EMPOWERMENT

TECHNOLOGIES
(Self-Learning Module)
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EMPOWERMENT TECHNOLOGIES

Module Title: Empowerment Technologies (For All Strand)

Grade: 11

Topic Title: INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES Part 1

Learning Outcomes:

At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to;

 Improve their knowledge on how ICT affects their everyday lives and the state of our nation;
 Compare and contrast the differences between online platforms, sites, and content;
 Understand the Web 1.0.
Introduction

As the popular saying, “Love makes the world go round”. But before you start looking for someone to fall
in love with, you could argue how the internet has made the world go round for decades. Likewise, in the motivation
activity, the internet has probably made your world go round. In this lesson, we will understand how information
and communication technologies have improved our lives in such a short period of time.

Lesson Discussion

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) deals with the use of different communication
technologies such as mobile phones, telephone, internet, etc. to locate, save, send, and edit information.

When we make a video call, we use the internet. When we send a text or make a call, we use cellular
networks. When we run out of load or battery, we use payphones which use a telephone network. Having a unified
way to communicate is one of the goals of ICT. In terms of economics, ICT has saved companies a lot of resources
(time and money) with the kind of communication technology they use, nowadays. In a similar way, we spend less
because of ICT. As it normally costs us a peso to send a text message or SMS, with the internet, we can send
multiple messages and only be charged by a fraction.

ICT IN THE PHILIPPINES

Several international companies dub the Philippines as the “ICT Hub of Asia”. It is no secret that there is a
huge growth of ICT-related jobs around the country, one of which is the call center or BPO (Business Process
Outsourcing) centers.

According to the 2013 edition of Measuring the Information Society by the International
Telecommunication Union, there are 106.8 cellphones per 100 Filipinos in the year 2012. That would mean that for
every 100 Filipinos you meet, there is a high chance that they have a cellphone and approximately for the seven of
them, they have two.

In a data gathered by the Annual Survey of Philippine Business and Industries, NSO, in 2010, the ICT
industry shares 19.3% of the total employment population here in the Philippines.

To add to these statistics, Time Magazine’s “The Selfiest Cities around the World” of 2013 places two
cities from the Philippines in the Top 1 and Top 10 spots. The study was conducted using Instagram, a popular
photo sharing application.

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WEB 1.0

When the World Wide Web was invented, most web pages were Static. Static (also known as flat page or
stationary page) in the sense that the page is “as is” and cannot be manipulated by the user. The content is also the
same for all users. This is referred to as Web 1.0.

Example of Web 1.0:

References

Abejo, Patricia May. 2013. “The Philippine ICT industry: Contributions to Inclusive Growth”. The Philippine ICT
Industry: n.pag. Web.

Module Title: Empowerment Technologies (For All Strand)

Grade: 11

Topic Title: INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES Part 2

Learning Outcomes:

At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to;

 Understand the features of Web 2.0; and

 Understand the future of the World Wide Web through Web 3.0
Introduction

The Internet has been a vital tool to our modern lives that is why it is also important to make the best of the
internet. However, the WWW (World Wide Web) is more than just static web pages. Pretty soon, Web 2.0 came to
the picture.

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Lesson Discussion

WEB 2.0: DYNAMIC WEB PAGES

Web 2.0 is a term coined by Darcy DiNucci on January 1999. In her article titled, “Fragmented Future” she
wrote: “The Web we know now, which loads intox a browser window in essentially static screenfuls, is only an
embryo of the Web to come. The first glimmerings of Web 2.0 are beginning to appear, and we are just starting to
see how that embryo might develop”.

Web 2.0 is the evolution of Web 1.0 by adding dynamic web pages – the user is able to see a website
differently than others. Examples of Web 2.0 include social networking sites, blogs, wikis, video sharing sites,
hosted services, and web applications. Web 2.0 allows users to interact with the page: instead of just reading a page,
the user may be able to comment or create a user account. Web 2.0 also allows users to use web browsers, instead of
just using their Operating System (OS). Browsers can now be used for their user interface, application software (or
web applications), and even for file storage. Most websites that we visit today are Web 2.0.

