Universidad Tecnológica de Querétaro

DTAI. TSU en Mecatrónica-Area de automatización

Módulo 4 - Switch, agregación de datos en matrices, punteros y los conceptos básicos

de cadenas

Lenguaje de programación
Alumno:
Alan Eduardo Ortega Herrera

Grupo:
E187

Profesor:

Yara Odeth Sainz García.

Fecha:
Septiembre 27 del 2023.
 4.1.1.2 switch - the different face of ‘if’
Código:

if(i == 1)
puts("Only one?");
else if(i == 2)
puts("I want more.");
else if(i == 3)
puts("Not bad.");
else
puts("Okay.");

 4.1.1.3 switch - the different face of ‘if’

Código:

switch(i) {
case 1: puts("Only one?"); break;
case 2: puts("I want more."); break;
case 3: puts("Not bad."); break;
case 4: puts("Okay.");
}
 4.1.1.4 switch - the different face of ‘if’
Código:

switch(i) {
case 1: puts("Only one?"); break;
case 2: puts("I want more."); break;
case 3:
case 4: puts("Okay.");
}
 4.1.1.5 switch - the different face of ‘if’
Código:

switch(i) {
case 1: puts("Only one?"); break;
case 2: puts("I want more"); break;
case 3:
case 4: puts("OK"); break;
default: puts("Don't care");
}

 4.1.1.6 LAB: Switch: Part 1

Código:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
int mes;
scanf("%d", &mes);
switch(mes)
{
case 1: puts("January"); break;
 case 2 : puts("February"); break;

case 3 : puts("March"); break;

case 4 : puts("April"); break;

case 5 : puts("May"); break;

case 6 : puts("June"); break;

case 7 : puts("July"); break;

case 8 : puts("August"); break;

case 9 : puts("September"); break;

case 10 : puts("October"); break;

case 11 : puts("November"); break;

case 12 : puts("December"); break;

default: puts("Error: no such month in my calendar.");

}
return 0;
}
 4.1.1.7 LAB: Switch: Part 2

Código:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
int mes;
scanf("%d", &mes);

int DiasAntes = 0;

int CC = 0;
switch(mes)
{
case 12: DiasAntes += 30;

case 11: DiasAntes += 31;

case 10: DiasAntes += 30;

case 9: DiasAntes += 31;

 case 8: DiasAntes += 31;

case 7: DiasAntes += 30;

case 6: DiasAntes += 31;

case 5: DiasAntes += 30;

case 4: DiasAntes += 31;

case 3: DiasAntes += 29;

case 2: DiasAntes += 31;

case 1: CC = 1; break;
default: puts("Error: no such month in my calendar.");
}
if (CC)
printf("There are %d days before the given month.\n", DiasAntes);
return 0;
}
 4.1.2.2 switch - Vectors: why do you need them?

 Código:

int numbers[5];

 4.1.2.4 switch - Vectors: why do you need them?

 Código:

int numbers[5], sum = 0, i;

for(i = 0; i < 5; i++)

sum += numbers[i];
 4.1.2.5 switch - Vectors: why do you need them?

 Código:

int i, numbers[5];

for(i = 0; i < 5; i++)

numbers[i] = 2012;

 4.1.2.6 switch - Vectors: why do you need them?

 Código:

int variable1 = 1, variable2 = 2;

variable2 = variable1;
variable1 = variable2;
 4.1.2.7 switch - Vectors: why do you need them?

 Código:

int variable1 = 1, variable2 = 2, auxiliary;

auxiliary = variable1;
variable1 = variable2;
variable2 = auxiliary;
 4.1.2.8 switch - Vectors: why do you need them?

 Código:

/* swap elements #1 and #5 */

auxiliary = numbers[0];
numbers[0] = numbers[4];
numbers[4] = auxiliary;

/* swap elements #2 and #4 */

auxiliary = numbers[1];
numbers[1] = numbers[3];
numbers[3] = auxiliary;

 4.1.2.9 switch - Vectors: why do you need them?

