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Practice Questions

The passage provides practice questions about the nervous system and endocrine system. It tests knowledge about the posterior pituitary, hypothalamic-pituitary portal system, why squids were useful for early neurophysiology studies, characteristics of graded potentials and voltage-gated potassium channels, factors that influence neuronal conduction velocity, differences between electrical and chemical synapses, components of muscle cells, neurotransmitters at the neuromuscular junction, the role of microglia in the CNS, and the timing of sodium channel inactivation in the action potential.

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29 views2 pages

Practice Questions

The passage provides practice questions about the nervous system and endocrine system. It tests knowledge about the posterior pituitary, hypothalamic-pituitary portal system, why squids were useful for early neurophysiology studies, characteristics of graded potentials and voltage-gated potassium channels, factors that influence neuronal conduction velocity, differences between electrical and chemical synapses, components of muscle cells, neurotransmitters at the neuromuscular junction, the role of microglia in the CNS, and the timing of sodium channel inactivation in the action potential.

Uploaded by

ayaekh343
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Practice questions (Nervous System and Endocrine System)

The posterior pituitary is


A) one of the most important endocrine organs.
B) an organ producing (not just secreting) neurohormones.
C) structurally connected to the hypothalamus.
D) a very small thin sheet in adult mammals.

The hypothalamic-pituitary portal system transports blood and neurohormones between the
A) hypothalamus and the heart.
B) hypothalamus and the pituitary gland (after returning to the heart).
C) hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary.
D) hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary.

The squid served as an ideal model system to study neurophysiology because


A) squids are invertebrates and invertebrates have a simpler nervous system than vertebrates.
B) the large diameter of the squid’s neurons enabled researchers to make recordings from inside of a
nerve cell.
C) fast electrical communication is a unique feature of squids.
D) squids are active predators and therefore have many nerves that can be easily studied.

Which of the following statements is true of graded potentials?


A) They travel over long distances.
B) They have different amplitudes.
C) They are typically found in axons.
D) They travel without decrement.

Which of the following statements is true about voltage-gated K+ channels?


A) They are triggered to open at voltages near the Na+ equilibrium potential.
B) They are triggered to open at voltages near the resting membrane potential.
C) They are triggered to open at voltages near the threshold potential.
D) They are triggered to open at voltages below the resting membrane potential.

Given the information below, the neuron with the characteristics listed in choice __________ would
have the fastest conduction velocity.
A) myelinated, 50 μm diameter
B) myelinated, 10 μm diameter
C) unmyelinated, 50 μm diameter
D) unmyelinated, 10 μm diameter

Which of the following is a true difference between electrical and chemical synapses?
A) Electrical synapses are found in the central nervous system.
B) Electrical synapses are the most common type of synapse.
C) Electrical synapses typically send information in one direction (presynaptic cell to postsynaptic cell).
D) Electrical synapses are much faster.
The main component in __________ of a muscle cell is polymerized actin.
A) thin filaments
B) thick filaments
C) A-bands
D) Z-disks

Motor neurons release __________ into the neuromuscular synapse, which may generate depolarization
at the motor end plate.
A) acetylcholine
B) adenosine
C) catecholamines
D) GABA

Microglia are important for


A. lining the cavities of the central nervous system and circulating cerebral spinal fluid.
B. transporting nutrients and regulating neurotransmitter levels around the synapse.
C. forming myelin on neurons of the central nervous system.
D. forming myelin on neurons of the peripheral nervous system.
E. removing debris and dead cells from the central nervous system.

Based on the image of the action potential seen below, where would we expect to see the initial
inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels?

A. Time point 1
B. Time point 2
C. Time point 3
D. Time point 4

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