershed
638. This is an example of pollution.
644. Why is it important to know watershed
and rainfall data?
A. So scientists can make many graphs.
B. So scientists can make predictions
about how much water will be in a water-
shed.

C. So people know when to use umbrel-

las.
D. So people can make predictions about
how new rivers will form.
645. An area on both sides of a river that can

become covered with water when it rains
a lot is called A. Grand River watershed
NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. a floodgate B. Illinois watershed
B. a floodplain
651. The thin blue lines on the diagram that
C. a watershed lead to the Chesapeake Bay represent
D. a watergate
646. What does pH measure?

A. temperature
B. air pressure
C. How acidic or alkaline a substance is A. Tributaries
B. Divides
D. speed
C. Estuaries
647. The is the end of a river. D. Floodplains
A. source
652. Is the presence of leeches a healthy or
B. mouth unhealthy water quality indicator?
648. An area where animals and plants have A. healthy

stopped thriving is known as a B. unhealthy
A. desert 653. Why is gravity a factor in watersheds?
B. dead zone A. It causes water to transpire
C. tundra B. It causes water to evaporate
D. taiga C. It causes water to flow away from the
watershed
649. Sunken land surface due to underlying
D. It causes water to flow down towards
compression of earth material as a result
a watershed
of the removal of groundwater.
A. Permeable 654. Where freshwater rivers meet the salty
sea
B. Subsidence
A. Wetland
C. Drainage Divide
B. Estuary
D. Weathering
C. Tributary
650. What watershed are we in? D. River

655. The cloudiness or haziness of the water B. decreases

caused by large numbers of very small par- C. does not change
ticles is called

D. none of above
A. eutrophication
B. sedimentation 659. What does CAP stand for?
C. turbidity A. Control Access Point
D. salinity B. Central Arizona Project
656. In a watershed, water moves from C. Colorado Access Program

to D. none of above
660. temperature, water, rocks, soil, geology,

weather are all factors in an ecosys-
tem.
A. abiotic
B. biotic
C. estuary
A. East, West D. wetlands
B. low elevation, high elevation
661. We can prevent water pollution by:
C. North, South
D. high elevation, low elevation
657. What are the abiotic factors in this im-

age?
A. Reduce the use of plastic.

B. Properly dispose of chemicals.
A. water, sunlight, dirt, air C. Clean up after your animals.
B. birds and plants D. All of the above
C. water, plants, and birds
662. The amount of water that becomes runoff
D. none of above
is affected by
658. Rivers and streams carry and deposit A. the slope of the land
sediment. As water flow decreases in
B. how much vegetation is growing
speed, the size of the sediment it carries
C. the amount of precipitation that falls
A. increases D. all of these

663. Which major Virginia watershed is #2? A. Helium and oxygen

B. Hydrogen and oxygen
C. helium and carbon
D. oxygen and carbon
668. Pick TWO. Building a rain garden can
NARAYAN CHANGDER
help our watersheds by:(from first video
A. Gulf of Mexico (Mississippi River) Wa- in notes)
tershed
B. North Carolina Sound Watershed
D. none of above
664. A layer of permeable rock that allows
water to flow through.
A. ground water A. Cleaning water of pollutants.
B. aquifer
B. Slowing the water down before it gets
C. subsidence to streams/storm drains.
D. point source
C. Preventing trash from getting to the
665. Which of these is not an impact to the river.
ecosystem after a hurricane?
D. Giving animals a place to live.
A. Fires throughout the area
B. Poor water quality in the area 669. How does the watershed act like a fun-
C. Erosion of beaches nel?
D. Massive flooding A. The watershed collects and distributes
666. Which of the following is NOT a biotic fac- water and moves it into a waterway like a
tor? lake or river.
A. Coyote B. The watershed spreads out water and

B. air channels it into ground water.
C. elephant C. The watershed collects water through

D. none of above evaporation.
667. What two elements make up water? D. none of above
670. How did the American Indians use lake

sturgeon?
A. For decoration
B. For food

671. A typical plant found in the Santa Ana 675. What is the upper boundary of the zone
River is called Arundo which looks like of saturation?
bamboo. Is this species native or inva-

A. Alluvial plain
sive?
B. Evaporation
C. Nitrates
D. Water Table
676. Sunken land surface due to underlying

compression of earth material as a result
of the removal of groundwater is-
A. Invasive
B. Native
A. subsidence
B. point source water pollution
C. groundwater
D. Dotties water bowl
A. Landslide
677. Henrico county is part of which of Vir-
B. wildfire
ginia’s MAJOR watershed systems?
C. hurricane
D. Avalanche
673. Headwaters are the

A. stream or tributary that forms the
source of the watershed
B. rough rapids on the transition zone of A. Chesapeake Bay
the watershed B. North Carolina Sound
674. Water that flows through a WATERSHED C. Gulf of Mexico
comes from: D. None of these
A. Streams, creeks, rivers
678. Which of the following is a disadvantage
B. Surface runoff (water across the land of dams and reservoirs?
surface)
A. man made lakes used for drinking wa-
C. Groundwater (under the surface) ter, recreation and industry
D. All three interact with each other B. hydroelectric power

C. existing ecosystems changed, displac-

ing species and humans
D. flood control
679. Wastes produced by agriculture, house-

holds, industry, mining, and other human
activities can end up in A. Watershed
B. Topographic map
NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. groundwater
B. streams and rivers C. Erosion
D. Landform
C. oceans
D. All of these choices 683. Which best determines the health of a
lake used as a source of fresh drinking wa-
ter?
680. Evaporation occurs when water
A. its depth and width
B. its temperature and dissolved oxygen
C. its location and depth
D. its temperature and depth
684. All bodies of freshwater, saltwater, ice,

and snow that are found above ground are
known as
A. groundwater
B. surface water
A. is cooled and changes from a liquid to C. glaciers
a gas
D. precipitation
B. is cooled and changes from a gas to a
liquid 685. What separates watersheds?
C. is heated and changes from a liquid to A. Mountains
a gas B. Divides
D. is heated and changes from a gas to a C. Lakes
liquid D. Fences
681. Water drops seen in the cling foil which 686. Which of the following is NOT an exam-
is covered on hot food. This is an example ple of a Natural Resource
of
A. Evaporation
B. Condensation
682. A natural feature of the earth’s surface.

