function main

% Define simulation parameters

num_simulations = 100000; % Number of Monte Carlo simulations

L = 5; % Beam span (m)

gamma_g = 1.4; % Partial safety factor for permanent loads

gamma_q = 1.4; % Partial safety factor for variable loads

exposure_times = [20, 30, 60, 90, 120]; % Exposure times in minutes

load_ratios = [0.25, 0.5, 0.75]; % Load ratios

compartment = struct('floor_width', 10, 'floor_length', 15, 'floor_area', 150, 'ceiling_area',

150, 'wall_area', [60, 60, 40, 40], 'num_doors', 2, 'door_width', 1, 'num_windows', 12,
'window_width', 1.5, 'thermal_inertia_floor_ceiling', 2034, 'thermal_inertia_walls', 1521); %
Compartment characteristics

cases = [32, 0.032, 45, 40; 32, 0.032, 35, 30; 50, 0.050, 45, 39; 50, 0.050, 35, 29; 80, 0.080,
45, 37; 80, 0.080, 35, 27; 94.5, 0.095, 45, 35; 94.5, 0.095, 35, 25]; % Cases: [As (cm^2), rho (%),
d' (cm), c1 (cm)]

alpha_r_standard = [27, 241, 53, 45, 195, 212, 165, 845; 285, 225, 39, 29, 235, 217, 186, 56;
178, 12, 19, 125, 185, 121, 13, 185; 115, 0735, 1148, 075, 1215, 076, 09, 096; 081, 0515, 08,
0511, 0861, 0525, 0675, 062]; % Thermal diffusivity ratio values for standard fire

alpha_r_parametric = [162, 115, 153, 112, 192, 21, 162, 8; 88, 58, 8, 54, 235, 215, 187, 58;
196, 201, 178, 178, 21, 25, 152, 208; 1067, 1096, 1052, 1085, 83, 104, 59, 1185; 717, 732, 709,
725, 65, 745, 515, 81]; % Thermal diffusivity ratio values for parametric fire

% Initialize arrays for results

reliability_indices = zeros(length(exposure_times), length(cases), length(load_ratios), 2); %

Last dimension for fire types (1: standard, 2: parametric)

probabilities_of_failure = zeros(length(exposure_times), length(cases), length(load_ratios),

2); % Last dimension for fire types

% Loop over exposure times, cases, and load ratios

for t = 1:length(exposure_times)

for c = 1:length(cases)

for r = 1:length(load_ratios)

% Perform Monte Carlo simulation for standard fire

[reliability_index_std, probability_of_failure_std] =
monte_carlo_simulation(num_simulations, exposure_times(t), cases(c,:), load_ratios(r),
'standard', alpha_r_standard(t, c), compartment, L, gamma_g, gamma_q);
 reliability_indices(t, c, r, 1) = reliability_index_std;

probabilities_of_failure(t, c, r, 1) = probability_of_failure_std;

% Perform Monte Carlo simulation for parametric fire

[reliability_index_param, probability_of_failure_param] =
monte_carlo_simulation(num_simulations, exposure_times(t), cases(c,:), load_ratios(r),
'parametric', alpha_r_parametric(t, c), compartment, L, gamma_g, gamma_q);

reliability_indices(t, c, r, 2) = reliability_index_param;

probabilities_of_failure(t, c, r, 2) = probability_of_failure_param;

end

end

end

% Plot results

plotthe results

plot_results(exposure_times, reliability_indices, probabilities_of_failure, load_ratios, cases);

end

function [reliability_index, probability_of_failure] = monte_carlo_simulation(num_simulations,

exposure_time, case_params, load_ratio, fire_type, alpha_r, compartment, L, gamma_g,
gamma_q)

% Initialize variables for Monte Carlo simulation

failure_count = 0;

M_Rd = [156.4; 152.4; 239.4; 233.2; 377.1; 367.4; 435.3; 424.2]; % Design resistant moments
(M_Rd) for each case (kNm)

% Loop over the number of simulations

for i = 1:num_simulations

% Generate random samples for the random variables

As = normrnd(case_params(1), case_params(1) * 0.02); % Reinforcement area

fy = lognrnd(log(1.16 * 500) - 0.5 * (0.07)^2, 0.07); % Steel yield stress

d = normrnd(50, 50 * 0.004); % Beam height

fc = lognrnd(log(1.23 * 25) - 0.5 * (0.15)^2, 0.15); % Concrete strength

 alpha = normrnd(0.417e-6, 0.417e-6 * 0.06); % Thermal diffusivity

b = normrnd(20, 20 * 0.004); % Beam width

d_prime = lognrnd(log(case_params(3)), log(case_params(3)) * 0.1); % Cover

theta_R = lognrnd(log(1.10) - 0.5 * (0.1)^2, 0.1); % Uncertainty in resistance model

