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58 viewsClass 11 Mathematics Chapter Relation and Function
Uploaded by
jeya moorthyCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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/ 17
Relations and Functions
Quick Revision
Ordered Pair
Ifa pair of elements written in a small brackets and
grouped together in a particular order, then such a
pair is called ordered pair. The ordered pair of two
elements a and bis denoted by (a, 8), where a is
first element and # is second element.
‘Two ordered pairs (a, 8) and (c, d) are equal, if
their corresponding elements are equal ie. a = ¢
and b= d
Cartesian Products of Sets
For any two non-empty sets A and B, the set of all
ordered pairs (a, 6) of elements a Aand be B is
called the cartesian product of sets A and B and is
denoted by Ax B.
Thus, Ax B= {(a, 8):a¢ Aand be By
A= 60r B=6, then Ax B= 6
Note 4x B+ Bx A
Number of Elements in Carte:
Product of Two Sets
(i) If there are p elements in set A and q elements
in set B, then there will be pg elements in
AXB.
ie.if (A) = p and n(B)=4, then
n(Ax B)= py.
(i) If Aand B are non-empty sets and either A or
Bis an infinite set, then A x B will also be an
infinite set.
n
(ii) If 4 or Bis the null set or an empty set, then
Ax Bwill also be an empty set.
ie Ax B=6
Relations
Arelation R from a non-empty set Ato a
non-empty set B is a subset of the cartesian
product Ax Bie. RE AX B.
In(a, 8) ¢ Ax B, the second element is called the
image of first element. The set of al first elements
in a relation R, is called the domain of the relation
Rand the set of all second elements is called the
range of R, The set Bis called the codomain of
relation R.
‘Thus, if R = {(a, 6):a A, be Bh, then
domain (R) = {a : (a,8) €R)
and range (R)=(b : (4,6) € R}
Note If n(4) = m, n(B) = n, then n{A x B) = mnand
the total number of possible relations from set Ato
set B=
Representation of a Relation
Arelation can be represented algebraically by
roster form or by set-builder form and visually, it
can be represented by an arrow diagram.
(i) Roster form In this form, we represent the
relation by the set of all ordered pairs belongs
wR, (ii) Set-builder form In this form, we represent
the relation R from set A to set Bas
R= (a,b): a€ A, be Band the rule which
relate the elements of A and B}
Functions
A elation f from a non-empty set A to non-empty
set B is said to be function, if every element of set
Ahas one and only one image in set B.
If f isa function from a set A oa set B, then we
write f :A—> Band itis read as f is function from
Ato Bor f map Ato Banda, b)« f, then
f(a) =, where bis called image of under f and a
is called the pre-image of b under f.
Domain, Codomain and Range
of a Function
If :A— B, then the set Ais called the domain of
function f and the set B is called the codomain of f.
The subset of B containing the images of elements
of Ais called the range of the function.
Note Every function i
not true,
Real Functions
A function f:—+ Bis called a real valued
function, if B is a subset of R (set of all real
numbers). If A and B both are subsets of R, then f
is called a real function.
a relation but converse is
Types of Functions
(i) Identity function The function f:R—> R
defined by f(x) = x for each x € Ris called
identity function
Domain of f
and Range of f
(i) Constant function The function f:R > R
defined by f(x) =6,V xe R, where cis a
constant 2, is called a constant function.
Domain of f =
and Range of f = (¢)
(iii) Polynomial function A real function
RR defined by
Fle) =a + a,x + aye. a,x", where n isa
non-negative integer and dy, @ y @, +54, €R
foreach xe 8 stalled a polynontal faction.
Ifa, # 0, then nis called the degree of the
polynomial. The domain of a polynomial
function is R and range depends on the
polynomial representing the function.
(iv) Rational function A function of the form
Lis) fh where f(2) and g(x) are polynomial
glx)
functions of x defined in a domain and
1g() #0, is called a rational function.
(v) Modulus or Absolute value function
‘The real function f :R > R defined by
=x, fxd
i
if x20
is called the modulus function.