FEATURES OF WEB 2.0

The key features of Web 2.0 include:

1. Folksonomy – allows users to categorize and classify/arrange information using freely chosen keywords
(e.g., tagging). Popular social networking sites such as Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, etc. use tags that start
with the pound sign (#). This is also referred to as hashtag.
2. Rich User Experience – content is dynamic and is responsive to user’s input. An example would be a
website that shows local content. In the case of social networking sites, when logged on, your account is
used to modify what you see in their website.
3. User Participation – the owner of the website is not only one who is able to put content. Others are able to
place a content of their own by means of comments, reviews, and evaluation. Some websites allow readers
to comment on an article, participate in a poll, or review a specific product (e.g., Amazon.com, online
stores).
4. Long Tail – services that are offered on demand rather than on a one-time purchase. In certain cases, time-
based pricing is better than file size-based pricing or vice versa. This is synonymous to subscribing to a
data plan that charges you for the amount of time you spent in the internet, or a data plan that charges you
for the amount of bandwidth you used.
5. Software as a Service – users will subscribe to a software only when needed rather than purchasing them.
This is a cheaper option if you do not always need to use a software. For instance, Google Docs is a free
web-based application that allows the user to create and edit word processing and spreadsheet documents
online. When you need a software, like a Word processor, you can purchase it for a one-time huge amount
and install it in your computer and it is yours forever Software as a service allows you to “rent” a software
for a minimal fee.
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6. Mass Participation – diverse information sharing through universal web access. Since most users can use
the Internet, Web 2.0’s content is based on people from various cultures.

WEB 3.0 AND THE SEMANTIC WEB

The Semantic Web is a movement led by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The W3C standard
encourages web developers to include semantic content in their web pages. The term was coined by the inventor of
the World Wide Web, Tim Berners-Lee. Lee also noted that the Semantic Web is a component for Web 3.0.
According to the W3C, “The Semantic Web provides a common framework that allows data to be shared and reused
across application, enterprise and community boundaries”. The aim of Web 3.0 is to have machines (or servers)
understand the user’s preferences to be able to deliver web content specifically targeting the user. For example,
when doing a web search in web 2.0, the topmost result is based on the preference of several users who already
searched for the item. Though there are instances wherein several preferences are considered like geographic
location, Web 3.0 aims to do better. This is through studying personal preferences of an individual user and showing
results based on those preferences.

Web 3.0 is yet to be fully realized because of several problems:

1. Compatibility – HTML (Hypertext Mark-up Language) files and current web browsers could not support
Web 3.0.
2. Security – The user’s security is also in question since the machine is saving his or her preferences.
3. Vastness – The World Wide Web already contains billions of web pages.
4. Vagueness – Certain words are imprecise. The words “old” and “small” would depend on the user.
5. Logic – Since machines use logic, there are certain limitations for a computer to be able to predict what the
user is referring to at a given time.

References

Abejo, Patricia May. 2013. “The Philippine ICT industry: Contributions to Inclusive Growth”. The Philippine ICT
Industry: n.pag. Web.

Strickland, Jonathan. “How Web 3.0 Will Work”. HowStuffWorks. n. d. Web.22 June 2015

Module Title: Empowerment Technologies (For All Strand)

Grade: 11

Topic Title: INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES Part 3

Learning Outcomes:

At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to;

 Learn the different trends in ICT and use them to their advantage.
Introduction

As the world of ICT continues to grow, the industry has focused on several innovations. These innovations
cater to the needs of the people that benefit most out of ICT. Whether it is for business or personal use, these trends
are the current front runners in the innovation of ICT.

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Lesson Discussion

TRENDS IN ICT

1. Convergence – technological convergence is the synergy of technological advancements to work on a

similar goal or task. For example, besides using your personal computer to create word documents, you can
now use your smartphone. It can also use cloud technologies to sync files from one device to another while
also using LTE (Long-Term Evolution) technology which means you can access your files anytime,
anywhere.
2. Social Media – is a website, application, or online channel that enables web users to create, co-create,
discuss, modify, and exchange user-generated content. According to Nielsen, a global information and
measurement company, Internet users spend more time in social media sites than in any other type of site.
There are Six (6) Types of Social Media:
a. Social Networks – these are sites that allow you to connect with other people with the same interests or
background. Once a user creates his or her account, he or she can set up a profile, add people, create
groups, and share content.
Examples: Facebook and Google+
b. Bookmarking Sites – these are sites that allow you to store and manage links to various websites and
resources. Most of these sites allow you to create a tag that allows you and others to easily search or share
them.
Examples: Stumble Upon and Pinterest
c. Social News – these are sites that allow users to post their own new items or links to other news sources.
The user can also comment on the post and comments may also be ranked.
Examples: Reddit and Digg
d. Media Sharing – these are sites that allow you to upload and share media content like images, music, and
video. Most of these sites have additional social features like liking, commenting, and having user profiles.
Examples: Flicker, YouTube, and Instagram.
e. Microblogging – these are sites that focus on short updates from the user. Those subscribed to the user will
be able to receive these updates.
Examples: Twitter and Plurk
f. Blogs and Forums – these websites allow users to post their content. Other users are able to comment on
the said topic. There are several free blogging platforms like blogger, WordPress, and Tumblr.
3. Mobile Technologies – the popularity of smartphones and tablets has taken a major rise over the years.
Today, the latest mobile devices use 4G Networking (LTE), which is currently the fastest mobile network.
a. IOS – used in Apple devices such as the iPhone and iPad
b. Android – an open source operating system developed by Google. Being open source means several mobile
phone companies use this OS for free.
c. Blackberry OS – used in blackberry devices.
d. Windows Phone OS – a closed source and proprietary operating system developed by Microsoft.
e. Symbian – the original smartphone OS; used by Nokia devices.
f. Web OS – originally used for smartphones; now used for smart TVs
g. Windows Mobile – developed by Microsoft for smartphones and pocket PCs
4. Assistive Media – is a nonprofit service designed to help people who have visual and reading impairments.
A database of audio recordings is used to read to the user. You may visit http://www.assistivemedia.org/ for
several of their audio recording.

