Mark Scheme (Results)

June 2022

Pearson Edexcel
International Advanced Level
in Physics (WPH16)
Paper 01 Practical Skills in Physics II
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June 2022
Question Paper Log Number: P73635A
Publications Code: WPH16_01_2206_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2022
General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark
the first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be
rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than penalised
for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to
their perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme
should be used appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded.
Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer
matches the mark scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award
zero marks if the candidate’s response is not worthy of credit according
to the mark scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the
principles by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be
limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark
scheme to a candidate’s response, the team leader must be consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced
it with an alternative response.
• Mark schemes will indicate within the table where, and which strands of
QWC, are being assessed. The strands are as follows:

i) ensure that text is legible and that spelling, punctuation and grammar
are accurate so that meaning is clear
ii) select and use a form and style of writing appropriate to purpose and
to complex subject matter
iii) organise information clearly and coherently, using specialist
vocabulary when appropriate.
Mark scheme notes

Underlying principle
The mark scheme will clearly indicate the concept that is being rewarded, backed up
by examples. It is not a set of model answers.

1. Mark scheme format

1.1 You will not see ‘wtte’ (words to that effect). Alternative correct wording
should be credited in every answer unless the MS has specified specific
words that must be present. Such words will be indicated by underlining
e.g. ‘resonance’
1.2 Bold lower case will be used for emphasis e.g. ‘and’ when two pieces of
information are needed for 1 mark.
1.3 Round brackets ( ) indicate words that are not essential e.g. “(hence)
distance is increased”.
1.4 Square brackets [ ] indicate advice to examiners or examples e.g. [Do
not accept gravity] [ecf].

2. Unit error penalties

2.1 A separate mark is not usually given for a unit but a missing or incorrect
unit will normally mean that the final calculation mark will not be
awarded.
2.2 This does not apply in ‘show that’ questions or in any other question
where the units to be used have been given, for example in a
spreadsheet.
2.3 The mark will not be awarded for the same missing or incorrect unit only
once within one clip in epen.
2.4 Occasionally, it may be decided not to insist on a unit e.g the candidate
may be calculating the gradient of a graph, resulting in a unit that is not
one that should be known and is complex.
2.5 The mark scheme will indicate if no unit error is to be applied by means
of [no ue].

3. Significant figures
3.1 Use of too many significant figures in the theory questions will not be
prevent a mark being awarded if the answer given rounds to the answer
in the MS.
3.2 Too few significant figures will mean that the final mark cannot be
awarded in ‘show that’ questions where one more significant figure than
the value in the question is needed for the candidate to demonstrate the
validity of the given answer.
3.3 The use of one significant figure might be inappropriate in the context of
the question e.g. reading a value off a graph. If this is the case, there will
be a clear indication in the MS.
3.4 The use of g = 10 m s-2 or 10 N kg-1 instead of 9.81 m s-2 or 9.81 N kg-1
will mean that one mark will not be awarded. (but not more than once
per clip). Accept 9.8 m s-2 or 9.8 N kg-1
3.5 In questions assessing practical skills, a specific number of significant
figures will be required e.g. determining a constant from the gradient of a
graph or in uncertainty calculations. The MS will clearly identify the
number of significant figures required.
4. Calculations
4.1 Bald (i.e. no working shown) correct answers score full marks unless in a
‘show that’ question.
4.2 If a ‘show that’ question is worth 2 marks. then both marks will be
available for a reverse working; if it is worth 3 marks then only 2 will be
available.
4.3 use of the formula means that the candidate demonstrates substitution of
physically correct values, although there may be conversion errors e.g.
power of 10 error.
4.4 recall of the correct formula will be awarded when the formula is seen or
implied by substitution.
4.5 The mark scheme will show a correctly worked answer for illustration
only.

5. Quality of Written Communication

5.1 Indicated by QoWC in mark scheme. QWC – Work must be clear and
organised in a logical manner using technical wording where appropriate.
5.2 Usually it is part of a max mark, the final mark not being awarded unless
the QoWC condition has been satisfied.