 Código:

for(i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

auxiliary = numbers[i];
numbers[i] = numbers[4 - i];
numbers[4 - i] = auxiliary;
}
 4.1.2.10 LAB: Arrays: Part 1

Código:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
int Fibonacci[10], i;

Fibonacci[0] = 1;
Fibonacci[1] = 1;

for (i = 2; i<10; i++)

{
Fibonacci[i] = Fibonacci[i - 1] + Fibonacci[i - 2];
}
for (i = 0; i<10; i++)
{
printf("%d\n", Fibonacci[i]);
}
for (i = 0; i<10; i += 2)
{
 printf("%d\n", Fibonacci[i]);
}
for (i = 1; i<10; i += 2)
{
printf("%d\n", Fibonacci[i]);
}
return 0;
}

 4.1.2.11 LAB: Arrays: Part 2

Código:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
char alfabeto[26], c;

for (c = 'a'; c<='z'; c++)

{
alfabeto[c-'a'] = c;
}
 for (c = 'z'; c > 'a'; c--)
{
printf("%c\n", alfabeto[c - 'a']);
}
printf("%c", alfabeto['g'-'a']);
printf("%c", alfabeto['r' - 'a']);
printf("%c", alfabeto['e' - 'a']);
printf("%c", alfabeto['a' - 'a']);
printf("%c\n", alfabeto['t' - 'a']);
return 0;
}

 4.1.3.4 Sorting data: in real life and in the computer memory

 Código:

int numbers[5]; /* array to be sorted */

int i; /* a variable for the loop */
int aux; /* auxiliary variable for swaps */

/* we need 5 – 1 comparisons – why? */

for(i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
/* compare adjacent elements */
 if( numbers[i] > numbers[i + 1]) {
/* if we went here it means that we have to swap the elements */
aux = numbers[i];
numbers[i] = numbers[i + 1];
numbers[i + 1] = aux;
}

 4.1.3.4 Sorting data: in real life and in the computer memory

 Código:

/* The bubble sort - final version */

#include <stdio.h>
int main(void) {
int numbers[5];
int i, aux;
int swapped;

/* ask the user to enter 5 values */

for(i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
printf("\nEnter value #%i\n",i + 1);
scanf("%d",&numbers[i]);
}
 /* sort them */
do {
swapped = 0;
for(i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
if(numbers[i] > numbers[i + 1]) {
swapped = 1;
aux = numbers[i];
numbers[i] = numbers[i + 1];
numbers[i + 1] = aux;
}
}
} while(swapped);

/* print results */
printf("\nSorted array: ");
for(i = 0; i < 5; i++)
printf("%d ",numbers[i]);

printf("\n");
return 0;
}
  4.1.3.6 LAB: Bubble sort

 Código:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
float numbers[10] = {5.6, 4.3, 6.2, 6.4, 7.3, 2.3, 8.3, 9.2, 0.1, 1.9};
int i, intercambio;

do
{
intercambio= 0;
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
if (numbers[i] < numbers[i + 1])
{
intercambio = 1;
float number= numbers[i];

numbers[i] = numbers[i + 1];

numbers[i + 1] = number;
}
}
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
printf("%.2f ", numbers[i]);
printf("\n");
}

while (intercambio);

for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)

printf("%.2f ", numbers[i]);
 printf("\n");
return 0;
}

 4.1.4.3 LAB: Arrays: Initiators

 Código:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
int zeros[10] = { 0 };
int ones[] = { 1, 1 };
int superOnes[5] = { 1, 1, 1, 1, 1};
int fiboSequence[6] = { 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8 };
int i;
for (i = 0; i<10; i++)
{
printf("%d ", zeros[i]);
}
puts("");
for (i = 0; i<2; i++)
{
 printf("%d ", ones[i]);
}
puts("");
for (i = 0; i<5; i++)
{
printf("%d ", superOnes[i]);
}
puts("");
for (i = 0; i<6; i++)
{
printf("%d ", fiboSequence[i]);
}
puts("");