References

Grahl, Tim. “the 6 Types of Social Media”. Web log post. Common Insights, n.d. Web. 22 June 2015

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Module Title: Empowerment Technologies (For All Strand)

Grade: 11

Topic Title: RULES OF NETIQUETTE

Learning Outcomes:

At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to;

 Consider one’s and others’ safety when sharing information using the internet;
 Consider one’s and others’ reputation when using the Internet;
 Determine and avoid the dangers of the internet;
 Be responsible in the use of social networking sites; and
 Browse the internet efficiently and properly through proper referencing.
Introduction

How many hours do you spend on the Internet per day? Can you live without the Internet for a week? How
many aspects of your life depend on the Internet? How many times have you complained about your Internet
connection speed?

As teenagers, you are all exposed to many things powered by the internet. Whether it is socializing, playing
games, reading sports news, shopping, etc., the internet has given you one of the most powerful tools that your
parents, during their teenage years, did not have. Because of this, do you not think that it is also important to wield
this powerful tool properly? Without proper training, a swordsman can easily injure himself when wielding a sword;
the same could be said for you whenever you use the Internet.

Lesson Discussion

ONLINE SAFETY AND SECURITY

The internet, truly, is a powerful tool. It can be used to promote your business, gain new friends, and stay in
touch with the old ones. The internet is one of the most dangerous places, especially if you do not know what you
are doing with it.

TIPS TO STAY SAFE ONLINE

The internet is a public place and it is up to you to protect yourself. Here are some tips to help you stay safe
when using the internet.

1. Be mindful of what you share online and what site you share it to.
2. Do not just accept terms and conditions; read it.
3. Check out the privacy policy page of a website to learn how the website handles the information you share.
4. Know the security features of the social networking site you use. By keeping your profile private, search
engines will not be able to scan your profile.
5. Do not share your password with anyone.
6. Avoid logging in to public networks/Wi-Fi. Browsing in “incognito (or private) mode”, a feature of the
browser, will not protect you from hackers.
7. Do not talk to strangers whether online or face-to-face.
8. Never post anything about a future vacation. It is similar to posting, “Rob my house at this date”.
9. Add friends you know in real life.
10. Avoid visiting untrusted websites.

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11. Install and update an antivirus software on your computer. Use only one anti-virus software to avoid
conflicts.
12. If you have a Wi-Fi at home, make it a private network by adding a password.
13. Avoid downloading anything from untrusted websites. You are most vulnerable in peer-to-peer downloads
(torrents) as the download is most likely not monitored by the site owner.
14. Buy the software; do not use pirated ones.
15. Do not reply or click links from suspicious emails.

INTERNET THREATS

Here are some of the threats you should be aware of when using the Internet.

1. Malware – stands for malicious software; is any software intentionally deigned to cause damage to a
computer.
a. Virus – a malicious program deigned to replicate itself and transfer from one computer to another
either through the internet and local networks or data storage like flash drives and CDs.
b. Worm – a malicious program that transfers from one computer to another by any type of means. Often,
it uses a computer network to spread itself. For example, the ILOVEYOU worm (Love Bug Worm)
created by Filipino.
c. Trojan – a malicious program that is disguised as a useful program but once downloaded or installed,
leaves your PC unprotected and allows hackers to get your information.
Rogue Security Software – tricks the user into posing that it is a security software. It asks the user to pay to
improve his/her security but in reality, they are not protected at all.
d. Spyware – a program that runs in the background without you knowing it (thus called “spy”). It has the
ability to monitor what you are currently doing and typing through keylogging.
Key Loggers – used to record the keystroke done by the users. This is done to steal their password or any
other sensitive information. It can record email, messages, or any information you type using your
keyboard.
e. Adware – a program designed to send you advertisements, mostly as pop-ups.
2. Spam – unwanted email mostly from bots or advertisers. It can be used to send malware.
3. Phishing – its goal is to acquire sensitive personal information like passwords and credit card details. This
is done by sending you an email that will direct the user to visit a website and be asked to update his/her
username, password, credit card, or personal information.

