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 PRACTICE BOOK» NOT FOR SALE
Contents

1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
 1. ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY

NARAYAN CHANGDER
1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY
1. The abundance of natural resources helped 4. Which are advantages of economic unions?
the US and Canada develop diversified A. Decreased trade, economic decline,
economies. and political conflict
A. True B. Isolation from global economy, re-
B. False duced economic growth, and lack of polit-
ical cooperation
2. Gentrification is MOST likely to take place
C. Limited access to resources, de-
A. in developing countries. creased economic opportunities, and in-
B. in bedroom communities. creased political tension
C. in rural hamlets. D. Access to larger markets, more effi-
D. in inner-city areas. cient industries, and greater influence on
the world market
3. Which level of economic development are
countries where people are beginning to 5. What type of country has a majority of
move from rural to urban areas in search people with a high standard of living?
of factory jobs? A. Newly Industrialized Countries (NIC)
B. Less Developed Countries (LDC)
C. More Developed Countries (MDC)
D. None of these options
6. The ability of a job to create more unre-
lated jobs
A. More Developed A. Urbanization
B. Newly Industrialized B. Offshoring
C. Less Developed C. Multiplier Effect
D. none of above D. Outsourcing

1. A 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. C
1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 3

7. Economic Sectors:Revolve around extract-

ing natural resources from the earth.

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A. Primary Sector
B. Secondary Sector
C. Tertiary Sector
A. push factor
D. Quarternary Sector
B. pull factor
E. Quinary Sector
13. A system that lets competition among busi-
8. Products that are sold overseas, are sold nesses determine the price of products
on the market.
A. market economy
A. import
B. command economy
B. export
C. free enterprise
C. home D. traditional economy
D. national
14. The main advantage of having a market
9. Factors that influence population distribu- economy is:
tion include-
A. Climate, natural resources, economic
opportunities, and government policy
B. Number of lakes in the region
C. Distance from the equator
D. Height of the mountains
A. Competition lowers prices and im-
10. In a economy, the government owns proves products
or directs the means of production and con-
trols the distribution of goods. B. The government sets fair prices
C. Monopolies never happen
A. market
D. Everyone gets to live on a farm
B. traditional
C. mixed 15. If one dollar is 290 forints now, but a
week ago it was 300 forints, did the forint
D. command get stronger or weaker?
11. The major difference between govern- A. Stronger
ments are the power and rights that the B. Weaker
citizens have:
16. Select all problems that are faced by Large-
A. True
scale commercial farming.
B. False
A. Plant research discontinued.
12. In 1899 many settlers rushed to Alaska to B. Production costs increased (seeds,
search for gold in hopes of getting rich. fertilisers, irrigation water, etc)

7. A 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. A 16. B 16. C 16. D 17. B
1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 4

C. Government assistance and subsidies B. Oil refining

have been withdrawn C. Unemployment
D. Low value products have been cut
D. Disease
17. If a country has a LOW life expectancy it E. Theft
is likely that they have a LOW standard of
living. 22. Countries where many people work in re-
search and development are in this level of
A. false
economic development.

NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. true

18. Economic Sectors:A pediatric nurse is an

example of
A. Primary Sector
B. Secondary Sector
C. Tertiary Sector
D. Quarternary Sector
A. More Developed
E. Quinary Sector
B. Newly Industrialized
19. Factories and workshops create manufac-
C. Less Developed
tured goods. They are a part of the
D. none of above
A. Primary Sector
B. Secondary Sector 23. Which of the following is NOT a character-
istic of a Command Economy?
C. Tertiary Sector
D. none of above A. Capital and land can’t be privately
owned
20. Better education-provision is better and B. No Government interference
more accessible is a
C. General absence of competition
D. Production & pricing planned by
agency of the government

24. What is the basic support system needed

to keep an economy going called?
A. economic activity
B. infrastructure
C. Gross Domestic Product
A. push factor D. Skills of workers
B. pull factor
25. What was the primary reason for estab-
21. What are the largest economic issues in lishing the Organization of Petroleum Ex-
South Africa? porting Countries (OPEC)?
A. Inequality A. Regulating global market prices of oil

18. C 19. B 20. B 21. A 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. A
1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 5

B. Increasing underwater exploration of B. Secondary

oil
C. Tertiary

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C. Limiting revenue growth from oil sales
D. none of above
D. Expanding oil production quotas
31. Free enterprise is the basis of
26. Which of the following countries is not a
member of BRICS? A. Capitalism
A. South Korea B. Traditional/ Subsistence Economies
B. Brazil C. A Command Economy
C. India D. All of these options
D. Russia
32. There is little government interference or
27. If Country B has a high growth rate, low regulation.
literacy rate, and largely primary level eco- A. Socialist (Mixed) Economy
nomic activity, then it is
B. Free Enterprise (Free Mar-
A. developing
ket/Capitalist) Economy
B. in transition
C. Communist (Command) Economy
C. developed
D. Traditional Economy
D. in North Africa
33. Sending messages through electronic im-
28. What are some push factors that cause a
pulses using telephones, televisions, radio,
person to leave a region?
and the internet are examples of
A. Abundance of job opportunities and
economic stability A. telecommunications

B. Strong community and family ties B. technocoding

C. Political instability, economic hardship, C. social media
lack of job opportunities, natural disas- D. instant messaging
ters, conflict or war
D. Access to quality education and health- 34. Population growth tends to be slower in
care A. Developed countries
29. What are the areas of greatest concern B. Developing countries
when using nuclear energy? Check all that C. None (it’s the same
apply.
D. none of above
A. High cost of construction
B. Accidents or meltdowns 35. A country might place a limit or on an-
C. Nuclear proliferation other country to weaken their economy.

D. Radioactive waste disposal A. Embargo

B. Tariff
30. FARMING is an example of which industry
sector? C. Quota
A. Primary D. none of above

27. A 28. C 29. B 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. A 35. C 36. B
1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 6

36. Are landfills compatible or incompatible 42. Changes in technology, transportation,

with neighborhoods? and communication can affect the location
and patterns of economic activities.
A. compatible
A. True
B. incompatible
B. False
37. The production of a commodity by a coun-
43. Which sector is this?
try with the most favorable ratio of ad-
vantage, when contrasted with other coun-

NARAYAN CHANGDER
tries, is known as a(n):
A. comparative advantage
B. tertiary advantage
C. peripheral advantage
D. Rostow advantage
E. commodity advantage A. Primary sector
B. Secondary sector
38. In a Subsistence farm the produce are
C. Tertiary sector
eaten by the family.
D. none of above
A. True
44. At land use one (1), which would be most
B. False
likely to be produced?
39. What is the application of science to indus-
try?
A. scientology
B. economics
C. technology
D. industrial revolution
A. strawberries
40. secretary
B. corn
A. white collar C. cattler
B. blue collar D. soybeans

41. These resources cannot be replaced once E. tea

they have been removed from the ground-
45. Which of the following wonders is located
metals and fossil fuels.
in India?
A. Nonrenewable Resources A. Taj Mahal
B. Renewable B. Machu Picchu
C. Inexhaustible energy sources C. Petra
D. Recyclable Resources D. Arc de Triomphe

37. A 38. A 39. C 40. A 41. A 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. A 46. D 47. A
1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 7

46. What is an example of a tertiary industry? 51. What type of economic activity is this
A. Construction

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B. Manufacturing
C. Agriculture
D. Retail

47. Which factors are unfavourable for the A. Primary Sector

mining industry in SA?
B. Secondary Sector
A. The increased cost of mining
C. Tertiary Sector
B. Competition from other countries and D. Quaternary Sector
the fluctuation in demand for minerals and
the price of minerals 52. Which country’s agriculture is considered
the most effectively organized in Europe?
C. Weak South African rand when import-
ing specialised machinery A. Older brother
B. France
D. Cost of labour and labour unrest
C. Virtue
48. What are the 3 statistics that create HDI D. Netherlands
(Human Development Index)?
53. Name the IDZ found in the SWC industrial
A. GDP per capita regions along the west coast.
B. Literacy rate A. GEAR
C. Life expectancy B. With tissue

D. all of the above C. Saldanha

D. Fish River
49. A poorly planned development and expan-
54. Which of these economic activities can be
sion that spreads a city’s population over
classified in both primary & secondary sec-
a wider and wider geographic area away
tors?
from urban areas is
A. Construction
A. industrialization
B. Energy
B. urban sprawl
C. Mining
C. urbanization D. Stockbreeding
D. metropolitan area
55. Service-based economies are focused on
all of the following EXCEPT:
50. The exchange of goods and services
A. telecommunications
A. trade
B. tourism
B. market C. marketing
C. economics D. sales
D. consumer E. mining

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 8

56. infrastructure 60. In a traditional economy, the exchange of

goods is done through
A. cash transactions
B. credit cards
C. bartering
D. debit

NARAYAN CHANGDER
61. In developed countries more than the
A. 30% works on the tertiary sector
B. 50% works on the tertiary sector
A. consists of power, communications, C. 70% works on agriculture
transportation, water, sanitation, and ed-
D. 70% works on the tertiary sector
ucation systems.
B. consists of power, communications, 62. Which of the following factors influence
transportation, bad water, sanitation, and productivity. economic growth, and devel-
education systems. opment level for a nation?
C. consists of power, communications, A. Investment in factories
transportation, water, sanitation, and bad
B. Health, education and training of peo-
education systems.
ple
D. consists of poor power, communica-
tions, transportation, water, sanitation, C. Machinery and new Technology
and education systems. D. All of the above
57. Secondary sector materials are: 63. Agriculture is affected by
A. mining, farming, fishing and forestry A. aqueducts.
B. manufactured items, like cars
B. crops.
C. banking and health care
C. soil, water and sunlight.
D. none of above
D. none of above
58. What do geographers look for when study-
ing a country’s natural resources? 64. Which is a resource that allows nations to
A. location of the resource develop a high per-capita Gross Domestic
Product (GDP)?
B. quality of the resource
C. quantity of the resource
D. all the above
59. Uses natural resources or raw materials
A. Primary Industry A. State-owned farms
B. Secondary Industry B. Humanitarian aid
C. Tertiary Industry C. Skilled workforce
D. Quaternary Industry D. Governmental restrictions

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 9

65. Identify the sector in the picture. C. United States

D. Switzerland

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70. What could be the cause of one country’s
invasion of another to obtain new oil de-
posits?
A. Economic gain and control over valu-
able resources
B. Preservation of cultural heritage
A. Primary Sector
C. Promotion of democracy and human
B. Tertiary Sector
rights
C. Secondary Sector D. Political stability and regional cooper-
D. Quaternary Sector ation

66. A problem within a market economy is 71. The main purpose of the UK investing in
developing rail transport is?
A. people have no say in what they can
buy A. Transporting goods domestically is
easy
B. the government controls the means of
production B. Convenient movement of labor re-
sources
C. little technology is available to use
C. Promote trade with neighboring coun-
D. wealth is unevenly distributed tries
67. The social science that deals with the pro- D. Quell the dangers of rebellion among
duction, distribution, and consumption of the people
goods and services.
72. According to Wallerstein, the spatial re-
A. economics lationships between countries and their
B. social science GDPs suggests that:
C. economic systems A. Low GDPs are most likely to have the
highest literacy rates.
D. economy
B. Primary economic activities are most
68. Power is held by a kind/queen: often found in the core countries.
A. Oligarchy C. Tertiary economies are indicative of
countries with the lowest GDP per capita
B. Dictatorship
D. Countries with the lowest GDP are pe-
C. Monarchy
ripheral and reflect labor focused in pri-
D. Democracy mary economic activities
69. Although has an abundance of natural E. The model assumes that all countries
resources, many remain undeveloped due will eventually passthrough high levels of
to poor infrastructure, inadequate technol- GDP.
ogy, and high costs of extraction. Explanation:Wallerstein explains that
there is an uneven distribution of eco-
A. Ivory Coast nomic development and division of labor
B. Russia across the globe.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 10

73. Which of the following is an economic sys- 78. The expansion of human populations away
tem in which the government and individ- from central urban areas into low density,
uals are used to decide how to use scarce car dependent communities (i.e. suburbs)
resources? A. SIte
A. Market economy B. Situation
B. Command economy C. Gentrification
C. Traditional economy D. Urban Sprawl

NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. Mixed economy
79. Who designed the first efficient steam en-
74. BANKING is an example of which industry gine?
sector? A. James Hargreaves
A. Primary B. John Kay
B. Secondary C. Richard Arkwright
C. Tertiary D. James Watt
D. none of above
80. This term refers specifically to chain or se-
75. Apple, BMW, and McDonald’s are known ries of large metropolitan areas.
as or corporate organization that A. oligopoly
owns or controls production of goods or
B. sprawl
services in at least one country other than
its home country. C. megalopolis
A. common markets D. suburban
B. factors of production 81. The leading service industry in the UK at-
C. post industrial economies tracts more than 11% of workers?
D. multinationals (transnationals) A. Retail
B. Insurance
76. What is the role of household consumers
in the economy? C. Medical
A. Regulators of economic activities D. Tourism
B. Suppliers of production factors to com- 82. Secondary economic activities take place
panies close to the location of primary economic
C. Producers of goods and services activities.
D. Consumers of goods and services A. True
B. False
77. The dollar amount of all final goods and
services produced by a country in one 83. Distribution of goods at small scale is also
year. named:
A. Gross National Product A. Retail
B. Gross National Income B. Wholesale
C. Gross Domestric Product C. Domestic trade
D. Gross National Party D. Bartering

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 11

84. Which type of economy would you be most 89. Which empire was the largest empire in
likely to find commercial agriculture? pre-Columbian America?

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A. Market Economy A. Maya Empire
B. Command Economy B. Ottoman Empire
C. Traditional Economy C. Inca Empire
D. none of above D. Aztec Empire
85. What is the primary level of economic ac- 90. Which TWO (2) are reasons why busi-
tivity? nesses offshore operations to semiperiph-
A. Retail and transportation ery countries?
B. Financial sector A. Cheap foreign labor.
C. Agriculture, mining of natural re- B. Easy way to boost economies of neigh-
sources boring countries.
D. Technology C. Easy to avoid environmental regula-
tions
86. Which option is not an example of capital D. Stealthy colonialism
as a resource?
E. To maximize number of emplotees
A. Computers
B. Factory 91. What is the GDP of Vietnam in September
2021?
C. Machinery
A. 2.91%
D. Natural resources
B. -6.17%
87. The function of New York City has changed
C. -2.91%
from-
D. 1.04%
A. a major port and industrial center to a
global hub for finance, media, technology, 92. Fossil fuels include coal, oil, and natural
and culture gas. Fossil Fuels are classified as nonre-
B. a small rural town to a major agricul- newable because they
tural center A. take millions of years to be replaced
C. a global hub for finance, media, tech- B. require expensive equipment
nology, and culture to a deserted ghost
C. can be found all over Earth’s surface
town
D. provide much of the energy we use
D. a major port and industrial center to a
center for space exploration and research 93. Intensive farming on small pieces of land
88. The yellow vest protest in France in 2018 and can produce high yields and profit
took place against whom? A. Subsistence
A. Emmanuel Macron B. Small-scale
B. Francois Hollande 94. Industries adjacent to their natural re-
C. Jean Castex sources
D. There is no correct answer A. Raw material orientated

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 12

B. Energy supply 100. What does the definition describe:It

C. Labour supply refers to a consumer’s willingness to pur-
chase goods and services and the capabil-
D. Trade ity to pay the price for those.
95. Juan decides to move to the United States A. supply
because he is a carpenter and there is a
B. market
high demand for those type of jobs.
C. demand
A. Push

NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. production
B. Pull
101. A major argument between the Israelis
96. In a Command Economy (select ALL that ap-
and the Palestinians is that each side
ply)
A. The government plays a major role in A. wants to control oil resources in the
the economy. area

B. The government makes few economic B. claims Israel as their homeland

decisions. C. believes in different interpretations of
C. The government owns and controls the same religion
many of the resources with the country. D. has close military alliances with neigh-
D. People have the ability to freely choose boring countries
what to buy and sell
102. The actions or activities that one person
97. Who is the current Queen of England? performs for another
A. Elizabeth II A. goods
B. Victoria B. services
C. Elizabeth I C. needs
D. Diana D. wants

98. Why did “cottage industry” come to an 103. What are the sources of income for house-
end? hold consumers?
A. Too many people moved to the city. A. Rent, wage, interest, profit
B. It was replaced by the factory system. B. Royalty, pension, subsidy, grant
C. The need for textiles decreased. C. Allowance, alimony, scholarship, dona-
D. Women who worked in cottage indus- tion
tries went on strike. D. Salary, commission, bonus, dividend
99. This sector of economy occurs anywhere 104. What is the effect of decentralisation on
(usually in places with a high quality of industrial development?
life).
A. Creating areas of industrial growth
A. Primary Sector outside the core areas
B. Secondary Sector B. A lot of industries found in one area
C. Tertiary Sector C. They are industrial development
D. Quaternary Sector points

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 13

D. Promote growth in areas that are un- 109. Tertiary economic activity examples in-
derdeveloped clude all BUT

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A. Teacher
105. Africa has extensive natural resources
that could promote sustainable economic B. Fishing
development but lacks: C. Banker
A. lacks gold D. Cashier
B. lacks diamonds 110. are a positive incentive for en-
C. government control trepreneurs to start a business despite the
risks.
D. none of above
A. Pride
106. What type of economic activity is this B. Wealth
C. Profits
D. Being an employer
111. Oil, natural gas, and coal

A. Primary Sector
A. human resources
B. Secondary Sector B. natural resources
C. Tertiary Sector C. entrepreneurship
D. Quaternary Sector D. capital resources
107. This is NOT part of the tertiary sector 112. Fill in the blank:Issues like cost and aes-
A. Administration thetics have prevented from being
adopted as the world’s primary energy re-
B. Education source.
C. Healthcare A. solar power
D. Fishing B. coal
C. petroleum
108. A main benefit for manufacturers of just-
in-time delivery is D. nuclear power
A. it reduces wasteful inventory 113. Automobile assembly belongs to which
B. it improves delivery time to customer level of economic activity?
A. Primary level
C. it allows manufacturers to increase
their factory size B. Tertiary level
D. parts arrive days ahead of final assem- C. Quaternary level
bly D. Secondary level

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 14

114. The mining of rare earth metals in Sub- 120. Which of these continents produces
saharan Africa for electronic products con- graphite?
sumed in Europe and North America best A. Asia
reflects
B. Australia
A. Dependancy Ratio
B. High Mass Consuption C. Africa

C. Irredentism D. South America

NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. Neocolonialism 121. Is a system in which private individuals
115. Sally’s ability to operate a beauty salon or groups has the right to own property
successfully is an example of what? or businesses and make a profit with lim-
ited government interference.
A. Primary Activities
A. Traditional Economy System
B. Secondary Activities
B. Market Economy System
C. Tertiary Activities
C. Free Enterprise
D. Quaternary Activities
D. Capitalism
116. Economic geography is the studies of hu-
man economic activity and factors affect- 122. What term refers to a good that leaves
ing them a country?
A. True A. Export
B. False B. Import
117. Which type of economy would you be C. Trade
most likely to find communism?
D. Distribution
A. Market Economy
B. Command Economy 123. The Industrial Revolution
C. Traditional Economy A. was geographically dispersed
D. none of above B. was a transformation that was solely
industrial
118. Select which of following below are fac-
tors favouring Agriculture. Only select the C. is a term commonly used to define a
appropriate ones process that began in Eastern Europe
A. Long growing season (200 frost-free D. was a gradual diffusion of new ideas
days) and techniques
B. Elimination of agricultural subsidies E. first developed in the United States
C. Rivers for irrigation
124. Which statement best describes a Less
D. Climate research Economically Developed Country (LEDC).
E. Flat land You may choose multiple answers if appli-
cable.
119. What does the word urban mean?
A. Has a lower GDP in comparison to
A. City more economically developed countries
B. Countryside (MEDC)

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 15

B. Has a higher GDP in comparison to E. total number of exports

more economically developed countries Explanation:The gross domestic product
(MEDC) measures a country’s total goods and ser-

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C. Mostly made up of primary and sec- vices. The gross domestic product per
ondary sectors capita is this measurement divided by the
country’s total population.
D. Mostly made up of tertiary sectors
129. Which of the following is NOT an exam-
125. The Organization of Petroleum Exporting ple of how capital resources can influence
Countries (OPEC) was created to economic activity?
A. control the supply and price of oil A. he use of technology advanced the fi-
B. improve transportation in developing nance industry.
nations B. The completion of infrastructure
C. promote the production of high-quality projects to improved transportation.
fossil fuels. C. The average level of education among
D. limit the access of nations to solar the workforce increased, thus the ratio of
power skilled to unskilled laborers improved.

126. All of the money a business makes within D. The use of new machinery resulted in
its own country. improvements in the agricultural industry.

A. GDP 130. Which of the following is NOT a trait of

B. GNP a developed nation?
C. GGP A. high birth rate
D. GG no RE B. low infant mortality
C. high literacy rate
127. A policy in which a nation does not try to
limit imports or exports by enacting tariffs D. high life expectancy
(taxes on imports) or subsidies (taxes on
exports). 131. How do we call the phenomena of coun-
tries applying for multiple loans and even-
A. Free Trade tually becoming indebted?
B. Trade A. Inflation spiral
C. Goods B. Financial crisis
D. Supply and Demand C. Loan crisis
128. The gross domestic product per capita D. Debt spiral
is a measure of the total goods andser-
vices produced by a country divided by 132. Uses raw materials to produce or manu-
that country’s: facture something new.
A. unemployment rate A. Primary Industry
B. gross national product B. Secondary Industry
C. total population C. Tertiary Industry
D. number of corporations D. Quaternary Industry

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 16

133. Which type of boundary frequently fol- 138. This population pyramid demonstrates a
lows a straight line on a map and is often country that is
created based on a treaty?
A. Natural
B. Geometric
C. Cultural
D. Geographic

NARAYAN CHANGDER
134. Eastern North America became the con- A. developed
tinent’s manufacturing center in part be- B. developing
cause it had access to the continent’s
C. in transition
A. largest markets.
D. least developed
B. most extensive sources of essential
raw materials. 139. exists because people have unlimited
wants with limited
C. Ocean going transportation links to
A. Scarcity, job opportunities
Asia.
B. Scarcity, resources
D. all of these
C. Government, economies
135. A location where transfer is possible D. Economics, governments
from one mode of transportation to an-
140. A crop that is grown to be sold for a
other.
profit is referred to as a
A. Acid deposition A. subsistence crop
B. Break-of-bulk point B. cash crop
C. Bulk-gaining industry C. big money crop
D. Site factors D. moolah crop

136. Which side lost in World War 1? 141. The method of getting the goods to the
individuals who will use them.
A. Alliance faction
A. production
B. Treaty Faction B. distribution
C. Allied Faction C. consumption
D. Fascist faction D. economics

137. How does Japan’s economy rank in the 142. If you grew up on a farm in West Texas,
world? would type of economic activities would
you most likely participate in?
A. 1
A. Primary
B. 2 B. Secondary
C. 3 C. Tertiary
D. 4 D. Quaternary

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 17

143. What is not a positive impact of British C. mixed economy

colonial rule of India?
D. gross domestic product
A. Import cheap food

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B. Some types of agricultural products 148. The least expensive mode of transport
have access to global markets for shipping goods over long distances is
by:
C. The area of cultivated land used in-
creased A. automobile
D. Irrigation systems were built to create B. rail
new growing lands and important agricul- C. ship
tural centers
D. truck
144. Which region of the world produces the
greatest amount of petroleum? 149. Which example best demonstrates the in-
A. Asia and Oceania ternationalization of product assembly?

B. Southwest Asia A. Vehicles

C. United States and Canada B. Textiles
D. Europe C. Commercial fishing

145. What are the materials used to build D. Financial services

slums and squatter settlements?
150. Little surplus is found in this kind of econ-
omy.
A. Market Economy
B. Command Economy
C. Traditional Economy
D. none of above
A. Flimsy materials like stilts 151. Which of the following is NOT infrastruc-
B. Wood and brickcs ture?
C. Sturdy materials like concrete A. communications and transportation
D. Flimsy materials like cardboard, ply- B. entrepreneurial abilities
wood, and plastic
C. power, water, and sanitation
146. If a country has a LOW per capita income D. schools and colleges
it is likely that they have a LOW standard
of living. 152. Where was the hearth of the Industrial
A. false revolution?
B. true A. Germany

147. A country’s wealth or infrastructure. B. USA

A. capital C. Russia
B. entrepreneurship D. England

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 18

153. The Danube River is an important trans- 157. An economy in which people trade goods
portation corridor because it and services without money:
A. connects four major European cities. A. Mixed
B. contains many natural resources. B. Command

C. attracts many foreign tourists. C. Free Enterprise

D. Traditional
D. flows from north to south.
158. What is the population problem that

NARAYAN CHANGDER
154. Who was the dictator ofGermany, and Japan is facing?
his political party, the Nazis, believed in
A. The population is too old
fascism?
B. Young people are afraid to get married
and have children
C. Labor force shortage
D. All 3 are correct
159. What were the first industries to be im-
pacted by the industrial revolution?
A. Iron, Coal, Transportation, Textiles,
chemicals, food processing
A. Adolf Hitler B. Petroleum, natural gas, hydroelectric-
B. Benito Mussolini ity, aerospace engineering
C. Josef Stalin C. Subsistence farming, cottage industry,
animal domestication
D. Winston Churchill
D. automotive, steel, telecommunica-
155. The transition from rural areas to cities. tions, railroads

A. Urbanization 160. What term refers to the basic energy and

equipment needs of all industries-utilities,
B. Industrialization transportation, and communication?
C. Social Organization A. Superstructure
D. Assimilation B. Infrastructure
C. Understructure
156. What does the Human Development In-
dex (HDI) measure? D. Ultrastructure
A. Individuals’ opportunities to realize a 161. What type of government is being de-
high standard of living scribed? Fidel Castro held total author-
B. The value of goods and services, using ity over the citizens of Cuba and punished
current prices and ignoring inflation those who were against him.
A. Theocracy
C. The value of goods and services, ad-
justed for the impact of inflation B. Democracy
D. The division of the GDP by the popula- C. Dictatorship
tion of the country D. Oligarchy

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 19

162. An auto manufacturer such as GM oper- C. the age of teenagers

ates mostly in which industry sector?
D. none of the above

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A. Primary
B. Secondary 168. Water treatment plants, hospitals, and
fire departments are necessary for a town
C. Quaternary to function as a
D. Quinary
A. service center
163. Which of the following is the most impor- B. education center
tant system of infrastructure for the econ-
omy? C. manufacturing center

A. Fast Food Chains D. trade center

B. Transportation 169. The United States is an example of a(n)
C. Alchemy
A. less developed country.
D. Cell Phone Towers
B. newly industrialized country.
164. How many stages are in the Butler’s C. industrializing country.
model?
D. more developed country.
A. 8
B. 7 170. What type of economic activity is this
C. 4
D. 6

165. If a product is heavier when it arrives at

the factory than when it leaves (trees→
paper, potatoes→chips) then the factory
will be to the market
A. closer
A. Primary Sector
B. farther
B. Secondary Sector
166. Which of these economic activities is con-
C. Tertiary Sector
sidered as a strategic one?
A. Financial services D. Quaternary Sector

B. Energy production 171. Anyone who can afford to buy the

C. Industry item or anyone getting government subsi-
dies (money provided by the government),
D. Agriculture
should be able to buy products in a
167. What is life expectancy? A. mixed economy.
A. the average age an individual can ex-
B. market economy.
pect to live
C. command economy.
B. the average amount of children in a
household D. traditional economy.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 20

172. Which of these is an example of Tertiary A. traditional

Economic Activity B. market
A. making a hut out of grass or twigs
C. command
B. 3M using resources to make tape
D. controlled
C. Google providing information from a
search 177. A country that has begun transition-
ing from primarily agriculture to primarily
D. Amazon providing a place to buy prod-
manufacturing and industrial activity (Ex.