6. Graphs
6.1 A mark given for axes requires both axes to be labelled with quantities
and units, and drawn the correct way round.
6.2 Sometimes a separate mark will be given for units or for each axis if the
units are complex. This will be indicated on the mark scheme.
6.3 A mark given for choosing a scale requires that the chosen scale allows
all points to be plotted, spreads plotted points over more than half of
each axis and is not an awkward scale e.g. multiples of 3, 4, 7 etc.
6.4 Points should be plotted to within 1 mm.
6.5 Check the two points furthest from the best line. If both OK award mark.
• If either is 2 mm out do not award mark.
• If both are 1 mm out do not award mark.
• If either is 1 mm out then check another two and award mark if both
of these OK, otherwise no mark.
6.6 For a line mark there must be a thin continuous line which is the best-fit
line for the candidate’s results.
Question Answer Mark
Number

1 (a)(i) 5 (°C) (1) 1

1 (a)(ii) The resolution of the stopwatch is better (than the resolution of the
thermometer) (1)
Therefore there will be a smaller (percentage) uncertainty (in temperature) (1)
Or
Using fixed interval of time the temperature may be between values of
temperature on the scale (1)
which will lead to a larger (percentage) uncertainty (in temperature) (1) 2

MP2 dependent on MP1

Do not accept precision for resolution

1 (b)(i) Mass (of liquid)

Or
Flow rate (of the steam)
Or
Position of control tap (1) 1

Ignore reference to amount and temperature

[Do not accept volume]

1 (b)(ii) Line starts at 10 °C (1)

Line drawn below and curved with decreasing gradient (1) 2

1 (c) Any TWO from

More readings can be taken in a given time (1)
Measurements (of θ and t) can be taken simultaneously (1)
The temperature probe will have a smaller resolution (1) 2

Total for question 1 8

Question Answer Mark
Number

2 (a) Method to ensure rubber band is level (1)

Measure distance L with a metre rule [Accept Vernier calipers]

Repeat for at least 5 different values of L

Plot a graph of log P against log L to check it is a straight line
(1)
Any TWO from: (1)
Ensure the ruler is vertical using the set square
(1)
Measure a number of cycles and divide by the number of cycles to get
P (1)
Repeat the measurement (of P) and calculate a mean

(1)
(1) 6

2 (b) It may be difficult to judge the exact moment the pendulum stops moving (1)
Motion can be viewed more slowly so minimum can be found more reliably
Or
Motion can be viewed more slowly which reduces effect of reaction time (1) 2

Total for question 2 8

Question Answer Mark
Number

3 (a) log Z = log k + n log f (1)

Is in the form y = c + mx with a constant gradient (= n) (1)
Or
log Z = n log f + log k (1)
Is in the form y = mx + c with a constant gradient (= n) (1) 2

MP2 dependent on MP1

3 (b)(i) Values of log Z correct to 2 d.p. [Accept ln values, 3 d.p.] (1)

Values of log f correct to 2 d.p. [Accept ln values, 3 d.p.] (1)
15
Axes labelled: y as log Z and x as log (f / 10 Hz) [Accept ln for
ln values] (1)
Appropriate scales chosen (1)
log values plotted accurately (1)
Best fit line drawn (1) 6

3 (b)(ii) Gradient calculation using correct data and large triangle shown (1)
Value of n in range 0.45 to 0.49, (1)
to 2 or 3 s.f, no unit (1) 3

Example of calculation
n = (1.92 − 0.5) / (2.25 − −0.75) = 1.42 / 3 = 0.47

3 (b)(iii) Correct value of y intercept shown (1)

Value of k in range 6.9 to 7.3 [e.c.f. for value of n in (b)(ii)] (1)
Value given to 2 or 3 s.f., (1) 3

Example of calculation
Log k = 0.86
k = 100.86 = 7.24

3 (c) Either
States mathematical relationship using calculated values of n (and k) (1)
Conclusion based on comparison with Z ∝ f 0.5 (1)
Or
A graph of log Z against log f would be a straight line with a gradient (1)
of 0.5
Conclusion based on comparison with calculated n (1) 2

Total for question 3 16

Element Z f / 1015 Hz log Z log (f / 1015 Hz)

Li 3 0.16 0.48 −0.80

C 6 0.69 0.78 −0.16

Si 14 4.19 1.15 0.62

Mn 25 13.82 1.40 1.14

Sr 38 33.98 1.58 1.53

Hg 80 154.64 1.90 2.19

Element Z f / 1015 Hz ln Z ln (f / 1015 Hz)

Li 3 0.16 1.10 −1.83

C 6 0.69 1.79 −0.37

Si 14 4.19 2.64 1.43

Mn 25 13.82 3.22 2.63

Sr 38 33.98 3.64 3.53

Hg 80 154.64 4.38 5.04

Question Answer Mark
Number

4 (a)(i) Digital calipers have a smaller resolution [Accept converse] (1)

Calculation of percentage uncertainty using (half) resolution shown (1)
%U for Vernier = 0.8% and %U digital = 0.08% (1)
Hence the percentage uncertainty for digital calipers will be smaller (1) 4