Pharming – a more complicated way of phishing where it exploits the DNS (Domain Name Service) System.

PROTECTING REPUTATIONS ONLINE

 Think before you click.

 Copyright Infringement – if you create something – an idea, an invention, a form of literary work, or a
research, you have the right as to how it should be used by others. This is called Intellectual Property. In
other words, the copyright law includes your right over your work, and anyone who uses it without your
consent is punishable by law.

Here are Some tips that could help you avoid copyright infringement:

1. Understand – this means that you can express something using your own words, but you should give credit
to the source.
2. Be Responsible – be responsible enough to know if something has a copyright.
3. Be Creative – it is important to add your own creative genius in everything that will be credited to you.
4. Know the Law – if you have doubts that what you are doing does not fall under the policy of fair use, seek
permission first.

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Fair Use – means that an intellectual property may be used without consent as long as it is used in
commentaries, criticism, parodies, research, and etc.

ONLINE RESEARCH

Here are some tips in conducting online research:

1. Have a question in mind – focus on a question you want answered.

2. Narrow it down – Search Engines like Google, Bing, or Yahoo use several filters to determine the most
appropriate result for you. These search engines use your previous search history and your geographical
location, and send you the result which is the most related to you.
3. Advance Search – this will allow you to filter out information you do not need.
4. Look for credible Source – click the source of the information and see if it is credible.
5. Give Credit – if you are going to use the information from a source for educational purposes, give credit to
the original author of the page or information. To properly site a reference, you may use the format below.

Name of the Person or Organization (the Author of the information). Title of the Home Page in italics
(Title is shown in title bar but is sometimes missing or unrelated). URL. Date last Seen.

References

“How to Avoid Copyright Infringement”. WikiHow. N.p., n.d. Web 27 Sept. 2015. <
http://www.wikihow.com/Avoid-Copyright-Infringement >

Norman AS. “Top 10 Internet Threats”. Norman.com, n.d. Web. 22 June 2015.

Module Title: Empowerment Technologies (For All Strand)

Grade: 11

Topic Title: ADVANCED WORD PROCESSING SKILLS

Learning Outcomes:

At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to;

 Use some advanced capabilities of Microsoft Word commonly used to increase productivity and efficiency;
and
 Effectively use these features to help improve the productivity of an organization through maximizing the
potential of Microsoft Word;

Introduction

In the professional world, sending out information to convey important information is vital. Because
information and Communication Technology (ICT), things are now sent much faster than traditional newsletters or
postal mail. You can now use the internet to send out information you need to share. What if we could still do things

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much faster – an automated way of creating and sending uniform letters with different recipients? Would that not be
more convenient?

Lesson Discussion

WORD PROCESSOR

It is a type of application software that used to create all kinds of text documents. It can also be used to add
images, or charts in documents.

Advantage of Word Processor

 A document can be changed without retyping the entire document.

 If there is a typing mistake, it can be corrected easily.
 It is easy to insert work, sentence or paragraph in the middle of a document.
 The text can be duplicate easily without type it again
 A document can be saved for future use

MICROSOFT WORD

MS Word is a word processing program that provides the facilities for documentation. It can be used to
create and type letters, reports, newsletters, brochures, etc.

Parts of Word Interface

Ribbon – the menus and toolbars have been replaced with the ribbon. Each tab relates to a type of activity, such as
writing or laying out a page. Commands are organized in logical groups.

Title Bar – it is located at the very top of the screen. On the title bar, Microsoft Word displays the name of the file
you are currently using.

Rulers – the horizontal ruler can be used to set tab stops and indents or to adjust the width of columns. The
horizontal ruler or vertical ruler can also be used to change the page margins or place items on the page.

Scroll Bars – are used to move in the document. The browse buttons are used to move through a document in
different ways. The default setting is by page.

Status Bar – is a horizontal area at the bottom of the document window. It provides information about the current
state of the documents.

Working Area/Document Area – this is where you type your text. The insertion point represents the location where
your text will appear.

View Buttons – they display the buttons such as Print Layout, Full Screen Reading, Web Layout, outline, Draft.

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KINDS OF MATERIALS

There are various kinds of materials Microsoft Word is capable of integrating to make your documents
richer, more impressive and more informative.