Domain of f = R,
Range of f = RU {0} ie. [0,-=)
(i) Signum funetion ‘The real function f :R—> R
defined by
flx)=|
oe) Ht, ite20
0, ifx=0
-l, ifx<0
=10, ifx=0
1 ifx>0
is called the signum function,
Domain of f = R; Range of f =(-1,0,1}
(vii) Greatest integer or Step function The real
function f :R—> R defined by f(x) =[x], is
called the greatest integer function, where [+] =
integral part of x or greatest integer less than
or equal to x.
Domain of f = R
Range of f = The set of all integers Objective Questions
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which of the following is an ordered
pair?
(al (p.q), p¢Pandgeo
(b) [p.g), pePandged
(c) {p.g), pePandgeo
(d) All of the above
2. The values of a and d, if ordered pair is
(2a -5, 4) =(5, b +6)
(a) -2,5 (b) 2.5,
(c} 5.2 (d) 5-2
3. If A={a,, a)} and B= (by, by, by, b,)
then A x Bis equal to
(a) (o,.b La 2.bo)
(b) {03,6 hl0,,02Moy.0,).(04.0 4)
(6) fo. hlay.b2h a,b Ma,bH
(d) {0.6 j:(0).b ). (0.6 2h(0},0,)(0,.b Mla. b.)
(a,b 3).lay.b 4)}
4, If A ={l, 2, 5,6} and B ={i, 2, 3}, then
what is (A x B) 0 (B x A) equal to?
(a) AVD2.1(6, 1.03.2 Ub) {0.9.02}. (2.12.20)
(c) (2.2 (2) (1.9.102102.5).12,8)
5. If A xB ={(a,1), (8,3), (a, 3),
(0, 1), (a, 2), (b, 2)). Then, A and Bis
fa) 32}and
(b)
(ec) b)andB={L2, 3)
(d) b, Nand B={0,b,2,3)
6. Let n(4) = m and n(B) =n. Then, the
(otal number of non-empty relations
that can be defined from A to Bis
(a) m” (b) n”
(c} ma—1 (a2
7. Let A= {a, b, ¢, d} and B= {x, y, z}. What
is the number of elements in Ax B?
(a) 6 (0)7
(c} 12 (d) 64
8. IfA=(1, 3, 6} and B= {x, 9), then
representation of cartesian products by
an arrow diagrams of A x Bis
1
3
6
A
1 1
(| 3 3 |
6 6
8 8
(a)
\v
9. If A= (1,2, 3, 4) and B = (5, 6, 7, 8),
then which of the following are
relations from A to B?
5) 2. 7.38)
208.74, 7
6,2). (3, 71.4, 7
(a)Allare correct
10. The figure shows a relation R between
the sets P and Q. ee
12.
13.
14,
15.
The relation R in Roster form is
(a) (9, 3).(4, 21, (25, 5),
(b) M8, ~3) (4, ~29.(25, -5)}
(ch (8, -3) 19, 5h (4, ~2).(4, 21.(25, -8). (25, 81.
(a) None of the above
‘The figure shows a relation R between
the sets P and Q.
‘The relation Rin Set-builder form is
(a) (wy):xePye0}
(0) fy):x€ 0.ye PY)
(c) (x y):xis the square of y. xeP, yeQ)
(d) {ix y):yis the square of x xe P, yeQ}
Ifarelation Ris defined on the set Z of
integers as follows
(a, b)e Reva” +b? = 25,
then domain (2) is equal to
(a) (5.4.5) (b) 10.34,5)
(c) (034445) (d) None of these
If A= [1, 2, 6} and Rbe the relation
defined on A by R={(a,8):a¢ Abe A
and a divides 6}, then range of Ris
equal to
(a) (1, 2} (b) {2, 6)
(ch 6.2.6) (4) None of these
Let A = (1, 2,3, 4} and B ={1, 4,9, 16, 25}
and R be a relation defined from A to B,
as R= ((x,y):x€ A, ye Band y = x*}, then
domain of Rand codomain of Ris
(a) 1, 2,3, 4Jand {1, 4, 9, 16, 25}
(b) (1,4, 9, 16, 25} and fl, 2,3, 4}
(c) (1. 2,3, 4] and {1, 2, 3,4, 9. 16, 25)
(4) None of the above
The inverse of the function
f(x) = log, (x + yx? +1)
(where, a <0, # I) is
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
(a) Jaro) {) not defined for all
(c) defined forx>0 —_{d) None of the above
If f(x) = 3x +10 and g(x) =x? —1, then
(fog)! is equal to
x-7)" +7)"
(2 ww (22)
(‘x-3)" x3)"
oF (3)
Is the given relation a function?