NARAYAN CHANGDER
ucts
Mexico, South Africa, China)
173. Which of the following cities is an exam- A. More Developed Country
ple of a confluence site?
B. Less Developed Country
A. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
C. Newly Industrialized Country
B. Richmond, Virginia
D. none of above
C. Athens, Greece
D. Rome, Italy 178. Which of the following is an example of
unskilled labor?
174. A post-industrial economy often devel-
A. building inspector
ops due to , or a decline in industrial
activity in a region or economy. B. computer technician
A. urbanization C. dishwasher
B. migration D. plumber
C. deindustrialization 179. Gentrification is
D. tariffs A. Revitalization of old buildings into new
175. The study of the earth, its features and businesses to provide new job opportuni-
its people is called ties
B. The expansion of human populations
away from central urban areas into low
density, car dependent communities
C. Place where passengers and cargo
are exchanged betweenvehicles or be-
tween transport modes
D. Improvised housing, made of plywood,
corrugated metal, sheets of plastic and
A. Environment cardboard boxes
B. Cartography
180. A nation has a deficit in its international
C. Geography balance of trade when
D. Schoolology A. government expenditures exceed tax
176. Free enterprise, capitalism, and supply revenues
and damand are most closely associated B. it buys goods of greater value from
with what type of economic system? other nations that it sells to them

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 21

C. it sells goods of greater value to other A. Primary

nations than it buys from them B. Secondary
Explanation:Textbooks are written by an

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D. it invests more in other countries that
it receives from them author who has researched history. They
were not there when the event took place.
181. Which ancient civilization was known for
its advanced knowledge of astronomy and 186. Which type of economy would you be
mathematics? most likely to find tribal cultures?
A. Egyptian civilization A. Market Economy
B. Roman civilization B. Command Economy
C. Mayan civilization C. Traditional Economy
D. Viking civilization D. none of above

182. How much percentage does the sec- 187. Using resources in a way that ensures
ondary sector contribute to South Africa’s they will be there for future generations
GDP is called?
A. 21% A. Stewardship
B. 36% B. Interdependence
C. 45% C. Sustainability
D. 9% D. Over Exploitation

183. A country’s yearly economic output for 188. Migrations impact regions in the follow-
each person adjusting for inflation. A per ing ways:
person average for economic output in a A. Migrations impact regions by causing
country. no changes at all
A. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) B. Migrations impact region’s languages,
religion, customs, traditions and culture
B. Gross Domestic Product Per Capita
(GDP Per Capita) C. Migrations impact regions by only af-
fecting the weather
C. Human Development Index (HDI)
D. Migrations impact regions by leading
D. Development
to decrease in population
184. market value of all final goods and ser-
189. What economic activity is farming
vices in a time period divided by the popu-
lation A. Primary
A. GDP B. Secondary
B. GNI C. Tertiary
C. GII D. Quaternary
D. GDP Per Capita 190. Terrorism in the Israeli-Palestine conflict
is based on:
185. What type of source is this? A chapter
in your world history textbook about the A. Economics
Ancient Greeks B. Government Suppression

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 22

C. The division of land B. Long river

D. religious persecution C. Hei Longjiang
D. Nhi Ha
191. Which of the following is NOT a modern
transportation network? 197. The United States is an example of
A. World Wide Web A. a developed nation
B. Federal Express B. an undeveloped nation

NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. United Parcel Service 198. How do banking and credit institutions
D. United States postal service contribute to economic growth in a coun-
try? Choose all options that apply.
192. People who work in primary sector
A. They provide funds for firms to make
A. get raw materials from nature investment in physical capital.
B. elaborate products B. They provide funds for households to
C. provide services make investment in human capital.
D. none of above C. They provide an incentive for people to
save.
193. Economic Sectors:A welder is an example D. They raise the debt burden in a coun-
of try.
A. Primary Sector
199. Why do developed countries always have
B. Secondary Sector to deindustrialize?
C. Tertiary Sector A. They cannot afford to pay their fac-
D. Quarternary Sector tory workers as the standard of living in-
creases.
E. Quinary Sector
B. Industrialization must be shared
194. Fill in the blank: was one of the ear- equally be developing countries.
liest energy resources. C. Factory workers are migratory in na-
A. wood ture.
B. nuclear power D. Factory workers do not unionize and
raise wages.
C. solar power
D. petroleum 200. An economy where production of goods
and services, a mixture of command and
195. What is the German economy likened to? market
A. Football pitches A. Mixed
B. Baseball field B. Let it be
C. Volleyball yard C. Communist
D. Seven futsal D. Traditional

196. Name the two most famous rivers in 201. Sending goods to another country to sell.
China? A. import
A. Hoang Ha B. export

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 23

202. The total value of goods and services that 207. GDP per capita is the
a country produces ONLY within its bor- A. economic output of adults
ders in a year is

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B. economic output of the government
A. Industrialization
C. economic output of one person in a na-
B. Gross National Product tion
C. Gross Domestic Product D. economic output of the whole country
D. GNP & GDP
208. “Barbecho” in English is said:
E. All of the options
A. Fallow
203. Which of these is an example of Quater- B. Mallow
nary Economic Activity
C. Swallow
A. making a hut out of grass or twigs
D. Crop rotation
B. 3M using resources to make tape
209. Industries that produce perishable goods
C. Google providing information from a
are mainly orientated.
search
A. market
D. Amazon providing a place to buy prod-
ucts B. raw material
C. footloose
204. Which of the following is a RENEWABLE
energy source? D. bridge
A. Natural gas 210. A country described as in the process
B. Nuclear energy of industrialization withactive manufactur-
ing and exporting goods and raw materi-
C. Geothermal energy als would most likely be grouped in which
D. Coal stage of the Core-Periphery Model?
A. core
205. Shopping malls are an example of:
B. semi-periphery
A. urbanization
C. periphery
B. deglomeration
D. tertiary
C. agglomeration
E. primary
D. cumulative causation
Explanation:Semi-periphery countries,
E. gentrification also described as “middle income, “ are
Explanation:Shopping malls are an exam- known for a strong industrial base and
ple of agglomeration, the concentration of developing economic systems.
firms offering similar goods and services.
211. Which supranational organization al-
206. What does the acronym SDI lowed for the creation of Maquiladoras?
A. Secondary Development Initiative A. NAFTA
B. Secondary Development Industry B. NATO
C. Spatial Development Infrastructure C. ANSWER
D. Spatial Development Initiative D. HDI

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 24

212. Japan is an example of a nation that has C. Market

become highly industrialized due to the D. Mixed
trade of its abundant natural resources.
A. True 217. Supporters of NAFTA and free trade
would have contended that such agree-
B. False
ments
213. Gender empowerment measures A. hampered democratic reforms and
A. economic and political indicators of open markets in areas that were already

NARAYAN CHANGDER
power regarding women in the workforce strong.
(working in legislatures, as CEO’s, and B. stimulated democratic reform and
other decision-making positions). open markets in areas that needed im-
B. the level of development of women in a provement.
country to the average development level C. increased government control of a na-
of women in the world. tion’s economy.
C. the levels of indicators for females to D. limited the growth of an economy and
those of males within a country. prevents inflation.
D. the same measures as the HDI but is
applied only to women instead of the en- 218. Why do most restaurants clump together
tire population. in shopping malls and on busy street cor-
ners?
214. The Industrial Revolution happening dur- A. Agglomeration
ing the and the
B. Ease of Access
A. 1700s, 1800s
C. More Capital
B. 1800s, 1900s
D. Laws of Location
C. 1900s, 2000s
D. 1500s, 1600s 219. The literacy rates in developed countries
tend to be than the literacy rates in
215. Most people in a country work in pri- developing countries.
mary economic activities and have a lower A. Higher
standard of living.
B. Lower
A. more developed
C. None (it’s the same)
B. developed
D. none of above
C. developing
D. newly industrialized 220. In the “Mahatma Gandhi New Series”
fiat currency series issued by the Central
216. Types of Economic Systems:Involves the Bank of India, the 1000 Indian rupee coin
individual making decisions, but the gov- has the following colors:
ernment has a roles, often in the form of
A. Closest to red
business regulations or overseeing entire
industries. B. Closest to green
A. Traditional C. Closest to blue
B. Command D. All three options above are wrong

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 25

221. An industry in which the final product A. Agglomerations

weighs more or comprises a greater vol-
B. Outsourcing
ume than the inputs.

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C. NAFTA
A. Bulk-gaining industry
B. Cottage industry D. Special Economic Zones

C. Bulk-reducing industry 227. This term refers to big businesses and ma-
D. Apparel chines that turn raw materials into new
products on a large scale.
222. What is the pattern of land use relating
to nearness of natural resources and eco- A. Construction
nomic activity called? B. Manufacturing
A. Proximity C. Services industry
B. Agricultural zoning D. Major maker of new stuff
C. Urban development
D. Industrial placement 228. Which of the following is a good thing
about globalization?
223. Which of the following places are World A. More variety of products and competi-
Heritage Sites in India? tion
A. Lotus Temple
B. Increased warfare
B. Red Fort
C. moving jobs to laces with no minimum
C. Churches and monasteries in Goa wage
D. Golden Temple at Amritsar D. loss of global culture
224. What term refers to all of the most ba-
229. Who CAN be a sole trader?
sic industries (interacting with the environ-
ment and extracting its resources)? A. A member of a joint venture
A. Primary industry B. Someone who is legally incapacitated
B. Secondary industry C. A person with a German citizenship
C. Tertiary industry D. A convict who is exempted from the le-
D. Service industry gal consequences of committing a crime

225. Which of the following states is not a fed- 230. All of the following are influences of ur-
eral state? ban areas on their regions and countries
A. America except:
B. that A. Media centers
C. Virtue B. Rural development
D. Older brother C. Corporate headquarters and regional
offices
226. AT&T having their call centers stationed
in India and China is known as what indus- D. Universities and educational opportu-
try practice? nities

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 26

231. Why would women be more likely to find C. Consolidation, stagnation, rejuvena-
work in outsourced manufacturing plants tion, development, involvement, explo-
in developing countries? ration
A. women generally make less money D. Involvement, development, consolida-
than men in developing countries tion, stagnation, rejuvenation, exploration
B. women can’t work in agriculture, so
235. If a society has moved on from the labor
they work in factories
force in agriculture to working in manufac-
C. women are not protected by interna-

NARAYAN CHANGDER
turing, what can you infer happened to the
tional labor laws economy?
D. women have a lower life expectancy A. labor force will work in research
and fertility rate
B. became more industrialized
E. developing countries have a low score
on the GII C. labor force performs primary activi-
Explanation:-There is a consistent pattern ties
of wage divide between men and women D. none of above
in most countries. Workplaces have been
known to pay women substantially less.-A 236. Which sector has experienced the most
lower GII score indicates a country with growth?
more equality between men and women.- A. Primary Sector
Women represent a sizeable percentage
of the population in agriculture. B. Secondary Sector
C. Postindustrial Sector (Tertiary, Quar-
232. In a COMMUNIST economy, people are
ternary, and Quinary)
expected to sacrifice their comfort and
needs in order to raise the level of indus- D. none of above
trialization.
237. Doctor:Goods or Service?
A. false
B. true
233. Subsistence Agriculture
A. Food that is raised to sell
B. Food that is raised for personal use
C. Food that is not raised
A. Goods
D. Not food
B. Service
234. Which of the following are the correct or-
der from stages 1 to 6 for the Butler Life 238. Which of the following are unfavourable
Cycle Tourism Model? conditions for agriculture in SA?
A. Exploration, involvement, develop- A. Low average rainfall and poor soils
ment, consolidation, stagnation and re-
B. Provides food security
juvenation
B. Exploration, consolidation, develop- C. Droughts are common
ment, involvement, stagnation, rejuvena- D. Poor farming methods and competi-
tion tion from other countries

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 27

239. Which is not a natural characteristic of C. Tensions escalate in the Middle East
Japan? D. Political instability in the country

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A. Tropical storm
245. HDI stands for
B. Earthquake
A. heart data index.
C. Tsunami
B. human death inedx.
D. Volcano
C. human development index.
240. The economy of the US and Canada is
D. human depth intelligence.
A. Communism
B. Globalism 246. Traditional economies are in mostly
hunter-gatherer societies
C. Capitalism
A. True
D. Socialism
B. False
241. Make the industrial transformation be-
longs to 247. Steel mills, automobile assembly plants
and sawmills are considered what level of
A. Tertiary sector economic activity?
B. Secondary sector
A. Secondary
C. Primary sector
B. Primary
D. none of above
C. Tertiary
242. Example of a Tertiary Economic Activity D. Environmental
A. WalMart Service Employee
248. Involves workers handling small
B. Farming amounts of material to make articles of
C. Car manufacturing relatively small bulk such as manufactur-
D. Internet users ing hand tools and televisions
A. Heavy industry
243. Which of the following resulted in the In-
dustrial Revolution’s rapid expansion? B. Market-orientated industry

A. Coal became more important to the C. Light industry

functions of factories D. Footloose industry
B. Imperialism led to rich countries los-
249. What is the movement from rural to ur-
ing substantial money
ban areas called?
C. A mass exodus of workers from the
A. Moving
agricultural industry
B. colonization
D. Rapid decline of the middle class.
C. inflation
244. What are the 2 main reasons why Rus-
D. urbanization
sia’s GDP growth bottomed out in 2015?
A. European sanctions following the an- 250. A place where people and machines join
nexation of the Crimean peninsula together to mass produce goods.
B. Oil price crisis 2015 A. Cartel

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 28

B. Corporation 256. Type of Economy where Supply and de-

C. Factory mand determine prices with little gov in-
tervention
D. Urbanization
A. Command
251. What are economic activities?
B. Market
A. rules in a game
C. Mixed
B. a sport
D. Traditional

NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. how a government is run
D. ways in which people make a living 257. An economic system that has elements of
a free enterprise and command economy
252. Mexico is an example of a(n) , be-
A. traditional economy
cause it is transitioning from a primarily
agricultural economy to an economy pri- B. free enterprise economy
marily focused on manufacturing & indus- C. mixed economy
trial activities.
D. command economy
A. less developed country
B. newly industrialized country 258. More developed countries have
C. more developed country widespread manufacturing and service in-
dustries that provide a high standard of
D. industrializing country living.
253. Fishing, Mining, Farming, and Forestry A. True
are examples of what economic activity?
B. False
A. Primary
259. Economic activity is important because:
B. Secondary
C. Teritiary
D. Quaternary

254. How to calculate the labor productivity?

GDP
A. Number o f wor ker s
Number o f wor ker s
B. GDP
C. Total number of workers
D. Total GDP

255. One of the most recent economic unions

formed in Europe. This union for economic
purposes is called the A. It creates employment
A. European Union B. It generates wealth
B. European Exchange C. It produces something for sale or con-
C. North Atlantic Treaty Organization sumption
D. Western Union of Independent States D. All of the above

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 29

260. Choose the correct examples of a primary C. Market

activity.
D. Trade

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A. truck driver, doctor, store clerk,
restaurant 266. A factor of production that involves the
B. manufacturing and construction creativity and risk needed to develop new
goods and services.
C. mining, agriculture, fishing
A. entrepreneurship
D. research and data processing
B. capital
261. Transport is an example of the sector.
C. primary sector
A. primary
D. economic activity
B. secondary
C. tertiary 267. A democracy can be like a dictatorship:
D. quaternary A. True

262. Industries that are located between the B. False

source of the raw materials and the cus-
tomer are called (A. bridge or B. footloose) 268. Is a system in which factors of production
industries. are privately owned.
A. A A. Traditional Economy System
B. B B. Market Economy System

263. Access to larger markets More efficient C. Free Enterprise

industries Greater influence on world mar- D. Capitalism
ket The items listed above are some
A. effects of unequal distribution of re- 269. Identify the types of government most
sources. closely linked with the above characteris-
tics.
B. advantages of economic unions.
C. advantages of local spatial divisions.
D. indicators of the quality of life in rural
areas. A. Theocracy and Republic
264. A steel factory is an example of B. Monarchy and Democracy
A. Land C. Democracy and Dictatorship
B. Labor D. Monarchy and Dictatorship
C. Entrepreneurs
270. Goods or services desired by consumers
D. Capital
A. goods
265. refers to goods that are brought into
the country. B. services
A. Exports C. needs
B. Imports D. wants

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 30

271. to govern or direct according to rule 277. What is a traditional economy?

A. regulate A. An economy in which production is
based on customs and traditions and eco-
B. incentive
nomic roles are typically passed down
C. unique from one generation to the next.
D. command B. Economic system in which decisions
on production and consumption of goods
272. Most of south africa’s landscapes are and services are based on voluntary ex-

NARAYAN CHANGDER
made up of plateaus change in markets
A. true C. an economic and political system in
B. false which a country’s trade and industry are
controlled by private owners for profit,
273. Deindustrialization is a result of: rather than by the state.
A. Discovery of new natural resources. D. none of above
B. Consumers earning a higher income 278. What type of source is this? An original
and demanding for better quality and photograph from the 1941 attack at Pearl
wider choice of products. Harbor that you found in your grandpar-
C. A fall in the quality of education. ents photo album
D. A rise in the demand for the countries A. Primary
exports of manufactured products. B. Secondary
Explanation:Photographs are taken at the
274. A family moves from Romania to the time of the event. If it is a copy of the pic-
US so their three kids can attend better ture and not an original then it would be a
schools secondary source.
A. Pull
279. Life expectancy is
B. Push
A. The amount of people that are ex-
275. France is the largest exporting country in pected to live past 65 years of age
Europe? B. The average number of years a person
A. 1 would be expected to live

B. 2 280. Despite various similarities and differ-

ences all economies in the world are tech-
C. 3
nically economies.
D. 4
A. traditional
276. An industry that builds small products B. marker
such as electronics and furniture is called C. command
what?
D. mixed
A. Manufacturing
281. How has computer technology affected
B. Light
cultural change in recent decades?
C. Service A. It has accelerated cultural change be-
D. Heavy cause it has imposed cultural conformity.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 31

B. It has decelerated cultural change by 286. Who controls everything in a COMMAND

imposing more uniformity. (communist) economy?

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C. It has discouraged cultural change be- A. the people
cause people are distracted by electronic
B. the world
gadgets.
C. the government
D. It has accelerated cultural change by
facilitating the spread of ideas and tradi- D. the poor
tions.
287. Workers in this sector of the economy EX-
282. What is the meaning of human re- TRACT natural resource from the earth
sources?
A. Primary
A. The people who represents a business
B. Secondary
B. The best person to do the job
C. Tertiary
C. The people employed to do work in a
business D. none of above

D. Supervises employees and sets tasks 288. What is the benefit of interregional
to be done trade between Jawa Barat and Kaliman-
tan Timur?
283. CACM stands for what common market?
A. Enhanced economic interaction be-
A. Central America tween the regions
B. Central Africa B. Reduced economic activities in the re-
C. central Asia gions
D. Mediterranean C. Limited access to resources in the re-
gions
284. A mining company operates in which in-
dustry sector? D. Increased competition between the re-
gions
A. Primary
B. Secondary 289. What is the country with a highest in-
come per capita in Europe (72.640 $)?
C. Quaternary
A. Luxembourg
D. Quinary
B. Norway
285. What is GNI?
C. Sweden
A. The value of goods and services, using
D. Switzerland
current prices and ignoring inflation
B. The value of goods and services, ad- 290. The term for “quality of life”
justed for the impact of inflation
A. Standard of Living
C. The division of the GDP by the popula-
B. Most Developed Country
tion of the country
C. Tariff
D. The total amount of money earned by
a nation’s people and businesses D. Free enterprise

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 32

291. What are different types of fossil fuels? B. Hokkaido

A. petroleum, gasoline, and diesel C. Pitch type
B. wind, solar, and hydroelectric D. southwest
C. nuclear, geothermal, and biomass 296. What impact did the Agricultural Revolu-
D. coal, oil, and natural gas tion have on the population of England?

292. When was ASEAN established? A. The population increased a little.

B. The population declined steeply.

NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. 8/8/1967
B. 8/8/1988 C. The population increased dramati-
cally.
C. 18/8/1967
D. The population stayed the same.
D. 18/8/1888
297. What is the total value of goods and ser-
293. The total value of goods and services that vices produced by a country?
a country produces within and outside of
A. Gross Product Domestic
its borders in a year is
B. Domestic Gross Product
A. Industrialization
C. Product Gross Domestic
B. Gross National Product
D. Gross Domestic Product
C. Gross Domestic Product
D. GNP & GDP 298. Which region does India belong to?
E. All of the options A. South Asia
B. southwest Asia
294. How does the cultural diversity of Latin
America contribute to its rich heritage and C. Southeast Asia
traditions? D. central Asia
A. The cultural diversity brings together
299. DGP or GNI:the bank branch of OTP Bank
a mix of indigenous, European, African,
in Pozsony?
and Asian influences, resulting in a unique
blend of customs, languages, music, art, A. GDP
and cuisine. B. GNI
B. The cultural diversity of Latin America C. Both
is insignificant and has no effect on its her- D. none of above
itage and traditions
C. Latin America’s heritage and tradi- 300. Which statement is NOT true about
tions are solely influenced by European transnational companies?
culture A. They want to make as much profit as
D. The cultural diversity has no impact on possible with only as much expenditure (fi-
the heritage and traditions of Latin Amer- nancial input) as necessary.
ica B. They make use of each country’s eco-
nomic features (e.g. build factories in
295. Which is not one of the four main islands countries where labour is cheap, but de-
of Japan? velop their products in technologically de-
A. This species veloped ones).

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 33

C. You can find their products and their B. A secondary economic activity
factories everywhere on the planet, but C. A tertiary economic activity
their headquarters is in a financially and

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politically stable country. D. A quaternary economic activity

D. Their activity isn’t independent of any 306. Which of the following does NOT have a
country’s government. traditional economy?

301. Over time, developed nations have ex- A. Villages in Africa and South America
ported labor-intensive work to developing B. USA
nations due to lower costs. C. The Inuit tribes in Canada
A. True D. The Aborigines in Australia
B. False
307. God and religious law are the govern-
302. A command economy is ment’s authority.
A. A planned economy A. Anarchy
B. A mixed economy B. Oligarchy
C. A barter economy C. Direct Democracy
D. Capitalism D. Theocracy

303. Which of the following best describes the 308. What is BEE?
term infrastructure? A. Reconstruction Development Pro-
A. Roads, water treatment plants and gramme is a South African socio-
power lines. economic policy framework implemented
by the African National Congress (ANC)
B. Retail stores and malls.
B. Its an important policy instrument
C. City, state and national parks. aimed at broadening the economic base of
D. Amusement parks, bike trails and hik- the country-and through this, at stimulat-
ing paths. ing further economic growth and creating
employment.
304. An unlimited government has complete
control over every aspect of its citizens’ 309. GDP or GNI:the Suzuki Car Factory in Es-
lives: ztergom?
A. True A. GDP
B. False B. GNI

305. The above image represents what? C. Both

D. none of above
310. provides information, management, and
research services.
A. Quaternary Activities
B. Primary Activities
C. Secondary Activities
A. A primary economic activity D. Tertiary Activities

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 34

311. According to the 2011 Census (Census) D. Create new inventions in high-tech
conducted by the Indian Ministry of Hous- fields
ing and Urban Affairs, the population of
the three most populous metropolises in 315. A economy is a market-based sys-
India is less than: tem in which the government is involved
to some extent.
A. Population of the 7 most populous ur-
A. Traditional
ban areas in Europe according to Eurostat
data in 2017 B. Planned/command

NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. Population of the three most populous C. Mixed
urban areas in China according to the D. Free Market
country’s 2010 Census
316. What type of resource is shown in the pic-
C. Population of the 20 most populous ur-
ture?ANDWhat level of economic activity
ban areas in the United States according
would it be in?(SELECT TWO)
to the country’s 2010 Census
D. The population of 9 Indian cities is
behind the three cities mentioned in the
question
312. what economic activity:taking yields
from primary activities and making some-
thing such as homes, canned foods, steel,
and cars
A. exceptional A. Natural
B. tertiary B. Human

C. primary C. Capital

D. secondary D. Primary
E. Secondary
313. Which of the following is NOT an indica-
tor of a nation’s economic development? 317. In which economic system would you ex-
pect to find the widest selection of con-
A. labor force characteristics
sumer goods?
B. major religions
A. traditional
C. urban/rural ratio
B. market
D. educational achievement
C. socialist
314. Which of the following is the impact of D. communist
scientific and technological revolutions on
developed countries? 318. Which of the following is a reason to lo-
cate near to labour?
A. Transfer to other places intermediate
and traditional techniques A. if raw materials were bulky
B. Introducing intermediate and tradi- B. if there are linkage industries
tional techniques C. if the finish product is fragile
C. Consider science and technology as D. If skilled labour is scarce for the prod-
the core of economic change uct

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 35

319. What does NAFTA stand for? B. barter

A. North American Free Trade Agreement C. goods

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B. North African Free Trade Agreement D. market
C. No American Functioning Traditional
325. is when two or countries are mutu-
Alliances
ally dependent on one another.
D. North American Free Treaty Agree-
A. Interdependence
ment
B. Industrialization
320. Bangledesh is an example of
C. Infrastructure
A. developed nation
D. Diversified Economy
B. undeveloped nation
326. Slash-and-burn agriculture is typical in:
321. Name the water scheme in SWC that as-
sist in the region with water shortages. A. Specialized plantations

A. Tugela Vaal project B. Commercial agriculture

B. Berg River Water Scheme C. Subsistence agriculture

C. Lesotho Highlands water scheme D. Dryland farming
D. Liesbeek Water Project 327. These countries are where agriculture re-
mains dominate; has the low standard of
322. refers to the unrestricted flow of goods,
living and the lowest indicators of socioe-
services, and productive resources be-
conomic development.
tween countries
A. More Developed Country
A. free trade
B. Newly Industrialized Countries
B. balance of trade
C. Less Developed Countries
C. trade surplus
D. none of above
D. the trade fails

323. Which of the following resulted in the In- 328. industries can locate in any geo-
dustrial Revolution’s rapid expansion? graphic area.

A. Expansion of the middle class. A. Ubiquitous

B. Asian countries expanded at a quicker B. Bridge

rate than European countries had in the C. Raw material Orientated
previous century.
D. Market material Orientated
C. Put an end to cottage industries as the
dominant world economic activity. 329. A system in which people produce and
consume goods and services.
D. Imperialism led to poor countries be-
coming richer A. economy
B. needs
324. Trading something for something else-no
currency involved C. wants
A. demand D. capital

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 36

330. Islam is not the main religion in which of 336. In a command economy, economic deci-
the following countries? sions are made by the
A. Iran A. Consumers
B. Iraq B. market
C. UAE C. government
D. Israel D. producers
337. refers to goods that are brought into

NARAYAN CHANGDER
331. Name the water scheme in PWV that as-
the country.
sist in the region with water shortages
A. exports
A. Lesotho Highlands Water scheme
B. imports
B. Berg River Water Scheme
C. markets
C. Steenbras Water Scheme
D. trade
D. Gauteng Water Scheme
338. In a traditional economy, if your ances-
332. Geography means tors were farmers it was most likely that
A. description of world resources
B. description of the Earth A. you wouldn’t work at all

C. science of description B. you would go to university in search of

new career path
D. explanation of existence of planets
C. you would be a farmer as well
333. What energy sources have replaced coal? D. none of above
A. Natural gas 339. This image would best be described as
B. Renewable energy sources which of the following?
C. oil A. Clustered rural settlement
D. All of the above B. Dispersed rural settlement

334. The Scientific and Technological Revolu- 340. Which of the following is NOT a measure
tion did not change what type of struc- of development?
ture? A. Gross Domestic Product
A. Economic sector structure B. Gross National Product
B. Production organizational structure C. Communism
C. Labor structure D. Literacy rate
D. Population structure E. Electricity consumption
341. Goods and services are exchanged (or
335. System where the government owns and
sold)
controls the major industries and promises
to make production decisions for the wel- A. Primary Industry
fare of society. B. Secondary Industry
A. Capitalism C. Tertiary Industry
B. Socialism D. Quaternary Industry

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 37

342. Which sector has the highest employment enough food to meet their own families’
percentage in the United States? needs are called

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A. secondary sector A. cash crop farmers
B. primary sector B. primary farmers
C. tertiary sector C. subsistence farmers
D. agricultural sector D. commercial farmers

343. What does the word affluent mean? 348. Is a loose union of independent terri-
A. Influential tories, the first 13 years of the United
States was under the Articles of Confed-
B. Rare eration.
C. Wealthy A. Unitary system
D. Abundant B. Federal system
344. Is a system of recourse management in C. Confederation System
which decisions about production and dis- D. Autocracy System
tribution of goods, and services are made
by a central authority (the government 349. Which type of economic activity extracts
normally). or harvests raw materials?
A. Free Enterprise A. Primary
B. Capitalism B. Secondary
C. Mixed Economy C. Tertiary
D. Command Economy D. Quaternary

345. An economy in which privately owned 350. Economies fall in one of four categories.
businesses create goods people buy in mar- A. True
kets:
B. False
A. Traditional
B. Free Enterprise 351. Who owns the resources in a command
economy?
C. Command
A. the government
D. Mixed
B. no one
346. What organization created goals for sus- C. individuals
tainability
D. private business
A. OPEC
B. United States 352. What is the relationship between GDP
per capita and life expectancy?
C. NAFTA
A. Low GDP per capita, Higher life ex-
D. United Nations pectancy
347. Farmers who make their own cloth- B. Low GDP per capita, Low life ex-
ing, furniture, and homes and grow just pectancy

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 38

C. High GDP per capita, no change in life 358. What conclusion can be drawn from this
expectancy excerpt?
D. High GDP per capita, low expectancy

353. The resources that are used to make

goods and services
A. Factors of production
B. labor A. Economic alliances are formed for re-

NARAYAN CHANGDER
source conservation.
C. capitalism
B. There is competition for resources
D. land
among countries.
354. Sugar cane farming is an example of C. The price of gasoline is declining in de-
farming. veloping countries.
A. small-scale commercial D. Modern industry uses minimal
B. small-scale subsistence amounts of petroleum.
C. large-scale commercial 359. Which letter represents the Middle East?
D. large-scale subsistence

355. Select all that NAFTA helped to create in

North America
A. Transnationals
B. Free Trade Zone
C. Malquiladoras
A. A
D. Multinationals
E. Lower Environmental/ Health Stan- B. B
dards C. C

356. A combination of command and market D. D

economies. It is set up to provide goods
360. Which of the following cities in India is
and services to benefit all people.
the most populous (in 2020)?
A. Mixed Economy
B. Traditional Economy
C. Capitalism
D. Oligarchy

357. Intense loyalty and pride in one’s country

is known as which of the following?
A. Imperialism A. Kolkata
B. Nationalism B. Ahmedabad
C. Unilateralism C. Bangalore
D. Communism D. Hyderabad

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 39

361. Globalisation is: C. tertiary activities

A. the introduction of the internet to D. quaternary activities

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make us closer to others in the world.
366. involves the economic and political
B. the breakdown of traditional barriers
domination of one state by another, while
between nations through technology and
includes official, instituationalized gov-
transport
ernment rule.
C. faster travel around the world
A. Regionalism sectionalism
D. the movement of people and ideas
B. Sectionalism regionalism
around the world.
C. Imperialism colonialism
362. Which number represents Israel?
D. Colonialism imperialism
E. Nationalism isolationism

367. Which of the following best describes the

problem of urban sprawl?
A. carefully planned high-density housing
B. the conversion of agricultural land to
A. 2
urban uses
B. 3
C. increase use of mass transit and pub-
C. 4 lic transportation
D. 5 D. the segregation of rich and poor neigh-
borhoods
363. System in which people produce, sell, and
buy things: 368. involves adding value to materials by
A. Gross Domestic Product changing their form.
B. Economy A. Secondary Activities
C. Entrepreneurship B. Primary Activities
D. Capital C. Tertiary Activities
364. Which pair of cities developed because D. Quaternary Activities
they were situated along the Trans-
Siberian Railway? 369. Three indicators of development of a
country
A. Novosibirsk and Vladivostok
B. Benares and Sarnath
C. Mecca and Baghdad
D. Istanbul and Cape Town

365. Involve adding value to materials by

changing their form.
A. secondary activities A. GDP per capita, literacy rate and life
B. primary activities expectancy.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 40

B. Richness, industrial production and 375. Economic activity that does not directly
business gather or process raw materials, instead it
C. Multinationals and industry provides services to people and businesses
A. Primary
D. Technology, trade and research
B. Secondary
370. a country which has a highly developed
C. Tertiary
economy and advanced technological in-
frastructure relative to other less devel- D. Quaternary

NARAYAN CHANGDER
oped nations
376. Which statement is NOT true about glob-
A. newly industrialized country alisation?
B. less developed country A. The significance of speed in-
C. mixed country creased:fast production etc.