1. Pictures – generally, these are electronic or digital pictures of photographs you have saved in any local
storage device. There are three commonly used types of picture files. You can identify them by the
extension on their file names.
a. .JPG this is pronounced as “jay-peg”, and is the short form for .jpeg of Joint Photographic Experts Group.
This type of image file can support 16.7 million colors that is why it is suitable for use when working with
full color photographic images.
b. .GIF this stands for Graphics Interchange Format. This type of image file is capable of displaying
transparencies. It is also capable of displaying simple animation. GIF is much better for logos, drawings,
small text, black and white images, or low-resolution files.
c. .PNG this is pronounced as “Ping”. It stands for Portable Network Graphics. GIFs, it does not support
animation but it can display up to about 16 million colors, so image quality for this image file type is also
remarkable improved.
2. Clip Art – this generally a .GIF type; line art drawings or images used as generic representation for ideas
and objects that you might want to integrate in your document.
3. Shapes – these are printable objects or materials that you can integrate in your documents to enhance its
appearance or to allow you to have some tools to use for composing and representing ideas or messages.
4. Smart Art – Generally, these are pre-defined sets of different shapes grouped together to form ideas that are
organizational or structural in nature.
5. Chart – another type of material that you can integrate in your Word document that allows you to represent
data characteristics and trends.
6. Screenshot – sometimes, creating reports or manuals for training or procedures will require the integration
of a more realistic image of what you are discussing on your report or manual.

IMAGE PLACEMENT

1. In Line with Text – this is the default setting for images that are inserted or integrated in your document. It
treats your image like a text font with the bottom side totally with the text line.
2. Square – this setting allows the image you inserted to be placed anywhere within the paragraph with the
text going around the image in a square pattern like a frame.
3. Tight – this is almost the same as the square setting. This allows you to get a more creative effect on your
document.
4. Through – this setting allows the text on your document to flow even tighter, taking the contours and shape
of the image. Again, this can be best used with a .GIF or .PNG type of image.
5. Top and Bottom – this setting pushes the texts away vertically to the top and/or the bottom of the image so
that the image occupies a whole text line.
6. Behind Text – this allows your image to be dragged and placed anywhere on your document but with all
the texts floating in front of it. It effectively makes your image look like a background.
7. In front of Text – this setting allows your image to be placed right on it.

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VIEWING THE DOCUMENT

1. Print Layout – this is a view of the document as it would appear when printed. It includes all tables, text,
graphics, and images.
2. Full Screen reading – this is a full view length view of a document. Good for viewing two pages at a time.
3. Web Layout – this is a view of the document as it would appear in a web browser.
4. Outline – this is an outline form of the document in the form of bullets.
5. Draft – this view does not display pictures or layouts, just text.

Assignment

Direction. Read and Practice the following Microsoft Word 2010 Shortcut Keys.

Microsoft Word Shortcut Keys

Ctrl + A Select all contents of the page Ctrl + J Justify paragraph alignment

Ctrl + B Bold highlighted selection Ctrl + L Align selected text or line to the left

Ctrl + C Copy selected text Ctrl + Q Align selected paragraph to the left

Ctrl + X Cut selected text Ctrl + E Align selected text or line to the center

Ctrl + N Open new/blank document Ctrl + R Align selected text or line to the right

Ctrl + O Open options Ctrl + M Indent the paragraph

Ctrl + P Open the print window Ctrl + T Hanging indent

Ctrl + F Open find box Ctrl + D Font options

Ctrl + I Italicize highlighted selection Ctrl + Shift + F Change the font

Ctrl + K Insert link Ctrl + Shift + > Increase selected font +1

Ctrl + U Underline highlighted selection Ctrl +] Increase selected font +1

Ctrl + V Paste Ctrl + Shift + < Decrease selected font -1

Ctrl + Y Redo the last action performed Ctrl + [ Decrease selected font -1

Ctrl + Z Undo last action Ctrl + Shift + * View or hide non printing characters

Ctrl + G Find and replace options Ctrl + f Move one word to the left

Ctrl + H Find and replace options Ctrl + g Move one word to the right

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Ctrl + h Move to beginning of the line or paragraph F1 Open help

Ctrl + I Move to the end of the paragraph Shift + F3 Change case of selected text

Ctrl + Del Delete word to right of cursor Shift + Insert Paste

Ctrl + Backspace Delete word to left of cursor F4 Repeat last action performed (Word 2000+)

Ctrl + End Move cursor to end of document F7 Spell check selected text and/or document

Ctrl + Home Move cursor to beginning of document Shift + F7 Activate the thesaurus

Ctrl + Space Reset highlighted text to default font F12 Save as

Ctrl + 1 Single-space lines Ctrl + S Save

Ctrl + 2 Double-space lines Shift + F12 Save

Ctrl + 5 1.5-line spacing Alt + Shift + D Insert the current date

Ctrl + Alt + 1 Change text to heading 1 Alt + Shift + T Insert the current time

Ctrl + Alt + 2 Change text to heading 2 Ctrl + W Close document

Ctrl + Alt + 3 Change text to heading 3

References

Bhutta, Muhammad Yasir: 2010; Microsoft Word

Innovative Training Works, Inc., 2016
Jemma Development Group, Fundamentals of Computers, c2009 Jemma, Inc.