(Plateaus, Plains, Mountains)

A. Forest 692. Acid deposition is acid rain droplets and

B. Animals solid particles with up to 1000 times the
acidity of normal rain.

C. Plastic
A. True
D. Minerals
B. False
687. This is the amount of oxygen absorbed
by the water. 693. Rain, sleet, snow, and hail are examples
of
A. Dissolved Oxygen
A. runoff
B. Carbon Dioxide
B. evaporation
C. Nitrogen
C. precipitation
D. Phosphorus
D. condensation
688. Give an example of a major divide in the
USA 694. Which of the following is a non point
A. Small hills source pollution?
B. Mountains A. Fertilizer run off from farms
C. Mainland Divide B. Dumping trash in a pond

D. Eastern Continental Divide C. Urinating in a river
D. Throwing cans in a lake
689. What is a flood plain?
A. an area near a river that is safe from 695. Tributaries are made up of and
flooding when there is significant rain A. rivers and streams
B. an area near a river that floods with B. lakes and streams
significant rain
C. rivers and lakes
690. An underground layer of sediment or rock
D. bays and rivers
that holds water is known as
A. Reservoir 696. Which number best represents a tribu-
tary?
B. Aquifer
C. Ground water
D. Watershed
691. What is the largest watershed in the

United States (also 3rd largest in the
world)?
A. Mobile Bay
B. Mississippi A. 1
C. Gulf South Atlantic B. 2
D. Alaska C. 3
E. Great Lakes D. 4

697. Keeton leaves his empty drink cup on the A. Point

playground. It blows into a nearby ditch.
B. Non-Point
A. Positive Impact
B. Negative Impact 703. The image shows four different wells.
Which well would dry up first if there was
698. What are water’s unique properties? a drought?
A. It is what humans drink.
B. It is everywhere.
NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. It is clear.
D. It can be all 3 states of matter.
699. Essential chemical elements needed for
growth of healthy plants.
A. humus A. A
B. nutrients B. B
C. clay C. C
D. silt
D. D
700. If dirt from the construction area around
RRMS gets washed into the storm drain 704. Water stored in cracks and pores below
during a rain storm, this would be called the Earth’s surface is called
A. groundwater
B. runoff
B. toxic pollution
C. precipitation
C. nutrient pollution
D. sediment pollution D. surface water
701. Which watershed is the largest in the 705. Why does it take so long to see if the
United States? lake sturgeon population is rising?
A. Mississippi River Watershed A. no one is looking
B. Potomac River Watershed B. Sturgeon don’t have babies until
C. Shenandoah River Watershed they’re 20-30 years old
D. James River Watershed
706. Humans can cause different types of pol-
702. An abandoned mine leaking minerals into lution. When fertilizers and pesticides
groundwater make their way into water systems, which
type of pollution has taken place?
A. air
B. thermal
C. chemical
D. biological

707. Which is NOT an example of Surface Wa-

ter?

A. ponds
B. lakes
C. aquifer
D. rivers/streams
A. Watershed
708. Give an example of a sub-watershed. B. Tributary
A. A tiny water shed off to the side C. Estuary
B. A pond in between the source of the D. Divide
watershed and the floodplains
713. Sand is , meaning that water can pass
C. The streams flowing into the Missis- through easily.
sippi River A. Permeable
D. A source pond flowing into a tributary B. Impermeable
that eventually flows into the river
C. Solid
709. The largest watershed in Virginia is the D. Soft
714. Which type of wetland would be best de-

A. Chesapeake Bay scribed as “usually characterized by the
B. North Carolina Sound growth of woody plants such as cypress
and tupelo trees. “
C. Gulf of Mexico
D. Chowan
710. Watershed is important to all living

things because
A. provides shelter for humans
B. keeps organisms safe from pollutants
C. provides us was surface and ground A. bogs
water B. fens
D. gives us access to minerals C. swamp
D. marsh
711. Eutrophication can lead to a
A. clear body of water 715. An area of permeable layer of rock or soil
that holds a large amount of water in the
B. healthy habitat saturated zone is called what?
C. dead zone A. Aquifer
D. none of above B. Spring
712. A small river or creek that feeds into a C. Well

larger river. D. Reservoir

716. Which sub-watershed are we located in? 721. Is a rain an abiotic or biotic factor?
A. Big Sandy
B. Shenandoah-Potomac
C. Yadkin
D. Newport News
717. Why is it important to know the soil type
NARAYAN CHANGDER
and type of vegetation within a water- A. abiotic
shed?
B. biotic
A. Because it is what it is
722. What is the name of a point where the
B. Just cause it is important river starts?
C. To determine the type and distribution A. Mouth
of available nutrients in the soil of the
B. Source
area
C. Point A
D. Soil type impacts whether water will
runoff or infiltrate D. Delta
723. The measure of all the salts dissolved in

718. what defines the boundary of a water-
water.
shed?
A. river, lake, or stream boundaries
B. highest elevation surrounding the
body of water
C. City/county lines
D. State lines
A. Dissolved Oxygen
719. An individual living thing is a/an B. Salinity
A. habitat C. Turbidity
B. ecosystem D. pH
C. organism 724. How many local watersheds are there in