D. more developed country B. It was necessary to use more raw ma-

terials for the production of goods.
371. The making, buying and selling of goods C. Transnational companies expanded be-
and services yond the borders of their mother country.
A. economics D. The boom in international trading
B. inflation meant the rapid development of I.T.
C. market 377. An industry such as potato chips, which
D. barter uses potatoes and salt as raw materials,
but the end product is fragile, is a good
372. Name the FOUR Industrial Regions in example of what?
South Africa A. Variable cost
A. PWV-Gauteng B. bulk-gaining
B. Saldanha C. ubiquitous
C. Durban Pinetown D. fixed costs
D. PE-Uitenhage
378. What is a primary source?
E. South Western Cape-SWC
A. A source found in an important book
373. A Command Economy is also considered like an encyclopedia
as B. A source created after an event has
A. Communism happened

B. Capitalism C. A source used often

D. A source created at the time of an
C. Socialism
event by an individual who was there
D. none of above
379. ‘People cut down a large number of
374. “We must flee our country because of the trees’Which environmental problem does
fighting and persecution.” it refer to?
A. Push A. water pollution
B. Pull B. air pollution

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 41

C. deforestation 384. The rainy weather increased the of

umbrellas at the stores.
D. global warming

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A. Production
380. What sector of economic activity is being B. Consumption
practiced in the above pictures?
C. Distribution
D. Factors of Production

385. A Market Economy

A. Free Enterprise/ Capitalism
B. Planned Economy
A. Primary C. Traditional/trading
B. Secondary D. This is not a Geographic Term
C. Tertiary
386. When you hire someone outside your
D. Quaternary company to do work it is called

381. Which change occurred as a result of in-

dustrialization?
A. Factory systems replaced cottage in-
dustries.
B. Subsistence farming replaced com-
mercial agriculture.
C. Military production replaced consumer
A. outfitting
industries.
B. IT
D. Surface transportation replaced air
transportation. C. insourcing
D. outsourcing
382. Fill in the blank: can be refined into
fuels like gasoline and kerosene. 387. Give a definition for IDZ’s
A. wood A. To develop and upgrade farming and
mining that are needed to make these
B. nuclear power towns excel in the primary sector
C. solar power B. To develop and upgrade the schools
D. petroleum and universities that are needed to make
these towns world class educational hubs
383. Which of the following is not an economic C. To develop and upgrade the infrastruc-
indicator? ture and services that are needed to make
A. Income these towns world class industrial regions
B. Literacy Rate D. To digress and downgrade the infras-
tructure and services that are needed
C. Tourist Attractions
to make these towns fail at economic
D. Life Expectancy progress.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 42

388. The quaternary sector is devoted to: 394. Economic sectors are
A. Cutting-edge industries A. The division of the economic activity
B. Consultancy B. There’re three kind of sectors
C. Research & development C. A & B are correct
D. Information generation, computing & D. none of above
sharing 395. The total value of goods and services that
a country produces

NARAYAN CHANGDER
389. A system of government in which leaders
rule with the consent of its citizens. A. gross domestic product
A. Monarchy B. gross market product
B. Oligarchy C. per capita
D. economy
C. Theocracy
D. Democracy 396. What is the largest tropical rainforest in
the world, located in South America?
390. The total amount of money that a coun- A. Sahara Desert
try’s government has borrowed and owes
to other countries or supranational organi- B. Congo Rainforest
zations. C. Amazon Rainforest
A. National Debt D. Everglades National Park
B. Imports 397. What is an estimate of total value of all
C. Exports the final products and services turned out
in a given period by the means of produc-
D. Tariffs tion owned by a country’s residents.
391. According to tourism statistics, the A. GDP
world’s most visited country in 2018 was: B. NCAA
A. France C. FCC
B. Spain D. GNP
C. USA 398. Industry that requires a lot of machines
D. China and equipment to produce a product is
called what?
392. What are examples of capital resources? A. Manufacturing
A. skills of the workforce B. Heavy
B. natural resources C. Service
C. money, technology D. Light
D. all of the above 399. Which is an example of a monarch?
393. True or False:British colonialists did not A. The Prime Minister of Great Britain
introduce the coal mining industry in India? B. The President of the United States
A. Correct C. The King of Saudi Arabia
B. Sai D. The Chancellor of Germany

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 43

400. Which statement best explains why na- B. a socialist economy

tions must trade? C. a market economy

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D. a traditional economy
404. According to Von Thunen’s Model, which
agricultural zone is closest to the market?
A. Livestock
A. All nations belong to free trade agree- B. Commercial Grain
ments
C. Dairy Farming
B. All nations seek out new production
D. Forestry
methods
C. No nation has all necessary resources 405. Which mountain range runs along the
western coast of South America?
D. No nation can employ all of its laborers
A. Rocky Mountains
401. The picture included represents which eco-
B. Appalachian Mountains
nomic concept
C. Andes
D. Himalayas
406. The effort people devote to tasks for
which they are paid
A. land
B. labor
C. capital
D. entrepreneur
407. A dictatorship and monarch are similar be-
cause they are both ruled by only one per-
A. Supply and demand
son:
B. Free enterprise
A. True
C. Command economy
B. False
D. Capitalism
408. The link between available resources and
402. #8-Which of the following energy re- the activities that an individual engages in
sources creates the most pollution? to make a living best describes the
A. fossil fuels A. Relationship between history and so-
B. wind turbines cial development
C. tidal hydropower B. Relationship between geography and
economics
D. solar panels
C. Relationship between politics and ge-
403. Capitalism or free enterprise is also ography
known as D. Relationship between social develop-
A. a command economy ment and history

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 44

409. Imperialism is a 414. What are push factors?

A. policy of extending control or authority A. Reasons why people stay in their home
over foreign entities for one’s own gain country
B. policy of trading between countries so B. The process of applying for citizenship
that both countries benefit in a new country
C. policy of interdependence between C. Reasons why people leave their home
countries so that ideas can be shared country and migrate to another country

NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. trade policy between countries; gener-
D. Factors that attract people to their
ally on country limits trading and inequali-
home country
ties occur

410. What does TNC stand for? 415. Food processing industries, like bakeries,
are generally industries.
A. Trans national corporations
A. Heavy
B. Trade nations conference
B. light
C. Trans national countries
D. Trial national cooperations C. bridge
D. raw material orientated
411. Industrial Inertia is:
A. a business locating in an area because 416. Economic and Commercial Geography is
of economic factors the branch of
B. the original reason for locating in the A. physical geography
area no longer exists
B. human geography
C. reason for locating in an area is sup-
ported by firms in the area C. commercial geography
D. Industry is known to locate near to D. world geography
other linked industries
417. Who are the main groups fighting in Is-
412. The European Union has most benefited rael?
its member nations by
A. Palestinian Arabs
A. reducing barriers to trade and travel
B. Egyptian Muslims
B. sharing the expense of a common de-
fense C. Christians
C. promoting the use of a common lan- D. Israeli Jews
guage
418. All of the money a business makes
D. providing funds and materials for edu-
around the world.
cation
A. GDP
413. Economic sectors are divided in primary,
secondary and tertiary B. GNP
A. False C. GGP
B. True D. GG no RE

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 45

419. Which of the following characteristics 423. What are some pull factors that attract a
might account for problems in determining person to a region?
economic indicators, like GDP, in develop- A. Limited job opportunities

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ing countries?
B. Lack of basic amenities
A. populations of favelas in the periphery
C. High crime rate
of Brazilian cities
D. Job opportunities, better quality of life,
B. workers in the informal sector of the lower cost of living, good education and
economy healthcare facilities
C. the growth in number of jobs available
to workers in manufacturing areas 424. In a economy, families, clans, or
tribes make economic decisions based on
D. agglomeration of companies generational customs and beliefs.
E. outsourcing of mining operations to Eu- A. Mixed
rope or Australia B. Market
Explanation:By definition, the economy’s
informal sector includes work “off the C. Traditional
books, “ meaning that it is not officially D. Command
recorded or maintained. As a result, eco-
nomic figures may be off where there are 425. Which of the following is NOT an exam-
high percentages of workers in the infor- ple of tertiary economic activity
mal sector (the developing areas of Africa, A. Tourism & Hotels
Asia, and Latin America). B. Banking
420. Many criteria are used to assess the stan- C. Transportation
dard of living and quality of life. D. Fishing
A. True 426. Industry where farmers harvest crops on
B. False a large scale.
A. Subsistence Agriculture
421. Check ALL of the capital resources a
teacher would use. B. Commercial Agriculture
C. Cottage Industry
A. computer
D. Commercial Manufacturing
B. nails
427. Primary economic activities rely on:
C. dry erase marker
A. natural resources
D. book
B. services
422. *The restoration and regrowth of run C. selling goods
down areas of a city is known as
D. research
A. gentrification
428. the amount of goods or services that a
B. illegal activity producer wants to sell
C. urban sprawl A. supply
D. urbanization B. demand

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 46

429. Quaternary economic activities involve A. Banking in 1

providing services, such as those per- B. Ranching in 1
formed by teachers, truck drivers, and
physicians. C. Shopping in 2

A. True D. Manufacturing in 2

B. False 434. Types of Economic Systems:The govern-

ment controls all means of production.
430. Based on the following chart, comment

NARAYAN CHANGDER
True or False:There was a time when for A. Traditional
every 10 coins of global GDP, 5 coins were B. Command
created in China and India. C. Market
D. Mixed

435. How could you best characterize an spe-

cial export zones?

A. Correct
B. Sai

431. What type of country has a majority of

people with a low standard of living? A. Place separate from the rest of the
country for high tech industries.
A. Newly Industrialized Countries (NIC)
B. Place within a country with separate
B. Less Developed Countries (LDC) economic rules that facilitate trade
C. More Developed Countries (MDC) C. Place within a country where busi-
D. None of these options nesses avoid due to odd trade laws.

432. What is it:money that is charged by a D. Area on the coast of China and India
bank or other financial organization for that are rapidly industrializing.
borrowing money? 436. refers to the level of wealth and com-
A. credit fort available to a person or community.
B. loan A. standard of living
C. interest B. sustainability
D. inflation C. outsourcing
D. deindustrialization
433. Which economic activity is correctly
placed on this diagram? 437. What is the study of the process by which
individuals and countries make choices
about the use of their resources?
A. Ecology

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 47

B. Ergonomics 443. Based on the section on Natural Re-

C. Economics sources, raw materials are need from how
many different continents to make a pen-

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D. Geometrics cil?
438. Which state is the largest in the United A. 3
States?
B. 4
A. Texas
C. 5
B. California
C. Alaska D. 6
D. Arizona E. 7

439. Which type of economy is usually paired 444. Which of the following are among the
with a Communist government? main industrial activities found in the
A. Mixed eThekwini metropolitan?
B. Market A. Sugar refining
C. Command B. Light industries
D. Traditional C. Rayon
440. Specialized production occurs when D. Hi-tech manufacturing
A. a country has a comparative advan-
tage 445. Which sector has grown the fastest in de-
veloped countries?
B. a country doesn’t trade with any other
countries A. primary
C. a country makes all its own products B. secondary
D. none of above
C. tertiary
441. Which of these is an example of Primary D. none of above
Economic Activity
A. making a hut out of grass or twigs 446. Food processing industries, like bakeries,
B. 3M using resources to make tape are generally (A. heavy or B. light) indus-
tries.
C. Google providing information from a
search A. A
D. Amazon providing a place to buy prod- B. B
ucts
447. The cottage industry system involved
442. The sector is linked to research and manufacturing
development.
A. of steam engines.
A. primary
B. secondary B. of hand-made luxury goods.

C. tertiary C. in the home.

D. quaternary D. in small factories.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 48

448. Why does India preserve so many rare A. Socialism

animal species? B. Communism
A. Religion C. Capitalism
B. Law D. Traditionalism
C. Topographic
452. Mexico is an example of a(n) , be-
D. All 3 are correct cause its transitioning from a primarily
agricultural economy to an economy pri-

NARAYAN CHANGDER
449. Which of the following is the goal of the marily focused on manufacturing and in-
United Nations? dustrial activities.
A. Maintain international peace and secu- A. agricultural country
rity
B. newly industrialized country
B. Carry out economic cooperation
C. less developed country
C. Resolve commercial disputes between
D. more developed country
members
D. Moving towards complete liberaliza- 453. Go to Intracen to look up. Where does
tion of international trade iron and steel rank in the export value of
Indian products in 2019?
450. Deindustrialization occurred at the na-
tional level in the U.S. and U.K. when-
heavy industry (cars, steel, etc.) was
moved to locations with
A. greater access to major ports
B. lower production costs A. 7
C. a more educated population B. 8
D. economies more geared toward ter- C. 9
tiary economic activities D. 10
E. higher industrial-economic develop- 454. Primary sector materials are:
ment
Explanation:When companies engaged in A. banking and health care
heavy industry began to move operations B. manufactured products, such as cars
to locations with lower production costs C. mining, farming, fishing and forestry
(foreign markets), the U.S. and U.K. expe-
rienced deindustrialization. D. none of above

451. This economic system arose at the begin- 455. This smiling guy is Russia’s current and
ning of the Industrial Revolution. longest serving President.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 49

A. Putin 461. In what way is subsistence farming dif-

B. Gorbachev ferent from commercial farming?

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C. Yeltsin A. Farmers grow just enough crops for
their family to survive.
D. Stalin
B. The government regulates farm pro-
456. The GDP is the total value of the goods duction and distribution.
and services that a country produces.
C. Market oriented farms grow products
A. True to sell to customers.
B. False D. Subsistence farmers specialize in
457. Growing crops and raising live stock to growing crops that can be sold for profits.
meet family needs is called
462. Which are examples of how economic ac-
A. Commercial farming tivity has changed over time?
B. Mixed farming A. Industrial labor systems
C. Subsistence farming
B. migration from rural to urban areas
D. none of above
C. growth of trade alliances
458. What are pull factors in migration? D. All of these
A. Factors that motivate people to leave
their places 463. Name the IDZ situated in PE-Uitenhage
B. Factors that attract people to their A. Saldanha
place of destination
B. Coega
C. Factors related to political stability
and good government services C. Richards Bay

D. Factors related to natural calamities D. Polokwane

and bad climate
464. what two factors in spatial distribution
459. he belief that one’s devotion to one’s A. cause and effect
state or country is more important than
any other group is called B. site and sound
A. Nationalism C. site and situation
B. Terrorism D. situation and urbanization
C. Internationalism
465. Gentrification
D. Cultureless
A. Is the restoration and regrowth of de-
460. A system in which people produce and teriorated urban houses and stores
consume goods & services.
B. Creates a decrease in land value
A. economy
C. Does not affect neighborhoods that
B. economic activity have been historically inhabited by a cer-
C. raw materials tain ethnic group
D. primary sector D. Only happens in rural areas

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 50

466. Define outsourcing. B. America

A. The process by which businesses or C. Canada
other organizations develop international D. China
influence or start operating on an interna-
tional scale 471. Money granted by the government to as-
B. The action of making or manufacturing sist an industry or business so that prices
from components or raw materials, or the remain low or competitive.
process of being so manufactured. A. Tariff

NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. A practice used by different companies B. Subsidy
to reduce costs by transferring portions of
C. Welfare
work to outside suppliers rather than com-
pleting it internally. D. Free-enterprise
D. none of above 472. Secondary source documents are all of
the following EXCEPT:
467. production of goods and services is deter-
mined by a centralgovernment A. Original materials
A. command economy B. Sources created later by someone who
B. market economy did not participate in the event

C. Traditional Economy C. Interpretations of original documents

D. Mixed Economy D. An analysis of primary sources or

events
468. When the word capita means this when
we talk about the economy: 473. Which of these can be categorized as a
secondary economic activity?
A. Sofia
A. healthcare
B. A capital
B. information technology
C. People
C. textile production
D. I don’t know
D. teaching
469. Which of the following is an advantage
of a free market economic system? 474. Comercial farms sell their produce in or-
der to make a
A. Producers and consumers have free-
dom to choose what to sell and buy.
B. Government regulations determine
what is produced.
C. Goods are evenly distributed among
all members of society.
D. Some people will not be able to afford
property and goods. A. sell

470. Which country has the largest forest area B. export

in the world? C. profit
A. that D. none of above

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 51

475. The government has little to no role in the 479. The level of economic activity is rep-
production of goods in this type of econ- resented in this photograph.
omy.

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A. Tertiary
A. Traditional B. Primary
B. Mixed C. Quaternary
C. Command D. Secondary

D. Market 480. Which of the following is a nonrenewable

resource?
476. These resources, such as trees, can be re- A. water
placed through natural processes. Exam-
ples are trees. B. oxygen
C. oil
A. Renewable Resources
D. wood
B. Nonrenewable Resources
C. Inexhaustible energy sources 481. If a factory is making a product that is in-
creasing in bulk, then the optimal location
D. Recycled Resources for that factory will be:

477. What is the definition of trade or com- A. Near the Inputs

merce? B. An equal distance from the inputs and
the market
A. Exchange of goods and services
through government regulation C. Near the Market

B. Barter system of goods and services D. No optimal location for this product

C. Forced exchange of goods and ser- 482. Give a definition for SDI’s
vices A. It is an extension of the secondary sec-
D. Exchange of goods and services based tor, which focus on education and train-
on mutual agreement ing.
B. It is an extension of BEE, which focus
478. What is the name of the famous Mayan on growth of bee hives and their colonies
pyramid in Mexico?
C. It is an extension of Quaternary sec-
A. Teotihuacan tor, which focus on research and develop-
ment.
B. Chichen Itza
D. It is an extension of GEAR, which fo-
C. Tikal
cus on growth, employment and redistri-
D. Machu Picchu bution.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 52

483. Which of the following images best rep- 488. A statistical tool used to measure a coun-
resents Life Expectancy? try’s overall achievement in its social and
economic dimensions.
A.
A. GDP
B. GDP Per Capita
B. C. HDI
D. Tariff

NARAYAN CHANGDER
489. What are the factories in Mexico called?
C.
A. Mariachi
B. Maquiladoras
C. Commercial Factories
D.
D. No factories in Mexico

490. The inputs needed for the creation of a

484. The UN created 17 Sustainable Develop- good or service including land, labor, en-
ment Goals to help prevent what? trepreneurship, and capital
A. Lack of resources and global inequality A. Free Trade Agreements
B. Lack of access to technology B. Outsourcing
C. Too many people moving to cities C. Factors of Production
D. Not enough individuals in rural areas D. Common Market

485. Natural resources include 491. Which of the following is a tertiary eco-
nomic activity?
A. private business
A. Banking
B. education
B. Canning
C. water, oil, soil, sun, plants, minerals
C. Fishing
D. trade
D. Ranching
486. The largest container port in the world is:
492. Which sector of economy would you find
A. S is true, China this job:Speaker of the House of Represen-
B. Shanghai, China tatives (Kevin McCarthy)
C. Hong Kong, China A. Primary Sector
D. Guangzhou, China B. Secondary Sector

487. Which sector of economy would you find C. Tertiary Sector

this job:removing the skin from a potato. D. Quaternary Sector
A. Primary Sector 493. A engages in tertiary economic activ-
B. Secondary Sector ity.
C. Tertiary Sector A. carpenter
D. Quaternary Sector B. lumberjack

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 53

C. orange grower 499. What does the population pyramid show

D. police officer about the birthrate in this country?

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A. A low birthrate-not a lot of babies be-
494. Is a system based on free enterprise, in
ing born
which businesses are privately owned and
production and prices are determined by B. A high birthrate-a lot of babies being
supply and demand. born
A. Traditional Economy System C. A high population of older people
B. Market Economy System D. none of above
C. Free Enterprise
500. Industry where someone makes goods in
D. Capitalism their home and sells them.
495. What is a major determining factor for A. Subsistence Agriculture
what is bought and sold in a free market B. Commercial Agriculture
economy?
C. Cottage Industry
A. supply and demand
D. Commercial Manufacturing
B. government policy
C. equal access to wealth 501. Pull factors are
D. family traditions
496. Vietnam’s labor productivity lagged be-
hind Japan by how many years?
A. 40 years
B. 50 years
C. 30 years
A. good things that draw a person to an-
D. 60 years other country.
497. The principle that limited amounts of B. reasons people leave an area
goods and services are available to meet
C. reasons that drive a person out of their
unlimited wants.
country
A. shortage
D. none of above
B. scarcity
C. wants 502. The term, “land” means:

D. needs A. Physical land and natural resources

that a business might need
498. Workers in this sector of the economy
B. Work the people do to produce goods
PROCESS natural resources into finished
and services.
goods
C. Goods not created for their own use,
A. Primary
but to make other goods/services.
B. Secondary
D. Person who organizes the factors of
C. Tertiary production to produce goods/services;
D. none of above business owners.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 54

503. This type of economic activity can be B. Steelmaking

found anywhere, usually in places with a C. Furniture Manufacturing
high standard of living and a warm climate
D. Food Packaging
A. Primary Sector
E. Car Manufacturing
B. Secondary Sector Explanation:A bulk-reducing industry is
C. Tertiary Sector one in which the final product has less vol-
D. Quaternary Sector ume than its inputs. Steel production is

NARAYAN CHANGDER
the only bulk-reducing industry listed.
504. How many proposals that we have pre-
sented to improve Vietnam’s productiv- 509. What is subsistence farming?
ity? A. an agricultural practice that produces
A. 4 just enough food for a farmer’s family
B. growing large quantities of crops or
B. 5
livestock in order to sell them for a profit
C. 3
C. a business or manufacturing activity
D. 6 carried on in a person’s home
505. are areas outside the city D. none of above
A. suburbs 510. Tertiary Activity is
B. downtown A. Basic, necessary activities
C. suburbs B. Using resources from primary activi-
D. slums ties and creating a product
C. Service sector connects the manufac-
506. Which of these is an example of Sec-
turers with the customers
ondary Economic Activity
D. none of above
A. making a hut out of grass or twigs
B. 3M using resources to make tape 511. All of the following are related to the
value of capital resources except-
C. Google providing information from a
search A. Labor resources
D. Amazon providing a place to buy prod- B. The availability of money for invest-
ucts ment
C. The level of infrastructure
507. Country with very low literacy rate, low
life expectancy, high unemployment. D. The availability and use of tools, ma-
chines and technologies.
A. Developed
B. Developing 512. Why do countries export goods and ser-
vices?
C. Least Developed
A. To generate income
D. none of above
B. To create a trade imbalance and
508. Which of the following is an example of weaken their economy
a bulk-reducing industry? C. To limit their own access to goods and
A. Water Bottling services

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 55

D. To deplete their own resources and 517. Which of the following is not a factor that
harm their economy hinders mining?

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A. Fluctuation in rand exchange rates
513. Before globalization, most countries
were dominated by industries in which sec- B. Underground water is dangerous
tors? C. Low paid labour
A. primary and secondary sector D. Labour costs have risen steeply
B. secondary and tertiary sector E. Mines are far inland-transport to har-
C. tertiary and quaternary sector bours
D. primary and quaternary sector 518. What are some nonrenewable resources?

514. Which of the following is NOT a charac- A. Renewable energy sources, water, air
teristic of a developed nation? B. Solar power, wind power, geothermal
A. Computer software development energy
C. Plants, animals, soil
B. Free Health Care and Racial Equality
D. Fossil fuels, minerals, metals
C. High per capita income
D. Varied economy 519. Students study Commercial Geography
A. to understand how those people of
515. Many factory jobs have moved to this re- that countries have utilized their re-
gion of the U.S. today because of lower sources for progress.
costs of living and anti-labor union senti-
ment. What is this region called? B. in the selection of right path for their
future, so that they can become success-
ful businessman, industrialist, traders,
bankers, etc.
C. to create traffic awareness
D. to create moral awareness

520. People who work in which of these per-

form tertiary economic activities?
A. Rust Belt A. a fishing company
B. Sun Belt B. a restaurant
C. Bible Belt C. a brewery
D. Belt Belt D. a utility company
516. An entrepreneur is a person who 521. An industry in which the final product
A. owns their own business weighs less or comprises a lower volume
than the inputs.
B. uses goods and services to produce la-
bor, land, and capital. A. Just-in-time delivery
C. use land, labor, and capital to produce B. Bulk-gaining industry
good and services. C. Bulk-reducing industry
D. loves nature and runs a business D. Right-to-work law

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 56

522. a country that has begun transitioning 527. This image represents which sector?
from primarily agricultural to primarily
manufacturing and industrial activity.
A. more developed country
B. less developed country
C. newly industrialized country
D. command country

NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. Primary Activity
523. a system in which factors of production B. Secondary Activity
are privately owned.
C. Tertiary Activity
A. free enterprise
D. Quaternary Activity
B. mixed economy
C. command economy 528. What is the definition of Imperialism?

D. capitalism A. A policy or ideology of isolating a coun-

try from the rest of the world and avoiding
524. The primary sector of the economy any form of international involvement.
B. A policy or ideology of extending a
country’s power and influence through
peaceful negotiations and diplomatic rela-
tions with other nations or territories.
C. A policy or ideology of extending a
country’s power and influence through col-
onization, use of military force, or eco-
A. provides raw materials from nature
nomic dominance over other nations or
B. provides a variety of services territories.
C. offers money D. A policy or ideology of promoting
D. none of above cultural diversity and respecting the
sovereignty of other nations or territo-
525. What allowed for the creation of ries.
Maquiladoras?
529. An example of an economic activity con-
A. NAFTA cerned with the extraction of raw material
B. NATO is
C. ANSWER A. transport
D. HDI B. construction.

526. Economic activity that involves taking C. mining.

raw materials from the earth or water. D. research.
A. primary sector 530. The worldwide exchange of goods, ser-
B. secondary sector vices and ideas:
C. tertiary sector A. globalization
D. services B. recession

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 57

C. NAFTA 536. What type of resource is shown in the pic-

D. Multinatural cooperation ture?ANDWhat level of economic activity
would it be?(SELECT TWO)

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531. Which of the following trade barriers is a
block or restriction on trade with another
country.
A. Tariff
B. Embargo
C. Quota
D. none of above A. Primary
532. A country in which civil liberties and hu- B. Secondary
man rights are sometimes recognized or C. Tertiary
protected
D. Primary
A. More Developed Country
E. Capital
B. Less Developed Country
537. what is the trade agreement between US,
C. Newly Industrialized Country
Mexico and Canada
D. none of above
A. NATO
533. Local communities can BENEFIT from B. United Nations
tourism by C. NAFTA
A. more jobs created within the industry D. OPEC
B. more use of local resources
538. What are some costs of using resources?
C. high quality experiences
A. Environmental impact, depletion of
D. culture clashes natural resources, financial expenses
534. A country that has a highly developed B. No financial expenses
economy and advanced technological in- C. Positive impact on the environment
frastructure relative to other less de-
D. Increased availability of resources
veloped countries (Ex:U.S., South Korea,
Sweden 539. The using of goods and services
A. More Developed Country A. choice
B. Less Developed Country B. consumption
C. Newly Industrialized Country C. incentives
D. none of above D. resources
535. Economic activity that involves using raw 540. What position does Xi Jinping hold in the
materials to manufacture goods Chinese government apparatus?
A. primary sector A. President
B. secondary sector B. General Secretary
C. tertiary sector C. President of Congress
D. services D. Prime minister

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 58

541. a system of resource management in

which the government supports and regu-
lates enterprise through decisions that ef-
fect the market place.
A. mixed economy
B. command economy
A. primary sector
C. traditional economy
B. secondary sector

NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. market economy C. tertiary sector
542. What are some positives of globaliza- D. quaternary sector
tion?
547. Which of the following countries has a
A. Cheap sneakers and clothes comparative advantage in regards to ship-
B. Cheap electronics ping lanes?
C. Information is easy to access and it
travels quickly (internet and social media)
D. All of the answers are correct

543. Countries with high standards of living,

high GDPs, lots of industrialization
A. developing countries
B. developed countries
C. market systems
A. Country A
D. command systems
B. Country B
544. Goods and services are traded. Money is C. Country C
not exchanged.
D. Country D
A. Traditional Economy
548. A command economy is where
B. Command Economy
A. the government dictates what is pro-
C. Market Economy duced and how it is distributed.
D. Mixed Economy B. there is lumber.
545. An entrepreneurship is when an individ- C. natural products are made.
ual works for a large company that an- D. a person processes information.
other person founded.
549. These countries are moving from primar-
A. True
ily agricultural activities to primarily man-
B. False ufacturing and industrial activities; and
Explanation:An entrepreneurship is when shows improvements in socioeconomic de-
an individual works for themselves. velopment.