{(8, 3), (4, 2), (6, 1), (6, 0), (7, 7)}
(a) Yes {b) No
(c) cannot say (d) Insufficient data
‘There are three relations R,, R, and Ry
such that R, = (2,0, (3, 0(4, 2),
Ry = ((2 2), (2 4), (3 3), (4, 4} and
Ry ={(h, 2), (2 3), (3, 4), (4, 5), (6,6),
6,7)).
Then,
(a) R, and R, are functions
(b) Rp and R3 are functions
(c) Rand Rye functions
{d) Only Ryisa function
Domain of a” — x” (a >0)is
(a) (aa) {b) [-0,a]
(c) (0.0) (d) (-0.0)
Range of f(x)
wf]
(e) =I oft -)
f:R-(3} > Rbe defined by
27-9
flv 3 and g: R> Rbe defined
by g(x) =x +3. Then, f(x) and g(x) are
(a) Equal functions
(b) not equal (domains are same)
{e) not equal(domains are not same)
(d) None of the above 22. The domain and range of the real
function f defined by f(x) =
given by
(a) Domain=R, Range 4}
(b) Domain=R-{1},Range=R
23. The domain and range of the function
f given by f(x) =2—|x —5]is
(a) Oomain=R*, Range
(b) Gomain
(e} Domain
(4) Gomain
24. The domain of the function f, defined
by f( i
la) R (b) R®
(c) R (d) None of these
25. The range of the function f(x)=—~
lex
(a) (=<) (o) (1)
(a) (V=2, v2]
h of an identity function on Ris
27. If G represents the name of the function
in above graph, then Gis a/an
y
a
Keo x
6-420) 246
vl
(a) identity function
(b) constant function
(c) modulus function
(a) None of the above
28. The graph of the functions,
fx) =| - Qlis
(ad SK 1 SS
(c| (a)None of these
29. For each non-zero real number 2,
let f(x) =~.
fo=i
The range of f is
(a)a null set
(b)a set consisting of only one element
(c)a set consisting of two elements,
(d)a set consisting of infinitely many elements 30.
Which of the following options identify
the above graph?
(a) Modulus function
(b) Greatest integer function
(c} Signum function
(d) None of the above
31. If [x]? —5[x] +6 =0, where [-] denote
the greatest integer function, then
(a) xe[3.4l (0) xe3)
(c) xe[2, 3] (d) xe[2.4)
, £60
32. If f(x)=}x, 0Sx<1,
Loge
,
then the value of 1(3)is
2 tw fad (as
L 1
3. If f(x) =x° -—, then f(x} (2)
33. yovthen fla) +/(
(a) 0 (01
(c) 2 (d) not defined
34. Ify ~*, then log y at x =5is
(a) 321 (0) 234
(6) 125 (a) 128
lie 2x
35. If f(x) = log | — |, tn
f= (r22 ome 25
is equal to
(alfa Ab)cAts1®
(e240 (a3 0
Assertion-Reasoning MCOQs
Directions (@. Nos. 36-50) Each of these
questions contains two statements
Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Each of the
questions has four alternative choices, any
one of the which is the correct answer. You
have to select one of the codes (a), (b), (c) and
(d) given below.
{a} Aistrue, Ris true; Ris. correct
explanation of A.
() Ais true, Ris true: Ris not a correct
explanation of A.
{c) Ais true: Ris false.
(4) Aistalse: Ris true,
36. Assertion (A) If(x +1, y- 2) =(31),
then x=2and y=3
Reason (R) Two ordered pairs are
equal, if their corresponding elements
are equal
37. Assertion (A) The cartesian product
of two non-empty sets P and Q is
denoted as P x Q and
PxQ=((b, 9): peP,geQ).