return 0;
}

 4.1.4.3 LAB: Arrays: text – Part 1

 Código:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
 {
char nombre1[20];
char nombre2[20];
char nombre3[20];
char nombre4[20];

scanf("%s", nombre1);
scanf("%s", nombre2);
scanf("%s", nombre3);
scanf("%s", nombre4);
printf("%s\n", nombre4);
printf("%s\n", nombre3);
printf("%s\n", nombre2);
printf("%s\n", nombre1);
return 0;
}

 4.1.5.3 LAB: Arrays: text – Part 2

 Código:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
char IPAddressParte1[4];
char IPAddressParte2[4];
char IPAddressParte3[4];
char IPAddressParte4[4];
char IPAddress[16];

scanf("%s", IPAddressParte1);
scanf("%s", IPAddressParte2);
scanf("%s", IPAddressParte3);
scanf("%s", IPAddressParte4);

sprintf(IPAddress, "%s.%s.%s.%s", IPAddressParte1, IPAddressParte2, IPAddressParte3,

IPAddressParte4);
printf("%s\n", IPAddress);
return 0;
}
 4.1.6.8 Pointers: another kind of data in the “C” language
 Código:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {

printf("This computing environment uses:\n");

printf("%d byte for chars\n", sizeof(char));
printf("%d bytes for shorts\n", sizeof(short int));
printf("%d bytes for ints\n", sizeof(int));
printf("%d bytes for longs\n", sizeof(long int));
printf("%d bytes for long longs\n", sizeof(long long int));
printf("%d bytes for floats\n", sizeof(float));
printf("%d bytes for doubles\n", sizeof(double));
printf("%d bytes for pointers\n", sizeof(int *));
return 0;
}
  4.1.6.9 LAB: Pointers and sizeof

 Código:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
int v;
printf("%d byte for chars\n", sizeof(char));
char c;
printf("%d byte for char variables\n", sizeof(c));

printf("%d bytes for shorts\n", sizeof(short int));

short int si;
printf("%d bytes for short variables\n", sizeof(si));

printf("%d bytes for ints\n", sizeof(int));

int i;
printf("%d bytes for int variables\n", sizeof(i));

printf("%d bytes for longs\n", sizeof(long int));

long int li;
printf("%d bytes for long variables\n", sizeof(li));

printf("%d bytes for long longs\n", sizeof(long long int));

long long int lli;
printf("%d bytes for long long variables\n", sizeof(lli));

printf("%d bytes for floats\n", sizeof(float));

float f;
printf("%d bytes for float variables\n", sizeof(f));

printf("%d bytes for doubles\n", sizeof(double));

 double d;
printf("%d bytes for double variables\n", sizeof(d));

printf("%d bytes for pointers\n", sizeof(int *));

int *pi;
printf("%d bytes for pointer variables\n", sizeof(pi));

printf("%d bytes for address of char variable\n", sizeof(&c));

char *pc=&c;
printf("%d bytes for pointer to char variable\n", sizeof(pc));
printf("%d byte for value stored by pointer to char variable\n", sizeof(*pc));

return 0;
}

 4.1.7.2 Pointers: another kind of data in the “C” language

 Código:

int *ptr1, *ptr2, array[3], i;

ptr1 = array;
  4.1.7.6 LAB: Pointers: advanced
 Código:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
int i;
float numbers[10] = {3.3, 4.4, 5.2, 2.3, 4.5, 6.8, 9.8, 8.2, 7.5, 9.2};
float biggerNumbers[10];
float *source = numbers;
float *copy = biggerNumbers;
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
*copy = *source;
copy++;
source++;
}
float *biggerEnd = copy;
float *biggerStart = biggerNumbers;
float *middle1 = biggerNumbers+4;
float *middle2 = middle1+1;
for ( ; middle1>=biggerStart ; middle1--, middle2++)
 {
printf("%.1f\n", *middle1);
printf("%.1f\n", *middle2);
}
return 0;
}