Virginia?
D. population
A. 14
720. Which of these is not an example of pre- B. 13
cipitation?
C. 3
A. rain D. 5
B. clouds
725. The flow of water from rain, snow melt,
C. sleet or other sources over land.
D. snow A. runoff

B. drainage 729. Which of the following is not a biotic fac-

C. watersheds tor?

A. mushroom
D. aquifer
B. air
726. Water that is found underground in the
C. elephant
cracks and spaces in soil, sand and rock is
called: D. coyote
730. Wild rice is a species that is endangered

in our watershed because of predators and
environmental conditions.
A. Groundwater
B. River
C. Surface water
D. Snow
727. Weathering is the physical and chemical

A. true
breakdown of rocks into smaller particles,
minerals, and souble nutrients. B. false
A. True 731. While expensive and inefficient now, the
B. False removal of salt from ocean water may help
create more potable water in the future
728. What occurs when used engine oil is A. water transport
poured into the pit in the ground?
B. towing icebergs
C. desalination plants
D. xeriscaping
732. Which is a biotic factor?

A. weather
B. geology
C. soil
A. The oil remains sealed in the small dis-
posal pit and does not affect the ground- D. dead tree
water.
733. A watershed:(from first video in notes)
B. The oil seeps through the soil until it
leaks into the groundwater
C. The oil seeps through the soil but stops
before it reaches the groundwater
D. The oil creates a barrier in Mrs. Dyess’
room

A. Collects water. 738. A pipe draining sewage into a river.

B. Helps to clean the water.
C. Provides habitats for nature and peo-
ple.
734. What happens to a rock when it weath-

ers?
NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. It settles out of water that is carrying A. Watershed
it. B. Runoff
B. It creates a valley. C. Non-Point Source Pollution
C. It forms a delta. D. Point Source Pollution
D. It breaks into small pieces.
739. Which major watershed do we live in?
735. Which of the following is NOT a chemical A. Florida
test for stream water quality?
A. pH
C. New Mexico
B. Dissolved oxygen
D. Chesapeake Bay
C. Macroinvertebrates
D. Nitrogen/Phosphate 740. Water in lakes and rivers that does not
contain salt-
736. Which major watershed is South Boston A. recycled water
in?
B. new water
C. salt water
D. fresh water
741. The watershed systems in Virginia lead

to main bodies of water.
A. one
A. Chesapeake Bay Watershed
B. four
B. Southern Rivers Watershed
C. three
C. Mississippi River Watershed
D. fourteen
D. Rivanna River Watershed
742. Abiotic means:
737. These organisms eat on dead aquatic
plants and animals and can use up all the
oxygen in the water (eutrophication).
A. bacteria
B. fishes
C. sea urchins
D. humans A. Living

B. Dead 746. What three bodies of water do Virginia’s

watersheds lead to
C. Non-living

D. Water

A. a river or stream flowing into a larger
river or lake
B. an area of land that drains all the
A. Chesapeake Bay
streams and rainfall to a common outlet
such as the outflow of a reservoir, mouth B. Gulf of Mexico
of a bay, or any point along a stream chan- C. North Carolina Sounds
nel
D. Atlantic Ocean
C. wetlands that form as rivers empty
their water and sediment into another 747. An area of land that drains to a particular
body of water river, lake, bay, or other body of water.
A. Tributary
D. a body of rock and/or sediment that
holds groundwater B. Wetland
C. Divide
744. A student drew the model below to rep-
resent a part of a watershed and some hu- D. Watershed
man activities that affect the watershed. 748. A medium sized soil particle that feels
How do the industrial, agricultural, and sticky.
residential activities of humans most likely
A. silt
affect the groundwater in the area
B. clay
C. sediment
D. none of above
749. What type of ecology would you find
along the Santa Ana River here in River-
A. The activities prevent most of the wa- side?
ter from evaporating into the atmosphere.
B. Pollutants from the activities percolate
through the soil and enter the water table.
C. The activities replace the groundwater
used.
D. All of the above
745. Is the following factor Biotic or Abiotic? A. Forest-Coniferous trees

Tree B. Scrub oak, Chaparral
A. Biotic C. Coastal scrub
B. Abiotic D. Desert

750. The Santa Ana River is the largest water- A. Estuary

shed in Southern Ca
B. Floodplain
A. True
B. False C. Wetland
751. Aquifer-a permeable rock layer than can D. Tributary

hold or transport water
A. True 756. Select all biotic factors.
NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. False A. plants
752. You are always in a watershed. B. trees

A. True C. algae
B. False
D. animals
753. Describes the chemical, physical and bio-
logical attributes of water as it is fit for E. sunlight
drinking, fishing, swimming, farming, etc
757. This is a picture of
A. Water Quality
B. Water Sheds
C. Dissolved oxygen
D. nitrates
754. The Sun is the source of all energy within
an ecosystem. Plants depend on light from
the sun in order to perform the process of A. Resort Life
photosynthesis. Sunlight is an example of
what type of factor? B. Groundwater
C. Surface water
D. Fishing Paradise
758. Water always flows:

A. north to south
A. Biotic
B. uphill to downhill
B. Abiotic
755. What is a channel of water that flows 759. Which number shows the North Carolina
into a larger one? Sounds Watershed?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

760. Which is a biotic factor? 764. Water stored in cracks and pores below
the Earth’s surface is called:

A. Groundwater
B. Bogs
C. Water in the ground
D. surface water
A. sunlight
765. Process used in water treatment process
B. air where water is pushed through screens,
C. bacteria sand, gravel and coal to remove organisms
D. all of the above and trash
A. filtration
761. Which of these towns is in the James
River watershed? B. chlorination
C. coagulation
D. bioreactors
766. Which will most likely form during the

condensation process?
A. rain
B. hail
C. clouds
A. Amherst D. runoff
B. Madison
767. How would you describe a divide?
C. King William
D. Littleton A. a large expanse of trees
B. a river crossing a valley within a water-
762. Increased sedimentation can cause what
shed
negative environmental impacts?
C. Highest point of an area that sepa-
A. Decreases water clarity
rates two watersheds
B. Increases phosphorus levels
D. Mountain range
C. increases habitat
D. Makes eggs hatch faster 768. Why is it important to take care of the
water in a watershed?
763. What is water
A. So you can have somewhere to swim.
A. dfsdfg
B. sdfdasf B. So we have clean water to drink.
C. sdfdasf C. So the shed doesn’t flood.
D. asdfdsf D. So the water doesn’t freeze.

