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Statistics

Mean, median, and mode are three measures of central tendency used to summarize numerical data. The mean is the average value calculated by adding all data points and dividing by their number, but it is affected by outliers. The median is the middle value when data is arranged in order, and is not impacted by outliers. The mode is the most frequently occurring value in the data, and there can be more than one if values have the same frequency. These measures help analyze and compare different data sets.

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15 views2 pages

Statistics

Mean, median, and mode are three measures of central tendency used to summarize numerical data. The mean is the average value calculated by adding all data points and dividing by their number, but it is affected by outliers. The median is the middle value when data is arranged in order, and is not impacted by outliers. The mode is the most frequently occurring value in the data, and there can be more than one if values have the same frequency. These measures help analyze and compare different data sets.

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Mean, median, and mode are three measures of central tendency in statistics.

They are
used to summarize a set of numerical data by finding a single value that represents the
typical or most common characteristic of the data. Here is a brief explanation of each
measure:

 Mean: The mean is the arithmetic average of the data. It is calculated by adding up all
the data values and dividing by the number of data points. For example, the mean of 2,
4, 6, and 8 is (2 + 4 + 6 + 8) / 4 = 5. The mean is sensitive to outliers, which are extreme
values that are much higher or lower than the rest of the data.

 Median: The median is the middle value of the data when it is arranged in ascending or
descending order. If the number of data points is odd, the median is the single value
that splits the data in half. If the number of data points is even, the median is the
average of the two middle values. For example, the median of 2, 4, 6, and 8 is (4 + 6) / 2
= 5. The median is not affected by outliers, so it is a more robust measure of central
tendency than the mean.
 Mode: The mode is the most frequently occurring value in the data. There can be more
than one mode if two or more values have the same frequency. For example, the mode
of 2, 4, 4, 6, and 8 is 4, because it appears twice, while the other values appear only
once. The mode is useful for categorical or nominal data, such as colors, names, or
labels.

These measures of central tendency can help us compare and analyze different sets of
data. For example, if we want to know how well a student performed on a test, we can
look at their mean score, which tells us their average performance. If we want to know
how skewed a distribution of income is, we can look at the difference between the mean
and the median, which tells us how much the outliers affect the average. If we want to
know what the most popular choice or preference is among a group of people, we can
look at the mode, which tells us the most common response.

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