Scribd
Upload
14 views

Lesson 1 The Evolution of Internetmidterm

The Internet began in the late 1960s as a military research project called ARPANET which connected computers at universities and research facilities. Over the following decades, ARPANET grew and other networks emerged, eventually being connected together using the TCP/IP protocol. This allowed communication between different networks and marked the beginning of what we now know as the Internet. Major developments in the 1980s-1990s included the World Wide Web, HTML, web browsers, search engines, e-commerce sites, and peer-to-peer file sharing, which transformed the Internet into a global phenomenon used by millions of people.

Uploaded by

sitoyamy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
14 views

Lesson 1 The Evolution of Internetmidterm

The Internet began in the late 1960s as a military research project called ARPANET which connected computers at universities and research facilities. Over the following decades, ARPANET grew and other networks emerged, eventually being connected together using the TCP/IP protocol. This allowed communication between different networks and marked the beginning of what we now know as the Internet. Major developments in the 1980s-1990s included the World Wide Web, HTML, web browsers, search engines, e-commerce sites, and peer-to-peer file sharing, which transformed the Internet into a global phenomenon used by millions of people.

Uploaded by

sitoyamy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

THE INTERNET

The Internet is a vast, electronic network connecting many millions of computers


from every corner of the world. A computer connected to the Internet is commonly referred
to as a host. Connections are made using telephone lines, cable data lines, fiber-optic, or even
wireless signals. This connected-ness allows computers to send and receive information in
the form of digitized data on demand.
The Internet has been around for several decades, with the very first iteration starting
as a military research project in the late 1960s. Since then, it has evolved and undergone
many changes before transitioning into the familiar World Wide Web that we know today.
In this module, you will be acquainted with the development and evolution of the
Internet and the impacts that it has laid down on our society. For sure, you will be learning
more about computers in their more profound sense.

LESSON 1 The Evolution of the Internet (1960 to Present)

Nowadays, several ways enable us to access the Internet. Technology keeps improving, the
method to access the Internet also increase. People can now access Internet services by using
their cell phones, laptop and various gadgets. The number of Internet service providers also
keeps rising.
The origin of the internet began in the late 1960s and early 1970s from a new network
technology created by the U.S. Department of Defense. It was known as the Advanced
Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET).

Its purpose was to connect various Department of Defense scientists and researchers
across the United States working on defense projects. Researchers incorporated ARPANET
into the networks they were working at including universities. As more and more networks
joined the system, the internet began to take shape.

Internet History Timeline


1960s

ARPA was the center of computing research in the 1960s, but there was just one
problem: many of the computers could not talk to each other. In 1968, ARPA sent out a
request for proposals for a communication technology that would allow different computers
located around the country to be integrated together into one network. Twelve companies
responded to the request, and a company named Bolt, Beranek, and Newman (BBN) won the
contract. They began work right away and were able to complete the job just one year later:
in September, 1969, the ARPANET was turned on. The first four nodes were at UCLA,
Stanford, MIT, and the University of Utah.

1970s

Over the next decade, the ARPANET grew and gained popularity. During this time,
other networks also came into existence. Different organizations were connected to different
networks. This led to a problem: the networks could not talk to each other. This led to a
problem: the networks could not talk to each other. Each network used its own proprietary
language, or protocol, to send information back and forth. This problem was solved by the
invention of transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP). TCP/IP was designed
to allow networks running on different protocols to have an intermediary protocol that would
allow them to communicate. So as long as your network supported TCP/IP, you could
communicate with all of the other networks running TCP/IP. TCP/IP quickly became the
standard protocol and allowed networks to communicate with each other. It is from this
breakthrough that we first got the term Internet, which simply means ―an
interconnected network of networks.‖

1980s

Dave Farber of the University of Delaware reveals a project to build an inexpensive


network using dial-up phone lines. In 1982, the PhoneNet system is established and is
connected to ARPANET and the first commercial network, Telenet. This broadens access to
the internet and allows for email communication between multiple nations of the world.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP), as the protocol suite,
commonly known as TCP/IP, emerge as the protocol for ARPANET. This results in the
fledgling definition of the Internet as connected TCP/IP internets. TCP/IP remains the
standard protocol for the Internet. The Domain Name System (DNS) establishes
the familiar
.edu, .gov, .com, .mil, .org, .net, and .int system for naming websites in
1983. This is easier to remember than the previous designation for
websites, such as 123.456.789.10.

1990s

Tim Berners-Lee and his colleagues at CERN develop hypertext


markup language (HTML) and the uniform resource locator (URL),
giving birth to the first incarnation of the World Wide Web. This
technology continues to have a large impact on how we navigate and
view the Internet today.

The World Wide Web gained even more steam with the release of
the Mosaic browser in 1993, which allowed graphics and text to be
combined together as a way to present information and navigate the
Internet. The Mosaic browser took off in popularity and was soon
outdated by Netscape Navigator, the first commercial web browser, in
1994. Netflix is founded in 1997 by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph as
a company that sends users DVDs by mail. The Google search engine is
born in 1998, changing the way users engage with the Internet. In 1999,
AOL buys Netscape. Peer-to-peer file sharing becomes a reality as
Napster arrives on the Internet, where intensifies the music and video
piracy controversy. The first internet virus capable of copying and
sending itself to a user‘s address book is discovered in 1999.
2000s

2000 sees the dot-com bubble rise and burst. In the first few years
of the World Wide Web, creating and putting up a website required a
specific set of knowledge: you had to know how to set up a server on the
World Wide Web, how to get a domain name, how to write web pages in
HTML, and how to troubleshoot various technical issues as they came up.
Someone who did these jobs for a website became known as a
webmaster.

As the web gained in popularity, it became more and more


apparent that those who did not have the skills to be a webmaster still
wanted to create online content and have their own piece of the web. This
need was met with new technologies that provided a website framework
for those who wanted to put content online.

You might also like