Reason (R) If A = {red, blue} and
B=(b,¢, 5), then A x B= (red, b), (red,
0, (red, s), (blue, 8), (blue, ¢), (blue, s)).
38. Assertion (A) If (4x +3, y) = (3% +5, -2),
then x =2and y =-2.
Reason (R) If A =(-1, 3,4}, then A x A
is ((-L-), 3), (Hh 4), (3, -D,
(4-2, 13,
39. Assertion (A) If (x, 1), (y, 2) and (z, 1) are
in Ax Band n(4) = 3, n{B) = 2, then
A=(x, y,)and B= {L,Y}
Reason (R) If n(4) = 3 and (B) =
then nA xB) =6.
40. Assertion (A) Let 4 = {1, 2} and
B =(3, 4}. Then, number of relations
from Ato Bis 16.
Reason (R) If n(4) = p and n(B)
then number of relations is 2”. 41. Let A= (1, 2, 3, 4, 6}. If Ris the relation
on A defined by {(a, b) : a, be A, bis
exactly divisible by a}.
Assertion (A) The relation Rin Roster
form is {(6, 3), (6, 2), (4, 2)}.
Reason (R) The domain and range of R
is {l, 2,3, 4,6}
42. Consider the following statements
-2. 0
ta eee
| o =
1
y~——
Assertion (A) The figure shows a
relationship between the sets A and B.
Then, the relation in Set-builder form is
{lx y):y=4?, x, ye Nand -2< x 0is R
Reason (R) The range of the function
fl) =2? + 2is 2, «}
Assertion (A) Let 4 = (1, 2, 3, 5},
B=(4,6, 9} and R=((x, 9):[a— lis
odd, x € 4, y¢ B}. Then, domain of Ris
{1, 2, 3, 5}.
Reason (R)|x|is always positive Vx € R
Assertion (A) The domain of the real
function f defined by f(x) =x —lis
R-(I).
Reason (R) The range of the function
defined by f(x) = x —Tis (0, )
Assertion (A) If f(x) =x +4, then
x
vist! =) +34(4)
x
Reason (R) If f(x) =(x - a)*(x—6)*,
then f(a + d)is 0.
Assertion (A) If {: R-> Rand
g: R— Rare defined by f(x) = 2x +3
and g(x) =x” +7, then the values of x
such that g{f (x)} =8 are —Land 2.
Reason (R) If f: R-> Rbe given by
16-5
fls)+ fl-x)=1
for all x R, then Case Based MCOs
51. Method to Find the Sets When
Cartesian Product is Given
For finding these two sets, we write first
element of each ordered pair in first set
say Aand corresponding second
element in second set B (say).
Number of Elements in Cartesian
Product of Two Sets
If there are p elements in set A and q
elements in set B, then there will be py
elements in A x Bie. if'n(A) = p and
n(B) = 9, then n(A x B) = py.
Based on the above two topic, answer
the following questions.
(i) fA B = (a, 1), (4, 3), (a, 3),
(8,1), (a, 2), (2, 2)}. Then, A and Bare
(2){1,3.2.fa0) tb) fob).0.3)
(c) {0.6 ).{1.3.2} (d) None of these
(ii) Ifthe set A has 3 elements and set B
has 4 elements, then the number of
elements in A x B is
(a3 (0) 4
(7 (a2
(iii) A and B are two sets given in such a
way that A x B contains 6 elements.
If three elements of A x B are (1, 3),
(2, 5) and (3, 3), then A, B are
(2) (1,2.31,8,5) (0) (3.5..0,2.3)
()Q,2465,5) (0) 1,2,3, 15)
(iv) The remaining elements of Ax B
in (ii) is
(2)(5, 113, 24(5, 5)
(b) (1,5). (2, 34.8.5)
(c)(1, 545, 26,3)
(4) None of the above
(\) The cartesian product P x P has 16
elements among which are found
(a,1) and (4,2). Then, the set P is
(2) (a) (0) 0.2)
(c) {o.b,12} (d) {a.b,12,4)
52. Ordered Pairs The ordered pair of
two elements a and 6 is denoted by
(a,b): ais first element (or first
component) and 6 is second element (or
second component)
‘Two ordered pairs are equal if their
corresponding elements are equal.
ie.(a,6)=(qd) => a=c and b=d
Cartesian Product of Two Sets For
two non-empty sets A and B, the
cartesian product A x Bis the set of all
ordered pairs of elements from sets
Aand B.
