CHAPTER 2

METHODOLOGY

(Intro about the chapter) tayone

This primary component of this chapter will include description of the

research design, research locale and participants, research instrument and the

data gathering procedure and data analysis that will utilize in the study.

Additionally, trustworthiness of the study and ethical consideration will be

discussed and provided.

Research Design

Description of the design (cite author) tayone

The study is a qualitative type of research. It is a type of research that

describe the population, situation, or phenomenon that is being studied. This

research is more concerned with what rather than how or why something has

happened. Therefore, observation and survey tools are often used to gather

data (Gall, Gall & Borg, 2007).

Reason why employ the said design tayone

The researchers choose qualitative type of study for it provide narratives-

a rich data and in-depth information that is detailed and widely applicable to

answer the research question about the perspective of Nurses when dealing with

culturally diverse patient.

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Research Locale and Participant tayone

Describe the location where the study will be conducted

Describe who will be your respondents/participants and how you will select

them

The research will be conducted at Kidapawan City and the participants are

the Nurses from different health institutions in North Cotabato. The participants of

the study will be selected according to the following criteria:

a.) Nurses that are currently working on an health institutions/hospitals,

b.) and has willingness to participate in the study

The participant of the study will be determined with the use of purposeful

sampling technique or also known as purposive and selective sampling.

According to Statistic Solution (2021), purposeful sampling is a sampling

technique that qualitative researcher use to recruit participants who can provide

in-depth and detailed information about the phenomenon under investigation.

Research Instrument AGUIRRE

Describe your research instrument

Quali- interview guide questions

Quanti-survey questionnaire

In gathering data, the researchers will utilize an interview guide

questionnaire as instrument to collect in-depth information for the study. The

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interview questions are open ended. The questions will compose of three (3)

main questions and probing questions. Main question is to the answer the

research questions and probing questions are to ask for more details and often a

follow-up question to help clarify a point or to understand the point of the

participants.

Data Gathering Procedure AGUIRRE

Enumerate and describe the steps on how you will gather data

The researcher will be guided by the following guidelines in conducting the

data gathering:

Asking permission to conduct a study. The researchers will formulate an

informed consent duly noted by their research adviser and will be sent to the

prospective participants to inform them about the study and ask for the

participants coordination.

Conduct of Interview. A proper setting will be chosen for the conduct of the

interview. The purpose of the interview will be fully explained and the researcher

will fully assur the confidentiality of their responses. Due to COVID-19 pandemic

the interview will be done using Google platforms to follow the COVID-19

protocols disallowing face-face meetings. The online survey interview will provide

guide questions to allow the participants the degree of freedom and adaptability

to answer the online interview.

Data Analysis AGUIRRE

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Enumerate and discuss how you will analyze the data BALE DITO LANG

ANG GAWIN

Thematic analysis (quali) steps… DI NA ITO NO KAY QUALI MAN DAW

The data that will gather through the online interview and will undergo

analysis and interpretation using thematic analysis. The narrative analysis will be

guided by the frequency of dominant terms and this terms will be coded and will

interpret accordingly. Words, phrases that appeared to be similar will be grouped

into the same category. These categories will be gradually evaluated to

determine how they’re link.

Trustworthiness of the Study (for quali only) DI NA RIN ITO

Research about CREDIBILITY, CONFIRMABILITY, TRANSFERABILITY AND

DEPENDABILITY (give definition by citing author and then in the next

paragraph discuss how you will apply it in your study)

In constructing a qualitative study project, there are several elements to

the design that can be included to improve whole feature or trustworthiness

(Baxter & Jack 2008). Also, to make sure that sufficient detail will be kept. In this

study, researchers will make certain that the case study research question will be

clearly written, and the questions will be validated and appropriate for the

research question, data will be gathered, completed, and evaluated

systematically (Baxter & Jack, 2008).

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 Credibility, according to Dzakiria (2006 ) referred to the conscious effort to

established confidence in an accurate understanding of the significance of the

data or the setting in a believable way. Researchers will address credibility in this

study through building and ensuring that the research interview questions will be

validated. In particular, interview questions will be validated by the research

adviser.

Transferability is the point to which the results can apply or convey beyond

the boundaries of the study (Gomm, Hammersley & Foster, 2000). In this study,

transferability was established through the audit trial. In fact, all answers from the

online interview will be kept. Likewise, researchers ensured that all transcripts

were properly coded for easy transferability of information.

Dependability is within the main issue that in which the study performed

consistency across time (Gasson, 2004).In this study, this was address through

ensuring that the data will be gather through online interview will be reviewed and

validated by pool of experts for the other researchers’ bases in their studies.

Likewise, researchers consulted varied sources of literatures to support the

discussion.

Conformability research represented the situation being researched

(Bailey, 2013).This was addressed through presenting answers from online

survey to the participants after the conduct of the interview and their response to

the informed consent will use for the verification.

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Ethical Considerations AGUIRRE

Discuss about Informed consent · Voluntary participation; Do no harm ·

Confidentiality; Anonymity; and discuss how you will apply this in your

study)

Informed Consent. Informed consent is one of the founding principles of

research ethics. Its intent is that human participants can enter research freely

(voluntarily) with full information about what it means for them to take part, and

that they give consent before they enter the research (University of Oxford,

2021).

In this study, an informed consent will be given to the respondents to

ensure their confidentiality and to secure the information they request not to

expose. Their participation will be obtained after, and they will guarantee that the

information collected from them will handle with the strictest confidence. This will

be carried out to promote trust within the researcher and the participants.

6
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 APPENDICES AGUIRRE

Informed Consent

INFORMED CONSENT STATEMENT

Introduction

This study is entitled “CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN PATIENT CARE: THE

PERSPECTIVE OF NURSES”.

Purpose

This study is in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the program:

Bachelor of Science in Nursing.

Process

The focal point of this study is the perception of the Medical practitioners

specifically the nurses in dealing with patients who have different cultures or

norms. The main participants are nurses who are experienced patients with

various cultures inside the hospitals during their time of duty.

Participant Confidentiality

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 Any data collected for the study like your personal details and opinions will

be strictly held with utmost confidentiality. This will not be used for any purposes

other than this study.

Cancellation of Consent and Authorization

The participation in this study is voluntary. You may inform the researcher

if you wish not to participate or to answer the survey questionnaire.

Participant Certification

I have read and had the opportunity to ask questions on the kind of data

asked from me. I am granting my permission to utilize my answers as part of the

data to be used in this research.

ACCEPTED AND AGREED

Signature:____________________ Date:_______________

Printed Name: ________________________________________

Contact Number:_____________________________

Address: ______________________________________________

Interviewed by: _________________________________________________

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Research Instrument

Interview Question Guide

Interview Questions
Research Objectives
Main Question Probing Question

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 determine the 1. How do you deal 1. If you have patients
practices of nurses in with culturally whom you notice have
diverse patients? different culture than
dealing with culturally
the majority, what do
diverse patients; 2. What are the you usually do?
challenges you
 find out the encounter when 2. If you have
challenges dealing with miscommunication with
encountered by culturally diverse the patients, what do
patient? you usually do?
nurses in dealing
with culturally diverse 3. If patient care is
patients; and 3. What are your affected with the culture
ways on coping of your patient, what do
with the you do?
 find out how nurses challenges in
cope with the dealing with 4. Can you cite instances
challenges they culturally diverse when you deal with
patients? patients of different
encountered in culture?
dealing with culturally
diverse patients. 5. What resources have
you proved helpful in
caring cultural diverse
patient?

6. What problems have

you encountered in
patient care?

7. How do you deal with

these problems?

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