546. Based on the graph shown, this country’s A. More Developed Country
economy is focused on the B. Newly Industrialized Countries

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 59

C. Less Developed Countries A. Sedentary agriculture

D. none of above B. Subsistence agriculture

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C. Shifting agriculture
550. How much percentage does mining con-
tribute to South Africa’s GDP? D. Commercial agriculture
A. 28, 6% 555. In the United States, the majority of busi-
B. 6% nesses are privately owned and the gov-
ernment control of businesses is limited.
C. 9, 6%
This identifies it as having what type of
D. 50% economy?
551. Some factories are close to where the A. Traditional Economy
buyers of their products are, such as a bak- B. Market Economy
ery located in the town
C. Socialist Economy
A. Heavy industry D. Command Economy
B. Market-orientated industry E. Mixed Economy
C. Light industry
556. A type of autocracy government that a
D. Footloose industry king, (Emperor) or queen (Empress) hold
552. What is the effect of centralisation on in- all the power.
dustrial development? A. Monarchy
A. Creating areas of industrial growth B. Oligarchy
outside the core areas C. Theocracy
B. They are industrial development points D. Democracy
C. Promote growth in areas that are un-
557. What is real GDP?
derdeveloped
A. The value of goods and services, using
D. A lot of industries found in one area
current prices and ignoring inflation
553. The location of resources has a direct in- B. The value of goods and services, ad-
fluence on economic activity. justed for the impact of inflation
A. True C. The division of the GDP by the popula-
B. False tion of the country
D. The total amount of money earned by
554. As in the picture above, most people liv- a nation’s people and businesses
ing in undeveloped countries engage in
558. If Country A has a low growth rate, high
literacy rate, and largely tertiary level eco-
nomic activity, then it is
A. developing
B. in transition
C. developed
D. in North Africa

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 60

559. A car dealership provides a service, and 564. What type of economic activity requires
therefore, is an example of which activ- extensive areas of land?
ity?
A. Manufacturing
A. Primary Sector
B. Mining
B. Secondary Sector
C. Tertiary Sector C. Agriculture

D. Quaternary Sector D. Retail

NARAYAN CHANGDER
560. The five stages of growth experienced by 565. Singapore became a trading colony of the
countries who ascribe to the international British Empire in
trade approach to economic development;
namely, traditional society, preconditions A. 1924
for take-off, take-off, drive to maturity, B. 1824
and the age of high mass consumption.
C. 1842
A. Rostow’s Stages of Growth Model
B. Hotelling’s Model D. none of above
C. Wallenstein’s Word Systems Theory
566. A capital intensive industry that requires
D. Weber’s Least Cost Theory much raw materials and energy, e.g. iron
and steel works.
561. are given by government to en-
sure its products produced in their country A. Heavy Industry
would cost less and are more competitive
than those from other countries. B. Light Industry

A. Quota C. Footloose
B. Standards D. Trade
C. Exchange control
567. Manufacturing system that relies on
D. Subsidies
highly educated workers, doing complex
562. A industry can be located near either tasks with a high degree of flexibility.
the market or the source of the raw mate- A. Fordism
rial.
A. raw material orientatec B. Toyotaism

B. market orientation C. Post-Fordism

C. ubiquitous D. Assembly Line
D. footloose
568. Which country/region is the odd one out
563. Which economic region is the heart of Chi- in terms of attracting FDI?
nese industry?
A. Noon
A. northeast
B. Northern Canada
B. Hoa Bac
C. Mid flowers C. Mali
D. Hoa Nam D. Paris

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 61

569. A maquiladora is a(n): an individual or family’s decision to mi-

A. foreign-owned assemblycompanies lo- grate from one place to another. Migra-
tion often results from a combination of

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cated in the United States-Mexico border
region both push and pull factors, as people seek
a better life and escape unfavorable con-
B. an example of favelas in the undevel- ditions.
oped outskirts of Manila in the Philippines.
573. Unlike the UK and US, a significant pro-
C. a technological advance in textile man-
portion of the shares on the stock ex-
ufacturing that increases the speed of
changes of China and Russia are of state-
denim production.
owned enterprises. Which judgement
D. elite family that possesses a dispro- about China and Russia can be made from
portionate amount of material wealth in this information?
Latin America
A. their distribution of income and wealth
570. Which French industry ranks first in Eu- B. their level of development
rope and third in the world? C. their stages of production
A. Aerospace D. their type of economic system
B. Severe sun
574. The effective use of raw materials, labor
C. Light sun and capital is called
D. Energy industry A. investment
571. Economic Sectors:Revolve around provid- B. development
ing information and services to people. C. implementation
A. Primary Sector D. experimentation
B. Secondary Sector 575. What is the tertiary level of economic ac-
C. Tertiary Sector tivity?
D. Quarternary Sector A. Service industry
E. Quinary Sector B. Mining
C. Manufacturing
572. What is the main difference between
push and pull factors in migration? D. Agriculture

A. Push factors encourage people to 576. Industry where goods are made in large
move, while pull factors make them want factories.
to move A. Subsistence Agriculture
B. Pull factors and push factors are all B. Commercial Agriculture
the same
C. Cottage Industry
C. Nothing D. Commercial Manufacturing
D. A little
Explanation:Push factors push people 577. Why do developed nations consume most
away from their current location, while of the world’s energy resources?
pull factors pull them towards a new lo- A. Lack of access to renewable energy
cation. Together, these factors influence sources

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 62

B. Lower population density 581. The HDI is scored between

C. Less demand for energy A. 0-5
D. Higher levels of industrialization, ur- B. 1-10
banization, and technological advance- C. 0-1
ments D. 1-5
578. Nuclear power plants produce energy 582. Deindustrialization can be defined as:
with far more pollution than power plants

NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. A decline in the importance of the pri-
that burn fossil fuels.
mary sector
A. True B. A decline in the importance of the sec-
B. False ondary sector
C. An increase in the importance of the
579. How is a country’s literacy rate associ-
secondary sector
ated with its Gross Domestic Product per
capita? D. A decline in the importance of the pri-
mary and secondary sectors
A. A low literacy rate typically means a
high per capita GDP. 583. A market economy is very different from
a command economic system or a tradi-
B. There is no connection between a
tional system. Which of the following is
country’s per capita GDP and literacy rate.
found in a market economy?
C. A country’s per capita GDP is not af-
A. Free labor
fected by the country’s literacy rate.
B. Competition between businesses
D. There is a strong correlation between
a country’s high literacy rate and its high C. Government control of industry
per capita GDP. D. Government control of agriculture

580. Brain drain occurs when: 584. Which of the following terms is most
closely associated with the international
A. young people leave their home country (global) division of labor?
for education and donot return
A. outsourcing
B. teachers are underpaid and leave edu-
B. primary economic activities
cation to work in otherindustries
C. national debt
C. a workforce is undereducated and can
only perform low-skill jobs D. economic sustainability

D. educational facilities close due to lack 585. On October 21, 2020, 100 Indian rupees
of funding and support fromthe govern- can be exchanged for:
ment A. More than 30000 VND and less than 35
E. girls and women do not have the same THB
access to education as boysand men B. More than 150 JPY and less than 90
Explanation:Brain drain occurs when RUB
young people leave their home country C. More than 20 MXN or less than 50 PHP
to obtain an education superior to the one
they could obtain in their home country D. The three answers above are all wrong
and do not return. E. There is more than one correct answer

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 63

586. A political and economic theory of so- 591. What resource is shown in the pic-
cial organization that advocates that the ture?ANDWhat level of economic activity
means of production, distribution, and ex- would it be?(SELECT TWO)

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change should be owned or regulated by
the community as a whole.
A. Capitalism
B. Free Enterprise
C. Market Economy
D. Socialism
A. Primary
587. An outcome of globalization that can be
B. Secondary
explained as the spatial shift of manufac-
turing industries (low-skilled labor) from C. Tertiary
more developed countries to developing D. Human
countries. High skilled labor still resides
in MDC’s. E. Natural
A. Factors of Production 592. In Indonesia, the government owns large
B. Free Trade Agreement industries and sets some prices. How-
ever, private businesses are also encour-
C. International (Global) Division of La-
aged. Currently several hundred private
bor
businesses exist in Indonesia. This coun-
D. Human Development Index try’s economic system can best be classi-
fied as-
588. How many main factors of production for
our economy? A. traditional
A. 1 B. free market
B. 3 C. communist
C. 4 D. democratic socialist
D. 2 593. The countryside would be
589. Levels of economic development never A. urban
vary from country to country.
B. rural
A. True
594. What can you infer from this map?
B. False
A. There is a very small portion of land
590. What is the definition of a good? used for cow pasture
A. anything that can be produced or B. There is little range of economic activ-
grown ities
B. something that someone does for C. There is a wide range of economic ac-
someone else in exchange for money tivities
C. something you like D. There is a very large portion of land
D. an expert in something used for railroads

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 64

595. A (A. footloose or B. ubiquitous) indus- 600. Which group has the greatest influence in
try can be located near either the market determining what goods and services will
or the source of the raw material. be produced in a communist economy?
A. A A. farmers
B. B B. consumers

596. A company faces 2 geographic costs C. business leaders

in which a firm seeks to reduce the cost D. the government

NARAYAN CHANGDER
of transporting inputs to factories and fin-
ished products to market; and which 601. An example of a quaternary economic ac-
firms seek a location with unique charac- tivityis
teristics
A. fishing.
A. situation factors; site factors
B. ship building.
B. Input factors; output factors
C. service provision.
C. More developed factor; less devel-
D. research.
oped factor
D. bulk-gaining factors; bulk reducing fac- 602. a system in which private individuals or
tors groups have the right to own property or
businesses and make profit with limited
597. When similar businesses agglomerate, government interference
they maximize profit. What is this called?
A. traditional economy
B. market economy
C. free enterprise
D. mixed economy

603. This map is clearly showing the diffusion

A. Centrality
of what phenomenon?
B. Latitudinarian Principle
C. Locational Interdependence
D. Dependency Theory

598. In a COMMUNIST economy, consumer

goods are considered as
A. essential
B. less than essential
A. internet commerce
599. What type of farming makes use of
labour B. irrigation
A. Intensive C. industrialization
B. Extensive D. agglomeration

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 65

604. Out of the following countries, who A. Land

would have the highest standard of living? B. Labor

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A. Mexico C. Capital
B. Somalia D. Entrepreneurship
C. Afghanistan
609. The United States sends billions of dollars
D. Japan worth of computers to other countries for
605. Which accurately describes the supply of sale. This is an example of an
natural resources in the United States and
Canada?
A. The US lacks mineral resources, but
has plenty of farmland.
B. The US lacks farmland, but has a large
supply of oil and gas.
C. The US has many different types of nat-
ural resources, which has created a diver- A. export
sified economy B. import
D. The US has plenty of natural resources 610. Which factor determines a country’s abil-
like cars and clothing. ity to exchange goods?
606. The strength of a country’s economy can A. Access to communication networks
be measured by several indicators, or B. Educational achievement
signs.
C. Specialization in certain goods and ser-
A. True vices
B. False D. Standards of living
607. When I say Gross Domestic Product what 611. What does NAFTA stand for?
am I talking about?
A. North American Free Trade Agreement
A. Disgusting Home Things
B. North African Free Trade Agreement
B. Total value of goods and services pro-
C. No American Functioning Traditional
duced by a country
Alliances
C. Big measure of stuff made in the world
D. North American Free Treaty Agree-
D. I don’t know ment
608. Which factor of production does this pic- 612. Choose the correct option
ture represent?

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 66

A. Weber’s Least Cost Theory B. free enterprise

B. Nash Equilibrium C. gross national product
C. Losch’s Zone of Profitability D. market system
D. Hotelling’s Locational Interdepen- 617. What is comparative advantage?
dence Theory
A. Countries will export goods and ser-
613. What type of country has new industries vices that they can produce at lower rel-
with people switching from rural to urban ative costs than other countries

NARAYAN CHANGDER
lifestyles? B. Specialization in goods and services
A. Newly Industrialized Countries (NIC) that a country can market for profit
B. Less Developed Countries (LDC) C. exchabge of goods and services
C. More Developed Countries (MDC) D. the means in which a country uses its
exports
D. None of these options
618. Primary economic activity examples in-
614. are resources that cannot be replaced. Ex. clude all BUT
fossil fuels.
A. fishing
B. car mechanic
C. farmer
D. miner

619. Most democratic countries today have

which economic system?
A. Traditional
B. Market
C. Command
A. Renewable D. Mixed
B. Non-Renewable
620. Southeast Asia is considered part of what
C. Inexhaustible area of the Wallerstein World Systems
D. none of above Theory?
A. Core because its GDP per capita is the
615. Which type of economy is found in North
highest on the planet
Korea?
B. Semi-periphery because of economic
A. Market Economy
growth and the secondary sector
B. Command Economy
C. Tertiary because of the large number
C. Traditional Economy of workers employed in services
D. none of above D. Traditional Economy because of the
number of workers in agriculture
616. The total value of goods and services cre- Explanation:Southeast Asia includes many
ated within a country NICs (Newly Industrialized Countries)
A. capitalism with high numbers of workers employed in

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 67

the secondary economic sector and speed B. Semi-periphery countries

of economic growth.
C. Periphery countries

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621. Workers in this sector of the economy D. none of above
PROVIDE SERVICES rather than working
with natural resources 626. something that motivates one to act
A. Primary A. unique
B. Secondary B. command
C. Tertiary C. regulate
D. none of above
D. incentive
622. Choose the correct option
627. According to CNN, the United States re-
ceives 80% of its avocados from Mex-
ico. Mexico receives most of its auto parts
from the United States. This is an example
of the following.
A. Interdependence
B. Gross domestic product
A. Primary Sector C. Infrastructure
B. Tertiary Sector D. Gross National product
C. Secondary Sector
628. Great medical care
D. Quaternary Sector
A. Pull
623. What is the area of Brazil that Brasilia is
B. Push
located in?
A. Brazilian Highlands 629. Silicon Valley in Northern California is fa-
B. Coastal mous as the home of many businesses that
produce high-tech products or provide ser-
C. Amazon vices to high-tech companies. This demon-
D. Southern strates the principle of:

624. The amount of money the average person

makes in a country.
A. For Capita Income
B. Income Tax
C. Per Person Salary
D. Allowance A. outsourcing.
B. post-Fordism.
625. are exploited for their raw materials
and cheap labour by the other 2 groups. C. market dependence.
A. Core countries D. agglomeration economies.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 68

630. OPEC sets the production limits in or- C. Trade

der to regulate the global supply. D. Energy supply
A. Crude oil
635. Which Japanese industry is the top in the
B. Lumber world?
C. Fish A. Banking finance
D. Beef B. Commerce
C. Shipping

NARAYAN CHANGDER
631. Primary economic activities use natural
resources directly to provide raw materi- D. Manufacturing industry
als for industry. Which of the following 636. Cultural Boundaries
statements describes the logical next sec-
A. divide two groups of people with a dif-
tor activity?
ferent way of life.
A. Quaternary activities research and de-
B. are formed by written agreements that
velop new products.
separate nations
B. Tertiary activities use raw materials to C. follow natural features such as rivers
produce or manufacture new goods. of mountains
C. Secondary activities use raw materials D. are always permanent
to produce or manufacture new goods.
637. Push factors are
D. Quaternary activities recycle raw ma-
terials for reuse.

632. What percentage of the world’s CO2

does the United States contribute each
year?
A. 20%
B. 30% A. good things that draw a person to an-
other country
C. 40%
B. reasons that drive a person out of their
D. 15% country
633. What is an example of how government C. reasons people migrate to a new area
is influenced by geography?
A. A geometric boundary D. none of above
B. A religious boundary 638. In this type of economy, the government
C. a natural boundary places control on businesses, but the indi-
vidual decides what to make.
D. a cultural boundary

634. The baking industry, found in almost ev-

ery urban centre, is an example of this
type of industry.
A. Ubiquitous
B. Footloose

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 69

A. Mixed C. a middle HDI

B. Market D. nothing

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C. Command
644. A business with facilities in more than
D. Traditional one country
639. What is Commercial farming (agricul- A. IMF
ture/agribusiness)?
B. World bank
A. Farming in which nearly all of the crops
C. multinational corporation
or livestock raised are used to maintain
the farmer and the farmer’s family D. international corporation
B. growing large quantities of crops or
645. Products that generally last less than a
livestock in order to sell them for a profit
year are
C. a business or manufacturing activity
carried on in a person’s home A. durable goods

D. none of above B. nondurable goods

C. natural goods
640. What is the major natural resource of the
Middle East? D. tertiary goods
A. Diamonds
646. Warehousing that stores and distributes
B. Apples products is an example of this type of in-
C. Gold dustry.
D. Oil A. Trade

641. A person who is paid hourly AND has spe- B. Footloose

cialized abilities and training is considered C. Heavy Industry
a part of
D. Raw Material
A. Unskilled Labor
B. Skilled Labor 647. Which country in the world uses the most
fossil fuels per capita?
C. Semi-Skilled Labor
A. China
D. Professional Labor
B. Australia
642. Freedom of private business to organize
and operate for profit is a definition of C. United States

A. Investment D. India
B. Gross Domestic Product 648. The scientific study of human society and
C. Free Enterprise social relationships
D. Money A. social science
643. What does a 1 on the HDI scale mean? B. economics
A. a high HDI C. economic systems
B. a low HDI D. economics

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 70

649. Resources and technology never influ- 653. Which is a resource that allows nations
ence economic development and quality of to develop a high per-capita GDP?
life.
A. State-owned farms
A. True
B. humanitarian aid
B. False
C. skilled workforce
650. What type of government has a king or
queen that holds all the power? D. governmental restrictions

NARAYAN CHANGDER
654. What are resources that are replaced by
the Earth’s Natural Processes called?
A. renewable resources
B. exhaustible resources
C. finite resources
D. non-renewable resources
A. Monarchy
655. In a command economy, the government-
B. Dictatorship
A. has little say in what is produced
C. Direct Democracy
B. does not influence the distribution of
D. Republic
goods and services
651. Which level of development is a country C. ensures that there is a wide gap be-
where most people work at the subsis- tween rich and poor
tence level?
D. controls all economic decisions of a
country

656. Capital is the tools and facilities needed

for production
A. True
B. False
A. More Developed
B. Newly Industrialized 657. Which factors are favourable for the min-
ing industry in SA?
C. Less Developed
A. SA has a variety of minerals
D. none of above
B. The quality and concentration of miner-
652. involves gathering raw materials. als are high
A. Primary Activities
C. Coal abundant supply-energy for elec-
B. Secondary Activities tricity
C. Tertiary Activities D. Minerals near the surface reduces pro-
D. Quaternary Activities duction costs

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 71

658. Based on the graph shown, this country’s B. legal limits on sawmill production in
economy is focused on the U.S. forests

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C. the slowed housing market in the U.S.
led to lower demand for plywood and
building materials
D. forest fires have destroyed the most vi-
able forests

663. Look at the graph to answer the ques-

A. primary sector tion.Which is a reason the population in
B. secondary sector these three cities changed between 1870
and 1920?
C. tertiary sector
D. quaternary sector

659. One of Germany’s major , or goods or

services sent to another country for sale,
is luxury cars such as
A. imports
B. exports
C. tariffs
D. raw materials

660. An example of a secondary sector activ-

ity is A. Free farmland was provided to set-
tlers.
A. education (teaching)
B. Many men went overseas to fight in
B. manufacturing wars.
C. banking C. New industries provided jobs for peo-
D. farming (agriculture) ple.

661. Which country is Vietnam’s largest trad- D. Fewer immigrants moved to these ar-
ing partner in Europe? eas.

A. Virtue 664. According to Immanuel Wallerstein’s

B. Older brother world-system theory, the modernnetwork
of global economic interdependence and
C. France competition began:
D. IDEA A. when European nations began explor-
ing outside of their continent inthe 1600s
662. Based on the graph presented, which of
the following could explain the decrease in B. with the spread of the Industrial Revo-
employment of workers in U.S. sawmills? lution from northern Europeto Asia
A. mechanization and automation have C. in the early 1990s with the collapse of
reduced the number of workers the Soviet Union and fall ofcommunism

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 72

D. after the United States resumed trade A. Land

with Great Britain followingthe American
B. Labor
Revolution
E. with the spread of capitalism at the C. Capital
end of the 19th century D. Enterprise
Explanation:Immanuel Wallerstein theo-
rized that the modern network of coun-
669. A system of government in which those
tries engagedin trade and competition
who rule are regard as divinely (godlike)

NARAYAN CHANGDER
emerged when European nations began
inspired.
exploring the rest of the world.
A. Monarchy
665. What is a tertiary industry?
A. Provides a service for people B. Oligarchy
B. Manufactures products C. Theocracy
C. Collects or produces natural re- D. Democracy
sources
D. Research and technology 670. Germany ranks 2nd in the world in which
of the following aspects?
666. Which factor Is matched with the correct
box? A. Traffic net
B. Export
C. Import
D. Mineral reserves

671. What is the definition of a resource?

A. Environmental Concerns in Box 1 A. A resource is a source or supply from
B. Population Growth in Box 1 which benefit is produced.
C. Agricultural Output in Box 2 B. A resource is a physical object.
D. Medical Innovation in Box 2 C. A resource is a person or group of peo-
667. In 1846 the Potato Famine left many peo- ple.
ple in Ireland without food. D. A resource is a type of currency.
A. Push
B. Pull 672. Economic Sectors:POTUS is an example of

668. Iron Ore is which kind of factor of produc-

tion? A. Primary Sector
B. Secondary Sector
C. Tertiary Sector
D. Quarternary Sector
E. Quinary Sector

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 73

673. How large is India’s economy in the B. A country that has a developed econ-
world? omy with advanced technological infras-
tructure relative to other less industrial-

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A. 4
ized nations
B. 5
C. A country that has started to industri-
C. 6 alize
D. 7 D. none of above

674. A country that, according to the united 679. In this economic system there is private
nations, exhibits the lowest indicators of property but the state intervenes creating
socioeconomic development. (Ex. Palau, laws and regulating prices.
Pakistan, Zimbabwe)
A. More Developed Country
B. Less Developed Country
C. Newly Industrialized Country
D. none of above
A. Market economy
675. The use of goods or services B. Mixed economy
A. production C. Communism
B. distribution D. Subsistence economy
C. consumption 680. Which are effects of unequal distribution
D. economics of resources?
A. Decreased inequality
676. The secondary sector of the economy B. Equal distribution of resources
A. provides raw materials C. Conflict over control of resources, im-
B. processes raw materials and provides perialism, uneven economic development
manufactured products D. Increased overall well-being
C. designs the company logo 681. Which of the following is a secondary eco-
D. none of above nomic activity?
A. Fishing
677. What is an embargo?
B. Retail
A. A government order to stop trade.
C. Mining
B. A limit placed on imports. D. Production
C. A tax placed on imports.
682. Education encourages economic develop-
D. none of above ment plus which of the following:
A. Innovation
678. How would you describe a More Devel-
oped Country? B. Entrepreneurship
A. Low-income countries characterized C. outdated work practices
by little industry D. Trade Unions

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 74

683. government owns certain businesses and 688. Picking fruit requires no skills or training.
services (healthcare, education); private This type of job falls under the category of
ownership is allowed
A. unskilled labor
B. semi-skilled labor
C. skilled labor
D. professional labor

NARAYAN CHANGDER
689. Example of a Quaternary Economic Activ-
A. capitalism ity
B. socialism A. Researchers/Scientists
C. marxism B. Farmers
D. communism C. Teachers
684. Microcredit loans are most often issued D. Not a geographic term
in developing countries to women.
690. The internal combustion engine is an ex-
A. True
ample of a technology that has created a
B. False demand for what resource?

685. The tertiary sector of the economy A. Petroleum

A. provides a variety of services B. Hydroelectric power

B. produces manufactured goods C. Nuclear power

C. works with chickens D. Renewable energy

D. none of above 691. Economic Sectors:A data analyst is an ex-

ample of
686. World trade is encouraged by the of
natural resources. A. Primary Sector

A. scarcity B. Secondary Sector

B. superabundance C. Tertiary Sector

C. uneven distribution D. Quarternary Sector
D. equitable division E. Quinary Sector

687. Why did people move to the cities during 692. Cultivation or farming of seafood in a con-
the Industrial revolution? trolled, artificial environment is called
A. Jobs in factories A. aquaculture
B. Jobs on the farm B. agriculture
C. Family C. sea farming
D. Friends D. forestry

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 75

693. The growth of cities, brought about by a 698. adding value to raw materials, manufac-
population shift from rural areas and small turing.
communities to large ones, and the change

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from a largely agricultural economy to an
industrial one.
A. Free Enterprise
B. Command Economy
C. Urbanization
D. Socialism

694. A system of government by the whole

population or all the eligible members are A. Primary Activities
elected representatives: B. Quaternary Activities
A. Democracy C. Tertiary Activities
B. Theocracy D. Secondary Activities
C. Monarchy 699. What is a quota?
D. Dictatorship A. tax on import quantities above the le-
gal limit.
695. The the county’s GDP, the better the
B. way to increase tariff revenues for the
standard of living.
exporting country.
A. lower
C. legal limit on the amount of a good that
B. higher can be imported into a country.
C. Entrepreneurship D. legal incentive for members of EU to in-
D. natural resources crease their exports of a good or service.

700. Which of the following factors go into cal-

696. Which of the following years did not have
culating a country’s HDI?
large-scale reforms in China?
A. A decent standard of living
A. 1983
B. A long and healthy life
B. 1988
C. Access to knowledge
C. 1993
D. All of the above
D. 2008
701. True or false:A country that imports and
697. Which indicator dictates a high standard exports goods with other countries is pur-
of living? suing the self-sufficiency path to develop-
ment.
A. population age distribution
A. True
B. large percentage of population living in
rural areas B. False
Explanation:This country would be pursu-
C. limited life expectancy
ing the international trade path to devel-
D. 60% literacy rate opment.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 76

702. Which of the following regions produces 707. Which economy a country has is largely
the most oil? decided by what type of the country
A. China has.
A. industry
B. Russia
B. population
C. the Middle East
C. environment
D. the United States
D. government

NARAYAN CHANGDER
703. An economy where production of goods &
services determined by customer demand 708. are resources that can be replaced natu-
rally overtime.
A. Command
B. Market
C. Traditional
D. Let it happen

704. What is an exchange rate?

A. The rate at which goods are exchanged
between two countries
B. The price of one nation’s currency in
terms of another’s
A. Non-Renewable
C. How many US dollars you can ex-
change for RMB at Travelex B. Inexhaustible
D. The price of goods in terms of a foreign C. Renewable
currency D. Natural resources

705. Economic Sectors:Revolve around making 709. What are quaternary economic activi-
products from natural resources. ties?
A. Primary Sector A. depending on hunting, fishing, farming,
B. Secondary Sector
B. jobs concerned with research and de-
C. Tertiary Sector
velopment
D. Quarternary Sector C. part of the economy that involves ser-
E. Quinary Sector vices
D. jobs concerned with manufacturing
706. An economic system in which businesses,
industries, and resources are privately 710. Where would lower labor costs locations
owned be?
A. market system A. close to the city
B. command system B. marketplace
C. capitalism C. far from the city
D. free enterprise D. none of above

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 77

711. A government ruled by religious leaders 715. Which list correctly ranks this country’s
or has laws based on religion. levels of economic activity from largest to
smallest?

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A. Primary, Secondary, Tertiary
A. Absolute Monarchy
B. Secondary, Tertiary, Primary
B. Traditional Monarchy
C. Secondary, Primary, Tertiary
C. Democracy
D. Tertiary, Primary, Secondary
D. Theocracy
716. What type of source is this? An encyclo-
712. Place where buyers and sellers meet to pedia entry on the Vietnam War
exchange goods and services for money
A. Primary
A. Market
B. Secondary
B. Factor of production
717. A mine of coal is usually:
C. Money
A. Opencast
D. Interdependent
B. Quarry
713. According to Alfred Weber, which one of C. Cave
the following costs of production is the
most important factor in locating a new in- D. Underground
dustry?
718. This type of government typically goes
A. Labor with the Command Economy.
B. Transportation
C. Raw Materials
D. Agglomeration Costs

714. Producers of automobiles select assem-

bly plant locations primarily for their
closer access to
A. government subsidies. A. Democracy
B. raw materials B. Dictatorship
C. water transportation. C. Autocracy
D. labor markets. D. Communism

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 78

719. Types of Economic Systems:The individual 723. Which of the following statements is
makes all decisions and there is no role for false?
government in the economy A. In modern times, corporations have in-
A. Traditional creasingly replaced family farms.
B. Command B. Local farmers are often unable to com-
C. Market pete with agribusiness.
D. Mixed C. Traditionally, agriculture was done by

NARAYAN CHANGDER
families who owned and farmed small
720. What are the main economic activities in tracts of land.
the Andean region?
D. By using machinery, companies are
A. Oil drilling, construction, and banking able to increase the price of agricultural
B. Agriculture, mining, and tourism goods.
C. Fishing, manufacturing, and technol- 724. One of the greatest areas of concern
ogy when utilizing nuclear power is
D. Textile production, forestry, and A. contamination
telecommunications
B. water availability
721. Many companies in the U.S. have relo-
C. land availability
cated to the Sun Belt primarily because of
which of the following: D. cost
A. HDI measures factors such as life ex- 725. Internal combustion engines caused a de-
pectancy, literacy, education level, and mand for
standard of living are higher in the U.S.
A. petroleum
south
B. the climate is warmer for workers B. wood
when compared with the industrial rust C. solar
belt D. wind
C. the south has cheaper costs associ-
ated with labor or real estate 726. It is the act to visiting a leisure destina-
tion with the large amount of people at
D. Southern ports have established trad- one time
ing networks free of trade barriers with
other core countries A. Educational Tourism
Explanation:Costs associated with doing B. Mass Tourism
business in the U.S. are generally lower in C. Cultural Tourism
the south (Sun Belt) when compared with
the northeast (Rust Belt). D. Mainland Tourism

722. Which sector of economy would you find 727. What is the worldwide top producer coun-
this job:advertising creator try of oil?
A. Primary Sector A. Russia
B. Secondary Sector B. Saudi Arabia
C. Tertiary Sector C. USA
D. Quaternary Sector D. Iraq

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 79

728. a set of beliefs, behaviors, and traits 733. Activities provided by another person.
shared by a group of people
A. goods

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A. migration
B. services
B. import
C. needs
C. culture
D. wants
D. export
734. Who is an entrepreneur in the list below?
729. Socialism is usually related to what type
A. farmer
of economy?
B. bulldozer
A. Free Market
C. business owner
B. Command
D. employee
C. Mixed
D. none of above 735. What type of source is this? An original
World War I uniform worn by your great
730. The value of all goods and services pro- grandfather
duced within a country in a certain year is
A. Primary
called its:
B. Secondary
A. National Product
Explanation:It was an ORIGINAL uniform
B. Net Domestic Product
736. Country:BarksdaliaPer Capita GDP:$45,
C. Gross Domestic Product
000Life Expectancy:85Literacy Rate:95%
D. None of these
A. Developed
731. -Depends on supply and demand- B. Developing
Common in developed countries-Farmers
raise goods that give the most profit These 737. What is the primary purpose of NAFTA?
factors describe what type of agriculture? A. To reduce trade barriers among the
A. Cottage agriculture US, Canada, and Mexico
B. Market agriculture (agribusiness) B. To reduce trade barriers among Cen-
tral America and Mexico
C. Subsistence agriculture
C. To reduce trade barriers among Brazil
D. Slash and burn agriculture
and Mexico
732. This can lead to good, arable land being D. To encourage free trade between the
developed, cause massive traffic issues, US, Europe, and Canada
and lead to squatter settlements on the
outskirts of major cities? 738. Which country has a market economy?
A. squatters A. North Korea
B. urban sprawl B. China
C. illegal trade C. Sweden
D. legal trade D. United States

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 80

739. The four factors of production are B. interdependence

A. Land, Capital, Entrepreneurs, & Labor C. multinational trade alliances
B. Investment, Lands, Goods, & Services D. globalization
C. Entrepreneurs, Buyers, Markets, & 744. Manufacturing or other industry in which
Land cost of transporting both raw materials
D. Capital, Services, Geography, & Na- and finished product is not important for
ture determining location of the firm. Common

NARAYAN CHANGDER
footloose industries include catalog compa-
740. Why do countries engage in trade? nies, which can locate anywhere as ship-
A. To cause inflation and unemployment ping in the US depends on weight not dis-
tance, as well as expensive and light items
B. To limit the variety of goods and ser-
such as diamonds or computer chips.
vices available
A. Agglomeration Economies
C. To obtain goods and services, bene-
fit from comparative advantage, and pro- B. Cottage Industry
mote economic growth C. Footloose Industry
D. To decrease economic growth and de- D. Fordist
velopment
745. How are natural resources distributed
741. Populations living in less developed coun- throughout the world?
tries tend to have higher percentages of
workers employed in what area? A. Natural resources are spread out un-
evenly around the earth.
A. mining
B. Most natural resources lie beneath the
B. manufacturing ocean floor.
C. food production C. Most natural resources are found in
D. services developed nations.
E. transportation D. Natural resources are distributed
Explanation:Compared with MDCs, LDCs evenly among all nations.
tend to reflect less mechanized agricul-
ture, resulting in higher percentages of 746. In a traditional economy, which of the fol-
workers engaged in food production. lowing characteristics does NOT belong?
A. people did not grow surplus
742. the production and exchange of goods
and services B. growing food for the farmer and their
family
A. economy
C. if you’re grandfather was a farmer,
B. natural resources you would follow his path
C. GNP D. the government had full control over
D. Primary Activities what people traded

743. Traditional economic practices focused on 747. How do we determine if a country is less
developed, developing or developed?
A. self-sufficiency A. Using the Human Development Index

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 81

B. The size of the country’s Government 753. In this type of economy, the individual de-
C. The amount of tourism the country has cides who to sell their products to.