769. Water travels to the lowest point be- 773. The four major rivers of Virginia are
cause of a powerful force called A. The Susquehanna, Potomac, York and
A. gravity James
B. love B. The Potomac, Rappahannock, York and
James
C. Spidey Sense
C. The Potomac, Anacostia, York and
D. Riparian James
NARAYAN CHANGDER
770. Water tanks or towers are where water D. The Potomac, Anacostia, Susquehanna
is stored for the community. Why are they and York
elevated?
774. Which regional watershed do we live in?
A. Roanoke
A. No other place to put them B. Big Sandy
B. Gravity helps with water pressure C. Potomac
771. Why is gravity a factor in watersheds? D. Rappahannock
A. it causes the water to flow away from 775. Portions of what states does the Mobile
a watershed Bay watershed drain?
B. it causes the water to flow down to- A. Alabama & Georgia
wards a watershed B. Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee
772. The orange line on this diagram best rep- C. Alabama, Mississippi, and Tennessee
resents D. Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, and
Tennessee
776. What is groundwater?
A. tributaries
B. a watershed boundary
C. an estuary A. Water that moves underground
D. runoff B. Water that runs downhill

777. Most of the water on Earth can be de- 782. What type of pollution is overfertilizing
scribed as your lawn?

A. freshwater A. point
B. ice B. nonpoint
C. salt (marine) water
783. A student sets up the investigation
D. groundwater shown below. The movement of colored
water through the gravel best models-
778. select all pervious surfaces
A. Asphalt parking lot
B. Concrete driveway
C. Grassy hill
D. Dirt road
E. Gravel road
779. In the map below, which letter is the loca- A. condensation of water vapor
tion of the largest estuary in the contigu- B. conservation of water
ous United States? C. surface runoff of precipitation
A. A D. pollution of groundwater
B. B
784. select all impervious surfaces (select ALL
C. C
choices)
D. D
A. Asphalt parking lot
780. What is number 10 known as? B. Concrete driveway
C. Grassy hill
D. Dirt road
E. Rooftops

A. Divides
B. Ridge ways
A. River Mouth
C. Deposits
B. Wetlands
D. Erosion Plates
C. Flood plain
D. Tributaries 786. On your poster you should
A. limit text, and balance a combination
781. The living part of an ecosystem.
of illustrations and words.
A. Biotic
B. be as neat as you can and be sure to
B. Watershed erase any penciled sketches or guidelines.
C. North C. blend colors when using crayons or
D. Abiotic colored pencils.

D. research the theme topic as a way to A. rill

brainstorm poster ideas
B. gully
E. use staples, tacks, or tape
C. stream channel
787. True or False:Growing population in the
Chesapeake Bay region has led to an in- D. watershed
crease in the bay’s health.
791. The movement of rock by wind, water or
A. True animals
NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. False
A. Erosion
788. When excess nutrients, such as nitrogen
B. Deposition
and phosphates cause algae to grow too
much in water, this is called C. Weathering
A. the nitrogen cycle D. Abrasion
B. photosynthesis
792. True or False:Wetlands help to reduce ero-
C. respiration
sion by speeding up run-off.
D. eutrophication
A. True
789. What do you call land where water
runoff and ground water drain into a large B. False
body of water?
793. Area of land where surface water and
groundwater drains into a river system.
A. Runoff
B. Watershed
C. condensation
D. none of above

runoff and channels it into a main river. A. Runoff
B. Tributary
C. Wetland
D. Watershed
794. Not cleaning up pet waste while out for

a walk

B. False
799. What is the flat area of land that has sed-

iment deposited when water overflows
from rivers?
A. Estuary
B. Floodplain
C. Wetland
A. Point D. Tributary
B. Non-Point 800. The water in the picture in the area la-
795. What does DO stand for?
A. Dissolved Ions
B. Dissolved Oxygen
C. Double Oxygen
D. none of above
796. What is one of the most important things

A. Chesapeake Bay
that determines a watershed?
A. Vegetation types
C. North Carolina Sound
B. The amount of land
C. Topography of land
D. Soil types 801. Factors within and ecosystem that are
NOT living (rocks, water, air) are
797. Pollutants that are carried far from their
source are known as point source pollu-
tants
A. True
B. False
798. Sea lamprey are an example of an in-

vasive species in our watershed (non-
native/not born here but came from an- A. Biotic
other place). B. Watershed
C. Abiotic
D. Erosion
802. What is a tsunami?
A. a wave direction
B. a type of current
C. a sand particle
A. true D. a giant sea wave

