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Lab 1 (Image Basics)

This document discusses image processing in Python. It imports libraries for working with images and arrays. It loads an image of a dog, splits it into channels and regions, converts it to grayscale, and applies thresholds to extract features. NumPy arrays are used to represent color values and construct sample images for demonstration purposes. Key functions covered include imread, imshow, rgb2gray, and img_as_uint.

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Abdullah Afzal
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23 views

Lab 1 (Image Basics)

This document discusses image processing in Python. It imports libraries for working with images and arrays. It loads an image of a dog, splits it into channels and regions, converts it to grayscale, and applies thresholds to extract features. NumPy arrays are used to represent color values and construct sample images for demonstration purposes. Key functions covered include imread, imshow, rgb2gray, and img_as_uint.

Uploaded by

Abdullah Afzal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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11/16/23, 10:51 PM Lab 1 (Image Basics).

ipynb - Colaboratory

# First import the required Python Libraries


import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from skimage import img_as_uint
from skimage.io import imshow, imread
from skimage.color import rgb2hsv
from skimage.color import rgb2gray

An image can be thought of as a matrix where every pixel’s color is represented by a number on a scale.

array_1 = np.array([[255, 0],


[0, 255]])
imshow(array_1, cmap = 'gray');

/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/skimage/io/_plugins/matplotlib_plugin.py:150:
lo, hi, cmap = _get_display_range(image)

array_2 = np.array([[255, 0, 255],


[0, 255, 0],
[255, 0, 255]])
imshow(array_2, cmap = 'gray');

Although our examples were picking colors on the extreme end of the spectrum, we can also access any of the colors in between.

Remember that you do not have to manually encode each number!

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11/16/23, 10:51 PM Lab 1 (Image Basics).ipynb - Colaboratory
The below image was constructed with the use of the arange function of NumPy and created another image by getting the transpose of the first
one.

array_spectrum = np.array([np.arange(0,255,15),
np.arange(255,0,-15),
np.arange(0,255,15),
np.arange(255,0,-15)])
fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(12,4))
ax[0].imshow(array_spectrum, cmap = 'gray')
ax[0].set_title('Arange Generation')
ax[1].imshow(array_spectrum.T, cmap = 'gray')
ax[1].set_title('Transpose Generation');

# Color Matrix
array_colors = np.array([[[255, 0, 0],
[0, 255, 0],
[0, 0, 255]]])
imshow(array_colors);

doggo = imread('doggo.PNG')
imshow(doggo);
doggo.shape # height, width, channels

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11/16/23, 10:51 PM Lab 1 (Image Basics).ipynb - Colaboratory

(371, 369, 4)

fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 3,
figsize=(6,4),
sharey= True)

ax[0].imshow(doggo[:, 0:130])
ax[0].set_title('First Split')

ax[1].imshow(doggo[:, 130:260])
ax[1].set_title('Second Split')

ax[2].imshow(doggo[:, 260:390])
ax[2].set_title('Third Split');

imshow(doggo[95:250, 130:275]);

fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 3, figsize=(12,4), sharey = True)


ax[0].imshow(doggo[:,:,0], cmap='Reds')
ax[0].set_title('Red')
ax[1].imshow(doggo[:,:,1], cmap='Greens')
ax[1].set_title('Green')
ax[2].imshow(doggo[:,:,2], cmap='Blues')
ax[2].set_title('Blue');

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11/16/23, 10:51 PM Lab 1 (Image Basics).ipynb - Colaboratory

doggo_gray = rgb2gray(doggo)
fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 5, figsize=(17,6), sharey = True)
ax[0].imshow(doggo_gray, cmap = 'gray')
ax[0].set_title('Grayscale Original')
ax[1].imshow(img_as_uint(doggo_gray > 0.25),
cmap = 'gray')
ax[1].set_title('Greater than 0.25')
ax[2].imshow(img_as_uint(doggo_gray > 0.50),
cmap = 'gray')
ax[2].set_title('Greater than 0.50');
ax[3].imshow(img_as_uint(doggo_gray > 0.75),
cmap = 'gray')
ax[3].set_title('Greater than 0.75');
ax[4].imshow(img_as_uint(doggo_gray > np.mean(doggo_gray)),
cmap = 'gray')
ax[4].set_title('Greater than Mean');

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