Module Title: Empowerment Technologies (For All Strand)

Grade: 11

Topic Title: ADVANCED PRESENTATION SKILLS

Learning Outcomes:

At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to;

 Use hyperlinks to improve their slideshows;

 Embed files and data to their slideshows; and
 Maximize slideshows as an effective visual aid tool

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Introduction

There are plenty of tools you can use to present data. Whether it is scientific data, statistical, or a book
report, a presentation tool has you covered.

Designing your presentation is the fun part of creating a report for it gives you a chance to be creative.
Placing animations, transitions, and art could be on your mind right now. But whether or not these features would
help is generally up to you. Sometimes, these things could actually distract your audience rather than help you. Here
are some quick tips in creating an effective presentation.

Lesson Discussion

PRESENTATIONS

A presentation is a collection of data and information that is to be delivered to a specific audience.

MICROSOFT POWERPOINT

Microsoft PowerPoint is a presentation graphics program that allows you to create slide shows. PowerPoint
allows you to organize, summarize and format your materials, illustrate your presentation with images or Clip Art,
animation, graphics, and other multimedia.

With MS PowerPoint, you can do the following:

1. Use pre-designed templates to easily create presentations

2. Use multimedia tools
3. Add images, Clip Art, Sound and video clips
4. Add animation to text and objects
5. Add transition effects and color schemes
6. Add graphics, tables and diagrams
7. Create speaker notes, handouts and outlines
8. Create automatic slide shows and time rehearsals

CREATING AN EFFECTIVE PRESENTATION

1. Minimize – keep slide counts to a minimum to maintain a clear message and to keep the audience attentive.
2. Clarity – avoid fancy by using a font style that is easy to read.

Tip: A font size of 72 is about an inch (depends on the screen size). A one-inch letter is readable 10 feet away; a
two-inch letter is readable 20 feet away.

3. Simplicity – use bullets or short sentences. Limit the content to six lines and seven words per line. This is
known as the 6x7 rule.
4. Visuals – use graphics to help in your presentation but not too many to distract the audience. In addition,
instead of using a table of data, use charts and graphics.
5. Consistency – make your design uniform. Avoid having different font styles and backgrounds.
6. Contrast – use light font on dark background or vice versa.

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Parts of PowerPoint Interface

Office Button – it provides access to the only menu in Office 2007. When you click this button, it shows
the following menus: New, open, Save, Save As, Print, Prepare, Send, Publish and Close.

Quick Access Toolbar – it provides access to the most common word commands including Save, Undo,
Repeat, and Copy. You can customize, and or delete buttons on this toolbar.

Control Buttons – they maximize, minimize and restore the window display and close the open application.

Ribbon – it contains the commands organized in three components:

a. Tabs – represents the activities you perform and contain related groups.
b. Groups – organize related commands. Group name appears below the group ribbon.
c. Commands – appear within each group.

Outline and Slides Tab Pane – displays slides in the active presentation.

Notes Pane – allows you to create notes for yourself to help you in your presentation delivery.

Status Bar – displays the present application features and details.

View Button – shows the kind of view you want on your screen.

CREATING NEW PRESENTATION

 Click the Microsoft Office Button

 Click New
 Click Blank Presentation

KINDS OF VIEWS

1. Normal View – shows your slide as it will appear during your presentation. You can edit your slide from
this view.
2. Slide Sorter View – shows a miniature of each slide. You can rearrange or add transition.
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3. Slide Show View – shows the slide just like in the actual slide show.
4. Notes Page View – allows the speaker to add notes.
5. Outline Tab – located on the Outline and slides pane shows the text of your slides in a large amount outline
format.
6. Slides Tab – located on the outline and slides pane is like the normal view where you can edit, rearrange,
add or remove slides.
7. Zoom – allows you to increase or reduce the view of the slide.
8. Print Preview – shows how the presentation will look on printed paper.
9. Minimize – reduces the presentation to a button size icon at the bottom of the window.
10. Restore – shows the presentation in a reduced view that allows you to move the worksheet by clicking and
dragging the pointer and resize the worksheet by dragging the resizing arrows.

PowerPoint provides Three Types of Movements:

 Entrance, emphasis, and exit of elements on a slide itself are controlled by what PowerPoint calls custom
animations.
 Transitions, on the other hand, are movements between slides. These can be animated in some variety
ways.
 Custom animation can be used to create small boards by animating pictures to enter, exit or move.

SLIDE ANIMATION

Slide Animation is a moving computer graphic effects which can be added to the text, object or entire slide
itself.