 4.1.9.1 Assigning values to strings

 Código:

char protagonist[] = "Snape";

 4.1.9.2 y 4.1.9.3 Assigning values to strings
 Código:

char protagonist[20];
protagonist = "Gandalf";

 4.1.9.4 Assigning values to strings

 Código:

char protagonist[10] = "Frodo";

 4.1.9.5 Assigning values to strings
 Código:

char *hero = "Dumbledore";

 4.1.9.6 Assigning values to strings

 Código:

hero = "Sirius";
 4.1.9.7 Assigning values to strings
 Código:

strcpy(hero, "Pippin");

 4.1.9.8 LAB: Strings

 Código:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(void)
{
int i;

char IPAddress[20];
char IPAddressL3[20];
char IPAddressL2[10];
char IPAddressL1[5];

int part3Count = 0;
int part2Count = 0;
int part1Count = 0;
int partsCount = 0;
int actualCount = 0;

scanf("%s", IPAddress);
int isError = 0;
for (i=0 ; i<strlen(IPAddress) ; i++)
{
char c = IPAddress[i];
if (c >= '0' && c <= '9' || c == '.')
{
if (c=='.')
{
if(actualCount>3)
{
isError = 1;
break;
}
partsCount++;
if (partsCount>3)
{
isError = 1;
break;
}
if (partsCount == 2)
{
IPAddressL3[part3Count] = c;
part3Count++;
}
if (partsCount == 3)
{
IPAddressL3[part3Count] = c;
part3Count++;
IPAddressL2[part2Count] = c;
part2Count++;
 }
actualCount = 0;
}
else
{
if(partsCount==1)
{
IPAddressL3[part3Count] = c;
part3Count++;
}
if (partsCount == 2)
{
IPAddressL3[part3Count] = c;
part3Count++;
IPAddressL2[part2Count] = c;
part2Count++;
}
if (partsCount == 3)
{
IPAddressL3[part3Count] = c;
part3Count++;
IPAddressL2[part2Count] = c;
part2Count++;
IPAddressL1[part1Count] = c;
part1Count++;
}
actualCount++;
}

}
else
{
isError = 1;
 break;
}
}
if (isError)
puts("Error: not a valid address.");
else
{
IPAddressL3[part3Count] = '\0';
IPAddressL2[part2Count] = '\0';
IPAddressL1[part1Count] = '\0';
printf("Last 3 parts: %s\n", IPAddressL3);
printf("Last 2 parts: %s\n", IPAddressL2);
printf("Last 1 part: %s\n", IPAddressL1);
}
return 0;
}

 4.1.10.2 Processing strings

 Código:

int res;

res = puts("McGonagall");
puts("Saruman");
 4.1.10.3 Processing strings
 Código:

int printf(char *format, ...);

 4.1.10.4 Processing strings

 Código:

printf("%s and %s are the best\n", protagonist, hero);

 4.1.10.6 Processing strings
 Código:

int strlen(char *s);

 4.1.10.7 Processing strings

 Código:

char *strcpy(char *destination, char *source);

 4.1.10.8 Processing strings
 Código:

char *strncpy(char *destination, char *source, int n);

 4.1.10.9 Processing strings

 Código:

char *strcat(char *destination, char *source);

 4.1.10.10 LAB: Strings: advanced operations
 Código:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(void)
{
char word[256];
int i;
scanf("%s", word);
int length = strlen(word);
for(i=0 ; i < length/2 ; i++)
{
char c = word[i];
word[i] = word[length - i - 1];
word[length - i - 1] = c;
}
printf("%s\n", word);
return 0;
}