803. What do you call an area of higher ground 807. Which of the following are indicators of
that separates watersheds? healthy water systems?
A. River A. high nitrates, high pH, and low temper-
B. Divide atures
C. Tributary B. low temperatures, high dissolved oxy-

gen, and neutral pH
D. Flood Plain
808. Animal wastes contain bacteria that
NARAYAN CHANGDER
804. Lake sturgeon are an species. make organisms sick. These wastes are
often washed in water supplies by storms.
How might a pet owner prevent these bac-
teria from polluting water supplies?
A. Brush the pet daily to remove bacteria
B. Feed pets food that produces less
waste
C. Bag the pet waste and throw it the
trash
D. Wash the pet with shampoo to kill the
bacteria
809. Water that stands or flows across the
A. Endangered (threatened) Earth’s surface is known as
B. extinct (non-existent) A. Runoff
B. Surface water
805. Sand and soft soil are , meaning that
water can pass through easily. C. Ground water
A. Permeable D. Divide
B. Impermeable 810. Mobile Bay watershed is the largest

watershed in North Americaby the amount
806. Water that moves over the surface of of water that it drains.
land, picking up pollution, is called:
A. 1st
B. And
C. an offer
D. ch
E. 5th
811. Measures how acidic or basic the water
is.
A. Runoff A. pH probe
B. Storm drain B. Dissolved Oxygen Probe
C. Surface water C. Temperature Probe
D. Tributary D. none of above

812. which is a category of water pollution? 818. What describes an area where freshwa-
ter and saltwater mix?
A. sediment

B. medical A. Lake
C. food B. Tributary
D. dihydrogen monoxide C. Estuary

D. Sound
813. How does water flow in a watershed?
A. A hose 819. What is the best definition of aquifer?
B. the equator A. empty space
C. rain B. a space below the water table
D. Gravity C. a measure of how well a material ab-
sorbs water
814. A lake that stores water for human use
is called a D. an underground layer of permeable
(that is, water-bearing) rock
A. dam
B. oxbow lake 820. When water flows across the surface of
the earth it is called?
C. reservoir
A. Watershed
D. crater lake
B. Run Off
815. Runoff has decreased due to more roads,
houses, and buildings being constructed. C. Rain
A. True D. none of above
B. False 821. What is the best way to CONSERVE wa-

ter use in an agricultural setting
816. A(n) is a substance with a pH greater
than 7. A. low flow toilets
A. Base B. reuse cooling water
B. Acid C. drip irrigation
C. Buffer D. high power overhead irrigation
D. Water
822. What is the type of water that moves un-
817. Which best explains why runoff is impor- derground?
tant? A. surface water
A. It returns water to other locations on B. water table
Earth
C. groundwater
B. It increases the chance of flooding
D. watershed
C. It makes evaporation occur faster
D. It increases condensation 823. What is A?

827. Identify the Alabama watershed.
A. Evaporation
NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. Condensation
C. Precipitation
D. Runoff
824. What is the process that occurs when the A. 9

environment becomes enriched with nutri- B. 2
ents, increasing plant and algae growth? C. 4
A. Sedimentation D. 6
B. Decomposition 828. What causes flooding in a developed wa-
C. Eutrophication tersheds?
D. Nitrification A. pervious surfaces
B. impervious surfaces
825. Which number best represents a flood-
plain? 829. What separates one watershed from an-
other?
A. streams and creeks
B. mountain ridges (divides)
C. cities and towns
D. counties
830. Which is NOT an example of CHEMICAL
POLLUTION?
A. 1 A. Fertilizers
B. 2 B. bacteria
C. 3 C. pesticides
D. 4 D. herbicides
826. How is a watershed defined?
lated to-
A. by inhabiting biotic factors A. tributary
B. Gravity, enables rivers to flow B. the location
C. by the length of the rivers within C. water quality
D. Topography, highest point D. none of above

832. What factors effect the rate of evapora-

tion? (Select TWO)

A. cloud cover
B. humidity
C. wind speed
D. temperature
833. Acid rain, the chemicals from the paint

A. Ground water flow
factory, and radioactive waste in water
are all examples of: B. hills and mountains
A. Toxic pollution C. farmland
B. Nutrient pollution D. none of above
C. Chemical pollution 837. Healthy (potable) pH of a fresh water

source is around
D. none of above
834. Why is it important for residents in local

neighborhoods to dispose of chemicals and
pollutants in an appropriate way instead
of dumping them in their yards or wash-
ing them down the driveway?
A. chemicals and pollutants result in cool A. 2.0
adaptations in local organisms B. 3.4
B. chemicals and pollutants might find C. 7.0
their way into local water bodies such as
D. 9.0
rivers, lakes and aquifers
C. chemicals and pollutants cause more 838. What is another word for watershed.
plant growth to occur throughout the year A. drainage basin
D. It’s not important because chemicals B. lake
and pollutants don’t affect local organ- C. stream
isms in Texas
D. divide
835. Which of these will decrease runoff and 839. Washing your car in your driveway
erosion
A. Planting trees
B. Littering
C. Removing trees
D. Agriculture (farming)
836. Study the watershed model. Which land-

form affected the movement of water the A. Point
most? B. Non-Point

840. Most water pollution is the result of 845. Which water quality indicator will be
A. natural processes most impacted by burning fossil fuels and
air pollution?
B. animal waste
A. nitrates
C. human activities
D. acid rain B. pH (water will be more acidic)
C. Dissolved oxygen
841. Where are you most likely to find a wa-
NARAYAN CHANGDER
tershed? D. turbidity
A. In a lake
846. What are the two largest watersheds in
B. At the top of a mountain Canada?
C. at the bottom of a valley
D. everywhere
842. Where does water that lands on the

green part of the map end up?
A. Arctic Ocean Watershed

B. Hudson Bay Watershed
C. Atlantic Ocean Watershed
A. Lake Superior D. Gulf of Mexico Watershed
B. Lake Erie
C. Lake Huron 847. The image here is how humans control
rivers for the last few hundred years. This
D. Lake Ontario is
843. Which of the following is not an abiotic
factor?
A. sun
B. temperature
C. soil
D. grass
844. Abiotic means:

A. diverting water thru canels
A. Living
B. Animals B. create an aqueduct
C. Non-living C. damming a river

D. Water D. desalination plant

848. What is the energy source that drives the 852. True or False:Wetlands perform many im-
water cycle? portant water quality functions such as
recharging groundwater.