In symbolic form, it can be written as
AxB=((a,b):a€ 4b eB)
Based on the above topics, answer the
following questions.
(i) If(a—3, 8 +7) = (3, 7), then the
value of a and } are
(a) 6,0 {b) 3,7
(c) 7,0 {d) 3,-7
(ii) If (x +6, y - 2) =(0, 6), then the
value of and y are
(2) 6,8 (b) -6,-8
(c) -6.8 (d) 6-8
(iii) If (x +2, 4) = (5, 2x +5), then the
value of x and y are
(a) -32 (b) 3.2
(c) -3-2 (d) 3-2
(iv) Let A and B be two sets such that
A x B consists of 6 elements. If three
elements of A x Bare (I, 4), (2, 6)
and (3, 6), then
(2) (4x8) =(8xA)
(0) (Ax8) 418A)
(c) AxB =1(.4(,6).2.40
() None of the above
(v) Ifn{A x B) = 45, then n(4) cannot be
(a) 15 (b) 17
(c)5 (a) 53. Representation of a Relation
A relation can be represented
algebraically by roster form or by
set-builder form and visually it can be
represented by an arrow diagram which
are given below
(i) Roster form In this form, we
represent the relation by the set of
all ordered pairs belongs to R.
(ii) Set-builder form In this form, we
represent the relation R from set A
to set Bas R={(a,b):ae Abe B
and the rule which relate the
elements of A and B}
(iii) Arrow diagram To represent a
relation by an arrow diagram, we
draw arrows from first element to
second element of all ordered pairs
belonging to relation R.
Based on the above topics, answer the
following questions.
(i) Expression of
R= ((a,b):2a+b =5 a,beW) as the
set of ordered pairs (in roster form)
is
(a) R= 5.0113, 11.0.2
(b) R=H0,5)(0,3),(1, 20
(c) R=M0, 61.11, 3).(2, 1
(d) None of the above
(ii) The relation between sets P and Q
given by an arrow diagram in roster
form will be
(2) R=(8,3,(9,~3,44.2) 4-2) (25,5)125,~5)}
(b) R=H8, 3) (4, 2) (25, 5))
(c) R=(8.-3)(4,-2)(25,-5)}
(a) None of the above
(iii) The relation given in (ii) can be
written in set builder form as
(2) R=(bx yi:xeP,y€Q and xis the
square of y}
(0) R=llx yi:xeP.yeQand yis the
square of 2}
{c) R=(lx.yl:xe Pye Qandx=ty)
(d} None of the above
(iv) If A= {a 6} and B = {2, 3}, then the
number of relations from A to Bis
(14 b)8 (lB) 16
(v) Ifn(A) = 3and B = {2, 3, 4,6, 7, 8},
then the number of relations from A
to Bis
(a)2>—(b)2® fe) 2" (a) 2°
54, Function as a Relation A relation f
from a non-empty set A (o a non-empty
set B is said to be a function, if every
element of set A has one and only one
image in set B.
In other words, we can say that a
function f is a relation from a
non-empty set A to a non-empty set B
such that the domain of f is A and no
‘vo distinct ordered paits in f have the
same first element or component.
If f is a function from a set A toa set B,
then we write
fid> Bord oB
and itis read as f is a function from A to
Bor f maps Ato B.
Based on the above topic, answer the
following questions.
(i) The given curve is a
y (a) Function
(b) Relation
(c) Cant say anything
(a) Data not sufficient
(ii) The given curve is a
y
x is x
7
(2) Function
(b) Relation
(c) Gantt say anything
(4) Data not sufficient
(iii) IF f(x)
+ 2x + 3, then among
‘fll f(2) and f(3), which one gives
the maximum value.