Example of calculation
%U in Vernier reading = 0.05 / 6.6 × 100 = 0.8 %
%U in digital reading = 0.005 / 6.58 × 100 = 0.08 %

4 (a)(ii) Any PAIR from:

Repeat at different orientations and calculate a mean (1)
Hence reduces (the effect of) random errors (1)
Or
Check and correct for zero error [Accept suitable method] (1)
Hence eliminates systematic error (1) 2

4 (a)(iii) Mean d = 6.55 (mm) (1)

Calculation using half range shown [Accept furthest from mean] (1)
Uncertainty in d = 0.03 (mm) (1) 3

Example of calculation
Mean d = (6.57 + 6.58 + 6.54 + 6.52) / 4 = 26.21 / 4 = 6.55 (mm)
Uncertainty = (6.58 − 6.52) / 2 = 0.06 / 2 = 0.03 (mm)
 4 (b) Use of 2 × %U in s or d shown (1)
Calculation of U in s 2 or d 2 using 2 × %U shown (1)
Addition of U in s 2 and U in d 2 shown (1)
U = 0.011 (cm2) (1) 4

Example of calculation
%U in s 2= 2 × (0.02 / 16.83) × 100 = 2 × 0.12% = 0.24 %
U in s 2 = 1.6832 × 0.24 % = 6.80 × 10−3 cm2
%U in d 2= 2 × (0.04 / 8.55) × 100 = 2 × 0.47% = 0.94 %
U in d 2 = 0.8552 × 0.94 % = 6.87 × 10−3 cm2
U in A = (6.80 × 10−3 × √3) / 2 + (6.87 × 10−3 × π) / 4
= 5.89 × 10−3 + 5.40 × 10−3 = 0.011 cm2

Or

Use of correct absolute uncertainties for s and d

Use of maximum and minimum values to calculate limit of A shown
Correct value of maximum or minimum A
Subtraction to obtain uncertainty in A approximately 0.01 cm2

MP4 dependent on MP3

Example of calculation
minimum s 2 = (1.683 − 0.002)2 = 1.681 cm2
maximum d 2= (0.855 + 0.004)2 = 0.738 cm2
minimum A = √3 × 1.681/2 − π × 0.738/4 = 1.867 cm2
uncertainty in A = 1.88 − 1.867 = 0.013 cm2

4 (c)(i) Use of ρ = m / Ax (1)

ρ = 6.91 g cm−3 [3 s.f. only] (1) 2
[Accept 6.92 g cm−3]

Example of calculation
ρ = 10.3 / (1.88 × 0.792) = 10.3 / 1.49 = 6.91 g cm−3
4 (c)(ii) Calculation of %U in ρ shown (1)
Correct calculation of relevant limit using %U shown [e.c.f. (c)(i)] (1)
Conclusion based on comparison of limit and calculated ρ (1)
[MP3 dependent MP2]

Example of calculation
%U in ρ = (0.1 / 10.3) × 100 + (0.01 / 1.88) × 100 + (0.03 / 7.92) × 100
= 0.97 % + 0.53 % + 0.38 % = 1.88 %
Upper limit of ρ = 6.91 × (1 + 0.0188) = 7.04 g cm−3
As the upper limit is lower than 7.85 g cm−3 the hexagonal metal nut is not
made from steel.

Or

Use of maximum or minimum values shown (1)

Maximum ρ = 7.05 g cm−3
Or
Minimum ρ = 6.79 g cm3 (1)
Conclusion based on comparison of maximum or minimum ρ with
calculated ρ (1)
[MP3 dependent MP2]

Example of calculation
Maximum ρ = (10.3 + 0.1) / ((0.792 − 0.003) × (1.88 − 0.01) = 7.05 g cm−3
As the maximum value is lower than 7.85 g cm−3 the hexagonal metal nut is
not made from steel.

Or

Calculation of %U in ρ shown (1)

Correct calculation of relevant %D shown [e.c.f. (c)(i)] (1)
Conclusion based on comparison of %D and %U (1) 3
[MP3 dependent MP2]

Example of calculation
%U in ρ = (0.1 / 10.3) × 100 + (0.01 / 1.88) × 100 + (0.03 / 7.92) × 100
= 0.97 % + 0.53 % + 0.38 % = 1.88 %
%D = (7.85 − 6.91) / 7.85 × 100 = 12 %

As % D for lower value is greater than the %U then the hexagonal metal
nut is not made from steel.

Total for question 4 18

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