A. True
B. False
853. when more precipitation flows across
the landscape than soaks into the ground,
causing flooding, you are in a(n)
A. Developed watershed
B. Undeveloped watershed
A. The moon T 854. What is a tributary?
B. The heat from our home in the winter A. a small stream that flows into a larger
all around the world stream
C. The sun B. all the lakes in an area
D. he heat generated solely from the core C. a map of the hills and valleys in the
of the earth area
D. a measurement of the amount of salt
849. Watersheds are large, or small:Large in water
basins are made up of many smaller
855. Waste from animals can contaminate wa-
A. basins ter.
B. landforms A. True
C. oceans B. False
D. rivers 856. Which river DOES NOT flow into the
Chesapeake Bay
850. Which of there is an example of non-point
source pollution? A. Susquehanna River
B. Connecticut River
A. Runoff, excess fertilizer, herbicides
C. Patuxent River
B. pipe gushing colored water
D. Potomac River
C. popeyes sandwich wrapper
851. enters watersheds when there is ero-

sion caused by land development or agri-
culture.
A. Plant growth
A. Flood
B. Invasive species B. Earthquake
C. Sediment C. Tsunami
D. Fresh water D. Landslide

858. Which one is an example of Non-point 863. are bodies of water the only thing that
source pollution? makes up a water shed?
A. Littering A. yes
B. Using pesticide B. no
C. Using fertilizer C. bologna
D. All the above D. cheese
NARAYAN CHANGDER
859. Which major Virginia watershed is #3? 864. Which best determines the health of a
lake used as a source of freshwater?
A. its temperature and pH
B. its location and depth
865. Litter on city streets washes away dur-

ing a storm
A. Gulf of Mexico (Mississippi River) Wa-

tershed
B. North Carolina Sound Watershed
D. none of above
860. The water is able to flow through pore

A. Point
spaces, what type of rock is it?
A. permeable B. Non-Point
B. impermeable 866. When there is a single identifiable and lo-

C. aquifer calized source of water pollution, such as
wastewater discharge into a stream.
D. geyser
A. runoff
861. A layer of permeable rock that retains
B. drainage
and filters water.
C. point source pollution
A. Drainage Divide
B. Surface Water D. non-point source pollution
C. Water Table 867. When dirt enters the water from erosion,
D. Aquifer it is this type of pollution:
A. Toxic
862. If water temperature goes UP, what hap-
pens to the level of Dissolved oxygen? B. Nutrient
A. It goes up C. Sediment
B. It goes down D. none of above

868. An area of land that is wet all or part of B. logged forest

the year is called a(n) C. broken petroleum transfer pipe

A. wetland D. cropland
B. groundwater
873. Tributaries are made up of and
C. estuary
A. Rivers and Streams
D. tributary
B. Lakes and Streams
869. States within the Chesapeake bay: C. Rivers and Lakes
A. Net York, New Jersey, Maryland D. Bays and Rivers
B. New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland,
874. Ecosystems are always
Delaware, West Virginia, Virginia
C. Connecticut, Georgia, North Carolina
D. Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina,
South Carolina, Georgia, New York
870. What percent of Earth is covered by wa-

ter?
A. always changing
B. always balanced
C. never changing
D. never balanced
875. Watersheds are named by

A. who discovered them
A. 25%
B. where it is located
B. 75%
C. the body of water it drains to
C. 90%
D. none of above
D. 33%
876. Containers at a food processing plant
871. What are freshwater lakes particularly leaking fat and animal juices
vulnerable to?
A. Pollution
B. Overfishing
C. Eutrophication
D. Acidification
872. What is an example of point source for

water pollution? A. Point
A. livestock feedlot B. Non-Point

877. Most specifically, in Henrico, we are a 880. Which Natural Disaster could have
part of the: caused this?
NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. James River Watershed
A. A landslide.
B. Rappahannock Watershed
B. An avalanche.
C. York River Watershed
C. A volcanic eruption.
D. Potomac River Watershed
D. A flood.
878. When water flows across the surface of
the earth it is called? 881. Which major watershed is Abingdon in?
A. Chesapeake Bay Watershed

B. Southern Rivers Watershed
C. Mississippi River Watershed
D. Rivanna River Watershed
882. The image shows various stages in the

A. Watershed water cycle. During which stage does wa-
B. River ter flow back towards the sea as runoff?
C. Run Off
D. Rain
879. the results of pollution where an algae

bloom becomes too large and blocks sun-
light and creates an unfavorable condition
for living things.
A. algae bloom A. W
B. erosion B. X
C. eutrophication C. Y
D. effluent D. Z

883. What is Point Source Pollution (PSP)? 887. A geographical barrier, such as a ridge,
A. When you cannot trace the direct hill or mountain, separating one water-
shed land area from another.

