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Sheet3-Encoding and Numbering System

The document discusses various number systems including decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal. It provides examples of how to convert numbers between these different bases. Specifically, it shows how to break numbers into integer and fractional parts, identifies the place values of each digit, and uses this to determine the equivalent value in another base through multiplication and addition. Problems at the end practice converting additional numbers between decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal.

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24 views

Sheet3-Encoding and Numbering System

The document discusses various number systems including decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal. It provides examples of how to convert numbers between these different bases. Specifically, it shows how to break numbers into integer and fractional parts, identifies the place values of each digit, and uses this to determine the equivalent value in another base through multiplication and addition. Problems at the end practice converting additional numbers between decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal.

Uploaded by

omarabdelaal83
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Alexandria National University

CDS program- Fall 2023 / 2024


02-24-00103N - Introduction to Computer Syst.
Lecturer : Instructors TA: TA’s

Sheet #3 : Encoding and numbering system


Decimal System
Base (radix) = 10 determine the quantity that a number represents.
Symbols: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

Examples:
45.67 = 7 *10−2 + 6*10−1 + 4*101 + 5*100
724.5 = ---------- 75*10−1 + 4*100 + 2*101 + 7*102

Binary System
Base (radix) = 2
Symbols: 0,1

Examples:

10111.01 = 1 *2−2 + 0 *2−1 + 1 *20 + 1 *21 + 1 *22 0*23 + 1 *24 = (23.25)10


11011.101 = ---------------------------
1 *2−3 + 0 *2−2 + 1 *2−1 + 1 *20 + 1 *21 0*22 + 1 *23 + 1 *24 = (27.625)10

Octal System
Base (radix) = 8
Symbols: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7

Examples:
(137.4 )8= 4 *8−1 + 7 *80 + 3 *81 + 1 *82 = (95.5)10
(736.4 )8 = --------------------------------------
4 *8−1 + 6 *80 + 3 *81 + 17*82

Hexadecimal System

Base (radix) = 16
Symbols: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F

Examples:
(F3)16= ---------------------- (243)10
(AB. 4)16 = ------------------ (171.25)10
Converting from decimal to Binary

Example:

a) Convert (5.125)10 to binary “Separate the integer part from the


fraction part”

Fraction part:
0.12510 = (-------------)2
integer fraction
0.125× 2 0.25 0
0.25×2 0.5 0
0.5×2 0.0 1
Result = (0.001)2

Integer part:
510 = (-------------)2
reminder
5 2 1
2 2 0
1 2 1
0
Result= 1012

b) (286.85)10 =(--------)8 436.66314

NB: Take care of the stopping case: reaching zero or repeated fraction

Converting between Binary and Octal or Hexadecimal

Example:

107.548 = (----------------)2

1 0 7 . 5 4
001 000 111 . 101 100

(AB.C8)16 = (--------------)2 10101011.11001


Converting between Octal and Hexadecimal

(AB.C8)16 = (----------)8
Step 1: A B . C 8
Step 2: 1010 1011 . 1100 1000
Step 3: 010 101 011 . 110 010
Step 4: 2 5 3 . 6 2

Binary Table:

Problems

1. Convert the following binary numbers to decimal:


• 101110
• 1110101
• 110110100.

2. Convert the following numbers with the indicated bases to decimal:


• (12121)3
• (4310)5
• (50)7
• (198)12

3. Convert the following decimal numbers to binary:


• 231
• 673
• 98.

4. Convert the following binary numbers to the basis indicated:


• 1100.011 to decimal
• 1110110101.0011 to octal
• 110100111011101.101101 to hexadecimal

5. Convert the following numbers to decimal:


• (472)8 = (----------)10
• (153.48)8 = (--------)10
• (21 FB )16 = (---------)10

6. Convert the following numbers according to the radix indicated:


• (1 FA6.2D )16 = (-------)8
• (360)8 = (---------)16
• (368170.AB)16 = (--------)8

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