Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VIII-Eastern Visayas
Schools Division of Northern Samar
PAMBUJAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Pambujan, northern Samar

Module 1 :
Integrative Arts as Applied to Contemporary Art
The learner demonstrates: appreciation of contemporary art forms, found
Content Standard
in the various regions by understanding the elements and principles
The learner:
presents a form of integrated contemporary art based on the region
Performance Standard of his / her choice. (e.g. choreography, musical instrument, literary
and music composition, visual design, and/or theatrical
performance)
Identifies various contemporary art forms and their practices from the
Most Essential Learning various regions. CAR11/12IAC-0a-1
Competencies
Classifies various art forms found in the Philippines. CAR11/12IAC-0b-2
1. Contemporary Visual Arts in the Philippines
1.1 Art: Meaning and its Visual Elements
Lesson 1.2 Painting
1.3 Sculpture and other forms of Visual Arts
1.4 Architecture

Lesson 1: Contemporary Visual Arts in the Philippines

Topic 1.4: Architecture

Architecture
- One of the most functional branches of the visual arts
- Involves designing the form of the building while allowing to serve its function
- Considered to be the “art to inhabit”.

Forms of Contemporary Architecture

Domestic Buildings Apartment
and Houses - A building composed of many residences called units
- Usually built in populated urban areas.
- Condominiums were developed because of the
increased power of the population and in order to
maximize the use of space.

Q3_MODULE 1: INTEGRATIVE ART AS APPLIED TO CONTEMPORARY ART | Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region (CPAR)
 Bahay na Bato
- Built in many areas during the 19th and 20th
centuries, and considered to be the residence of the
wealthy.
- A typical two-story generally has a ground floor that
is made of brick or stone, and has a wooden upper
level. The windows at the level have grilles, while
the windows at the upper level have a sliding
shutters. The roof slants on four sides.
- The features of bahay na bato may be different in
every region

Barong-barong
- Houses of the landless ppor that are built on any
land or area.
- Usually found near the esteros, riverbanks, and
bayshores; spaces along high walls, railroad track;

Q3_MODULE 1: INTEGRATIVE ART AS APPLIED TO CONTEMPORARY ART | Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region (CPAR)
 spaces near abandoned building, and garbage
dumps; or any vacant lot. Some built under bridges.

Bungalow
- A one-story house with a wide front porch and large windows.
- It may also have a terrace, which may be roofed or not.

Ethnic Houses Bahay Kubo

- Considered as an ethnic house of Christian peasant
families living in the lowland areas.
- Typically owned by families belonging in low
income groups
- Has pile construction and a roof sliding in all sides,
which is typical in a traditional ethnic house.
However, it has sliding windows for ventilations

Q3_MODULE 1: INTEGRATIVE ART AS APPLIED TO CONTEMPORARY ART | Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region (CPAR)
 Houseboat
- Basically a boat that also serves as a dwelling.
- The Badjaos or Sama Laut typically reside in
houseboats.

One-and-a-Half Story House

- Characterized by an upper level or story covering just a half of the lower
level.
- May also become a split-level house if half of the ground level is higher in
such a way that is halfway between the ground level and the upper level.

Q3_MODULE 1: INTEGRATIVE ART AS APPLIED TO CONTEMPORARY ART | Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region (CPAR)
Split-level House
- In the Philippines has two main levels.
- The lower houses the kitchen, living and dining areas, while the upper level
has the bedrooms
- These levels are separated by about half or less-half a story.

Tsalet
- Philippine tsalet refers to suburban house that has one story, a two-story
house with living quarters on the upper level, or elevated one- story house.
- The term came from the term “chalet” – a peasant house in Switzerland that
has upper levels jutting over the lower levels, a steep roof and a decorated
gable.

Commercial Market (Palengke)

Buildings - A place or a building for buying and selling goods.
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 -
Also referred to as tindahan, and tiangge
-
Nowadays it evolved into the supermarket – which
puts the wet market and the grocery together in the
same complex.
- The mall or galleria is considered a more recent
evolved form of the palengke. The mall refers to a
one- or multiple-story building or a square filled
with shops.
Buildings that house banks, business offices, and factories
- These buildings, especially those created during the
1950’s have plain wall surfaces and large windows.
- These also have bold rectangular forms and clean
lines.
- There are even some buildings that do not exhibit
symmetry of form.

Government Capitol (Kapitolyo)

Buildings - The building of the provincial government.
- Most of kapitolyo in the country use columns and
pediments in the exterior of the building.

Town Hall (Munisipyo)

- Characterized by an upper level or story covering
just a half of the lower level.
Q3_MODULE 1: INTEGRATIVE ART AS APPLIED TO CONTEMPORARY ART | Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region (CPAR)
 - The offices of the mayor, the municipal council, the
municipal court and jail, and other important offices
such as the municipal registrar’s office are located
here.
- There are some instances, however, when the
municipal court and jail are house in a separate
building called the tribunal.