source of pollution
B. When you can trace the point of the A. Watershed
source-“pipe to source” B. Drainage Divide
884. The Chesapeake Bay combines freshwa- C. Aquifer

ter from rivers and salt water from the D. Permeable
ocean making it
888. What is it called when plants give off wa-
ter vapor as a waste product?
A. An estuary
B. A lake
C. An ocean
D. A pond A. condensation
B. evaporation
885. Which watershed(s) is Albemarle County
located in? C. sublimation
A. Mississippi River Watershed D. transpiration
B. Rivanna River Watershed 889. A wetland is a wet area with water all
C. Shenandoah River Watershed year long or at certain times of the year,
sometimes referred to as a marshy area.
D. James River Watershed
A. True
886. Which surface would have the most
B. False
runoff from it after a rainstorm?
890. Jeff follows the directions on the lawn
A. fertilizer package when applying it to his
lawn.
A. Positive Impact
B. B. Negative Impact
891. Which river does Carson Middle Schools

watershed drain to?
C. A. Potomac
B. Patuxent
C. Choptank
D.
D. York

892. At the end stages of eutrophication, you 897. Waves caused by earthquakes or volcanic
would expect to find activity are called
A. increased pH A. breakers
B. increased sediment B. rip currents
C. decreased dissolved oxygen in the wa- C. longshore drift
ter
D. tsunamis
D. decreased temperature in the water
NARAYAN CHANGDER
893. Pollution that comes from everywhere 898. Which larger watershed is the Potomac
and enters the water supply through Watershed part of?
runoff is A. Mississippi River Watershed
A. point source pollution B. Chesapeake Bay Watershed
B. nonpoint pollution C. Pacific Northwest Watershed
C. chemical pollution
D. Great Lakes Watershed
D. exterior pollution
899. Rapid growth of algae in a pond is often
894. Abiotic means the result of-
A. the living things in the ecosystem
A. loss of habitat due to commercial build-
B. the nonliving things in the ecosystem ing.
C. the living things that affect the crop- B. flooding that causes water levels to
land rise.
D. the nonliving things that affect the C. excess nutrients from fertilizer runoff.
cropland
D. clogged river tributaries entering a
895. Select all ways that you can conserve wa- lake.
ter.
A. turn off the faucet when brushing your 900. What is another word to describe the
teeth water found in an estuary like the Chesa-
peake Bay?
B. take shorter showers (while maintain-
ing good hygiene)
C. only wash full loads of laundry
D. run the dishwasher only when it is
completely full
E. take longer showers
896. Brackish water is:

A. Salty A. Organic
B. Fresh B. Brackish
C. Found only in extremely cold water C. Polluted
D. A mix of salty and fresh D. Clear

901. The image is an example of what type of 906. Watersheds are the areas that drain all
pollution source? the water that falls on land and are vital
to life because they support

A. habitats
B. ponds
C. clouds
D. rainbows
907. Which is a biotic factor?

A. Point Source
B. Non-point Source
902. a watershed where about 50% of the

precipitation that falls soaks into the
ground is a(n)
A. Undeveloped watershed
A. Fox
B. Developed watershed
B. Mountain
903. An area of land that drains into a certain C. Air
body of water is called D. Sunlight
A. a watershed
B. a tributary
C. river system
D. an ecosystem
904. In a test of pH levels, a baking soda has

a pH of 9 and bleach has a pH of 12. What
is true about there relationship?
A. Both of the solution are Bases A. Earthquake
B. Both of the solution are Acids B. Flood
C. The Baking soda is an acid and the C. Tsunami
Bleach is a base
D. Hurricane
D. The baking soda is a base and the
Bleach is an Acid. 909. Biotic means
A. the living things in the ecosystem
905. An ecosystem is made up of
B. the nonliving things in the ecosystem
A. living things only
C. the living things that affect the crop-
B. non-living things only
land
C. both living and non-living things D. the nonliving things that affect the
D. none of above cropland

910. Which type of wetland is best described 914. An underground layer of rock or sediment
as, “The plants growing here are grasses, that holds water?
reeds, sedges, and some shrubs.”
NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. bogs
A. Reservoir
B. fens B. Aquifer
C. swamps C. Groundwater
D. marsh D. Watershed
911. Salt from roadways can contaminate our 915. This type of soil feels sticky when moist.
watersheds because it can easily in
water and runoff into streams and rivers. A. soil
B. humus
C. silt
D. clay
916. Wetlands are important to humans be-

cause:
A. pollute A. they provide flood protection
B. erode B. they improve water quality
C. dissolve C. they act as a filter
D. nutrients D. all of the above
912. What is the definition of Biotic factors? 917. Each affects the path of the water-
shed.
A. Dead things
A. ocean
B. plants
B. river
C. Living things or organisms
C. landform
D. soil
D. pond
913. Temperature, light, air, water, and soil
are all parts of the environment 918. Litter and other trash that wasn’t dis-
posed of properly can eventually make its
A. alive way into the ocean or other water sys-
B. biotic tems.
C. abiotic A. True
D. living B. False

919. All living things or organisms in an 924. How does increasing nitrates impact
ecosystem are stream health?

A. None
B. biotic factors
C. abiotic factors
D. none of above A. causes algae blooms
920. Which type of water is more susceptible B. increases oxygen

to pollution? C. increases water clarity
A. Surface Water D. none of above
B. Groundwater 925. The breaking of rock by wind, water,
gravity or animals
921. The land area that supplies water to a
river system A. Erosion
A. Watershed B. Deposition
B. Abiotic C. Weathering
D. Abrasion
C. Biotic
D. Gulf of mexico 926. After condensation, the droplets of water
in the clouds fall to the earth in different
922. Which of these most directly prevents forms
erosion in a watershed? A. precipitation
A. plant life B. condensation
B. soil type C. evaporation
C. agricultural irrigation D. ground water
D. sediment transport
927. What is a simple definition of a wetland?
923. Which of the following is NOT a way to
help improve water quality?
A. recycle
B. dump extra fertilizer into the local
river
C. conduct river clean-ups
A. low lying lands with spongy soil that
D. plant trees are wet all the time every year

