Fluid Power

Fluid Power
Eng. Abdelrhman
Hydraulic Pumps Hydraulic motors
𝑄𝑎
η𝑣 = Qth = Vd (m3/rev). N (rpm) = m3/min
𝑄𝑡ℎ
𝑃 𝑄𝑡ℎ
η𝑚 =
𝑇𝑎 . ω
𝑇𝑡ℎ
η𝑚 =
𝑇𝑎
η𝑜𝑣 = η𝑚 η𝑣
𝑃 𝑄𝑡ℎ 𝑄𝑎 𝑃 𝑄𝑎
η𝑜 = ∗ =
𝑇𝑎 . ω 𝑄𝑡ℎ 𝑇𝑎 . ω
Problem : 1
A pump having volumetric efficiency of 96% delivers 29 L/min of
oil at 1000 rpm . What is the displaced volume of pump .
Solution
Qth = Vd . N is the 29 L/min Actual or theoretical flow rate ?
𝑄𝑎 𝑄𝑎 29
η𝑣 = 𝑄𝑡ℎ = 𝑄𝑡ℎ = = 30.208 𝐿/𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑄𝑡ℎ η𝑣 0.96
𝑄𝑡ℎ (𝐿/𝑚𝑖𝑛) 30.208

𝑉𝑑 = 𝑉𝑑 = = 0.0302 𝐿/𝑟𝑒𝑣
𝑁 (𝑟𝑝𝑚) 1000
Problem : 2
Positive displacement pump has an overall efficiency of 88% and a
volumetric efficiency of 92%. What is the mechanical efficiency ?
η𝑜𝑣 0.88
η𝑚 = = = 95.6 %
η𝑣 0.92
Problem : 3
How much hydraulic power would a pump produce when operating at 140 bar and delivering
60 L/min of oil ??
What power rated electric motor would be selected to drive this pump if the over all
efficiency is 85%
Solution
Ph = P . Q a
60
𝑃ℎ = 140 ∗ 105 ∗ = 14000 W = 14 𝐾𝑊
60 ∗ 1000
𝑃ℎ 14
𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 = = = 16.47 𝐾𝑊
η𝑣 0.85
Problem : 4
A pump has a displace volume of 98.4 cm3/rev. It delivers 90 L/min of oil at 1000 rpm and 70
bar . If the prime mover input torque is 124.3 N.m .
1- What is the overall efficiency of the pump ?
2- What is the theoretical torque required to operate the pump
3 – Volumetric and mechanical efficiency
Given :
Vd = 98.4 cm3/rev Qa = 90 L/min N = 1000 rpm P = 70 bar Ta = 124.3 N.m
𝑃 𝑄𝑎 𝑃 𝑄𝑎
η𝑜 = (70 ∗ 105 ) ∗ (90 ∗ 10−3 )
η𝑜 = 2π𝑁 η𝑜 = = 0.8066 = 80.66 %
𝑇𝑎 . ω 𝑇𝑎 . 124.3. (2π ∗ 1000)
60
(98.4 ∗ 10−6 ) ∗ (70 ∗ 105 )