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D. none of above

748. Tourism CAN benefit the environment by

A. raising income for conservation

B. creating more tourists in green spaces
A. Traditional
C. using natural resources
B. Mixed
D. increasing local propserity
C. Market
749. The term “factors of production” means: D. Command
A. things or skills needed to produce 754. If a factory is making a product that is de-
goods or services creasing in bulk, then the optimal location
B. how we spend our money for that factory will be:
C. the resources of the government A. Near the Inputs
D. how society creates jobs B. An equal distance from the inputs and
the market
750. The term “situation” is used to describe C. Near the Market
which of the following?
D. No optimal location for this product
A. the relative location of a city
755. What type of economic activity do coal
B. the actual location of a city miners perform?
C. a city’s level of economic development A. primary
D. the local characteristic of a city B. secondary
751. How economies of the world interact C. tertiary
with each other is known as D. quaternary
A. population geography 756. Nonrenewable resources
B. political geography A. can be made again.
C. economic geography B. cannot be replaced.
D. environmental C. are new resources.
D. come from the sun.
752. Which of the following could be a cause
for high infant mortality decreasing? 757. The secondary sector involves
A. access to medical care A. the activities related to the transfor-
mation of energy sources into raw mate-
B. more women returning to work
rials
C. lowering birth rate B. the activities related to the transfor-
D. access to social security mation of energy sources into products

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 82

C. the activities related to the transfor- 761. What is a positive trade balance?
mation raw materials into products A. A positive trade balance (surplus) is
D. the activities related to the transfor- when imports exceed exports
mation of raw materials into products that B. A positive trade balance (surplus) is
enable human needs to be met when goods exceed services.

758. How would you describe a newly indus- C. A positive trade balance (surplus) is
trialized country? when services exceed goods.

NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. A country characterized by large indus- D. A positive trade balance (surplus) is
trial and service sectors with high levels when exports exceed imports.
of gross national product 762. Does this population pyramid show about
B. A country that has begun transition- Japan?
ing from primarily agricultural to primarily A. Japan has a high growth rate
manufacturing and industrial activity
B. Japan has a negative growth rate
C. A country that is characterized by agri-
culture and they barter instead of use 763. Industries that produce perishable goods
money are mainly (A. market or B. raw material)
orientated.
D. none of above
A. A
759. Which factor most discourages the use of B. B
these types of resources?
764. Which of the following is least likely to
decrease when compared with an increase
in a country’s economic development?
A. GDP
B. Gini Coefficient
C. Gender Inequality Index
D. birth rate
A. Financial profits E. primary sector employment
Explanation:Of all the choices, GDP is
B. Employment levels
least likely to decrease as a country
C. Environmental issues proceeds through economic development.
Birth rates drop as a country develops.
D. Technological developments
All other values represented tend to de-
760. An economy where goods and services crease as a country develops.
traded without using money 765. A carpenter belongs to
A. Command A. Primary sector
B. Market B. Secondary sector
C. Traditional C. Tertiary sector
D. Let it happen D. none of above

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 83

766. What is the definition of a producer? 770. Which of the following best explains a
A. anything that can be produced or mixed economy?

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grown A. Private ownership of the factors of pro-
B. something that someone does for duction and regulation of businesses by
someone else in exchange for money government
C. anyone who buys a good or service B. Market exchanges answer all three of
the big economic questions
D. someone who creates or manufacture
a good or service C. Family customs and traditions deter-
mine what and how to produce a good
767. Small-scale communal farming commer-
cial farmers are all. Select all those that D. Government answers all three of the
apply. big economic questions

A. Farms are small so no surplus for sale 771. The Industrial Revolution was triggered
B. Governments of homelands did not by sweeping changes in what?
train people to farm A. Religion
C. Poor roads and distance to markets
B. Education
and ports very large
D. Production costs increased (seeds, C. Farming/Agriculture
fertilisers, irrigation water, etc) D. Politics
E. Supply little to the market
772. Which is an advantage for a small, de-
768. economic activities add value to raw veloping country in joining an economic
materials by processing them or changing union?
their form. Ex:wood being made into ta-
bles/furniture
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Tertiary A. Closing of inefficient industries
D. none of above B. Access to natural resources with re-
strictions
769. What should be produced?2. How should
it be produced?3. Who gets what is pro- C. Replacing family farms with agribusi-
duced? In this economic system, the three ness
fundamental economic questions above
D. Greater access to international mar-
are answered by officials in the govern-
kets
ment.
A. Socialist (Mixed) Economy 773. The monetary value of all finished goods
B. Free Enterprise (Free Mar- and services made within a country during
ket/Capitalist) Economy a specific period is gross domestic product.
C. Communist (Command) Economy A. True
D. Traditional Economy B. False

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 84

774. Jaylynn has opened a restaurant serving 779. A newspaper can be both a primary or
strawberry desserts. Tien and Marcela secondary resource.
are security guards at the restaurant. A. True
What business sector are they all apart of?
B. False
A. Tertiary Explanation:IF the newspaper was writ-
B. Primary ten at the time of the event then it is pri-
C. Quaternary mary. IF it is written after the event oc-
curred then it would be secondary unless

NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. Secondary the author witnessed the event.
775. Which of the following is a primary sec-
780. Who created the least cost theory-
tor economic activity?
focusing on the best situation factors
A. mining (transportation costs, labor costs, and ag-
B. retail trade glomeration) for industry location?
C. manufacturing A. Alfred Weber
D. none listed B. Immanuel Wallerstein
C. Halford Mackinder
776. Which term describes the social science
that studies the production, distribution, D. from Thunen
and consumption of goods and services?
781. What is the term for natural resources
A. Economics that have been extracted by primary in-
B. Industrialization dustries to be changed into a useful form?
C. Geography A. raw materials
D. GDP B. bare necessities

777. Which economic structure is this:The rela- C. earthly goods

tionship between supply and demand de- D. basic earth stuff
fines the value of a product?
782. A country with a mostly rural population
A. Traditional economy engaged in mainly primary economic activ-
B. Command economy ities is probably a
C. Market economy A. developing nation.
D. none of above B. developed nation.
778. According to the von Thunen Model, C. industrialized nation.
which of the following is the correct or- D. primary nation.
der of agricultural land use activities that
corresponds to traveling outward from the 783. Economic term that describes the people
market center? or businesses that would buy a product.
A. Milk, Forest, Wheat A. market
B. Livestock, Milk, Wheat B. tariff
C. Vegetables, Forest, Milk C. import
D. Wheat, Livestock, Milk D. export

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 85

784. Other indictors of a the strength of a 789. Which of the following is a definition of
country’s economy are:(choose all that are mass tourism?
correct)

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A. Organised tourism for large numbers
A. income of people.
B. outcome B. Disorganised tourism for small num-
C. literacy rate bers of people
D. heart rate C. Organised tourism for small groups of
E. life expectancy people

785. Which resource is mainly responsible for D. Disorganised tourism for large num-
South Africa’s economic gain? bers of people
A. Oil 790. A country that has a High Literacy Rate
B. Gold/Diamonds (greater than about 95%)
C. Coal A. More Developed Country
D. Cocoa beans B. Less Developed Country
786. Shopping malls are an example of: C. Newly Industrialized Country
D. none of above

791. which sector of the economy removes or

harvests products directly from the earth
in order to extract raw materials or food?
A. urbanization. A. secondary
B. deglomeration.
B. primary
C. agglomeration.
C. tertiary
D. cumulative causation.
D. linear
E. gentrification.
787. An economy where the government owns 792. A garbage truck driver is an example of
most parts of economy and decides what which Factor of Production?
will be produced and sold: A. labor
A. Traditional B. land
B. Command C. entrepreneurship
C. Mixed
D. capital
D. Free Enterprise
793. The process of declining manufacturing in
788. The domestic market is also known as the
developed economies is known as:
market
A. regional A. Privatisation

B. foreign B. Outsourcing
C. provincial C. Deindustrialization
D. home D. Nationalization

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 86

794. Which of these would most likely be

shown on a map of a more-developed coun-
try’s quaternary economic sector?
A. locations of natural resources
B. major universities and research insti-
tutes
C. transportation networks

NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. centers of manufacturing and process-
ing A. 2
B. 3
795. Over time, what has the use of petroleum
as an energy source caused? C. 6
D. 7
A. Increased air quality
B. Preservation of natural habitats 799. Blake and Herman have opened a very
successful furniture making factory. They
C. Reduction in greenhouse gas emis- are apart of which business sector?
sions A. Secondary
D. Transportation and environmental con- B. Tertiary
cerns C. Primary
D. Quartinary
796. production of goods and services is deter-
mined by the demand from consumers 800. Which sector has grown the fastest in de-
veloped countries?
A. market economy
A. primary
B. command economy
B. secondary
C. Traditional Economy C. tertiary
D. Mixed Economy D. agriculture

801. What was the reason that led to Iraq’s in-

797. A system in which factors of production
vasion of Kuwait on August 2, 1990, from
are privately owned.
which the Gulf War broke out?
A. Capitalism A. Kuwait “tilted” its oil well into the Iraqi
border
B. Traditional Economy
B. Kuwait faced off against Iraq during
C. Command Economy the Iran-Iraq war
D. Socialism C. Kuwait test-fired ballistic missiles into
Iraqi territory
798. Which number is closest to the St. D. Iraq does not accept Kuwait’s indepen-
Lawrence River? dence

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 87

802. The capital of Brazil was moved from Rio 807. Which of the following is an inex-
de Janeiro to: haustible energy source, there is more
than one answer, check all that apply

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A. São Paulo
A. Sun
B. Brasilia
B. Oil
C. Salvador
C. Coal
D. Manaus
D. Wind
803. Which economic structure is this:The gov-
ernment decides what to produce and in 808. Zones established by many countries in
what quantity? the periphery and semi-periphery where
they offer favorable tax, regulatory, and
A. Traditional economy
trade arrangements to attract foreign
B. Command economy trade and investment with no selling of
C. Market economy product within the country.

D. none of above A. Export Processing Zones

B. Special Economic Zones
804. Which invention started the Industrial
Revolution? C. Maquiladoras

A. Jenny Loom D. none of above

B. Steam engine 809. Coal, oil, and natural gas are all exam-
C. Pin Volta ples of

D. Diesel engine A. alternative energy sources.

B. capital resources.
805. physical objects that someone produces
C. fossil fuels.
A. services
D. renewable resources.
B. goods
C. needs 810. A market economy is when

D. wants A. people hunt for food in nature.

B. people buy and sell products.
806. Which characteristic is typical of a more
developed country? C. people forage for herbs.

A. Government does not interfere in the D. people live in a village.

economy.
811. Which sector of economy would you find
B. There are many problems with infras- this job:architect
tructure.
A. Primary Sector
C. There is a high infant mortality rate
B. Secondary Sector
and a short life expectancy.
C. Tertiary Sector
D. There is a high literacy rate and a long
life expectancy. D. Quaternary Sector

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 88

812. In countries that are not industrialized, 818. This type of economic activity is respon-
most people work sible for the processing and distribution of
A. in secondary economic activities. information.
A. Primary Sector
B. in tertiary economic activities.
B. Secondary Sector
C. in primary economic activities.
C. Tertiary Sector
D. in quaternary economic activities.
D. Quaternary Sector

NARAYAN CHANGDER
813. When supply is higher than demand,
819. Economic activities have four categories
prices will be
A. 1. singing 2. dancing 3. art 4. money
A. high
B. 1. coffee 2. tea 3. sandwiches 4.
B. low
scones
814. The result of deindustrialization in which C. 1. Farming2. Mining3. Swimming4.
clusters of factories sit unused Driving
A. Periphery Zone D. 1. agriculture and aquaculture 2. man-
ufacturing 3. public services 4. informa-
B. Industrial Core
tion processes
C. Suburb
820. Because the motor vehicle assembly in-
D. Rust Belt
dustry is typically described as a bulk-
815. Which of the following would NOT be as- gaining industry, Honda’s most important
sociated with mass production? factor when selecting a location for a new
assembly plant in the United States was
A. Interchangeable parts
A. minimize cost of shipping finished vehi-
B. division of labor cles to U.S. customers
C. unique, hand made goods B. minimize cost of shipping inputs/raw
D. assembly line materials
C. maximizing delivery time to customers
816. An economic activity in which people use
raw materials to produce or manufacture D. the location of highways and railroads
new products of greater value 821. Bringing goods in from another country
A. Primary to sell.
B. Secondary A. import
C. Tertiary B. export
D. Quaternary 822. In which economic system does the gov-
ernment answer all three of the big eco-
817. A waiter or waitress would be a part of nomic questions? (What to produce? How
which sector of the economy? to produce? For whom to produce?)
A. Primary sector A. Command
B. Secondary sector B. Socialism
C. Tertiary sector C. Market
D. None of the above D. Traditional

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 89

823. Example of a Secondary Economic Activ- C. Tertiary Industry

ity D. Quaternary Industry

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A. Car manufacturing
829. Which conference took place in 1945 that
B. Farming decided to form the bipolar world order af-
C. Teaching ter World War II?
D. Internet users A. Yalta
B. Potsdam
824. Which industry accounts for two-thirds
of industrial workers in France? C. Geneva
A. Severe sun D. Paris
B. Industry produces weapons of war 830. Export means
C. Light sun A. to get rid of the goods you don’t need.
D. Energy industry B. sending a product to another country
for sale.
825. Sally’s ability to operate a beauty sa-
lon successfully is an example of a re- C. to get more goods to be able to make
source. more money.
D. bringing a product into a country to be
A. capital
sold.
B. natural
831. Which of the following is the central char-
C. human
acteristic of a free-enterprise system?
D. renewable
A. The government owns all means of pro-
826. A general increase in prices duction.
A. price B. All wage earners are paid the same
amount.
B. inflation
C. Labor unions are NOT allowed
C. scarcity
D. Business is driven by desire for profit.
D. demand
832. Based on the following chart, judge True
827. Which economic activity would intellec- or False:At any time in history, India’s
tual occupations which are advanced and GDP has never been higher than China’s.
specialized such as thinking, research and
developing new ideas fall under?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Tertiary
D. Quaternary

828. Research and data interpretation.

A. Primary Industry A. Correct
B. Secondary Industry B. Sai

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 90

833. Which conclusion is best supported by the 838. Which statement best explains why na-
information in these examples? tions must trade?
A. All nations belong to free trade agree-
ments.
B. All nations seek out new production
methods.
A. Production and consumption rates are C. No nation has all necessary resources.

NARAYAN CHANGDER
affected by population D. No nation can employ all of its labor-
B. Technology has little effect on the eco- ers.
nomics of a region
839. GDP
C. Physical geography affects the eco- A. total value of goods produced and ser-
nomic activities of an area vices provided in a country during one
D. Major urban centers are usually lo- year
cated along rivers and deltas B. quick wi-fi connection
834. Which country/region is the semi- C. total value of goods produced and in a
periphery of Japan? country during one year
A. Southeast Asia (e.g. Vietnam) D. total value of services provided in a
country during one year
B. Russia
C. China 840. How many rivers are there in Russia?
A. 2 million
D. India
B. 1.5 million
835. Soil, water, and forests are C. 1 million
A. renewable resources D. 2.5 million
B. nonrenewable resources
841. How many levels of economic activity are
C. quickly dissipating there?
D. are being replaced by technological ad- A. 4
vances B. 3
836. The unequal distribution of resources has C. 2
not changed over time. D. 1
A. True
842. What are push factors in migration?
B. False A. Factors that motivate people to leave
837. Before the Industrial Revolution all prod- their places
ucts were created by B. Factors that attract people to their
place of destination
A. Factories
C. Factors related to political stability
B. Hand
and good government services
C. Slaves D. Factors related to natural calamities
D. Royalty and bad climate

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 91

843. Which of the following countries is not a B. Lesser Developed Country

core country? C. Newly Industrialized Country

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A. Germany
D. Transnational Corporation
B. the USA
848. What are the costs of the use of re-
C. Japan
sources?
D. Russia
A. Opportunity costs, technological ad-
844. This type of economic activity uses re- vancements, economic benefits
sources directly. B. Physical exertion, time consumption,
A. Primary Sector mental stress
B. Secondary Sector C. health problems, environmental im-
pacts, depletion of natural resources,
C. Tertiary Sector
D. Political implications, cultural impacts,
D. Quaternary Sector
legal consequences
845. In this type of economy production is
based on what consumers want. 849. Literacy Rate

A. market economy A. % of people who have a college degree

B. free enterprise B. % of people who can write

C. command economy C. % of people who can read and write

D. none of the above D. % of people who can read

846. Which of the following images best rep- 850. Opportunity to make more money is a
resents Literacy Rate?

A.

B.
A. push factor
B. pull factor
C. 851. The Big Mac Index is an example of
A. Gross Domestic Product
D. B. Purchasing Power Party
C. Gross National Income
D. National Trade Deficit
847. A country making progress toward indus-
trialization and whose standard of living is 852. Norilsk Nickel was a leading mining com-
improving. pany in Russia in 2015. This is a form of
A. More Developed Country

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 92

855. True or false:Industry arrived in North

America later than in Europe.
A. True
B. False

856. What are some examples of push factors

A. Primary Sector in environmental migration?

NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. Secondary Sector A. War, social unrest, and corruption

C. Tertiary Sector B. Racial discrimination and bad educa-

tional system
D. Quaternary Second
C. Unemployment and poverty
853. government owns ALL of the businesses D. Natural calamities like earthquakes
and typhoons

857. Countries that are are also said to

have a HIGH STANDARD OF LIVING.
A. developing
B. newly industrialized
C. developed
A. dictatorship
D. communist
B. socialism
C. democracy 858. Which phrase best completes this dia-
gram?
D. communism

854. How do life expectancies of people who

live in more developed countries differ
from people living in less developed coun-
tries? A. Manual labor

A. More developed countries have higher B. Limited communication

life expectancies than less developed C. Diverse economy
countries.
D. Specialized production
B. There is no difference in life ex-
pectancy in less developed and more de- 859. Choose the correct examples of a tertiary
veloped nations. activity.
C. Less developed countries have higher A. truck driver, doctor, store clerk,
life expectancies than more developed restaurant
countries.
B. manufacturing and construction
D. More developed countries have lower
C. mining, agriculture, fishing
life expectancies than less developed
countries. D. research and data processing

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 93

860. Go to Intracen to look up. Which item A. UAE

is not in the top 15 most valuable export B. Saudi Arabia
products of India in 2019?

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C. Kuwait
D. Qatar

865. An exchange of goods and services be-

tween countries is referred to as
A. international trade.
A. Vessels and floating structures
B. Coffee, tea and spices B. domestic trade.

C. Both items are in the top 15 C. foreign exchange.

D. Both items are outside the top 15 D. trade balance.

861. What was created to help with trade be- 866. What does the acronym IDZ stand for?
tween Canada, U.S., and Mexico? A. Industry Debit Zones
A. NASA B. Interest Development Zones
B. TRADE ACT C. Industrial Development Zagging
C. NAFTA D. Industrial Development Zone
D. none of above
867. Which type of economy is found in the
862. Which of the following is included when United States?
determining the HDI of a country? You A. Market Economy
may choose more than one answer if ap-
plicable. B. Command Economy
A. Life expectancy at birth C. Traditional Economy
B. Mean years of schooling D. none of above
C. Expected years of schooling 868. The total value of all goods and services
D. GNi per capita produced in one year within a country is
called the
863. What is GDP?
A. per capita income.
A. The value of goods and services, using
current prices and ignoring inflation B. gross domestic product.

B. The value of goods and services, ad- C. gross national product.

justed for the impact of inflation D. gross domestic income.
C. The division of the GDP by the popula-
869. Which sector has the greatest Multiplier
tion of the country
Effect?
D. The total amount of money earned by
A. Primary Sector
a nation’s people and businesses
B. Secondary Sector
864. Which country in the Middle East is grad-
ually replacing the importance of oil in the C. Postindustrial Sector
economy with tourism? D. none of above

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 94

870. What is a domestic tourist? 874. What level of development is the United
States?
A. More Developed
B. Less Developed
C. Newly Industrialized
D. none of above

NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. A person who travels place to place to 875. A business in the food court of a shopping
learn its history centre is operating in which 2 industry sec-
tors?
B. A person who travels around their own
country, outside where they live A. Primary and Quinary

C. A person who doesn’t go anywhere B. Secondary and Tertiary

D. A person who likes to eat chocolate C. Quaternary and Secondary

D. Tertiary and Primary
871. refers to practices that support long-
term economic growth without negatively 876. What are some characteristics of human
impacting social, environmental, and cul- populations?
tural aspects of the community.
A. Favorite food
A. Development
B. education, religion, ethnicity and lan-
B. Industrialization guage
C. Economic Sustainability C. living in a city
D. Deindustrialization D. Number of pets
872. What is linked directly to demographics 877. Economic Sectors:Revolve around manag-
and social indicators ing and processing information.
A. economics A. Primary Sector
B. GDP per capita B. Secondary Sector
C. capitalism C. Tertiary Sector
D. federalism D. Quarternary Sector
873. Which is not a negative impact of British E. Quinary Sector
colonial rule of India?
878. Which of the following modes of trans-
A. India became a colonial economy
portation offers the most flexibility?
B. Prohibit buying, selling or owning pri-
A. air
vate land
B. rail
C. Traditional handicraft industry col-
lapsed C. ships
D. Industrial productivity declined D. trucks

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 95

879. North Carolina is home to the Raleigh- C. Trade barriers and scarcity
Durham-Chapel Hill area with top universi- D. Specialization & currency
ties producing an educated workforce, lo-

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cal government that supports innovation, 884. An environmental impact assessment
and overall high quality of life. This area refers to
is also sometimes called
A. the legal requirement to determine ef-
A. urban sprawl fects to the environment for projects
B. gentrification B. an agreement between hotels to re-
C. research triangle duce emissions by 2023
D. suburban neighborhood C. an international protocol to reduce
waste in oceans
880. What type of economic activity is this
D. none of above

885. Which country has a planned (command)

economy?
A. North Korea
B. China
C. Sweden
A. Primary Sector D. United States
B. Secondary Sector
886. What are the Great Plains of the United
C. Tertiary Sector States?
D. Quaternary Sector A. a. the flat, desolate area in central
881. Where are most business services lo- Alaska
cated? B. b. a flat area between the Pacific
A. Urban areas Ranges and the Rocky Mountains

B. Rural areas C. c. the flat region surrounding the

Great Lakes
882. A government where a God or divine D. the flat landscape between the Rocky
ones are given the status of supreme Mountains and the Mississippi River
ruler? (Examples:The Vatican, Egyptians,
etc ) 887. Joining an economic union gives a small
A. Democracy developing country which of these advan-
tages?
B. Dictatorship
A. closing of inefficient industries
C. Monarchy
B. acess to natural resoures with restric-
D. Theocracy
tions
883. What 2 things encourage international C. greater access to international mar-
trade? kets
A. Specialization & scarcity D. replacing family farms with agribuis-
B. Specialization and trade barriers ness

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 96

888. Toyota operates in which industry sec- 893. Which phrase best completes this dia-
tor? gram?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Quaternary
D. Quinary

NARAYAN CHANGDER
889. What is sustainable development?
A. Development that depletes natural re-
sources A. Low average age
B. High average income
B. Development that balances current hu-
man well-being and economic advance- C. High literacy rates
ment with resource management for the D. Low disease rates
benefit of future generations
894. A person who buys goods and services
C. Development that does not use natural
resources A. consumer
D. none of above B. entrepreneur
C. resource
890. Fill in the blank: has replaced coal as
the world’s primary energy resource. D. currency

A. wood 895. Which sector is this?

B. nuclear power
C. solar power
D. petroleum

891. In what type of economy can the govern-

ment have some control but still encourage
private businesses?
A. Primary sector
A. socialist
B. Secondary sector
B. free-enterprise C. Tertiary sector
C. traditional D. none of above
D. communist
896. A tax placed on imports
892. The most important industrial area in the
USA is located in:
A. California
B. Houston / New Orleans
C. The Great Lakes
D. Seattle A. Tax

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 97

B. Tea B. traditional economy

C. Tariff C. mixed economy

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D. Fee D. command economy
897. What term describes countries character-
ized by their large population and low per 901. Mexico and India are examples of
capita GDP? because they are transitioning away
from a primarily agricultural economies to
A. underachieving country economies primarily focused on manufac-
B. third world country turing and industrial activities.
C. developed country A. less developed countries
D. developing country B. newly industrialized countries
898. Which is most responsible for deindustri- C. more developed countries
alization in highly developed countries?
D. agrarian countries
A. easy capital financing available in de-
veloping countries 902. What is America’s most important eco-
B. low wages in developing countries nomic region?
C. labor shortages in developed coun- A. Northeast
tries
B. Sun belt region
D. the lack of strong unions in developed
C. Alaska and Hawaii region
countries
E. the shortage of raw materials in devel- D. Inland region
oped countries
903. What is the wealth and resources of a
899. Which of the following is NOT a Pull fac- country or region, especially in terms of
tor? the production and consumption of goods
and services?
A. Government
B. Scarcity
C. Economy
D. Population
A. freedom
B. entertainmentwealth 904. Based on Wallerstein’s World systems
Theory, which of the following countries
C. entertainment best fits the description of a peripheral
D. poverty country?
900. an economic system based on free enter- A. Brazil
prise, in which businesses are privately B. Bangladesh
owned and production and prices are de-
termined by supply and demand C. Japan
A. market economy D. Germany

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 98

905. Which of the following countries has a D. The total value of goods and services
command economy? produced by a country during a year.
A. United States 911. Geographers study economic geography
B. Canada by:
C. North Korea A. studying the economy of the different
levels
D. United Kingdom
B. looking at all the regions and studying

NARAYAN CHANGDER
906. Which type of economic activity uses raw the people’s activities
materials to produce something new?
C. analyzing the regions and people and
A. Primary how both support the country
B. Secondary D. looking at how people in a region sup-
C. Tertiary port themselves and how economic activi-
ties are linked across regions
D. Quaternary
912. What is a market economy?
907. Which of the following are favourable
conditions for agriculture in SA? A. Prices and availability are determined
by supply and demand
A. Wide range of climatic zones
B. The government controls the means of
B. Use of modern technology such as irri- production and distribution
gation and greenhouses
C. Prices and availability are determined
C. Wide range of skilled and semi-skilled by the government
labour
D. The government plays little to no role
D. Labour unrest in regulating the economy
908. Which of the following should NOT be in 913. How many members does APEC currently
a business plan? have?
A. Marketing plan A. 19
B. Production plan B. 20
C. Loan plan C. 21
D. Financial plan D. 22

909. Countries with a high percentage of ter- 914. Out of the following countries, who
tiary workers are would have the lowest standard of living?
A. developed countries A. Canada
B. developing countries B. Liberia
C. New Zealand
910. GDP is the
D. South Africa
A. The total value of goods and services
produced by a country 915. Large-scale farming that involves a big
B. The amount of goods sold to foreign profit
countries A. Commercial
C. The amount of money a country has B. Subsistance

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 99

916. are goods produced and used to make C. Export

other goods or services D. Import

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A. natural resource
922. Doctors, teachers, and dentists all pro-
B. human resource vide a service. This means they work in
C. capital resource the
D. none of above A. Primary Sector
B. Secondary Sector
917. Which area is the microfinance system
C. Tertiary Sector
mostly practiced?
D. none of above
A. Under-populated
923. Which of the following is one of the three
B. Over-populated
basic economic questions?
C. Rural
A. What to produce?
D. Urban B. Where should factories be located?
918. What is the production & exchange of C. How much should employees be paid?
goods and services called? D. How should government reduce infla-
A. Society tion?
B. Culture 924. Most people in a developing country
C. Politics work in which level of industry?
A. Secondary (manufacturing)
D. Economy
B. Tertiary (selling)
919. Cote d’Ivoire and many other develop- C. Primary (agriculture)
ing countries exchange limited natural re-
sources and cash crops for- D. Quarter (1/4 a dollar)

A. luxury items or entertainment 925. Freedom of Religion

B. manufactured goods or technology A. Push
C. military weapons or ammunition B. Pull

D. agricultural machinery or equipment 926. What economic activity sector is farming

under?
920. What is the worldwide top producer coun-
A. Primary
try of bananas?
B. Secondary
A. Philippines
C. Tertiary
B. India
D. Quaternary
C. China
927. How much percentage of South Africa’s
D. Brazil land is arable?
921. What term refers to a good that comes A. 40%
into a country? B. 7%
A. Trade C. 14%
B. Migration D. 23%

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 100

928. Income generated by a country through 933. The creation of a good or service.
exports refers to A. production
A. per capita income. B. distribution
B. foreign exchange.
C. consumption
C. export-orientated industries.
D. economics
D. export market.
934. The Gini coefficient measures the income
929. What type of economy do most countries

NARAYAN CHANGDER
disparity between:
in the world have?
A. the wealthiest and poorest population
A. Market economy groups in a country
B. Command economy B. men and women throughout third-
C. Traditional economy world countries
D. Mixed economy C. residents of urban and rural areas in a
country
930. What is a Tourist?
D. workers in different industries in the
same country
E. members of the middle class in Euro-
pean countries
Explanation:The Gini coefficient measures
A. A person who travels overseas for less the income or wealth distribution inequal-
than 1 year ity in a country, measuring the gap be-
B. A person who travels away from tween the wealthiest and poorest popula-
where they usually live for at least one tions.
night but no more than 1 year
935. The Gross National Product (GNP) are
C. A person who travels from place to only the goods and services created within
place for more one year the country.
D. A person who stays at home and never A. True
visits anywhere
B. False
931. Trade occurs in a single country and inter-
nationally among other countries. 936. The exchange of goods and services by
sale or barter driven by the need for re-
A. True, trade occurs in a single country sources.
and with other countries.
A. Fair Trade
B. False, trade only happens in a single
country. B. Globalization
C. Trade
932. People who take risks to start businesses
are called D. Standard of Living
A. communists 937. The study of Commercial Geography is
B. entrepreneurs beneficial to the
C. service clerks A. Market Development
D. postal workers B. Economic Development

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 101

C. Producer Development 943. This sector of economy occurs at the the

D. World Development market only.

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A. Primary Sector
938. An economic system in which people
choose freely what to buy and sell B. Secondary Sector
C. Tertiary Sector
A. Market economy
D. Quaternary Sector
B. command economy
C. traditional economy 944. Involve providing business or profes-
sional services
D. none of above
A. secondary activities
939. The expanded use of computers in the B. primary activities
workplace has led to the increased
C. tertiary activities
A. demand for unskilled laborers
D. quaternary activities
B. speed in the exchange of information
C. distance employees must commute 945. The production of goods and services.

D. expense of international communica- A. economic activity

tions B. economy
C. raw materials
940. Which of the following factors influence
productivity. economic growth, and the fu- D. capital
ture standard of living for a nation?
946. There are main systems found around
A. Investment in factories the world.
B. Health, education and training of peo- A. four
ple
B. five
C. Machinery and new Technology C. six
D. All of the above D. none of above
941. An organization that keeps order, sets 947. Which of the following is a benefit of the
rules, and provides services for a society: use of resources?
A. Government A. Development of technologies
B. Oligarchy B. health probelms
C. Economy C. resource depletion
D. Dictatorship D. environmental degradation
942. Choose the correct examples of a sec- 948. Which economic activity is the best exam-
ondary activity. ple of a cottage industry that has declined
A. truck driver, doctor, store clerk, due to industrialization?
restaurant A. Weaving
B. manufacturing and construction B. Deep-sea fishing
C. mining, agriculture, fishing C. Dairy farming
D. research and data processing D. Teaching

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 102

949. Countries with less productive A. Private property

economies, than prosperous countries and B. Communism
low standards of living
C. Production for self-consumption
A. developing countries
D. Richness
B. developed countries
C. command systems 954. In which place are you likely to find the
highest percentage of people employed in
D. market systems the tertiary sector?