Animation Effects
Icon Function Effects
Animates the objects upon entrance Blinds, box, checker board,
diamond, fly in and more.
Animates the object selected Changes font, size, style,
grow/shrink, spin and more.
Animates the object upon exit Blinds, box, checker board,
diamond, fly out and more.
Animates the object in a specific Diagonal Down Right, diagonal up
movement right, down, left, up, right, draw
custom path.
SLIDE TRANSITION

Slide Transition is an animation effect applied on a slide as it changes to the next slide.

Adding Slide Transition

1. On the Slides pane select the slide you want to apply slide transition.
2. Click the Animations tab, go to the Transition to This Slide group and click the drop-down arrow.
3. From the drop-down gallery, choose the animation style you want to apply.
4. Click Apply to All button.

Using Hyperlinks in Microsoft PowerPoint

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Ways to insert Hyperlinks

1. Select an object or highlight a text

2. Go to Insert > Hyperlinks (under links category) or use the shortcut key Ctrl + K. The insert hyperlink
dialog box would appear.
Link to Options:

a. Existing File or Web Page – creates a hyperlink to website or a local file saved in your hard drive. Just
browse your file in the dialog box or type the web address.
b. Place in this Document – creates a hyperlink that allows you to jump to a specific slide in your
presentation.
c. Create a New Document – creates a hyperlink that once clicked, create new document on your specified
location.
d. E-mail Address – creates a hyperlink that opens Microsoft Outlook that automatically adds your specified
recipient on a new email.
3. When done, Click OK to apply your hyperlink.

Assignment
Direction. Read and Practice the following Microsoft PowerPoint 2010 Shortcut Keys

Microsoft PowerPoint Navigation

Page Up/Down Moves to next/previous slide

Ctrl + M Insert a slide in current presentation
Ctrl + W Close a presentation
F5 View slide show from beginning
Shift+F5 View slide show from current slide
Esc Cancel an action
Alt + V, then D View slide sorter
Alt + O, then N Format text box (colors and lines)
Alt + I, then X Insert text box

References

Innovative Training Works, Inc., 2016

Jemma Development Group, Fundamentals of Computers, c2009 Jemma, Inc.

Module Title: Empowerment Technologies (For All Strand)

Grade: 11

Topic Title: ADVANCED SPREADSHEET SKILLS

Learning Outcomes:

At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to;

 Familiarize the most commonly used functions in Microsoft Excel;

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 Use Several conditional functions available in Microsoft Excel; and

 Use Microsoft Excel as a viable tool in market research and product development.
Introduction

Whether you work in the field of accounting or not, the truth is whatever you do should be accounted for.
This is because the resources you use cost you expense. Whether you become a scientist, an engineer, a yoga
instructor, a bartender, or an airline pilot, it is important to understand how a company spends to be able to deliver a
product or service.

These factor could easily be computed using spreadsheet programs like Microsoft Excel or Google Sheets.

Lesson Discussion

MICROSOFT EXCEL

Excel is a computer program used to create electronic spread sheets. Within excel user can organize data,
create chart and perform calculations. Excel is a convenient program because it allows user to create large spread
sheets, reference information, and it allows for better storage of information. Excel operates like other Microsoft
office programs and has many of the same functions and shortcuts of other programs.

 Microsoft Excel consists of workbooks. Within each workbook, there is an infinite number of worksheets.
 Each worksheet contains columns and rows.
 The tabs at the bottom of the screen represent different worksheets within a workbook. You can use the
scrolling buttons on the left to bring other worksheets into view.

WORKSHEET

A worksheet is an on-screen spreadsheet that contains various cells in columns and rows. By entering
information in the form of labels, values and formulas into the worksheet cell, you create tables or spreadsheets,
useful for summarizing, tabulating, and analyzing data.

Advantages of Electronic Worksheets

 The calculated results are accurate and reliable.

 All kind of complicated calculations can be performed very easily.
 The worksheet can be quite big in size and any part of it can be viewed or edited.
 It provides graphics facility.
 The entire worksheet or any part of it can be printed in the desired format.
 The worksheet can be saved in an electronic file can be modified later.
 An existing worksheet or any part of it can be merged with a new worksheet.
 Electronic spread sheets programs have several mathematical, financial, and statistical functions which are
built-in and are very user-friendly.

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Parts of Excel Interface

Quick Access Toolbar – provides access to the most common Word commands including Save, undo,
Repeat and copy. You can customize, add or delete buttons on this toolbar.

Title Bar – shows the open program and the name of the open file.

Name Box – shows the cell reference of the active cell. This can also be used to locate a cell.

Formula Bar – the area where you can enter or edit text or formulas.

Active Cell – a cell that is selected. The active cell is indicated in the name box at formula bar.

Cell – is the rectangular area where a column and a row intersect. Each cell is identified by a cell reference
which is its column and row location.