B. low lying lands with spongy soil that C. a mixture of sewage and rainwater.
are wet for a certain time every year D. water that is stored underground in
C. high lands with spongy soil that are soil and the cracks between rocks.
wet for a certain time every year
932. Acid rain causes
D. low lying lands with moist soil that are
A. physical weathering.
wet all the time every year
B. chemical weathering.
928. An effect of sediment pollution in a river
C. both chemical and physical weather-
NARAYAN CHANGDER
or pond would most likely be
ing.
A. The sediment would block out sunlight
D. neither chemical or physical weather-
for SAV.
ing.
B. The sediment would cause the over-
growth of algae. 933. A layer of permeable rock that allows
water to flow freely is a
C. The sediment would be toxic to the or-
ganisms living there. A. wetland
D. The sediment would cause pH to de- B. cave
crease. C. spring
929. What watershed is located in the south- D. aquifer
west part of Virginia? 934. When water vapor cools down and
changes liquid water it has
A. Rappahannock
B. Chesapeake Bay/Coastal
C. Big Sandy A. Melted
D. James B. Evaporated
C. Condensed
930. provide an abundance of habitat for
many animals, including fish, migratory D. Precipitated
birds, mammals, insects, reptiles, and
935. The Chesapeake Bay is the largest estu-
more.
ary in the United States.
A. pollution
B. Runoff
C. Erosion
D. Wetlands
931. Groundwater is
A. a type of run-off.
B. water that flows through tributaries.

A. True 941. What is a body of water that combines

B. False freshwater from rivers and lakes with
saltwater from the ocean? (like the Chesa-

936. is the most powerful force of weath- peake Bay)
ering and erosion because it can cause
both chemical and mechanical weathering
as well as erosion.
A. wind
B. water
C. gravity
D. ice A. Estuary
B. Floodplain
937. Why is the Chesapeake Bay considered to
be an ‘estuary’? C. Wetland
A. It is a mix of fresh and salt water D. Tributary
B. It has only salt water 942. What is a stream or river that feeds into
C. It only has freshter a larger body of water?
D. none of above A. Tributary
938. What is the process of moving sediments B. Estuary
from location to another? C. Bay
A. Deposition D. Watershed
B. Erosion
943. Fertilizer can seep through the ground
C. Weathering to reach groundwater, what effect can it
D. Compaction have?
939. How does the water move through the

watershed?
A. From small streams to larger streams
and rivers and into the ocean.
B. From the clouds to the ground and
back up again. A. Fertilizer can cause groundwater to re-
C. By evaporating then condensing verse flow
D. From large rivers to smaller ones B. Fertilizer can cause groundwater to
freeze
940. What would increase the temperature of
C. Fertilizer can cause groundwater to
a river or lake?
become undrinkable
A. Fish
D. It will seep into the school
B. Planting more trees
C. A factory returning water to the 944. Why do we need watersheds?
river/lake A. Drinking
D. A rapids B. Washing

C. Growing crops 949. How are boundaries of a watershed de-

termined?
D. All of the above
A. The elevation of the surrounding area
945. Paint Creek is a tributary to what river? B. Political determinations
A. The Scioto River C. The size of the river
B. The Ohio River D. The size of the watershed
C. The Mississippi River 950. Rain is an example of
NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. All of the above A. an abiotic factor in an ecosystem.
B. a biotic factor in an ecosystem.
946. Where does water that lands on the yel-
C. a life process.
low part of the map end up?
D. point source pollution.
951. Which activity helps reduce the severity
of flooding?
A. draining wetlands
B. clearing trees from hillsides
C. creating artificial wetlands
D. paving urban areas
A. A hair road cancer 952. What is the watershed in which we live?

B. Lake Superior A. Mobile Bay
C. Lake Huron B. Mississippi

C. Gulf South Atlantic
D. Lake Erie
D. Alaska
947. There are several river process in a wa- E. Great Lakes
tershed, order this from largest to small-
est. 953. What other term can you use for the
word “watersheds”?
A. tributaries, rivers, river systems
A. oceans
B. tributaries, river systems, rivers B. flow
C. rivers, tributaries, river systems C. basins
D. river systems, rivers, tributaries D. runoff
948. Several streams or rivers that feed into 954. An area of land that is covered with a
and include a larger river is called shallow layer of water during some or all
of the year.
A. an estuary
A. Watershed
B. a tributary B. Tributary
C. a river system C. Wetland
D. the bay D. Estuary

955. Which catastrophic event will most likely B. A volcanic eruption

have the effect of returning an ecosystem
to primary succession? C. A flood

A. to tornado D. A drought

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The aim of this publication is to sup-

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2. What is a synonym for watershed?

8. Which is NOT a type of NONrenewable en- B. North Carolina Sound

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12. What are tributaries?

16. A large stream of water that moves

8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. A

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30. ALL watersheds drain from high eleva-

34. Snow melts in parking lots and carries oils

31. What is the type of water that moves un-

35. Excess nutrients in the water are likely to

29. B 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. B 36. A

36. The place where an organism lives is its A. groundwater

B. Dissolved Oxygen A. Jackson to Lake Michigan

C. Salinity B. Texas to California

D. Turbidity 45. Which measure of water quality tests the

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48. The highest point of a mountain within a

A. Ground water A. Clouds

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57. Each basin is separated by a divide like a

64. The source is where a river or stream be-

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C. These chemicals are expensive to pro- C. only in ohio

79. Water that flows along Earth’s surface to

76. The action of water removing soil, rock,

80. What is substance with a neutral pH of 7?

77. where are wetlands found? B. Sand

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A. because they filter sediment and pollu-

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97. What is erosion?

D. New Mexico D. When rocks are broken apart by water

98. After the clarification step in wastewater

99. Which watershed is the largest in Vir-

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118. Water that flows along Earth’s surface to

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115. Biotic can be defined as

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C. soil type, slope, source zone, vegeta- B. Runoff from agriculture