NARAYAN CHANGDER
950. Which factor is most responsible for in- A. Small rural settlement
creasing life expectancy in many develop- B. Large urban city
ing nations?
C. Large farming community
A. Declining birth rates
D. Small coastal village
B. Availability of health insurance
955. Many businesses in industrialized coun-
C. access to primary education
tries have maintained competitive prices
D. improved health care programs for their products by
951. An economy where production of goods A. exporting labor-intensive work to de-
and services determined by a central gov- veloping nations
ernment B. offering monetary incentives to em-
A. Command ployees to increase production
B. Market C. preventing jobs from being outsourced
to other countries
C. Traditional
D. increasing the hourly salaries of em-
D. Let it happen ployees
952. Using the bar graph, what can be con- 956. Which economic behavior is best demon-
cluded? strated by ghost towns?
A. Adults in level 3 have a low English lit- A. When resources are exhausted, peo-
eracy ple move elsewhere.
B. Adults in level 1 have a high English lit- B. As towns grow, there is less need for
eracy government services.
C. Adults in level 3 have more success in C. Increased agricultural productivity
education leads to fewer farm towns.
D. There is 31% adults in level 3 D. Increased urban sprawl leads to less
land available for farming.
953. Subsistence economy means
957. Food processingClothing and texti-
lessteel/metal manufacturingBuilding ma-
terialsComputers, auto makinganything
manufactured!
A. primary economic activity
B. secondary economic activity

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 103

C. tertiary economic activity 962. What does development on the Butler’s

model mean
D. quaternary economic activity

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A. small numbers of tourists are at-
958. What level of economic activity is Sale tracted to a new place
and Trading of Gas?
B. big companies make huge hotels, num-
bers of tourists increase
C. tourism is a major part of the local
economy
D. when tourist numbers fall in a resort

963. A person living within the territory of a

A. quaternary government and is granted certain rights:
B. tertiary A. Dictator
C. secondary B. King/Queen
D. primary C. Citizen
D. Government
959. What is a secondary source?
A. A source created after an event has 964. In the United States, no new nuclear
happened by someone not present at the power generators have been constructed
event since 1996 PRIMARILY because of the

B. A source used often A. concerns over the issues of safety

B. discovery of vast oil deposits
C. A source created at the time of an
event. C. opposition from coal miners
D. A second piece of information written D. low cost of generating electricity
about an event
965. Wheat farming is an example of which
960. Which factor is most directly related to type of economic activity?
the level of economic development of a A. primary
country? B. secondary
A. Urbanization C. tertiary
B. climate D. quaternary
C. language
966. Fossil fuels are
D. religion
A. non-renewable resources
961. Location and ability to exchange goods is B. political resources
influenced by all the following except- C. cultural resources
A. access to communication networks D. renewable resources
B. landlocked countries
967. Which country in Southeast Asia does not
C. coastal and island countries have a fishing industry?
D. proximity to shipping lanes A. Laos

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 104

B. Myanmar C. farming
C. Campuchia D. mass production
D. East Timor
973. What is the primary purpose of job spe-
968. Provide information, management, and cialization?
research services by highly-trained per- A. increased consumer income
sons.
B. regional self-sufficiency
A. secondary activities

NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. increased efficiency and productivity
B. primary activities
D. increased marginal utility
C. tertiary activities
D. quaternary activities 974. A company that uses more than one mode
of transport will often locate near
969. What is the main religion of the Indian
people? A. break-of-bulk points

A. HInduism B. consumers
B. Buddhism C. raw material
C. Islam D. major urban areas
D. Worship good religion E. their sources of inputs

970. Identify all the factors that favour mining 975. In a traditional economy, information
in South Africa. about the way goods are produced is
A. Huge resources to mine passed from generation to generation by
the
B. Mineral rights in SA all to the Govern-
ment A. family
C. Thick continuous mineral seams B. legal system
D. Coal available for energy C. public schools
E. Government aid available to help small- D. government
scale independent miners to run mines
safely and profitable 976. Primary Sector activities include:

971. materials on or in the earth that have eco-

nomic value
A. natural resources
B. infrastructure
C. Inexhaustible energy sources
D. Nonrenewable Resources A. agriculture, mining, fishing
972. An example of a quaternary economic ac- B. jumping, sitting, standing
tivityis C. providing a service, like a doctor or
A. service provision bus driver.
B. research D. none of above

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 105

977. Which of the following is a reason to lo- 982. What does the first ring represent?
cate near to the market? A. Forests

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A. if raw materials were bulky B. Central City
B. if there are linkage industries C. Livestock Farming
C. if the finish product is fragile D. Farming
D. All of the above
983. 3 types of tertiary jobs
978. Which peace treaty marked the end of A. banker, teachers, doctor
World War 1? B. doctor, teacher, steel making
A. Versailles C. fishing, hunting, astronaut
B. Washington D. none of above
C. Paris
984. Which level of economic activity is de-
D. Yalta picted in the above picture?

979. Sending jobs to countries that are less-

developed in order to save money on
cheaper labor or increase efficiency
A. Insourcing
B. Free Enterprise
A. Primary
C. Supply and demand
B. Secondary
D. Outsourcing
C. Tertiary
980. What are pull factors? D. Quaternary
A. Reasons that repel people from mov- 985. Which description best describes the term
ing to a particular location ‘Labour’?
B. Factors that have no influence on peo- A. Workers needed by the business
ple’s decision to move
B. People who consumes goods and ser-
C. Things that make people indifferent vices
about moving to a particular location
C. Workers needed by the business and
D. Reasons that attract people to move to the skills and qualifications they have
a particular location
D. Qualifications and skill of individuals
981. Southeast Asia is located between which 986. Which type of economy is run by the busi-
two oceans? nesses & business owners?
A. Indian Ocean A. Command
B. Pacific B. Mixed
C. Arctic Ocean C. Communist
D. Atlantic D. Market

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 106

987. Who or what answers the basic economic 992. Which industry is considered a ‘pedestal’
questions in a command economy? in the economies of Southeast Asian coun-
A. Individuals and Businesses tries?

B. Government A. Agriculture
C. Custom B. Industry
D. Individuals, Businesses, and Govern- C. Service
ment

NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. none of above
988. What part of the economic spectrum
would you find the United States? 993. Which of the following cities is an im-
portant religious center for Judaism, Chris-
tianity, and Islam?
A. Jerusalem
B. Mecca
C. Varanasi
D. Rio de Janeiro
A. On the Left
994. What is another name for service indus-
B. On the Right
tries?
C. In the Middle
A. Primary industry
D. It is not on the line it is traditional
B. Secondary industry
989. North Korea is an example of a dictator-
ship: C. Tertiary industry
A. True D. none of above
B. False
995. Large-scale production of materials and
990. is the total value of goods and ser- goods that are large in size.
vices produced in a country for one year.
A. Heavy industry
A. standard of living
B. Market-orientated industry
B. literacy rate
C. GDP (Gross Domestic Product) C. Light industry

D. none of above D. Footloose industry

991. An expensive and militant input prone to 996. Which of the following best describes the
high wages and poor productivity in South South African economy
Africa.
A. Command
A. Energy supply
B. Heavy industry B. Mixed

C. Labour supply C. Free market

D. Trade D. Socialist

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 107

997. Is a form of government that divides B. Trade charges

powers of government between the na-
C. Tariffs
tional government and state or provincial

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government. D. Toll charges
A. Unitary system
1003. A job working in a factory is part of
B. Federal system which economic sector?
C. Confederation System A. primary
D. Autocracy System B. secondary
998. This is an economic system where people C. tertiary
follow the occupation of their ancestors:
D. none of above
A. Command
B. Market 1004. Trucks and boats help with the of
goods.
C. Mixed
D. Traditional A. Consumption
B. Production
999. Which of the following is NOT primarily
an economic union? C. Distribution
A. Organization of Petroleum Exporting D. Factors of Production
Countries (OPEC)
1005. What are some benefits of using re-
B. North American Free Trade Agreement
sources?
(NAFTA)
C. United Nations (UN) A. Decreased efficiency and increased
waste
D. European Union (EU)
B. Higher costs and reduced efficiency
1000. True or false:The higher the score a coun-
C. Some benefits of using resources in-
try has on the Gender Inequality Index
clude production of goods and services,
(GII), the more gender inequality there is
development of technology, and employ-
in the country.
ment opportunities
A. True
D. No impact on cost savings or waste re-
B. False duction
1001. Tertiary economic activity examples in-
1006. What is GDP per capita?
clude all BUT
A. Teacher A. The value of goods and services, using
current prices and ignoring inflation
B. Welder
B. The value of goods and services, ad-
C. Banker
justed for the impact of inflation
D. Cashier
C. The division of the GDP by the popula-
1002. What are taxes on goods brought into tion of the country
the country from another country? D. The total amount of money earned by
A. Export charges a nation’s people and businesses

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 108

1007. the amount of something that a con- A. More Developed

sumer wants to buy
B. Newly Industrialized
A. supply
C. Less Developed
B. demand
D. none of above
1008. What are economic systems?
A. The process by which goods and ser- 1013. A Market Economy may also be defined
vices are produced, distributed, and con- as

NARAYAN CHANGDER
sumed A. A mixed Economy or Socialism
B. Physical objects we use throughout B. A command economy or Communism
the course of a day
C. A free market economy or Capitalism
C. Activities provided for us by other peo-
ple D. none of above
D. The value of goods and services pro- 1014. Birth rates tend to be higher in
duced within a country in a year
A. Developed countries
1009. People or businesses that buy, or use,
products. pg. 59 B. Developing countries

A. Profits C. None (it’s the same

B. Incentive D. none of above
C. Consumers
1015. According to Weber’s least cost theory,
D. Producers which of the following businesses would
1010. math teacher most likely locate nearest to its raw mate-
rials?
A. white collar
A. cereal packing
B. blue collar
B. copper refining
1011. Which economic activity would lawyers,
doctors, salespeople, and customer service C. automotive engine assembly
representatives fall under? D. laundry detergent manufacturing
A. Primary E. computer chip production
B. Secondary Explanation:Raw copper ore is bulky and
C. Tertiary expensive to transport; as a result, a re-
fining company may elect to locate its pro-
D. Quaternary
cessing plant closest to the raw material
1012. Countries with high levels of literacy to save on fuel costs.
and higher education are in which level of
economic development? 1016. Which type of economy involves trading,
and doesn’t usually use money?
A. traditional
B. command
C. mixed
D. market

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 109

1017. which one is an economic system A. primary

A. command B. secondary

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B. GDP C. tertiary
C. GDP per capita D. quaternary
D. entrepreneurship
1023. Name 4 problems facing those em-
1018. What would be a reason that companies ployed in the informal sector?
would choose to outsource? A. Unreasonable fines
A. lack of essential services B. Theft of their goods
B. opportunity to lower production costs C. Bad weather
C. need to establish labor unions D. Little customers
D. support for new technologies E. Not having access to trading facilities
1019. What are the basic support systems 1024. The process by which an economy is
of the economy and society called as a transformed from primarily agricultural to
whole? one based on the manufacturing of good
A. Logistics A. industrialization
B. Infrastructure B. globalization
C. Framework C. colonization
D. Foundation D. urbanization
1020. What is the study of how people and 1025. What countries use the most energy?
governments meet their wants and needs?
(the science that deals with the production, A. China and the United States
distribution, and consumption of goods B. Brazil and Australia
and services? pg. 58 C. Germany and Japan
A. Scarcity D. India and Russia
B. Supply
1026. The cottage industry system involved
C. Economics manufacturing
D. none of above A. of luxury goods
1021. In which country did the Industrial Rev- B. in the home (by hand)
olution begin? C. of the steam engine
A. The United States
D. in small factories
B. England
1027. What does number 1 represent?
C. France
D. Germany

1022. The economic sector associated with the

provision of transport is referred to as the
sector.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 110

A. Colorado River 1033. This sector of economy occurs directly

B. Hudson River where a natural resource is located.
A. Primary Sector
C. Mississippi River
B. Secondary Sector
D. St. Lawrence River
C. Tertiary Sector
1028. *By what year is it predicted that 70 D. Quaternary Sector
percent of the human population will live
1034. The greater the country’s level of eco-

NARAYAN CHANGDER
in urban areas.
nomic development the
A. 2030
A. Lower the cost of living
B. 2100
B. Higher agricultural labor force
C. 2050
C. Lower the urban population
D. 2040
D. Higher the standard of living
1029. When the government puts a tax on 1035. What is the cause of the world’s second
goods coming into a country, it is called fastest growth in India’s automobile indus-
a: try?
A. GDP A. Cheap technical labor
B. tariff B. Policy to attract FDI
C. subsidy C. “Made in India” program
D. remittance D. Favorable geographical location

1030. plumber 1036. What does literacy mean?

A. white collar A. ability to read and write

B. ability to learn
B. blue collar
C. ability to farm
1031. Which mineral reserves in France are D. none of the above
the top in Europe?
1037. GOVERNMENT SERVICES is an example
A. Uranium
of which industry sector?
B. Bauxite
A. Primary
C. Diamond B. Secondary
D. Kali C. Tertiary
1032. Level of education, skilled and unskilled D. none of above
laborers, and entrepreneurial abilities are 1038. Which country is the most populous in
considered the EU?
A. human resources A. Virtue
B. physical resources B. France
C. capital resources C. Spain
D. political resources D. IDEA

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 111

1039. The biggest problem faced by less devel- D. attempts made to modernize a resort
oped countries in financing development is after period of decline

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A. confrontation with more developed 1045. Actions or processes that involve the en-
countries. tire world and result in making something
B. identifying unique economic assets. worldwide in scope. Transnational corpo-
rations often cause this to happen and im-
C. inability to repay loans.
pacts can be economic and/or cultural.
D. promoting self-sufficiency.
A. urbanization
1040. Which are factors influencing the devel- B. industrialization
opment of the PWV complex
C. deindustrialization
A. Discovery of gold D. globalization
B. Coal as a source of energy
1046. NIC stands for
C. Plenty of skilled and unskilled labour
A. newly industrialized countries.
D. Well-developed transport routes
B. never industrializing countries.
1041. Which type of loan’s interest rate is C. newly indicated countries.
lower?
D. neutral intense countries.
A. Secured
1047. (A. Heavy or B. Light) industry works
B. Unsecured with large quantities of raw materials and
1042. How big is the British economy in the large-scale machinery.
world? A. A
A. 4 B. B
B. 5 1048. An economic system that allows individ-
C. 6 uals to start businesses, but still has gov-
ernment regulations is
D. 7
A. Traditional
1043. Farming, mining, fishing and forestry
B. Market
are all part of the
C. Command
A. Primary sector
D. Mixed
B. Secondary sector
C. Quaternary sector 1049. What is a tariff?

D. Quinary sector A. A government order to stop trade

B. A limit placed on imports
1044. What does stagnation mean on the But-
C. A tax placed on imports
ler’s model
D. none of above
A. small numbers of tourists are at-
tracted to a new place 1050. The US and Canada have a rich supply
B. when tourist resort become unfashion- of natural resources.
able + numbers level off A. True
C. when tourist numbers fall in a resort B. False

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 112

1051. The struggle between businesses selling C. Primary

the same goods (ex:Best Buy v.s. Wal-
mart). pg. 60 D. Quartinary

A. Supply
1056. HOME CONSTRUCTION is an example of
B. Demand which industry sector?
C. Competition A. Primary
D. none of above

NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. Secondary
1052. Farming and raising livestock for profit
C. Tertiary
is called
A. Subsistence farming D. none of above
B. Commercial farming
1057. Patterns of urban development occur ac-
C. Arable farming cording to:
D. none of above
A. the color of buildings and the types of
1053. Alfred Weber’s Least Cost Theory takes trees in the area
into account all of the following EXCEPT:
B. the number of coffee shops and the
availability of public transportation
C. the phases of the moon and planetary
alignment
D. Site and situation
A. locating markets close to raw materi-
als. 1058. In this type of economy the government,
B. transportation costs. who owns the means of production, deter-
mines what will be produced.
C. weight of raw materials.
A. market economy
D. agglomeration costs.
E. consumer demand for the finished B. free enterprise
product. C. command economy
1054. Oil is an example of D. all of the above
A. Natural Resources
B. Human Resources 1059. What is the RDP?
C. Capital Resources A. Reconstruction Development Pro-
D. Entrepreneurship gramme is a South African socio-
economic policy framework implemented
1055. Morgan and Madison work as lumber- by the African National Congress (ANC)
jacks, which business sector do they work
in B. Its an important policy instrument
aimed at broadening the economic base
A. Tertiary of the country by stimulating further eco-
B. Secondary nomic growth and creating employment

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 113

1060. Which of the following are all negative E. entertainment

impacts of mass tourism? Explanation:Quaternary economic activi-
ties are primarily concerned with informa-

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A. Most profit kept by travel company,
tion sharing and development. Research
seasonal tourist jobs, tourists may be
and development is the only quaternary
poorly behaved
activity listed.
B. Seasonal tourist jobs, increased
sewage, money brought to local economy 1065. Jaylynn has opened a restaurant serv-
ing strawberry desserts. Tien and Marcela
C. Bad behaviour of tourists, income from
are security guards at the restaurant.
tourists reinvested into environment and
What business sector are they all apart of?
local community projects
A. Tertiary
D. Traffic congestion, improved roads, in-
come increased for tourist industry. B. Primary
C. Quartinary
1061. Which type of economic activity requires
extensive areas of land? D. Secondary
A. Industrial manufacturing 1066. Herding (keeping or looking after live-
B. Commercial agriculture stock) would be an activity in what type
of category?
C. Petroleum extraction
A. quaternary economic activities
D. Retail business
B. primary economic activities
1062. Which type of economy would you be
C. secondary economic activities
most likely to find government control?
D. tertiary economic activities
A. Market Economy
B. Command Economy 1067. Although has a limited amount of
natural resources, it specializes in financial
C. Traditional Economy and knowledge-based industries, which it
D. none of above offers to countries worldwide.
A. Ivory Coast
1063. Raw material is related to
B. Russia
A. Secondary sector
C. United States
B. Primary sector
D. Switzerland
C. Tertiary sector
D. Services 1068. Which of the following are factors that
influenced industrial development in SA?
1064. Which of the following is an example of
A. Large resource of raw materials such
quaternary economic activity?
as minerals, and agricultural products
A. transportation (fruit, maize)
B. research and development B. Energy-coal as a source of energy
C. oil production C. Link industries
D. agriculture D. Transport infrastructure

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 114

1069. Which of the following factors is NOT 1074. What is Free Enterprise?
part of HDI (Human Development Index)? A. Economic system in which the govern-
A. Life expectancy ment controls everything
B. Expected years of schooling for chil- B. Economic system that is passed down
dren and average years of schooling for through the generations
adults C. Economic system in which individuals
C. GNI per capita and businesses are allowed to compete

NARAYAN CHANGDER
for profit with a minimum of government
D. Government taxation income
interference
1070. A ban on importing or exporting se- D. none of above
lected products or trading with a particular
country is called 1075. insurance is an example of
A. an embargo A. primary sector
B. an import B. agriculture

C. an export C. tertiary sector

D. a monopoly D. none of above

1076. industry works with large quanti-

1071. A situation in which consumers want
ties of raw materials and large-scale ma-
more of a good or service than producers
chinery
are willing and able to make at a particular
price A. Heavy
A. scarcity B. Light
B. need C. bridge
C. want D. footloose
D. shortage 1077. Which type of country is most depen-
dent on a ground transportation network
1072. What product was first made using ma- for international trade
chines in factories?
A. Landlocked
A. Steel
B. Coastal
B. textiles
C. Island
C. locomotives
D. Tropical
D. flying shuttles
1078. The most important cost in Weber’s
1073. A government where one person makes Least Cost Theory is:
all the rules and decisions without input
from anyone else:
A. Oligarchy
B. Democracy
C. Dictatorship
D. Monarchy A. labor costs.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 115

B. transportation costs. 1084. How would Weber’s least cost theory

C. infrastructure costs. explain the location of Japanese manufac-
turing plants in the U.S., such as Nintendo

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D. energy production costs. or Nissan?
E. land plot costs. A. Japanese plants are heavily depen-
dent on migrant labor and advantageously
1079. In which type of government does the
located nearinternational borders
power belong to only one person?
B. Japanese plants in the U.S. help com-
A. autocracy
panies to save on fuel costs and access to
B. Theocracy raw materials.
C. Oligarchy C. Japanese companies are most suc-
D. Confederation cessful because they establish trading
networks free of trade barriers with other
1080. Countries with low GDPs are more de- corecountries.
veloped countries, and countries with high D. When compared with the U.S. work-
GDPs are less developed countries. force, Japanese workers are underedu-
A. True cated and can only perform low-skill jobs
B. False E. There are more technopoles in the U.S.
when compared with Japan. This saves
1081. What problems can be caused by the Japanese companies money.
growth of urban areas? Explanation:Weber’s laws focus on orient-
A. Decrease in population density ing factories in such a way as to maximize
profit by minimizing costs of fuel, labor,
B. Increase in agricultural production and markets. American consumers pur-
C. Reduction in air pollution chase large numbers of Japanese goods;
D. Pollution, traffic congestion, develop- therefore, it makes sense for companies
ment of “shantytowns” like Toyota to locate near raw materials
and market areas (U.S. cities).
1082. What is the famous citadel of the Inca
1085. The movement of jobs from the U.S to
Empire located in Peru?
countries like India is an example of which
A. Taj Mahal of the following?
B. Eiffel Tower A. Offshoring
C. Great Wall of China B. Outsourcing
D. Machu Picchu
1086. Industrialization led to the development
1083. Countries with a low standard of living, of cottage industries.
little industrial output, and a low Gross A. True
Domestic Product are referred to as
B. False
A. plantation economies.
1087. Copper, lead, iron, and aluminum are
B. command economies. useful when combined with other metals
C. developed countries. to form
D. developing countries. A. heavy metals

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 116

B. alloys 1093. Businesses set prices, compete, with lit-

C. precious metals tle government control

D. lotions

1088. The image shows a primary sector job.

What type of job is it?
A. factory worker

NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. chef
C. farmer
D. tree trimmer A. capitalism
1089. An input factor that has become increas- B. socialism
ingly erratic often resulting in load shed- C. marxism
ding.
D. communism
A. labour supply
B. Energy supply 1094. Which of the following are among the
C. Raw material main industrial activities found in the PWV
complex?
D. Footloose
A. Chemical industries
1090. model of economic and social develop-
B. Motor vehicles
ment that explains global inequality in
terms of the historical exploitation of poor C. Sugar refining
nations by rich nations D. Food and beverages
A. World Systems Theory
1095. Types of Economic Systems:Groups mak-
B. Modernization Model
ing decisions based on traditions and cus-
C. Organic Theory toms that have been handed down.
D. Dependency Theory A. Traditional
1091. Retail sales are part of the B. Command
A. Primary sector C. Market
B. Secondary sector D. Mixed
C. Tertiary sector
1096. a system of resource management in
D. Quinary sector which decisions about production and dis-
1092. Which two key groups make up a free tribution of goods and services are made
market economy? by a central authority.

A. Business owners and consumers A. mixed economy

B. Business owners and employees B. command economy
C. Employees and government C. market economy
D. Business owners and governemnt D. traditional economy

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 117

1097. Which statement BEST reflects the dif- C. Blockchain

ference between tariffs and quotas? D. AI

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A. Tariffs raise prices on exports, while
quotas set limits on imports. 1103. What are the benefits of use of re-
sources?
B. Tariffs raise prices on imports, while
quotas set limits on exports. A. Limited availability and access to re-
sources.
C. Tariffs raise prices on exports, while
quotas set limits on exports. B. No benefits at all.
C. Production of goods and services, em-
D. Tariffs raise prices on imports, while
ployment opportunities, development of
quotas set limits on imports.
technologies
1098. A resource that cannot be used again is D. Decreased efficiency, increased costs,
called decreased productivity, and increased en-
A. Renewable vironmental impact.
B. Infinite 1104. (A. Ubiquitous or B. Bridge) industries
C. Non Renewable can locate in any geographic area.
D. Artificial A. A
B. B
1099. Does access to higher education result
in a skilled or unskilled workforce? 1105. Involves the exchange of goods and ser-
A. skilled vices between nations.
B. unskilled A. International trade
B. free trade
1100. Competition and profit motive are im-
portant characteristics of a: C. trade barriers

A. command economy D. International diplomacy

B. traditional economy 1106. Which Southeast Asian country is one of

the four Asian dragons?
C. market economy
A. Singapore
D. socialist economy
B. Thailand
1101. Which country is highly industrialized,
C. Brunei
but has limited resources?
D. Vietnam
A. Japan
B. United States 1107. This subset of the service sector includes
knowledge-based economic services such
C. Russia
as research & development, education,
D. China etc.
1102. Which of the following is not a charac- A. Primary
teristic of the 4.0 Industrial Revolution? B. Secondary
A. Automated production line C. Quaternary
B. Big Data D. Quinary

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 118

1108. The idea that some people have more C. infrastructure costs.
access to and are better able to use tech- D. energy production costs.
nology is called the:
A. technology gap 1113. The formation of economic unions is fos-
tered by-
B. contagion theory of technology
A. Desire to promote military conflict and
C. technology transfer process
competition among member countries
D. maturity stage of technology

NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. Lack of interest in increasing trade
E. technology deficiency and economic cooperation among mem-
Explanation:The technology gap refers to ber countries
the gap in access to technical knowledge.
Poorer populations have less access, and C. Goal of reducing economic growth and
younger people tend to know more about development among member countries
how to use technology than older people, D. Desire to promote economic interde-
for example. pendence
1109. Urban populations do not exercise a 1114. Which system of government divides
powerful influence in shaping the world’s powers between the national government
cultural, political, and economic ideas and and state or provincial governments?
systems.
A. Unitary System
A. True
B. Federal System
B. False
C. Autocratic System
1110. The wealth and resources of a country D. Oligarchy System
or region, especially in terms of the pro-
duction and consumption of goods and ser- 1115. Which activity best completes this ta-
vices is a definition of ble?
A. Investment
B. Geography
C. Economy
D. Wealth

1111. Agriculture, fishing, forestry, and min- A. Banking

ing are examples of industries.
B. Canning
A. primary
C. Fishing
B. secondary
D. Ranching
C. tertiary
D. none of above 1116. Export means
A. buying goods from another country
1112. The most important cost in Weber’s
Least Cost Theory is: B. selling goods to another country
A. labor costs. C. only making one kind of product
B. transportation costs. D. none of above

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 119

1117. Squatter settlements are 1121. An economic activity sector in which

A. Improvised housing, made of plywood, people use raw materials to produce or
manufacture new products:

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corrugated metal, sheets of plastic and
cardboard boxes A. Primary
B. Movement of people into cities B. Secondary
C. The expansion of human populations C. Tertiary
away from central urban areas into low-
D. Quaternary
density, car dependent communities
D. Revitalization of old buildings into new 1122. Economic activity sector that provides
businesses to provide new job opportuni- services to people and businesses:
ties A. Primary
1118. Which one of the following is a reason B. Secondary
why people might be having more holi- C. Tertiary
days?
D. Quaternary
A. Less disposable income
B. More disposable income 1123. Which characteristic best replaces the
question mark?
C. Limited holiday time
D. Less free time

1119. Literacy rate is the

A. Proportion of the population that can
read and write
A. Expanded regional trade
B. Proportion of the population aged 15
B. Greater career opportunities
years and above that can read and write
C. Increased air pollution
C. Proportion of the population aged 18
years and above that can read and write D. More cultural centers
D. none of above 1124. The Human Development Index is a mea-
sure of both economic production and:
1120. Which sector is this?
A. social indicators
B. population density
C. unemployment rates
D. income per capita
E. income disparity
Explanation:The United Nations uses the
A. Primary sector Human Development Index (HDI) to mea-
B. Secondary sector sure human welfare in a country. The HDI
is calculated using a formula that takes
C. Tertiary sector into account social indicators as well as
D. none of above economic production.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 120

1125. Economic activity that involves the pro- 1129. Less developed countries usually partic-
duction of services. ipate in what type of economic activities?
A. primary sector A. tertiary
B. secondary sector B. primary
C. tertiary sector C. quaternary
D. capital D. secondary

NARAYAN CHANGDER
1126. What was the primary reason for mov- 1130. Secondary economic activity examples
ing into cities include all BUT

A. farming A. Carpenters

B. food B. Car Manufactures

C. work C. Bankers

D. healthcare D. Insurance Agent

1131. Farming, mining, fishing, and forestry

1127. what level of economic activity has part
are all considered to be
of the service sector connecting the man-
ufacturers with the customers such as A. Primary Economic Activities
banks, medical services, shops, and edu- B. Secondary Economic Activities
cation
C. Tertiary Economic Activities
A. tertiary
D. Quaternary Economic Activities
B. primary
C. low 1132. Which of the following are among the
main industrial activities found in the
D. secondary southwestern Cape region?

1128. I am a farmer in Africa, and have always A. Sugar refining

traded what i produce in the same way. I B. link industries
work in a economy.
C. fish canning and packing
D. food processing

1133. “It is not from the benevolence of the

butcher, the brewer, or the baker, that we
expect our dinner, but from their regard
to their own interest.”-Adam Smith Which
type of economy does this quote BEST as-
sociate with?
A. Traditional A. Market Economy
B. Command B. Command Economy
C. Market C. Traditional Economy
D. Mixed D. none of above

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 121

1134. What are examples of renewable re- 1140. What are some characteristics of human
sources? populations?

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A. soil, water, forests A. Political affiliation, favorite TV show,
B. electricity, coal, oil and preferred mode of transportation

C. nuclear energy, fossil fuels, petroleum B. Number of pets, favorite food, and
shoe size
D. coal, oil, natural gas
C. Male/female distribution, birth and
1135. The city would be death rates, age distribution
A. urban D. Color, weight, height, and hair type
B. rural 1141. All of the following are economic differ-
1136. Insurance would be an example of an ences between developing and developed
economic activity in the countries:

A. primary sector A. Levels of economic development, stan-

dards of living and quality of life.
B. business sector
B. Education levels, healthcare system,
C. quinary sector and political stability
D. secondary sector C. Religious beliefs, natural disasters,
1137. Which of the following are examples of and population size
site (local characteristics)? D. Language spoken, cultural practices,
A. Confluence cities such as Khartoum, and climate
Sudan and Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. 1142. Goods or services needed for survival
B. Hilltop cities such as Rome, Athens, A. goods
and Jerusalem
B. services
C. Oasis cities such as Damascus, Syria
C. needs
D. All of these
D. wants
1138. In 2010, China announced that it would
impose and import a tax on American poul- 1143. The sector contributed the most to
try of up 105.4 percent. South Africa’s GDP in thefirst quarter.

