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Math Grade 8 Term 2

The document discusses the cartesian coordinate system and methods for graphing lines. It defines the cartesian plane, axes, quadrants and linear equations. It then describes several methods for graphing lines, including using slope-intercept form, two points, a point and slope, and describing lines based on their slope and y-intercept. Key methods covered are converting between standard and slope-intercept form of a line, finding the slope as "rise over run", and using formulas to graph lines given various inputs like two points, a point and slope, or slope and y-intercept.

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84 views2 pages

Math Grade 8 Term 2

The document discusses the cartesian coordinate system and methods for graphing lines. It defines the cartesian plane, axes, quadrants and linear equations. It then describes several methods for graphing lines, including using slope-intercept form, two points, a point and slope, and describing lines based on their slope and y-intercept. Key methods covered are converting between standard and slope-intercept form of a line, finding the slope as "rise over run", and using formulas to graph lines given various inputs like two points, a point and slope, or slope and y-intercept.

Uploaded by

dkealmadrones
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mathematics

The rectangular coordinate system also known as the cartesian coordinate system is a
2-dimensional plane. It is used to determine the location of a point using the coordinates.
Coordinates are an ordered pair of x and y values.

The cartesian plane has many parts, these parts are:

Origin Point of intersection of the X and Y axes

X axis Horizontal Axis

Y Axis Vertical Axis

Quadrant 1 (+, +) Upper right corner

Quadrant 2 (-, +) Upper left corner

Quadrant 3 (-, -) Bottom left corner

Quadrant 4 (+, -) Bottom right corner

Linear equation in two variables


A linear equation in two variables takes the form of Ax + By = C or the “Standard Form”

Slope - measures the steepness of a line. It is equal to the rise/run or


Change in y / change in x

Intercept method:
To graph a line using the intercept method,
Solve for y by setting x = 0
Solve for x by setting y = 0
Graph a line that crosses said points
Table of Values method:
To graph a line using the table of values method,
Set x to any value then solve for y
Set x to another value then solve for y
Graph a line that crosses said points

Slope intercept form lets us to obtain the slope and the intercept of a line. To convert it from
the standard form, you must do the following steps:
Ax + By = C, transpose Ax
By = -Ax + C divide the equation by B using MPE
y = (-A/B)x + C/B, let (-A/B) = m and (C/B) = b
y = mx + b is the slope-intercept form
b is the slope of the line while b is the y-intercept.
Graphing a line using two points
To graph a line using two points, use the formula:
(Y2 - Y1 / X2 - X1)
After that, use one point and draw a line with the slope (the result of the formula)
Ex. A line that crosses (1,2) and (2,3)
3 - 2 / 2 - 1 = (1/1)
Therefore, the line will cross points:
(1,2), (2,3), (3,4) as it has a slope of 1

Obtaining the equation of a line using a point and the slope


Use the formula
y - y1 = m(x-x1)

Ex. (1,2) m=4


y - 2 = 4 (x - 1)
y = 4x - 4 + 2
y = 4x - 2

Describing a graph in terms of its slope and intercept

Positive Slope A line that rises from left to right

Negative Slope A line that falls from left to right

Undefined Slope A line that is vertical

Zero Slope A line that is horizontal

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