(a) rt) (o)ft2)
(c) 13) (a) = r21=113)
(iv) If f(+ x) =x? +1 then f(2-A)is
(a) -2h4+2 {b) h? -2n+1
(c) h? -2n-2 (d) W +2h42
(\) IF fle) = 7p then range (f) is
equal to
(iu wf 5
o) i
ANSWERS
Multiple Choice Questions
L@ 2@ 3 40 50 6 720 &@ %2@
© 20 B@ w@ B@ 16 @) 17 @ 1% 19 0)
21 () 22 23.0) 24) 25.) 26. (@) 27.) 28 (a) 2 ©
3h (0) 32 @ 3% @ 34M 35. ©
Assertion-Reasoning MCOs
36. (@) 37. @) 3%) 39.0) %@) 4. 2@ BO HO
46. (d) 47. (6) 8. 49. (50.
Case Based MCOs
51. ()-(0) (i) - A) Mi -(@: (0) - ); ()-
53. (D-(0) GD (a); (i) -(@): (0) - (@;
52. (0 (a) (i) - (0) iD - ; tv) - 0); 0) @)
54. (- 0); (1) -(@); Gt) -(0) tv) -(@); )- (©)
410,
20.
30.
45.
o
o
o
o x
w
SOLUTIONS
‘We know that, an ordered pair of elements
taken from any two sets P and Q is a pair
of elements written in small brackets and
‘grouped together in a particular order,
ie (A gh pe Pandg x(y+t]= ally)
Ally)
al
assumes real values, ify +1#Oie. y#—L
~tl)
We have, f(x)=2-|x-5]
(2) is defined for all x € R
= Domain of f=
We know that,
|x-5|20-|x-5|s092-|x—5]s2
flx)s2
Range of f = (== 2]
We have, (3)
where, x =|]
(-x)
aa
veel
is not defined for x € R.
Hence, f is not defined for any xe R.
We have, f(x) =
ee
fixl=y
ea
Let,
“Tea?
= byt ysxsytoety=0 assumes real values, if A> 0
(1)? -4() (9) 20
= 1-4y?20
= ayi-1so
= +H%y-1s0
= re[-
Range of f =[ ; 4
26. Let R be the set of real numbers. Define the
real valued function f :R— Rby
y= fl2) =x for each ve R
Such a function is called the identity function.
Here, the domain and range of f are R. The
‘graph is a straight line as shown in figure
given below, It passes through the origin.
ve
36-8
.
27. Constant function Define the function
FR Roy y= f(s) =o x R where cis @
constant.
Here, domain of f is R and its range is (¢
Y
8
6
4
2
Keo er}
S6430 2466
2
4
6
3
x
eg. The graph of f(x) = is a line passing
through (0, 3) and parallel to X-axis,
28.
29.
30.
31.
Sls) =|x-2]
x42 x82
ach x22
We have, f(x)
if
ie. fla)=]*
if e<0
‘Thus, range of f = (I, —I}.
Greatest integer function The function
f:R Redetined by f (x) =[2], x R
‘assumes the value of the greatest integer, less
than or equal to x. Such a function is called
the greatest integer function.
From the definition of[x} we can see that
lfor-1sx<0
for 0sx<1
forex <2
[x]=2for 2< x < Sand so on,
“The graph of the function is given in the
question
We have, [x]? ~5[x]+6=0
= bP -ae]-2he] +60
= [sl(lx]-3)- 2lx]~3) =0
= (lsl-3) (s]-2)=0
+ ifx>0 33.
38.
37.
Given, f(x)=3°
1)-
roi+r(4)
2}loge
-2
5°—2=125-2
Wehwe, (3)=Hoe, (122)
3)
ke log a = dlog a
=2f(x)
Assertion Two ordered pairs are equal, if
and only if the corresponding first elements
are equal and the second elements are also
equal.
Given, (x +1, y-2)=(3
‘Then, by the definition
x+1=3 and y~
Hence, Assertion and Reason both are true and.
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Assertion P and Q are two non-empty sets.
‘The cartesian product P xQ is the set of all
ordered pairs of elements from P and Q, i.
