Importance and applications of PLs

What to we need to communicate with ppl?

Both people know the same lang.
(Language have set of grammar rules)

Communication with machines --

Programming language that have set of rules (called syntax) that help humans to
communicate with the machines.

Need of programming
To solve various tasks efficiently using softwares - programming codes

Application of programming languages(PLs)

Gaming
Banking
Machine learning

Commonly used PLs python java

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Variables in programming
What is data?
In computers, Binary codes 0s and 1s
Every PL is converted into binary codes.

How to store data?

Data and value can be stored in temp. storages called
variables.
Example --

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Decision making statements

Make decisions on conditions or terms
Option1 or option2
This or else

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 Looping statements
They are used to repeat a task multiple times.
Example- keep repeating a song until you close
the music app.

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Functions in
programming

What is a function?
Block of code that do specific tasks.
Example-
• deposit
• withdraw
• balance

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Object oriented
programming

Class is a template or blue print for real world

entities. Objects have properties and behavior.
Eg. Color, cost and make calls , play games.

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Objects are specific instances of a class.
Example - phone (class)
Apple samsung nokia (specific instances of a class)

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Algorithmic way to solve a problem

How to solve a problem?

By step by step approach

Example- how to make lemon juice?

Step by step approach to solve a problem is called algorithms .

Input-----algorithm------output

Algorithm to find if the number is odd or even

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 Basic lecture 8

Introduction to python
Free and open source(easy download and use accordingly)
Cross platform compatible (on any OS)
Large standard library(for various purposes python provides)
Object oriented

Downloaded
python
pycharm this an IDE integrated develoment environment
Anaconda for programming it’s a web base app.

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 Introduction to jupyter
notebook
It is a browser based interpreter that allows python
interaction.
steps to start working

They are .ipynb files

Kernel is executor of the programme

Help has some shortcuts

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Variables and data types in python

How do I store data?
In variable

Every variable is associated with a data type.

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Int integers
Float decimals
Boolean true and false
String character in double quotes

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Operators in python
Operations on data or variables using operators

Operators in python
• Relational <,>,==,!=
• Logical &, or, not
• Arithmetic +,-,/,*

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python tokens
Smallest meaningful component in a programm is token
• Keywords (special reserved words give info to compiler or interpreter)
• Identifiers (names used for variable function or obj.)
Rules
1. No special character except _
2. Case sensitive
3. First letter can't be a digit
• Literals(constants in python)
• Operators

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1. keywords

*We can't use keywords as variable class or function name as it causes error.*

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Strings
They are sequence of characters in single double or triple quotes.

Extraction of indiv. character

String functions

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Python tuples

DATA STRUCTURES IN PYTHON

These are variables
• Tuples {ordered collection of elements in() } have fixed value
• List
• Dictionary
• Set

tup1=(1,a,True)

Extracting indivisual items

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Lists in python
List is an ordered collection of elements in[]
Their values can be changed.

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Dictionary in python
it is an unordered collection of key value pairs enclosed in {}.
Values can be changed .

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Set in python
Set is an unordered and unindexed collection of elements enclosed in {}
Duplicates arent allowed in a set.

s1={1,"a",True}

SET OPERATIONS

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If statement

• If 3 conditions = elif statement

• If with list

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• If with Dictionary

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Looping statements in python

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Problems in python

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 BASIC LECTURE 21

FUNCTIONS IN PYTHON

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Intro - Object oriented programming

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Creating class
• 1st word of class capital

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Adding parameters to a class method

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Creating class with constructor

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Inheritance in python

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Types of inheritance

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Introduction to numpys

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Joining numpy arrays

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Numpy intersection and difference

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Numpy intersection and difference

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Numpy array mathematics

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Sharing and loading numpy array

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Introduction to pandas

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pandas series object

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Intro to panda dataframes

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Panda functions more

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Lesson 1

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