𝑇𝑡ℎ = = 109.62 𝑁. 𝑚
2π
𝑄𝑎
η𝑣 = Qth = Vd . N
𝑄𝑡ℎ
= (98.4 *10-3 ) * 1000 = 98.4 L/min
𝑄𝑎 90
η𝑣 = = = 0.9146 % = 91.46 %
𝑄𝑡ℎ 98.4
η𝑜𝑣 = η𝑚 η𝑣 η𝑜 0.8066
η𝑚 = = = 0.8819 = 88.19 %
η𝑣 0.9146
𝑃 𝑄𝑡ℎ 𝑃 𝑄𝑡ℎ
η𝑣 = (70 ∗ 105 ) ∗ (98.4 ∗ 10−3 )
η𝑚 = 2π𝑁 η𝑜 = = 0.8819 = 88.19 %
𝑇𝑎 . ω 𝑇𝑎 . 124.3. (2π ∗ 1000)
60
Hydraulic Pumps Hydraulic motors
𝑄𝑎 𝑄𝑡ℎ
η𝑣 = Qth = Vd (m3/rev). N (rpm) = m3/min Qth = Vd (m3/rev). N (rpm) = m3/min
𝑄𝑡ℎ η𝑣 =
𝑄𝑎
𝑇𝑎 . ω
η𝑚 =
𝑃 𝑄𝑡ℎ 𝑃 𝑄𝑡ℎ
η𝑚 =
𝑇𝑎 . ω
𝑇𝑎
𝑇𝑡ℎ η𝑚 =
η𝑚 = 𝑇𝑡ℎ
𝑇𝑎
𝑃 𝑄𝑡ℎ 𝑄𝑎 𝑃 𝑄𝑎
η𝑜 = ∗ = 𝑇𝑎 . ω
𝑇𝑎 . ω 𝑄𝑡ℎ 𝑇𝑎 . ω η𝑜 =
𝑃 𝑄𝑎
Problem : 5
A hydraulic motor has 82 cm3 volumetric displacement. It has a pressure rating 70 bar and
receives oil from a 0.6 Lps theoretical frow rate pump .find the motor :
a- speed
b- theoretical torque
c- theoretical power
Given :
Vd = 82 cm3/rev P = 70 bar Qth = 0.6 L/s
𝑄𝑡ℎ 0.6
Qth = Vd N 𝑁= 𝑁= = 7.317 𝑟𝑝𝑠 = 439 𝑟𝑝𝑚
𝑉𝑑 82 ∗ 10−3
(82 ∗ 10−6 ) ∗ (70 ∗ 105 )

𝑇𝑡ℎ = = 91.35 𝑁. 𝑚
2π
Theoretical power = Tth . ω

= 91.35 * ( 2π 7.317 ) = 4200 W = 4.2 KW
Problem : 6
Qth ( m) = Vd (m) N(m)

𝑄𝑡ℎ(𝑚)
η𝑣(𝑚) = Qth ( m) = ηv(m) Qa(m)
𝑄𝑎(𝑚)
The actual flow rate into the motor is the same flow rate out of the pump
Qa ( m) = Qa(P)
𝑄𝑎(𝑃)
η𝑣(𝑃) = Qa (O) = ηv(P) Qth(P) Also Qth ( P) = Vd (P) N(P)
𝑄𝑡ℎ(𝑃)
Qth ( P) = Vd (P) N(P) = (82*10-6 )* 500 = 0.041 m3/min
= 6.83*10-4 m3/s
Qa (P) = ηv(P) Qth(P) = 0.82 * 0.041= 0.03362 m3/min
= 5.6 *10-4 m3/s
Since the flow rate out of the pump equal the flow rate into motor
Qa ( m) = Qa(P)
𝑄𝑡ℎ(𝑚)
η𝑣(𝑚) = Qth ( m) =0.92* 0.03362 = 0.0309 m3 /min
𝑄𝑎(𝑚)
= 5.15 *10-4 m3 /s
𝑄𝑡ℎ 𝑚 0.0309
Qth ( m) = Vd (m) N(m) 𝑉𝑑(𝑚) = = = 7.725 ∗ 10−5 𝑚3
𝑁𝑚 400
𝑇𝑎 . ω
η𝑜 = η𝑜 (𝑚) = η𝑚(𝑚) η𝑣(𝑚) = 0.92 ∗ 0.9 = 0.828
𝑃 𝑄𝑎
η. 𝑃 𝑄𝑎 0.828 ∗ 70 ∗ 105 ∗ 0.03362

𝑏) 𝑇𝑎 = = = 77.5 𝑁. 𝑚
ω 2π ∗ 400
Thank You

Fluid Power - 2

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𝑄𝑡ℎ (𝐿/𝑚𝑖𝑛) 30.208

(98.4 ∗ 10−6 ) ∗ (70 ∗ 105 )

(82 ∗ 10−6 ) ∗ (70 ∗ 105 )

Theoretical power = Tth . ω

Qth ( m) = Vd (m) N(m)

η. 𝑃 𝑄𝑎 0.828 ∗ 70 ∗ 105 ∗ 0.03362

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