PxQ=((p9): peP and geQ)
40.
4.
Reason Now, 4= {red, blue}, B=
Ax B= Set of all ordered pairs
{{red, 5), (red, c), (red, s), (blue, 4),
(blue, ¢), (blue, 3))
Hence, Assertion and Reason both are true and
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Assertion Given, (4+ y) =(9 + 5-2)
“Two ordered pairs are equal when their
corresponding elements are equal
324+ 5and y=
rs)
-1,3 4)
(1, ~1), (~L 3}, (=, 4), (3 =D
(3,3), (8 4), (4, 1), (4, 3), (4 4))
*. Assertion is true and Reason is false.
Axe
t of first elements = {x, 9, 2)
1)
Hence, Assertion and Reason both are true
and Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
Assertion The total number of relation that
can be defined from a set 4 to a set Bis the
‘number of possible subset of A xB. If
n(A) = p and n(B) =49, then nA x B) = fig and
the total number of relation is 2°”
Given, A=(1, 2 and B=(3,4)
Ax B=[(l, 3), (1, 4), (2 3), (2 4)
Since, nA x B) = 4, the number of subsets of
Ax Bis 2, Therefore, the number of relation
from A to B will be 2 =16.
Hence, Assertion and Reason both are true and
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Assertion In Roster form R= ((1, 1), (1,2)
(1,3), (4), (1, 6), (25 4), 2, 6), (2, 2), (4, 4),
(6, 6), (3, 3), (3, 6))
Reason Domain of R= Set of first element
of ordered paits in R=(1, 2.3 4,6)
Range of R= (1, 2,8, 4, 6}
Hence, Assertion is false, Reason is true. 42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
Assertion In Se-builder form,
Rea((x,y):7=27, my eZ and-2s x59
fr 0eN]
Reason The relation shown in figure is
represented in Roster form as
R=((-2 4), (“1 0, (0, 0), (40. (2 4))
We observe that, second element of each
ordered pair is the square of first element.
Hence, Assertion is false, Reason is true
Assertion The given relation in Roster form
R=((0, 5), (1,6), (2,7), (3.8), (4,9), (5,10))
Domain of R=(0,1, 23,4, 5)
Reason Range of RK =(5, 6,7, 8,9, 10)
Hence, Assertion is true, Reason is false
Assertion The given relation in Roster form
is, R={(3, 5), (4,6), (5,7), (6,8), (7,9),
(8,10), (9,1)
Domain of R=(3 4, 56,7, 8,9)
So, Ais true.
Reason Range of R ={5,6, 7,8, 9, 10,11)
So, Ris false.
Hence, Assertion is true, Reason is false
Assertion In arrow diagram, every element
of P has its unique image in Q So, it
represent a function.
Reason Domain of f = R - (2.
Domain of,
D,#D,
‘We know that, two funetions are equal when
their domain and range are equal and same
element in their domain produce same image.
fee
Hence, Assertion is true and Reason is false.
Assertion We have,
f(x) =2- 3% rE Rx>0
Let f(x) =,then
20=32-y>0— Q>y
3 yer
Hence, range of f =(- = 2)
Reason Now, f(x) = x7 +2
Let y = f(x), then
yaat +22 x= qyod
sx assumes real values, if y~ 220
= y22>7e[2 =)
z. Range of f =[2 =]
Hence, Assertion is false, Reason is true
Assertion Given,
R=((x,9):[¥—ylis odd, xe A,y ©)
‘The relation Rin Roster form is
R=((l, 4), (1,6), (29), (8 4), (3.6),
(5, 4), (5,6))
47.
:. Domain of R= (1, 2,3 5)
So, Ais true,
Reason It is also true |x] is always positive
Hence, Assertion and Reason both are true
and Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion
Assertion We have, f(x) =
f(x) is defined, ifx-120ie. x21
*: Domain of f =| =)
Hence, A is incorrect.
Reason Let f(x) =
‘Then, yale
* eel
e-Range of f =[0, =).