A. Tariff A. mining

B. Embargo B. agriculture

C. Quota 1144. Which of the following is not a contribu-

D. none of above tion to South Africa’s agriculture?
A. Agriculture gives jobs to more than
1139. Industry where someone only grows 600 000 people
food for their family.
B. Farm products provide raw materials
A. Subsistence Agriculture for industry
B. Commercial Agriculture C. Bad farming practices
C. Cottage Industry D. Agriculture has not maintained the rel-
D. Commercial Manufacturing ative importance it used to have

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 122

1145. Human Development Index measures 1150. True or False:New Delhi is a completely
standard of living which considers the fol- separate area from the city of Delhi
lowing factors: A. Correct
A. measures the money in a country B. Sai
(GDP)
1151. Which of the following is an example of
B. education, income and health
a good? Select ALL that apply.
C. measures how many luxury items peo-
A. a shirt

NARAYAN CHANGDER
ple have
B. a phone
D. age, weight and height
C. a haircut
1146. A tariff D. a teacher
A. Encourages people to buy goods made
from their country. 1152. Russia’s (former Soviet Union) firsts in
the field of space conquest?
B. Increases trade between other coun-
tries. A. The first artificial satellite

C. Stops trade completely. B. The first human to go into space

C. First woman in space
D. Only placed to encourage democracy.
D. First spacewalk
1147. Which sector of economy would you find
this job:collecting sunshine with solar pan- 1153. Moving to a different country for eco-
els nomic opportunities is a
A. Primary Sector A. Push
B. Secondary Sector B. Pull
C. Tertiary Sector 1154. Per capita GDP is a good indicator of all
D. Quaternary Sector but which of the following?
A. the approximate level of material well
1148. What are some negatives of globaliza- being in a country
tion?
B. the number of countries below the
A. Workers are treated poorly in sweat- poverty level
shops
C. the distribution of wealth within a
B. Pollution and deforestation country
C. Low wages for factory workers in Asia D. the spatial distribution of global wealth
and Africa
1155. What is the main difference between
D. All of the answers are correct
a market economy and a command econ-
1149. Which industry accounts for 15% of In- omy?
dia’s exports? A. In a market economy, the government
A. Textile controls production, while in a command
economy, businesses control production.
B. Electronic
B. In a market economy, businesses con-
C. Manufacturing weapons trol production, while in a command econ-
D. Food Processing omy, the government controls production.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 123

C. In a market economy, trade is not A. land, water, air and food

allowed, while in a command economy, B. people, animals, water and food
trade is encouraged.

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C. land, labor, capital and entrepreneur-
D. In a market economy, trade is encour- ship
aged, while in a command economy, trade
is not allowed. D. none of above
1161. Determine which family in the chart
1156. What is the word for the number of peo-
above is engaged in cottage industry.
ple who can read and write in a country?
A. income
B. literacy rate
C. life expectancy
A. Family A
D. free enterprise
B. Family B
1157. Economic Sectors:Revolve around creat- C. Family C
ing information and making high-level de-
D. Family D
cisions
A. Primary Sector 1162. Some companies sell their product in
overseas markets at a much lower price
B. Secondary Sector
than their actual cost of producing. What
C. Tertiary Sector is that product called?
D. Quarternary Sector A. Discounting
E. Quinary Sector B. Dumping

1158. What is the meaning of interregional or C. Increase the price

interisland trade? D. Falling the price
A. Trade between urban and rural areas 1163. An artifact, document, diary,
B. Trade between different countries manuscript, or other source of information
created at the time of study is a
C. Trade between government agencies
A. Primary
D. Trade within the same region or island
B. Secondary
1159. This is when company relocates a piece
(or all)of its manufacturing operations to 1164. free-trade zones
factories in othercountries due to cheaper
resources/labor
A. job shipping
B. outsourcing
C. resourcing
D. layoffs

1160. A country is more likely to have a strong

economy if it has all four factors of produc- A. or areas where goods are sold without
tion: trade barriers such as tariffs.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 124

B. or areas where goods are purchased 1169. A system in which government power
without trade barriers such as tariffs. and authority to rule belongs to a single
C. or areas where goods are traded with- person.
out trade barriers such as tariffs. A. Unitary system
D. or areas where goods are traded with- B. Federal system
out trade barriers such as taxes.
C. Confederation System
1165. In the core-periphery model of global
D. Autocracy System

NARAYAN CHANGDER
economic patterns, all of Africa isincluded
in the periphery, EXCEPT: 1170. Arabs in the Arab-Israeli conflict refers
A. Zimbabwe to what ethnic group?
B. Morocco
C. Lesotho
D. South Africa
E. Egypt
Explanation:South Africa is the only coun-
try listed that is not included in the periph-
ery.
1166. a good sent from one country to another
in trade
A. import
A. Jews
B. export
B. Christians
1167. What is the main idea of this section? C. Arab-Muslims
A. People produce, buy, and sell goods in
D. none of above
a variety of ways.
B. Geographers student where economic 1171. another word for money
activity occurs.
A. barter
C. The production of goods and services
is known as economic activity. B. economics
D. none of above C. currency

1168. Which of the following are manifesta- D. price

tions of globalization?
1172. These countries having more technology
A. The international division of labor is in- and manufacturing; most work in service
creasingly deepening or information industries and high stan-
B. The role of TNCs is increasingly impor- dard of living.
tant A. More Developed Country
C. More and more socio-economic coop-
B. Newly Industrialized Countries
eration organizations are appearing
C. Less Developed Countries
D. The strategy of shutting down the
economy still exists D. none of above

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 125

1173. What is ASEAN? 1178. All of the following help provide access
A. Association of Southeast Asian Na- to human, natural and capital resources:

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tions A. Social media, entertainment, and fash-
B. Association of Southeast African Na- ion
tions
B. Transportation networks, availability
C. Association of European Pact Coun- of investment capital and communication
tries networks
D. Association of the old Soviet Alliance
C. Agriculture, healthcare, and trans-
1174. A tax put on goods that are imported portation
into a country.
D. Art, music, and literature
A. Subsidy
B. Quota 1179. Identify which of the following is NOT
C. Embargo a contribution to a mining within South
Africa.
D. Tariff
A. 9, 6% to GDP contribution
1175. The Organization of Petroleum Export-
ing Countries (OPEC) was created to B. multiplier effect in transport = 18% to
A. control the supply and price of crude GDP
oil C. workforce employed plus families they
B. improve transportation in developing support
nations
D. Fluctuation in rand exchange rates
C. promote the production of high-quality
fossil fuels. E. pays taxes
D. limit the access of nations to solar
power 1180. Secondary Economic Activity is

1176. Which countries belong to NAFTA? A. basic, necessary activities

A. Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay B. Using resources from primary activi-
B. USA, Canada, Mexico ties and creating a product
C. Switzerland, Iceland, Norway, Lichten- C. Service sector connects the manufac-
stein turers with the customers
D. Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Saudi Arabia D. none of above
1177. The United Nations recently created 17
Sustainable Development Goals to help 1181. Which factor is least important in select-
combat: ing the location for a factory?
A. Lack of resources and global inequality A. Access to schools
B. Too much access to technology
B. Distribution of populations
C. Not enough people moving to cities
C. Zoning laws
D. Too many individuals living in rural ar-
eas D. Transportation networks

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 126

1182. Which of the following are the two main B. market economy
factors of rural land use, according to the C. Tertiary Activities
von Thunen model?
D. Quaternary Activities
A. Technology and productivity
B. Transportation and land costs 1188. Go to Intracen to look up. India’s
four largest export products in 2019 carry
C. Sustainability and physical conditions
codes:27, 71, 84 and 28
D. Subsidies and commodities markets

NARAYAN CHANGDER
1183. Tertiary economic activities can be lo-
cated anywhere.
A. True
B. False
A. Correct
1184. Which below best completes this dia- B. Sai
gram?
1189. War is a

A. Manual Labor
B. Limited communication
C. Diverse economy
D. Specialized production
A. pull factor
1185. Which is the BEST example of a “foot-
loose” economic activity? B. push factor

A. a steel mill 1190. Which of the following countries does

B. an auto assembly plant NOT have a market economy?
C. a software engineering firm A. North Korea
D. an aluminum smelter B. Canada
C. United Kingdom
1186. When the central government is run by
a small group of people. D. USA
A. Autocracy 1191. Which of the following are 4 reasons for
B. Democracy employment in the Informal sector?
C. Oligarchy A. A source of income is needed
D. Parliamentary B. Wide spread poverty

1187. the way people produce and exchange C. High un-employment rates
goods D. Its better the formal sector
A. economic system E. Downsizing due to labour laws

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 127

1192. What type of farming makes use of ma-

chines and less labour

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A. Intensive
B. Extensive

1193. Choose the statement that best de-

scribes a free market. A. Tertiary Sector
A. An economy that has little government B. Secondary Sector
intervention in the allocation of resources C. Primary Sector
& distribution of goods/services
D. Quaternary Sector
B. An economy where there is no state
ownership 1197. Measured by the UN’s “Gender Inequal-
ity Index”?
C. An economy that has no government
intervention in the allocation of resources A. Human Development
& distribution of goods/services B. Total Fertilty Rate
D. An economy that has full government C. Gender Gap
intervention in the allocation of resources D. Gini Coefficient
& distribution of goods/services
1198. A country with low life expectancies
1194. What is GDP, and what does it stand A. More Developed Country
for?
B. Less Developed Country
A. Gross Domestic Product. Only mea-
C. Newly Industrialized Country
sures what is produced in the country it-
self. D. none of above

B. Gross National Product. Indicates 1199. A system of resource management in

the value of all goods and services pro- which the government supports and regu-
duced by a country over a period of time, lates enterprise through decisions that af-
whether foreign or domestic. fect the market place.
C. Gross Nations Produce. All of the food A. Command Economy
that is grown in a nation B. Mixed Economy
D. None of the above C. Free Enterprise
D. Market Economy
1195. What is the most common method of
measuring a country’s wealth? 1200. A group of countries imposing few or
A. GAP (Great American Product) no duties (tariffs or restrictions) on trade
with one another and a common tariff on
B. GBP (Great Big Product) trade with other countries. Ex:The EU,
C. GCP (Greater Country Product) USMCA (Formerly known as NAFTA).

D. GDP (Gross Domestic Product) A. Factors of Production

B. International (Global) Division of La-
1196. Choose the correct option bor

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 128

C. Multinationals 1206. The market value of all final goods and

services produced within a country during
D. Common Market
a given period of time is
1201. What is the abbreviation for ASEAN A. Gross domestic product
Free Trade Area? B. standard of living
A. capable C. gross private domestic income
B. AFTA D. takes over

NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. SHAFT 1207. Home-made products are product of
what?
D. AEC
A. industrial manufacturing
1202. Identify which of the following are SDI’s B. commercial agriculture
A. SWC C. cottage industries
B. Close up D. none of above

C. Fishriver 1208. Where is Japan’s industry mainly con-

centrated?
D. Wildcoast
A. Honshu Island
E. Polokwane
B. Pacific Coast
1203. Which of the following has an internal C. ��o Hokkaido
combustion engine? D. Ryukyu Islands
A. Automobile 1209. In which economic system is the protec-
B. Steam engine Nuclear tion of private property rights essential?
C. Nuclear Reactor A. Command
B. Traditional
D. Solar Panel
C. Market
1204. a system in which tradition and custom D. Socialism
control all economic activity; exists in only
a few parts of the world today. 1210. The US is the world leader in which of
the following industries?
A. market economy
A. Service
B. free enterprise B. Manufacturing industry
C. traditional economy C. Agriculture (grain production)
D. mixed economy D. All right

1205. A farmer belongs to 1211. A democracy in which people elect oth-

ers to make laws is a:
A. Tertiary sector
A. Monarch democracy
B. Secondary sector B. assembled democracy
C. Primary sector C. direct democracy
D. none of above D. representative democracy

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 129

1212. To escape poverty and disease C. A European worker moves to the USA
A. Push and gets a high paying job at a tech com-
pany.

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B. Pull
D. An American company decides to
1213. A government ruled by a small group of change it’s steel contracts from Japanese
rich people. companies to Chinese companies

1217. True or False:Currently, over 50% of In-

dia’s workforce works in industry and ser-
vices.
A. Correct
B. Sai

A. Theocracy 1218. What can you buy on the commodity

B. Oligarchy market?
C. Republic A. Currency
D. Communism B. Shares

1214. In a traditional economy, goods are pro- C. Bonds

duced for the: D. Oil
A. church
1219. What are the BRIC countries?
B. government
A. The countries with the lowest level of
C. public schools economic development.
D. family B. The largest newly industrialized
1215. Of the following groups of English economies in the world, including Brazil,
words, which groups contain only words Russia, India, and China.
originating from the Indo-Iranian language C. Countries that are good at masonry.
family?
D. The most highly advanced countries in
A. bungalow, bangles, cot, cheetah the world.
B. jungle, bangles, ketchup, bamboo
1220. In which country would a clothing com-
C. thug, juggernaut, bandana, loot pany most likely locate its jean factory?
D. shampoo, orange, jungle, zero

1216. Which of the following is the best exam-

ple of Outsourcing?
A. An El Salvadorian immigrant illegally
immigrates to the USA to find work A. 1
B. An American Tech Company fires it’s B. 2
American Employees and hires people in
C. 3
Bangladesh to do the same job for 1/4 the
cost D. 4

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 130

1221. Which of the following includes develop- C. Built-In Inflation

ing nations? D. none of above
A. Sub-Saharan countries
1227. A system which private individuals or
B. Europe
groups have the right to own property or
C. Scandinavian countries businesses and make profit with limited
D. North America government interference
A. Command Economy
1222. A product goes through how many

NARAYAN CHANGDER
stages in it’s cycle? B. Traditional Economy
A. 2 C. Free Enterprise
B. 4 D. Socialism
C. 6
1228. Choose all that are correct:
D. 7
A. In a traditional economy, people trade
1223. Over time, the use of solar energy has goods and services without money.
resulted in what concerns? B. In a free enterprise economy, publicly
A. Increased air pollution owned businesses create good that peo-
B. Aesthetic concerns, and cost. ple buy in markets. This is also called a
market economy or capitalism.
C. Decreased water pollution
C. In a command economy, the govern-
D. Reduced land use ment owns most parts of the of the econ-
1224. You may choose multiple answers if ap- omy and decides what will be produced
plicable. Economic activity includes: and sold.

A. Making D. A mixed economy has elements of a

free enterprise and command economy.
B. Buying
C. Selling 1229. What is the western and southwestern
region of the United States, which wit-
D. none of above
nessed great economic development, espe-
1225. Trade is extremely important in this cially industry, called?
type of economy. A. Sun Belt
A. Market Economy B. New industrial belt
B. Command Economy C. Magic mechanical belt
C. Traditional Economy D. The belt burned
D. none of above
1230. the total value of all goods and services
1226. Which type of inflation is this:It occurs produced by a country in a time period
when prices increase due to increases in
A. GNP
production costs, such as raw materials
and wages. B. GDP
A. Cost-Push Inflation C. GPA
B. Demand-Pull Inflation D. GED

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 131

1231. All natural resources used to make 1236. Transportation, retail trade, and infor-
goods and services mational technology services are what eco-
nomic activity?

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A. labor
B. capital A. Tertiary
C. entrepreneur B. Secondary
D. land C. Primary
1232. During the Industrial Revolution, people D. Environmental
were motivated to move to urban areas
primarily by 1237. This sector of economy can occur at the
source or the market
A. artistic and cultural opportunities.
A. Primary Sector
B. poor housing and pollution.
B. Secondary Sector
C. economic opportunities.
D. the depletion of soils in agricultural ar- C. Tertiary Sector
eas. D. Quaternary Sector
1233. Which type of economy would you be 1238. What is one sign of the grow-
most likely to find subsistence agriculture? ing economic influence of the Pacific
A. Market Economy Rim?Responses
B. Command Economy A. There is much economic growth and
C. Traditional Economy development in East Asian countries.
D. none of above B. The value of goods crossing the Pacific
Ocean now exceeds that of goods cross-
1234. Which of the following are all examples ing the Atlantic Ocean.
of primary economic activities?
C. Trade between the United States and
A. manufacturing, providing services, & East Asian countries has increased over
processing information the past 50 years.
B. agriculture, fishing, & mining D. The population rates for most coun-
C. mining, manufacturing, & fishing tries in the Pacific Rim continue to rise.
D. agriculture, mining, & manufacturing
1239. Economic progress varies greatly be-
1235. How would you describe a Less Devel- tween countries and within countries.
oped Country? A. True
A. A country that has begun transition-
B. False
ing from primarily agricultural to primarily
manufacturing 1240. How long a person is expected to live is
B. Also known as a developing country, a called what
country that is at a relatively early stage A. labour
in the process of economic development.
B. high GDP
C. A country characterized by high in-
come per person C. life expectancy
D. none of above D. low GDP

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 132

1241. Humans are most likely to heavily pop- 1247. Which of the following statements is
ulate a area. NOT true about the effects of specialisa-
A. mountaintop tion?
B. desert A. Countries can sell their products in a
C. river delta large volume on the global market.

D. tundra B. Specialisation aided the establishment

of the global market.
1242. furnish personal or professional ser-

NARAYAN CHANGDER
vices. C. Specialisation brought about interna-
tional trade relationships.
A. Tertiary Activities
B. Primary Activities D. Countries can’t sell their products
cheaper than the competition.
C. Secondary Activities
D. Quaternary Activities 1248. Which of the following factors most dis-
1243. An industry that is located close to courages the use of natural resources such
where its customers live is known as a (A. as coal, trees, and petroleum?
raw material or B. market) industry. A. Financial profits
A. A
B. Employment levels
B. B
C. Environmental issues
1244. These power-producing resources are
the result of solar or planetary processes. D. Technological developments
They include sunlight, geothermal heat,
winds, and tides. 1249. The country described above would best
A. Inexhaustible energy sources be described as a

B. Renewable Resources
C. Nonrenewable Resources
D. Recyclable Resources
A. Developed country
1245. The influence of the automobile led to
the creation of B. Undeveloped country
A. Airports, interstate highways, and mo- C. Newly developed country
tels
D. Neolithic country
B. Interstate highways, drive up services,
motels, gas stations
1250. Taking raw materials from the soil or
1246. Which of the following is considered a water is:
NIC?
A. primary sector
A. Brazil
B. secondary sector
B. Saudi Arabia
C. Vietnam C. private sector
D. United States D. public sector

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 133

1251. Comparing the proportion of private 1255. Something essential for survival
spending on health care in the United
A. want
States to that spent in LDCs reveals

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A. health care is free in LDCs so no com- B. capital
parison is possible. C. labor
B. individuals in the United States pay a D. need
lower percentage
C. individuals in the United States pay a 1256. Which type of economy allows the gov-
higher percentage. ernment to determine what to produce,
D. they are about the same. how to produce it, and who gets it?

1252. Among the following countries, which

country has never owned colonies in India?

A. Finland
B. Denmark A. Command Economy

C. Virtue B. Market Economy

D. Sweden C. Traditional Economy

1253. Which statement best describes a More D. none of above

Economically Developed Country (MEDC).
You may choose multiple answers if appli- 1257. Is a form of government in which all key
cable. powers are given to the national or central
government.
A. Has a lower GDP in comparison to
more economically developed countries A. Unitary system
(MEDC) B. Federal system
B. Has a higher GDP in comparison to
C. Confederation System
more economically developed countries
(MEDC) D. Autocracy System
C. Mostly made up of primary and sec-
ondary sectors 1258. System of roads, ports, and other facil-
ities needed by a modern economy
D. Mostly made up of tertiary sectors
A. capitalism
1254. Hope for a new life and new opportuni-
ties B. developed economy
A. Push C. infrastructure
B. Pull D. developing country

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 134

1259. What is the secondary level of economic 1263. Primary economic activities use raw ma-
activity? terials to manufacture something new.
A. dealing directly with resources A. True
B. manufacturing and processing B. False
C. services (transportation, retail) 1264. Any human made resource that is used
D. information technology to produce other goods and services
A. land

NARAYAN CHANGDER
1260. Interchangeable parts is making differ- B. labor
ent parts of products look
C. capital
A. identical
D. entrepreneur
B. interchange
1265. In the global economy, Japan is a major
C. opposite
participant because their location
D. cheaper A. allows Japan to received aid from the
United States.
1261. It is especially important for steel min-
imills to locate near: B. has forced the majority of their popu-
lation to work for international industry.
C. allows them to easily sell manufac-
tured goods to the rest of the world.
D. has made them a major military power.

1266. Industries that are located between the

source of the raw materials and the cus-
tomer are called industries.
A. market oriented
A. iron ore deposits
B. bridge
B. coal deposits
C. footloose
C. inexpensive labor
D. ubiquitous
D. major metropolitan areas
1267. What is per capita income?
1262. Which is an advantage for a small, de- A. the total amount of money a country
veloping country in joining an economic makes in a year
union?
B. the average amount of money earned
A. Closing of inefficient industries by each person in a country
B. Access to natural resources with re- C. the amount of capital a person owns
strictions
D. none of the above
C. Replacing family farms with agribusi-
nesses 1268. agriculture would be an example of

D. Greater access to international mar- A. secondary sector

kets B. tertiary sector

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 135

C. primary sector A. Primary Activities

D. quinary sector B. Secondary Activities

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1269. Which of the following is a cost of the C. Tertiary Activities
use of resources? D. Quaternary Activities
A. health problems 1274. An economic system in which the gov-
B. production of goods and services ernment decides what to produce, where
C. employment opportunities to make it, and what price to charge
D. development of technologies A. market system
B. command system
1270. What is economic geography?
C. traditional system
A. The study of how goods and services
are produced, distributed, and consumed D. free enterprise
B. The study of physical features of the 1275. Type of Economy that is half command
Earth and half market
C. The study of population and demo- A. Traditional
graphics
B. Command
D. The study of political systems
C. Market
1271. A person who decides how to combine D. Mixed
resources to create goods and services
1276. What is the tertiary level of economic
A. labor
activity?
B. capital
A. dealing directly with resources
C. entrepreneur
B. manufacturing and processing
D. capitalism
C. services (transportation, retail)
1272. Without saying much, India’s population D. farming, mining
ranks 1st in the world?
1277. Which of the following cities is situated
A. 1
near the Ganges River and often called
B. 2 “the religious capital of India?”
C. 3 A. Mecca
D. 4 B. Cape Town
1273. business or professional services C. Bagdad
D. Varanasi

1278. What is the definition of a consumer?

A. anything that can be produced or
grown
B. something that someone does for
someone else in exchange for money
C. anyone who buys a good or service

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 136

D. someone who creates or manufacture B. trade alliances

a good or service
C. service industries
1279. Trees and water are examples of D. international banks
A. Factors of Production
B. Natural Resources 1284. China, the world’s second largest econ-
omy, is becoming more like a market econ-
C. Human Resources
omy. Which policy would contribute di-

NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. Capital Resources rectly to such a change?
1280. Producers of automobiles select loca- A. abolishing state control completely
tions primarily because of access to
B. encouraging consumers to spend
A. government subsidies more and save less
B. labor C. reducing exports and encouraging
C. the market more imports
D. raw materials D. transferring wealth from the state sec-
tor to the private sector
1281. Vietnam joined ASEAN on and be-
came the second member of this orga-
nization. 1285. Economy

A. 28/7/1995; 7
B. 23/7/1997; 6
C. 24/6/1994; 7
D. 26/4/1995; 6

1282. Identify the type of tourism as shown

in the picture.

A. consists of the production and ex-

change of goods and services among a
group of companies.
B. consists of the production and trading
of goods and services among a group of
people.
C. consists of the non-production and ex-
A. Island tourism
change of goods and services among a
B. Medical tourism group of people.
C. Heritage tourism D. consists of the production and ex-
D. Mainland tourism change of goods and services among a
group of people.
1283. Globalization has led to growth in the
following areas EXCEPT 1286. This population pyramid demonstrates a
A. cottage industries country that is most likely

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 137

B. Sudan
C. Indonesia

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D. Japan

1292. What are the main minerals in the Mid-

dle East?

A. developed A. Oil

B. developing B. Diamond

C. in transition C. Uranium

D. highly developed D. Coal

1287. All of the following are indicators of HDI 1293. All of the following are push factors in
according to the UN, EXCEPT: cultural interactions except-

A. demographic A. Agricultural decline

B. economic B. Birth rate

C. social C. Political persecution and limits on per-

sonal freedom
D. geographic
D. Environmental degradation an natural
1288. How is GDP measured? hazards
A. Taxes 1294. What does GDP per capita measure?
B. Tertiary Economic Activity A. the number of people in an area
C. Transportation B. the length of a train ride
D. Economic activity and wealth C. the type of government it has
1289. A resource that can replenish itself is D. to compare money between countries

1295. Poor education systems.

A. Renewable
A. Pull
B. Non-renewable
B. Push
1290. What is the literacy rate (percentage) in
the United States? 1296. One reason some companies choose to
participate in outsourcing is
A. 92.2
B. 92.5
C. 99.0
D. none of above

1291. In “World’s System Analysis” which A. lack of essential servies

of the following would be considered a
“core” country that has great influence on B. opportunity to lower production costs
the world economy? C. need to establish labor unions
A. India D. support for new technology

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 138

1297. Which of the following is NOT consid- E. cultural exchange between countries
ered a capital resource? and people separated by distance
A. skilled worker Explanation:While all of the other choices
are true, not all areas of the globe have
B. car equal accessto the benefits of technology.
C. hammer
D. saw 1301. True or false:Range is the minimum num-
ber of people needed to support a service.
1298. Which phrase best describes the subject

NARAYAN CHANGDER
of this newspaper headline? A. True
B. False
Explanation:THRESHOLD is the minimum
number of people needed to support a ser-
vice would be a true statement.

1302. People freely choose what to buy and

sell.
A. Market Economy
A. Differences in culture
B. Command Economy
B. Tariff reductions on consumer goods
C. Unequal distribution of natural re- C. Traditional Economy
sources D. none of above
D. Internationalization of product assem-
bly 1303. Which of the following is NOT a tourist?
1299. The study of how people seek to satisfy A. One that travels within own country
their needs and wants by making choices and out of his usual environment.
A. economics B. One that is on a business trip to Dubai
B. entrepreneur for more than 3 months.
C. labor C. One that lived in Singapore but trav-
D. capitalism elled to Sydney and have stayed there for
2 years.
1300. Cell phones and the rise of social net-
works have led to all of the following EX- D. One that pursue further studies in Eng-
CEPT: land and returned within 6 months.
A. a rapid flow of information across the
globe 1304. What is the highest peak in the Andes
Mountains?
B. equal access to information and tech-
nology across the globe A. Vomiting
C. political revolutions in countries domi- B. Aconcagua
nated by dictators
C. Mount Kilimanjaro
D. rapid development in emerging
economies D. Mount Everest

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 139

1305. What is a command economy? 1309. Which of the following is NOT a main
A. an economy in which production, in- criticism of Rostow’s model?

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vestment, prices, and incomes are deter- A. The model is based on industrialized,
mined centrally by a government. capitalist, democratic countries.
B. an economy in which production, in- B. Rostow’s model focuses on the devel-
vestment, prices and incomes are de- opment of a single country and does not
termined by unrestricted competition be- take into account that fact that all coun-
tween privately owned business tries are interdependent.
C. an economy in which production and in- C. Rostow’s model places too many coun-
comes are determined by customs or tra- tries in the first traditional stage.
dition D. Rostow did not factor in the massive
D. none of above impact of centuries of colonialism on less
developed countries.
1306. Which of the following is a synonym for Explanation:Rostow’s model places no
a developed country? countries in the first stage (traditional
A. More developed country stage).

B. Medium developing country 1310. Which of the following economic activi-

C. Low developing country ties require the least amount of land?

D. Less developed country A. Banking

B. Ranching
1307. What are the main climate types of
C. Shopping
Southeast Asia?
D. Manufacturing
A. Monsoon
B. Equatorial tropical 1311. What is the total value of goods and ser-
vices produced by a country
C. Oceanic temperate
A. Gross Product Domestic
D. Temperate continental
B. Domestic Gross Product
1308. What is a Market Economy? C. Product Gross Domestic
A. Low-income countries are highly vul- D. Gross Domestic Product
nerable to economic and environmental
shocks 1312. United Arab Emirates’ abundance of oil,
B. A political and economic theory of so- and their lack of industry is an example of
cial organization which advocates that the what kind of economic activity?
means of production, distribution, and ex- A. Secondary economic activity
change should be owned by the commu- B. Tertiary economic activity
nity as a whole
C. Quaternary economic activity
C. Economic system in which decisions
on production and consumption of goods D. non-proximity economic activity
and services are based on voluntary ex- 1313. According to World Bank data, which
change in markets number is closest to India’s GDP per capita
D. none of above in 2019?

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 140

1318. economic activities are involved

with the processing and distribution of in-
formation and people.
A. 1900 USD/person/year A. Primary
B. 2000 USD/person/year B. Secondary
C. 2100 USD/person/year C. Tertiary
D. 2200 USD/person/year D. Quaternary

NARAYAN CHANGDER
1314. Which economic structure is this:The 1319. what year did migration to urban areas
produced/gathered things are the prop- begin?
erty of the whole society/tribe. A. 1900s
A. Traditional economy B. 1800s
B. Command economy C. 1600s
C. Market economy D. 1700s
D. none of above 1320. Which of the following is a good exam-
ple of a dictatorship?
1315. The of hand sanitizer has had to in-
crease at the factories because of the Coro-
navirus.
A. Production
B. Consumption
C. Distribution
A. Great Britain
D. Factors of Production
B. Germany
1316. Saudi Arabia is an example of a country C. North Korea
that has successfully employed the interna- D. Canada
tional trade alternative primarily because
of 1321. outsourcing
A. consumer spending
B. their petroleum reserves
C. regional cooperation
D. social customs

1317. Countries export goods and services A. or value of goods or services produced
that they can produce at relative lower by one person by a company in another
costs than any other country is referred country.
to as- B. or value of goods or services produced
A. comparative advantage by one mom by a company in another coun-
try.
B. absolute advantage
C. or value of goods or services produced
C. competitive advantage by one country by a company in another
D. opportunity cost country.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 141

D. or value of goods or services produced 1326. Tertiary sector is in charge of

by one teenager by a company in another
A. Extracting the raw material.
country.