Worksheet – a table like document containing rows and columns that holds data and formula. There are
16,384 columns and 10, 48,576 rows in each work sheet. There are 17,179,869,184 cells in each worksheet.

Workbook – an excel document referred to as workbook. A workbook holds one or more worksheets
(Spread Sheets). In other words, a workbook is a collection of worksheets stored in a single file. A work book is
useful for groupings the worksheets of a project together.

Task Bar – contains the button sized files that are open.

Scroll Bars – allow you to easily go to the top or bottom, left or right of the worksheet.

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The Use of Arithmetic Operators in Microsoft Excel

FUNCTIONS

Functions are built-in formulas you can use to make your worksheet construction easier.

Excel Functions
Parts Description
=SUM Calculates the sum of the values of a range of cells.
=AVERAGE Calculates the arithmetic mean of a range of cells or values.
=MAX Gives the maximum value in a range of cells or values.
=MIN Gives the minimum value in range of cells or values.
=COUNT Counts the number of cells in range of cells or values.
=IF Shows a series of calculations using the same formula but a different value for each calculation
to determine whether the formula is True or False.

CHART

Chart is a graphic or diagram that displays data or the relationships between sets of data in picture form.

CHART TYPES

Icon Name Description

Plots each data series values using
Column Chart vertical bars. This is good for
comparing individual values when
the chart data category is time.
Plots each data series values using
Bar Chart horizontal bars. This is good for
comparing individual values when
the chart data category is not time.
Plots each series values as points on
Line Chart a line. Emphasizes trends in the
data series values.

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This type displays the contribution

Pie Chart of each value to a total.

This type uses two values axes

XY Scatter Chart gridlines to plot pairs of data points
in a line.

Plots data series as cumulative

Area Chart lines. The first data series values
are plotted in a line.

Plots data series in rings, with each

Doughnut Chart value in the series represented as a
segment of the doughnut (ring).

Plots data series value using a

Radar Chart separate value axis for each
category. Value axis radiate from
the center of the chart.
Plots data series as lines of a grid.
Surface Chart This is useful for creating
rectangular data maps.

This type compares sets of three

Bubble Chart values like scatter chart with the
third value displayed as the size of
the bubble marker.
This type requires four series of
Stock Chart values in this order: Open-High-
Low-Close.

Assignment
Direction. Read and Practice the following Microsoft PowerPoint 2010 Shortcut Keys

Microsoft Excel Shortcut Keys

F2 Edit the selected cell Ctrl + K Insert link
F5 Go to a specific cell Ctrl + F Open find and replace options
F7 Spell check selected text and/or document Ctrl + G Open go-to options
F11 Create chart Ctrl + H Open find and replace options
Ctrl + Shift +; Enter the current time Ctrl + U Underline highlighted selection
Ctrl +; Enter the current date Ctrl + Y Underline selected text
Alt + Shift + F1 Insert new worksheet Ctrl + 5 Strikethrough highlighted selection
Shift + F3 Open the Excel® formula window Ctrl + O Open options
Shift + F5 Bring up search box Ctrl + N Open new document
Ctrl + A Select all contents of worksheet Ctrl + P Open print dialog box
Ctrl + B Bold highlighted selection Ctrl + S Save
Ctrl + I Italicize highlighted selection Ctrl + Z Undo last action
Ctrl + C Copy selected text Ctrl + F9 Minimize current window
Ctrl + V Paste Ctrl + F10 Maximize currently selected window
Ctrl + D Fill Ctrl + F6 Switch between open workbooks/windows
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Ctrl + Page up Ctrl + Shift + # Format number in date format

& Page Down Ctrl + Shift + % Format number in percentage
Move between Excel® worksheets in the format
same document Ctrl + Shift + ^ Format number in scientific format
Ctrl + Tab Move between two or more open Excel® Ctrl + Shift + @ Format number in time format
files Ctrl + g Move to next section of text
Alt + = Create formula to sum all of above cells Ctrl + Space Select entire column
Ctrl + ‘Insert value of above cell into current cell Shift + Space Select entire row
Ctrl + Shift +! Format number in comma format Ctrl + W Close document
Ctrl + Shift + $ Format number in currency format

COMMON ERROR MESSAGES IN MS EXCEL

 #### - cell isn’t wide enough to show data.

 #VALUE – wrong type of data for a function.
 #DIV/0! – tried to divide by zero.
 #NAME? – Cell name not defined or (usually) misspelled.
 #REF! – Call reference is not valid.
 #NUM! – Function requires a number.
 #NULL! – Called a non-intersecting range of cells.
 #N/A – No value available.

References

Innovative Training Works, Inc., 2016

Jemma Development Group, Fundamentals of Computers, c2009 Jemma, Inc.

MS Excel by Mridul Bansal

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