Hence, Assertion is false, Reason is true
49. Assertion Given,
48.
fiers
Slsthad +5,
Yor -(« + y
ee healer)
=f(e')4+3 fla)
-serear(2)
ss] Reason Now, we have,
Fflx)= (2-4)? (2-5)?
fla +b)=(a+b-a)? (a+ b-a)?
Hence, Assertion is true, Reason is false
50. Assertion We have,
Sf (s]= 20+ g()ax +7
alf (a)
= gl2x+3
= (eta
(2x + 3)
a
+20 alae
asa
A
Fat,
i
ad 4
=H 44
Ai+20 442-4"
-* ,2
Fea Peo
442
+2
Hence, Assertion is false, Reason is tue.
51. (i) Here, first clement of each ordered pair of
Ax Bgives the elements of set A and
corresponding second element gives the
elements of se B
A=(a,6) and B=(1, 39}
Note We write each element only one time
in set, iit occurs more than one time.
(i) Given, (4) = 3andn (B) = 4.
«The number of elements in AXB is
n (AxB) =n(4) xn(B) = 3x4 =12
Fla)+ f(a) =—
(ii) Itis given that (1, 3), (2, 5) and (3, 3) are in
‘Ax. It follows that 1,2, 3 are elements of
Aand 3, 5 are elements of B.
2.3) and B= (3,9)
29 and B=(3 5)
23x13 9
(3 3),(3, 5)
Hence, the remaining elements of (A xB)
are (1, 5),(23), (3,5).
(v) Given, Px P)=16
= P)nP)=16
= WP)=4 i)
Now,as (al) PxP
aePandleP
Again, (6,2) PxP
From Eq, (i) itis clear that P has exactly
four elements.
52. (i) We know that, two ordered pairs are equal,
if their corresponding elements are equal.
(a-3b+7)=(37)a-3=3
and b47=7
[equating corresponding elements}
AaQvtyaa=dxBey
= ya4-6=
iv) Since, (1, 4), (2,6) and (3, 6) are elements of
‘Ax B, it follows that 1, 2, 3 are elements of
Aand 4, 6 are elements of B. It is given that
‘Ax Bhas 6 elements.
So, A=(1, 2.3) and B= (4, 6)
Hence, Ax B= (1,2 3) x(4, 6)
=((L 4), 1.6) (2 4),(2.6),
(3 4), (3,6) and Bx A=(4,6} (1,23)
= (04), (4, 2), (4, 3), (6,1),
(6, 2), (6, 3))
{v) We have,
=
= nA) and n{B) are factors of 45 such that
their product is 45,
Here, n() cannot be 17
53. (i) Given, R=((a,8):20 + b= 5.4, beW)
Here, W represent set of whole numbers.
When
When
When a=2b=
Fora > & the value of given by the above
relation are not whole numbers.
R= (0,5) (13)(20)
{@) From arrow diagram, we have
4,25)
and Q=(54,821-2-a-5
Here, the relation Ris ‘xis the square of
where xe Pand y €Q.
can be written as
= 3) (4,2) (4-2
(25,5) (25 ~5))
iii) In set-builder form, R can be written as
Re{(s y)ixeP, yeQ
and x is the square of 9}
(iv) We have, A=(a, 8) and B=(2, 3,
Tn roster form
R=,
Now, number of subsets of A xB
=16
‘Thus, the number of relations from A to B
is 16.
(v) Given, m4)
and B
= (B) =6
©. Number of relations from A toB
anal eala)
=P*ea gt
1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8)
54, (i) Ifwe draw a vertical line, then it will
intersect the curve at two points. It shows
that given curve is a relation,
(ii) If we draw a vertical line, then it will
intersect the curve at only one point. It
shows that given curve is a function,
lala 42543)
(i) We have,
fll) =()? + M43
putting x =1 in Eq. (i)
#1424326
F(2)= (2) +2) +3
[putting x = 2in Eq. (i)]
=44443
F(3) =(3)? + 3)+3
[putting x =3in Eq. i]
=946+3=18
(iv) Wehave, fll+s)=a?+1 ti)
On substituting x =(1|~ A) in Eq, (), we get
fl 1—A) =A} 4
f(2-B) =14 8 2h 12k? hs 2
(¥) Weknow that, =1