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B. Offering services.
1322. FURNITURE MANUFACTURING is an ex-
ample of which industry sector? C. Making the industrial transformation
A. Primary D. none of above
B. Secondary
1327. What is migration?
C. Tertiary
A. The movement of a person or groups
D. none of above from one territory to another
1323. One reason some companies choose to B. The movement of goods and services
participate in this practice is the- between countries
C. The movement of capital and commodi-
ties

A. lack of essential services D. The movement of laborers from under-

privileged communities
B. opportunity to lower production costs
C. need to establish labor unions 1328. Trading food for clothes is an example
D. support for new technologies of
A. Free Market
1324. Increasing interdependence of nations
and peoples across the globe. B. Capitalism
A. Infrastructure C. Free Enterprise
B. Globalization D. Bartering
C. Interdependence
1329. Choose the statement that best de-
D. Specialization
scribes a mixed economy
1325. According to this graph, which region is A. An economy that has little government
the largest producer of cocoa? intervention in the allocation of resources
& distribution of goods/services
B. A blended economy of a free mar-
ket and a planned economy. Individuals,
firms and governments all owns factors
of production and distribute goods/ ser-
vices.
C. An economy that has no government
intervention in the allocation of resources
A. South America
& distribution of goods/services
B. Central America
D. An economy that has full government
C. West Africa intervention in the allocation of resources
D. Southeast Asia & distribution of goods/services

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 142

1330. What are indicators of standard of liv- 1334. What are goods?
ing and quality of life? A. Physical objects we use throughout
A. Favorite color, shoe size, hair length the course of a day
B. Number of pets, favorite food, pre- B. Activities provided for us by other peo-
ferred vacation destination ple

C. Social media followers, number of C. The process by which goods and ser-
video games owned, favorite movie genre vices are produced, distributed, and con-

NARAYAN CHANGDER
sumed
D. Population growth rate (natural in-
D. The value of goods and services pro-
crease), population age distribution, and
duced within a country in a year
life expectancy
1335. Which of the following social indicators
1331. An example of a product made by a bulk- does not exhibit a steady trend of MDCs
reducing industry is: vs. LDCs?
A. total fertility rate
B. representation of women in govern-
ment
C. literacy rate
D. infant mortality rate
E. GDP per capita
A. potato chips. Explanation:The country with the highest
B. milk. representation rate of women in govern-
ment is an LDC-Rwanda (60%), while a
C. automobiles. country like Qatar, an MDC, has a percent-
D. homes. age of 0%.
E. textiles. 1336. Which statement would be true about a
country with a large number of people en-
1332. What type of economic activity do teach- gaged in quaternary activities?
ers perform?
A. Most people are engaged in subsis-
A. secondary tence agriculture
B. tertiary B. It has a high level of infant mortality
C. primary C. It has a low level of literacy
D. quaternary D. Many occupations involve information
processing and management
1333. Choose the city that is best described as
1337. This sector of the economy includes ma-
an oasis site.
jor universities and research institutions.
A. Cape Town, South Africa A. Primary
B. Istanbul, Turkey B. Secondary
C. Damascus, Syria C. Quaternary
D. London, England D. Quinary

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 143

1338. What type of source is this? A website 1343. One of the greatest problems in utilizing
that summarizes Ancient Roman mythol- solar energy is
ogy

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A. aesthetics
A. Primary B. location
B. Secondary C. lack of sunlight
Explanation:Most websites are secondary
resources. D. climate

1339. A teacher belongs to 1344. Industries that are set up at a break-of-

bulk point where cargo is transferred from
A. Secondary sector one mode of transportation to another.
B. Tertiary sector A. Heavy industry
C. Primary sector B. Market-orientated industry
D. none of above C. Bridge industry
1340. Tertiary sector activities D. Footloose industry

1345. What does EU stand for?

A. European Union
B. European Underachievers

1346. Social or cultural factors for tourism in-

clude all but
A. Improve the local quality of life
A. Mining and construction B. Protect living cultural heritage and tra-
ditions
B. Business and agriculture
C. Help people get together and get on
C. Technology and industry
with each other-a common goal
D. Tourism and healthcare
D. Generating revenue
1341. Many Jewish people left Russia in 1882
1347. What term best describes useful sub-
because of hatred toward them.
stances found in and extracted from the
A. Push earth?
B. Pull A. Composite resources
1342. Which type of economic integration is B. Natural resources
this:Trade barriers are removed between C. Supernatural resources
member countries, and members agree D. Synthetic resources
to trade with nonmember countries simi-
larly? 1348. Farming for yourself and your family
A. Custom Union A. Small-scale
B. Free trade area B. Subsistence
C. Common Market C. Commercial
D. Economic Union D. none of above

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 144

1349. The private or corporate ownership of

capital goods is
A. socialism
B. capitalism
C. communism
D. none of above

NARAYAN CHANGDER
1350. What is a planned economy?
A. The government controls the means of
production and distribution
B. Prices and availability are determined
by supply and demand A. Absolute Monarchy
C. Prices and availability are determined B. Constitutional Monarchy
by the government
C. Traditional Monarchy
D. The government plays little to no role
in regulating the economy D. Dictatorship

1351. World trade builds connections through 1355. Why do more developed countries put
A. globalization. so much value in postindustrial activities?

B. privatization. A. Foreign trades have decreased in re-

cent years
C. working.
B. More need for services
D. labor.
C. Strong potential to multiply into more
1352. This sector of the economy adds value jobs
to natural resources by transforming raw
D. Agriculture is a dying industry
materials into valuable products.
A. Primary 1356. Which of the following is an example of
a consumer? Select ALL that apply
B. Secondary
A. a teacher
C. Tertiary
D. Quaternary B. a scientist
C. someone in a movie theatre seeing a
1353. Which of these is a primary economic ac- movie
tivity?
D. a person buying sushi
A. tourism
B. healthcare 1357. Something people desire but do not need
for survival
C. farming
A. want
D. construction
B. need
1354. A government where the king, queen,
or monarch’s power is limited by a bill of C. capital
rights. D. labor

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 145

1358. Based on HDI, is the top country in B. secondary

the world. C. tertiary

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A. the United States D. primary
B. Canada
1364. Which type of economy would you be
C. Norway most likely to find freedom?
D. the United Kingdom A. Market Economy
1359. HDI Measures to determine develop- B. Command Economy
ment C. Traditional Economy
A. Cultural and Economic Indicators D. none of above
B. Economic and Political indicators
1365. Deindustrialization has had a dramatic
C. Numbers and Equations impact on which of the following regions
D. Social and Cultural Indicators of the US?
A. The lower MIssissippy valley
1360. A coal miner would be a part of which
sector of the economy? B. The Great Lakes
A. Primary sector C. The Great Plains
B. Secondary sector D. The Pacific Northwest
C. Teritary sector 1366. Which characteristic of developed coun-
D. None of the above tries is influenced by improved healthcare
programs?
1361. Which is a resource that allows nations
A. literacy rate
to develop a high per-capita Gross Domes-
tic Product (GOP)? B. life expectancy
A. State-owned farms C. gdp
B. Humanitarian aid D. none of above
C. Skilled workforce 1367. The world’s most important alloy is
D. Governmental restrictions A. Platinum
1362. This type of economy depends on supply B. Titanium
and demand and consumers freely choose C. Aluminum
what buy and sell. D. Steel
A. Mixed Economy
1368. Which of the following is NOT a disad-
B. Market Economy vantage of economic unions?
C. Command Economy A. less restricted access to natural, hu-
D. Traditional Economy man, and capital resources.

1363. what level of economic activity is ba- B. concentration of some industries in

sic, necessary activities such as agricul- certain countries
ture, fishing, and mining C. closing of some industries
A. high D. agribusiness replacing family farms

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 146

1369. People freely produce and buy what 1374. Which river runs through the Amazon
they want. Rainforest?
A. Socialist (Mixed) Economy A. Amazon River
B. Free Enterprise (Capitalist/Free Mar- B. Yangtze River
ket) Economy
C. Mississippi River
C. Communist (Command) Economy
D. Nile River
D. Traditional Economy

NARAYAN CHANGDER
1370. Which of the following is an example of 1375. Harsh climates in Siberia cause a chal-
a footloose industry? lenge to developing natural resources and
hinder
A. diamonds
B. computer chips A. agricultural production

C. winery B. building economic infrastructures

D. hotels.com C. establishment of large cities

1371. Which resource is known as “black D. output quotas

gold”?
1376. What is the definition of a service?
A. Oil
A. anything that can be produced or
B. Coal
grown
C. Bauxite
B. something that someone does for
D. Sedimentary rock someone else in exchange for money
1372. Economy can be defined as C. something you like
A. A system for producing and distribut- D. an expert in something
ing goods, and services to fulfill people’s
wants 1377. Which industry is when businesses take
B. The social science that studies how raw materials and change them into useful
people interact with value forms.
C. Economic system in which individuals A. Primary industry
and businesses are allowed to compete
B. Secondary industry
for profit with a minimum of government
interference C. Tertiary industry
D. none of above D. none of above
1373. The more developed a country the
1378. Which industry is considered the back-
greater scale of economic activity it will
bone of the Russian economy?
be involved in.
A. Industry
A. economic activity
B. economic B. Service
C. spatial distribution C. Agriculture
D. economic factor D. none of above

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 147

1379. Is a system of resource management in A. Because Coca Cola is a Bluk Reducing

which the government supports and regu- Industry
lates enterprise thought decisions that af-

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B. Because Coca Cola is a Bulk Gaining In-
fect the marketplace.
dustry
A. Free Enterprise
C. Because Coca Cola is a Footloose in-
B. Capitalism dustry
C. Mixed Economy D. Because Coca Cola is a Basic Industry
D. Command Economy
1384. The 0-1 measurement of overall devel-
1380. Which economic sector this activity be- opment of a population is the
longs to?
A. Gini Coefficient
B. Human Development Index
C. Gender Inequality Index
D. Overall Infant Development

1385. What is one disadvantage of socio-

cultural impact of tourism?
A. Primary
A. Preservation of local customs and her-
B. Tertiary itage
C. Secondary B. Dilution of local customs and heritage
D. Construction C. Seasonal unemployment
1381. The European Union has most benefited D. Underuse of facilities at certain times
its member nations by of the year
A. reducing barriers to trade and travel
1386. A form of mass production in which each
B. sharing expense of a common defense worker is assigned one specific task to pre-
C. promoting the use of a common lan- form repeatedly
guage A. Cottage industry
D. providing funds and materials for edu- B. Footloose economic activity
cation
C. Post-industrialism
1382. Mass production led to:
D. Fordist Production
A. Products being more superior in qual-
ity 1387. (See textbook slides) What percentage
B. goods became less expensive of India’s GDP does the agricultural sector
contribute?
C. laborers received higher wages
A. In the range of 10-15%
D. industries moved to rural areas
B. In the range of 15-20%
1383. Why does Coca-Cola have bottling
C. Below 10%
plants all over the world and not just one
major plant? D. Over 20%

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 148

1388. What are services? A. Capitalism

A. Activities provided for us by other peo- B. Communism
ple
B. Physical objects we use throughout 1392. Everyone should receive basic services
the course of a day from the government for low costs or free.
C. The process by which goods and ser- Privately produced items will be bought if
vices are produced, distributed, and con- a consumer can afford it.This describes a
sumed economy.

NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. The value of goods and services pro- A. market
duced within a country in a year
B. socialist
1389. In early days of industrialisation, coal-
C. traditional
fields were the most important factor in
determining location because: D. mixed
A. transportation cost were higher taking
the goods to the market 1393. System where businesses freely com-
B. availability of labour near coalfields pete in the marketplace for buyers with
little interference from the government.
C. transportation cost were higher taking
the raw materials to a business A. Capitalism
D. none of the above B. Socialism
1390. Countries in this level of economic devel-
opment have most of their people living in 1394. Japan is a highly industrial nation de-
rural areas. spite limited resources.
A. True
B. False

1395. In 2018, which country’s GDP by PPP

A. More Developed ranked first in the world?
B. Newly Industrialized A. China
C. Less Developed
B. America
D. none of above
C. Japan
1391. is another word for Market Econ-
omy. D. that

1396. Israeli refers to which ethnic group in

the Arab-Israeli conflict?
A. Muslims
B. Judas
C. Jews
D. Jordanians

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 149

1397. This is NOT part of the primary sector 1401. Which country specializes in a primary
of the economy economic activity?

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A. Jamaica
B. Belgium
A. Mining C. Chad
B. Forestry D. Liechtenstein
C. Retail 1402. Geographers divide economic activity
D. Fishing into sectors called:
A. public, primary and private
1398. Fill in the blank:“During the prosperous
Mughal empire, India was the largest B. primary, secondary and tertiary
center in international trade” C. private, public and secondary
A. Economy D. primary, tertiary and public
B. Finance 1403. The idea that resources are limited
C. Manufacture A. scarcity
D. Commerce B. supply

1399. Based on the picture, why do you think C. demand

Siberia poses a challenge to developing D. inflation
natural resources?
1404. Over time, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania
A. harsh climate transitioned from a center of security and
B. limited water defense to a
C. severe droughts A. trade center

D. hot climate B. religious center

C. service center
1400. Justin wants to open a business that
D. education center
sells underwear and his underwear is the
best in the world according to the New 1405. Targets generally have Best Buys, Sally
York Times. Justin is now the third richest Beauty Salons, Famous Footwear, JC
man in the world. Which economic system Penny, & Petsmarts near them. This is
is the country that Justin lives in? known as what?
A. In common A. Maquiladora Industries
B. Socialism B. Just-in-time planning
C. Free Market C. Agglomerations
D. Traditional D. Outsourcing

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 150

1406. If my government is selling me bread for 1410. India was once the world’s largest tex-
$5 a loaf, and I have no choice but to buy tile producer
that type of bread, I live in a economy. A. Correct
B. Sai

1411. What is a city’s regional/global connec-

tions called?
A. rural network

NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. situation
C. suburban network
A. Traditional
D. local network
B. Market
C. Command 1412. Which type of economic activity pro-
cesses and distributes information?
D. Mixed
A. Primary
1407. This type of economic activity can be B. Secondary
found near the consumer.
C. Tertiary
A. Primary Sector
D. Quaternary
B. Secondary Sector
1413. What type of economy does the USA
C. Tertiary Sector
have?
D. Quaternary Sector
A. Mixed
1408. An example of a city’s situation would B. Market
be- C. Command
A. Novosibirsk and Vladivostok on the D. Traditional
Trans-Siberian Railroad
B. Capetown, South Africa as a supply 1414. What are some examples of pull factors
station for ships in cultural migration?
A. War, social unrest, and corruption
C. Singapore; Samarkand, Uzbekistan;
Xi’an, China; Timbuktu, Mali grew up B. Racial discrimination and bad educa-
along trade routes tional system
D. All of these C. Equal respect for religion and pres-
ence of family and friends
1409. The main activities in secondary sector
D. Good climate
are
A. Industry and education 1415. Heavy chemical industry is classified as:
B. Industry, handricrafts and construc- A. Base industry
tion B. Equipment industry
C. Construction and agriculture C. Intermediate goods industry
D. Education and handicrafts D. Consumer goods industry

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 151

1416. What is the Human Development Index 1420. United States is an example of a(n)
(HDI)?
A. Newly industrialized country

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A. Composite data measuring social and
B. Industrializing country
economic development, reflecting quality
of life C. More developed country
B. The value of goods and services, using D. Less developed country
current prices and ignoring inflation
1421. As developing nations industrialize and
C. The value of goods and services, ad- make use of capital resources, new chal-
justed for the impact of inflation lenges to the supply of the world’s natural
D. The division of the GDP by the popula- resources will no doubt appear because
tion of the country A. the newly developed countries will in-
dustrially overtake the existing developed
1417. What is the primary level of economic
countries.
activity?
B. more developed countries do not want
A. dealing directly with resources
developing countries to become more eco-
B. manufacturing and processing nomically independent.
C. services (transportation, retail) C. the rate of depletion will increase as
D. information technology developing countries begin to use more
natural resources.
1418. The skills, level of education, and man- D. the countries that rely on the trade
agerial capabilities are directly related to of certain natural resources will resent
what type of resource? the potential competition from other coun-
tries.

1422. “From each according to his abilities, to

each according to his needs.”-Karl Marx
Which type of economy does this quote
BEST associate with?
A. Market Economy
A. Renewable B. Command Economy
B. Human C. Traditional Economy
C. Capital D. none of above
D. Non-renewable
1423. Which of the following things is NOT
1419. Which of the following countries is part real capital (example:restaurant busi-
of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)? ness)?
A. Armenia A. delivery car
B. Tajikistan B. loan
C. Georgia C. the building of the restaurant
D. Azerbaijan D. cooking equipment

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 152

1424. Economic Sectors:A fisherman is an ex- A. experiences a natural disaster.

ample of
B. does not have a large enough labor
A. Primary Sector force.
B. Secondary Sector C. is saturated with businesses offering
C. Tertiary Sector similar goods/services.
D. Quarternary Sector D. sees an increase in large firms moving
E. Quinary Sector in.

NARAYAN CHANGDER
E. experiences a rapid loss of manufac-
1425. According to Rostow’s stages of devel-
turing activity.
opment, which of the followingis true?
A. All countries will eventually pass 1428. Money is an example of a
through each of the five stages of eco-
nomic development. A. capital resource

B. The colonial legacy will impede a coun- B. labor resource

try’s economic growth C. natural resource
C. Foreign investment is a necessary pre- D. nonrenewable resource
condition for economic development in
the second stage 1429. A Megalopolis is when several
D. Countries might not pass through each metropolitan areas grow together.
of the stages in a linearmanner.
A. True
E. Deindustrialization is accounted for in
the fifth and final stage. B. False
Explanation:Rostow’s stages of develop-
1430. Which are true of the distribution of re-
ment assume that all countries will even-
sources?
tually passthrough each of the fi ve stages
of economic development in a linear man- A. Resources are not equally distributed
ner.
B. No country has all of the resources it
1426. Import means needs to survive and grow.
A. buying goods from another country C. Economic activities are influenced by
B. selling goods to another country the availability of resources

C. only making one kind of product D. All of these

D. none of above 1431. What is the Human Development In-
1427. Deglomeration occurs when a location: dex?
A. The health of an individual.
B. A set of statistics or numbers that rank
countries by their development.
C. The country a person lives in,
D. The number of preventable diseases in
a country.

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 153

1432. This organization has one currency and A. Cities began to shrink as factories
open borders which makes trade and drew the populous into rural areas.
travel extremely easy within the borders

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B. Bursts of public hysteria over public
A. NATO health and sanitization.
B. United Nations C. Suburbs began to spring up slowly.
C. OPEC D. An uptick in the minimum wage to en-
D. EU courage new members of the workplace.

1433. Why is there growth in income among 1436. The source of power in a theocracy is:
locals in the tourism industry? A. Religion
A. Tourists buy souvenirs for their friends B. Economics
back home.
C. The people
B. There is an overall increase in rev-
enue for the country when tourists spend D. The Queen
money and engage in the services pro-
1437. All of the following are common metals
vided by locals.
except
C. Large amounts of goods and ser-
A. copper
vices are imported to meet the needs of
tourists. B. iron
D. Tourists book international airline tick- C. aluminum
ets to fly to their destination. D. silver
1434. What caused people to move into cities
1438. The crime rate in New York city is one
during the early 1900s?
of the highest in the nation.

A. push factor
A. Farm work became more difficult.
B. pull factor
B. There was steady employment in fac-
tories. 1439. is the study of how individuals,
businesses, and nations make things, buy
C. Transportation became more expen-
things, spend money and save money.
sive.
A. Economics
D. American farmers could not compete
with exports. B. Politics
C. Demography
1435. Which of the following resulted in the
Industrial Revolution’s rapid expansion? D. Cartography

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 154

1440. A type of government that is ran by rep- 1445. Which of the following is the main effect
resentatives of the people is called a of industrialization?
A. Monarchy A. urbanization
B. Democracy B. people depend on traditional economic
activities
C. Oligarchy
C. building of factories decline
D. Dictatorship
D. cities stop growing

NARAYAN CHANGDER
1441. In Middle Income countries you see a
1446. Involve gathering raw materials such as
shift from rural life to urban life.
timber for immediate use or to use in the
A. True making of a final product
B. False A. secondary activities
B. primary activities
1442. Capital refers to
C. tertiary activities
A. The “gifts of nature” or natural re-
sources not created by human effort. D. quaternary activities
B. people with all their efforts and abili- 1447. Fishing, farming, forestry and mining
ties are considered what level of economic ac-
C. Any wealth or man-made resource tivity?
that is used to produce or provide A. Primary
goods/services.
B. Secondary
D. individuals who start a new business C. Environmental
or bring a product to market.
D. Tertiary
1443. Government provides low-cost or no-
cost public services such as child care, 1448. is what happens when good and ser-
health care, primary and secondary educa- vices are bought and sold.
tion, and college education.
A. Socialist (Mixed) Economy
B. Free Enterprise (Free Mar-
ket/Capitalist) Economy
C. Communist (Command) Economy
D. Traditional Economy

1444. Which factor does NOT influence eco- A. human resource

nomic activity? B. capital resource
A. Population distribution C. economy
B. Access to resources D. trade
C. Location and ability to exchange goods
1449. Which of the following is the correct
D. Membership in alliances grouping of levels of development?

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 155

A. 67%
B. 70%

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C. 72%
D. 74%
A. less developed-Angola, Thailand;
newly industrialized-Brazil, Aus- 1453. Which type of economy is based on tra-
tralia; more developed-United States, ditions and beliefs?
Afghanistan A. Command
B. more developed-Australia, Angola; B. Market
newly industrialized-Thailand, United
C. Traditional
States; more developed-Afghanistan,
Brazil D. Mixed
C. less developed-Angola, Afghanistan; 1454. Is a system in which tradition habits and
newly industrialized-Brazil, Thailand; customs control all economic activity; ex-
more developed-United States, Australia ists in only a few parts of the world to-
D. more developed-United States, day.
Australia; newly industrialized-Brazil, A. Traditional Economy System
Afghanistan; less developed-Angola, Thai-
land B. Market Economy System
C. Free Enterprise
1450. average amount of money earned by
each person in a political unit D. Capitalism
A. per capita income 1455. An oligarchy is ruled by a king or queen:
B. GNP A. True
C. GDP B. False
D. economic system
1456. a country which, according to the United
1451. Which TWO (2) of the following were Nations, exhibits the lowest indicators of
big changed brought about by the Indus- socioeconomic development.
trial Revolution? A. less developed country
A. Goods were produced more sustain- B. newly industrialized country
ably
C. more developed country
B. Goods could be manufactured quicker
D. command country
C. Cars shifted from running on fossil fu-
els to electricity 1457. A country in the first stage of Rostow’s
D. Literacy was no longer a priority in the model will have jobs mostly in which sec-
hiring process tor of the economy?

E. It was now cheaper to produce con- A. Primary

sumer goods B. Secondary

1452. The percentage of employed people in C. Tertiary

the tertiary sector in Spain is: D. Quaternary

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 156

E. Quinary D. capitalism
Explanation:Subsistence farming is the
main labor characteristic of the “tradi- 1463. Which sector of economy would you find
tional society” stage of Rostow’s Model. this job:airline pilot

1458. Example of a Primary Economic Activity A. Primary Sector

A. Farming B. Secondary Sector

B. Accounting C. Tertiary Sector

NARAYAN CHANGDER
C. Surgery D. Quaternary Sector
D. Teaching 1464. Which of the following functions of a
1459. Which is most responsible for deindus- city would be apparent by the presence of
trialization in highly developed countries? institutions such as courts and a city hall?
A. lack of investment money in developed A. education center
countries B. government administration
B. low wages in developing countries C. trade center
C. labor shortages in developing coun- D. religious center
tries
D. the shortage of raw materials in devel- 1465. Which of the following is NOT a charac-
oped countries teristic of a Market Economy?

1460. These productive resources are raw ma- A. Private Ownership

terials that come from nature or the earth B. Minimal Government
that people use to make goods.
C. Profit is the motive
A. Natural Resources
D. Complete government control
B. Human Resources
C. Capital Resources 1466. Which of the following terms refers to
when a business turns over much of the re-
D. none of above
sponsibility for production to independent
1461. The value of goods and services pro- suppliers?
duced within the boundaries of a country A. Fair trade
is its
B. Sustainability
A. gross domestic product
C. Outsourcing
B. balance of payment.
D. Right-to-work
C. gross national product
D. balance of trade. 1467. Communism and Socialism are most
closely associated with a economy
1462. When what is produced is decided by
what has always been produced. A. traditional
A. traditional economy B. market
B. market economy C. command
C. command economy D. mixed

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 157

1468. In “World’s System Analysis” which B. Secondary Sector

of the following would be considered a C. Tertiary Sector
“Semiperiphery” country that has great in-

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fluence on the world economy? D. Quaternary Sector
A. India 1474. Which of these is the BEST example of
B. Indonesia the term “outsourcing”?
C. Sudan A. low unemployment encourages high
immigration from poor countries
D. Japan
B. a car manufacturer in Michigan im-
1469. Which minerals are mined the most in ports parts from China
China?
C. an American bank hires workers in In-
A. Coal dia to staff its customer service phone line
B. Apatite D. a grass-cutting company in Ireland
C. Bauxite hires workers from Great Britain
D. Yellow 1475. An item that one can use or consume.
1470. Hydroelectric power is generated by: A. goods
A. coal power plants B. services
B. nuclear reactors C. needs
C. rivers and waterfalls D. wants
D. windmills. 1476. Newly industrialized countries are most
likely to participate in what type of eco-
1471. A system of government in which a
nomic activities?
small group holds power.
A. quaternary
A. Monarchy
B. tertiary
B. Oligarchy
C. primary
C. Theocracy
D. secondary
D. Democracy
1477. Definition:Arabic word for God
1472. Which of the following is an economic
system in which a central, governmental A. Prophet
authority decides how to use a country’s B. Islam
scarce resources?
C. Allah
A. Market economy
D. Qur’an
B. Command economy
C. Traditional economy 1478. India and a federation of 28 states and
8 union territories. Which of the follow-
D. Mixed economy ing groups of names includes 2 states of
1473. Manufacturing (factory jobs) are part of India?
the A. West Bengal and East Bengal
A. Primary sector B. Chhattisgarh and Chandigarh

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 158

C. Kerala and Haryana A. access to markets

D. Punjab and Puducherry B. access to raw materials
1479. What is the biggest disadvantage of so- C. break-of-bulk points
lar energy? D. site factors (such as labor costs)
A. Expensive initial setup cost 1484. Who is the current Prime Minister of
B. Limited energy storage capacity Britain?
C. Dependent on weather conditions

NARAYAN CHANGDER
A. David Cameron
D. cost, aesthetics B. Boris Johnson
1480. How might higher life expectancy (due C. Theresa May
to trends in medicines, social changes, D. Mike Pence
and other environmental factors) affect
an area’s demographic characteristics in 1485. Which type of economic integration is
terms of human population? this:Member countries remove trade bar-
riers between themselves (e.g. customs)
A. There will be more individuals en-
but are free to independently determine
gaged in farming.
trade policies with nonmember nations?
B. There will be more individuals per
A. Preferential trading area
household.
B. Economic Union
C. There will be fewer households in the
areas. C. Free trade area
D. There will be fewer individuals per D. Common Market
household.
1486. What does this diagram imply about the
1481. What type of economic system allows value of technological innovations?
the government to decide what to produce,
how to produce and for whom to produce?
A. Market
B. Mixed
C. Command
D. Traditional A. Innovations in land use increase the
need for mechanical equipment.
1482. Which of the following is considered a
non renewable resource? B. Innovations in agriculture eliminate
the need for hand tools.
A. Iron
B. Trees C. Innovations in technology increase
economic growth.
C. Soil
D. Innovations in education decrease un-
D. Water employment.
1483. Industrial areas outside North America 1487. What does GDP stand for?
and Europe have become increasingly im-
portant in recent years primarily because A. Great Domestic product
of B. Gross Democratic Product

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 159

C. Gross Domestic Product B. Quinary Sector

D. Great Democratic Product C. Secondary Sector

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1488. Maintaining control over all phases of D. Tertiary Sector
a highly complex production process is 1492. A country where most people work in
known as service or information industries and enjoy
A. vertical integration a high standard of living is a(n)
B. international division of labor A. more developed country.
C. outsourcing B. less developed country.
D. right-to-work C. industrializing country.
D. newly industrialized country.
1489. Renewable resources
A. can be taken from outer space. 1493. A sign that a country is becoming eco-
nomically developed is a
B. can not be made again.
A. move toward an authoritarian govern-
C. can be made again in a short period of
ment.
time.
B. move away from industry to a service
D. exist in our world.
economy.
1490. A government where people elect repre- C. move away from a dependence upon
sentatives to run the government. agriculture.
D. blending of different ethic groups.

1494. Which sector of the economy is con-

cerned with manufacturing raw materials
into useful products?
A. Primary sector
B. Secondary sector
A. Parliamentary Government System C. Tertiary sector
B. Democracy D. None of the above
C. Republic
1495. A Natural Resource comes from Earth.
D. Federation Which items are natural resources? Select
ALL that apply
1491. This image represents which economic
sector?

A. wood
A. Primary Sector B. plastic

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 160

C. bricks C. Trade
D. water D. Education
E. wind
1502. Which advantage best completes this di-
1496. Which of the following is NOT a trait of
agram?
a developing country?
A. low per capita income

NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. low literacy rate
C. high birthrate
D. low infant mortality rate
A. Limited foreign regulations
1497. the basic support system needed to
keep an economy going B. Reduced reliance on foreign trade
A. infrastructure C. Increased global influence
B. natural resources D. Similarity of government systems
C. Primary Activities
D. GDP 1503. Milling lumber into plywood is an exam-
ple of what economic activity?
1498. In a traditional economy all of the fol-
lowing apply except A. Primary
A. the government makes all the deci- B. Secondary
sions about the economy
C. Tertiary
B. people make goods for themselves
D. Quaternary
C. there is little exchange of goods
D. there are few markets
1504. One factor that influenced the growth
1499. True or False:India’s Independence Day of many early cities was proximity to nav-
is a day in September igable water sources.
A. Correct A. True
B. Sai B. False
1500. A rural area turning into a city or town
and continuing to develop overtime 1505. Identify all the factors that hinder agri-
culture with South Africa.
A. Suburban Sprawl
B. Globalization A. Only 7% of land is arable

C. Rural Sprawl B. Insufficient rain

D. Urbanization C. Unreliable rainfall
1501. This is NOT part of the tertiary sector D. Long growing season (200 frost-free
A. Transport days)
B. Construction E. Bad farming practices

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1.1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY 161

1506. This image represents which economic 1508. Countries that are are said to have
sector? a LOW STANDARD OF LIVING

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A. developing
B. newly industrialized
C. developed
D. republican

1509. Which of the following terms are the

three main considerations of Weber’s
A. Tertiary Sector Least Cost Theory?
B. Secondary Sector A. Agglomeration, Land rent, and tax
C. Primary Sector rates
D. Quaternary Sector B. Transportation, land rent, and digital
infrastructure
1507. Which security is this:It represents the
debt of a company. When a company is- C. Transportation, labor cost, and ag-
sues this, it borrows money from people glomeration
to use the money to invest in its opera- D. Labor costs, land rent, and agglomera-
tions. tion
A. Bond 1510. True or False:In 1700, India’s level of
B. Stock urbanization was higher than Europe’s
C. Share A. Correct
D. Government paper/bond B. Sai

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