Public Buildings and School (Eskwelahan)

Structures - A place where young people are educated to become
productive members of the community.
- the most common style is American-influenced –
which featured a concrete structure elevated on
stilts.
- This building have windows with awnings that
would give the entire building good ventilations.
- The classrooms in the building are linked together
by veranda located both at the front and rear part of
the building
Kamalig
- is the Tagalog term for building used for storing grain.
- Considered to be the most economically significant structure among the
tribes in Northern Philippines.
- Typically raised from the ground and is being protected from rats and pests.
- In some provinces, especially those in the lowland areas, the bahay kubo or
nipa hut can be used as a form of kamalig.
- Nowadays, warehouses made in galvanize- iron sheets and steel frames are
built by the government for storing grain brought from local farmers or from
other countries. The entrance of this huge long building is located at the
center of the long side.

Q3_MODULE 1: INTEGRATIVE ART AS APPLIED TO CONTEMPORARY ART | Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region (CPAR)
Masjid
- Or a mosque is a place of worship of the Muslims.
- A typical Philippine mosque has the following features:
➢ A tower called minaret
➢ A prayer niche called mihrab the dome
➢ Arches that are reinforced with pillars
➢ A pulpit called mimbar
However a mimbar is compared to the mimbar in the Africa and
Western Asian mosques
Most minarets are not being used for the call to prayer because this is
usually done inside the mosque.
- There are benches placed outside the mosque where everyone may sit and
talk while waiting.
- One can see the crescent and star ornament in almost every corner of the
mosque, as well as the okir carving and other motifs.

Q3_MODULE 1: INTEGRATIVE ART AS APPLIED TO CONTEMPORARY ART | Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region (CPAR)
Cemetery (Sementeryo)
- A place where people bury the dead.
- has other names such as kampo santo, pantyon, and libingan.
- had a small chapel and vaults or nichos surrounding the chapel.
- Late, mausoleums were developed and used by the wealthy.
- Nowadays, memorial parks – which have a wide green areas covering the
vaults, and columbarium, which are building for storing cremated remains,
are developed.

Church (Simbahan) Roman Catholic Churches

- a place of - typically built during the Spanish colonial period
worship for a has the “earthquake Baroque” style – this style
Christian characterized by having a separate bell-tower from
congregation the church façade, and stronger walls with
. buttresses. These features, as the name of the style
- how a church implies, are helpful in avoiding severe damage
was designed during earthquakes.
usually - However, the detached bell-tower is more common
depends on in churches in the Ilocos region than the Visayan
the religious region. The dome is usually hemispherical and rests
denominatio on cylindrical structure with the same diameter.
n it belongs. - However, churches built during the late 19th century
show a different architectural style, fusing later
styles with usual “earthquake Baroque” style. A
good example is the church of San Sebastian in
Manila.

Aglipayan Churches
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 - The Iglesia Filipina Independiente, or more popularly
known as the Aglipayan church, is an offshoot of the
Roman Catholic Church, most of its churches have
the same style with Roman Catholic churches.
- However, there are some Aglipayan churches that
have a contemporary architectural style, such as the
Cathedral of the Holy Child in Manila.

Protestant Churches
- Mostly have the Neogothic architectural style –
meaning rib vaults and pointed arches can be seen
in the structure.
- Stained glass windows were also used to add
colorful effects brought about by the sun’s rays.

Iglesia ni Cristo (INC) Churches

- A typical façade of INC has a triangular arch that is
lined with tall slender towers. There are two
additional towers at the rear part of the church.
These towers and spires are ornamented with

Q3_MODULE 1: INTEGRATIVE ART AS APPLIED TO CONTEMPORARY ART | Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region (CPAR)
 openwork (e.g., creating gaps or holes through the
solid material). The entrance has a wavelike canopy.
Galleries connect the front and the rear part of the
church.

Movie House (Sinehan)

- A place where people watch films or motion pictures.
- Used to be a separate building and considered as a landmark in a community.
- However, there are now movie houses that are part of the structure of
shopping malls. These movie houses inside the malls are smaller than the
separate sinehan. This is not only prevalent in Metro Manila, but also in
provincial urban centers.

Theatre (Teatro)
- A building intended for dance, musical, and theatrical presentations
- Different from an auditorium – because teatro is essentially a separate
building compared to the former.

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Manila Metropolitan Theater

Other Forms and Structures

Fort (Kuta)
- Structures that are built to defend a community against enemies.
- Usually found in areas with natural barriers, such as cliff, hills, narrow passes,
mountains, and waters.

Fort Santiago
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 Lighthouse (Parola)
- A structure built on an island, peninsula, or rock to ensure that ships will be able to
pass through a narrow area safely.

Bridge (Tulay)
- A horizontal structure that serves as a passageway between two areas separated by
a body of water, a hollow area, or a road.
- During 1960’s and 1980’s, more bridges and elevated roads were built in order to
connect islands and to facilitate faster travel even in a flood-prone areas, thanks to
improved techniques in engineering and use of reinforced concrete.

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Q3_MODULE 1: INTEGRATIVE ART AS APPLIED TO CONTEMPORARY ART | Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region (CPAR)