% Calculate temperatures and other parameters

[Tr, Tc] = calculate_temperatures(exposure_time, alpha * alpha_r, fire_type, case_params,

compartment);

x500 = sqrt((alpha * alpha_r * exposure_time * 60) / exp(4.5 + 480 / (0.18 * (1 - 0.0616 *

(exposure_time * 60)^(-0.88)) * Tc)));

b_Tc = b - 2 * x500;

r = (720 - (Tr + 20)) / 470;

r = min(max(r, 0), 1);

fyTr = fy * r;

aTc = (As * fyTr) / (0.85 * fc * b_Tc);

MnT = theta_R * As * fyTr * (d - d_prime) + (As - As) * fyTr * (d - aTc)^2 / 2;

mu_LL = (8 / L^2) * M_Rd(i) / ((5 * (1 - load_ratio) / (load_ratio * gamma_g) + gamma_q /

0.2));

mu_PL = mu_LL * (5 * (1 - load_ratio) / (load_ratio));

MPL = normrnd(mu_PL, mu_PL * 0.1);

MLL = gamrnd(2, 0.5 * mu_LL);

theta_S = lognrnd(0, 0.1);

MS = theta_S * (MPL + MLL);

gX = MnT - MS;

% Check for failure

if gX <= 0

failure_count = failure_count + 1;

end

end

% Calculate the probability of failure and reliability index

 probability_of_failure = failure_count / num_simulations;

reliability_index = -norminv(probability_of_failure);

end

function [Tr, Tc] = calculate_temperatures(exposure_time, alpha, fire_type, case_params,

compartment)

% Convert exposure time to hours for the Wickstrom model

t = exposure_time / 60;

% Calculate the gas temperature (Tg) based on the fire type

if strcmp(fire_type, 'standard')

Tg = 20 + 345 * log10(8 * t + 1); % Standard fire curve (ISO 834)

else

% Parametric fire curve

time_temperature = [20, 821; 30, 840; 60, 639; 90, 333; 100, 224; 120, 20];

Tg = interp1(time_temperature(:, 1), time_temperature(:, 2), exposure_time, 'linear',

'extrap');

end

% Calculate the temperature of the steel reinforcement (Tr) andconcrete (Tc) using
Wickstrom's model

s = case_params(3); % Distance from the steel bar axis to the concrete face (d')

nw = 1 - 0.0616 * t^(-0.88);

nss = 0.18 * log(alpha * t / s^2) - 0.81;

nx = ny = nss; % Assuming symmetrical heating

Tr = nw * (nx + ny - 2 * nx * ny) + nx * ny * Tg;

Tc = Tg;

end

function plot_results(exposure_times, reliability_indices, probabilities_of_failure, load_ratios,

cases)

% Plot reliability indices and probabilities of failure for each case and load ratio
 for c = 1:length(cases)

for r = 1:length(load_ratios)

for f = 1:2 % Fire types (1: standard, 2: parametric)

fire_type = 'Standard';

if f == 2

fire_type = 'Parametric';

end

% Plot reliability indices for all load ratios and fire types in one graph

figure;

hold on;

for r = 1:length(load_ratios)

for f = 1:2 % Fire types (1: standard, 2: parametric)

if f == 1

fire_type = 'Standard';

line_style = '-';

else

fire_type = 'Parametric';

line_style = '--';

end

plot(exposure_times, squeeze(reliability_indices(:, c, r, f)), line_style, 'DisplayName',

['Load Ratio ' num2str(load_ratios(r)) ' ' fire_type ' Fire']);

end

end

title(['Reliability Index for Case ' num2str(c)]);

xlabel('Exposure Time (min)');

ylabel('Reliability Index');

legend('show');

% Plot probabilities of failure for all load ratios and fire types in one graph

figure;

hold on;

for r = 1:length(load_ratios)
 for f = 1:2 % Fire types

if f == 1

fire_type = 'Standard';

line_style = '-';

else

fire_type = 'Parametric';

line_style = '--';

end

plot(exposure_times, squeeze(probabilities_of_failure(:, c, r, f)), line_style, 'DisplayName',

['Load Ratio ' num2str(load_ratios(r)) ' ' fire_type ' Fire']);

end

end

title(['Probability of Failure for Case ' num2str(c)]);

xlabel('Exposure Time (min)');

ylabel('Probability of Failure');

legend('show');

end

end

end

end