R. C.

Circuit

EXPERIN1ENT No. 3

Object : To study charge and discharge of a condenser through a resistor. Capactiors (50) uF.
APparatus required : D.C. supply (1S volt. 25 mÀ) Resistance (10 KO. SOk2),Stop clock.
1000uF), D.C. voltmeter (0- 25V), D.C. Milliammeter(0-10 nA). Toggle switches,
For1nula used :
() Charging equation for the capacitor, C through a resistor Ris given by
9=9% (1 -RC
corresponding cirrent
wieTe KC Is time constant and an is maximum charge acauired by thc capacitor. The
equation is
d - /RC CE
eRC =iheRC
dr RC RC
(2) The discharge equations rc
VRC

-I/RC R
and i=-io W
where in = E/R and tinc constant is RC. 10 K2
D.C
Procedure : SUPPLY 1000uf
(A)For charging of condenser : (15V) mA (o-25V)
() Link the circuit as shown in fig. 1. Switch. S is
(0-10mA)
open.
(ii) Cloae switch S, and simultaneously start a stop Fig (1).
clock.
decrease. Record readings ot
(ii) Reading in voltmeter will increase while current in miiliammeter will
maxinum and current a inimum.
voltmeter and milliammeter after every 1 sec. or 2 scc. till voltage rcaches a
(iv) Repeat the experiment by changing R and C.
(B) For discharge of condenser: S
(i) Link the circuit as shown in fig. 2. Kcep S, and
10 KN
S, switches open while S closed. D.C. +
SUPPLY S 1000ufF C
(iü) Close S, till reading in voltmeter reaches (15V) 0-25V)
maximum value.
Then open S. close S,. S, is already closed. mA
Condenser will start discharging across R. Reading in
voltmeter will decrease. Take reading of voltmeter after
every 1 or 2 seconds till reading becomes a minimum. (0-10mA)
Fig (2)
431E
432E Practical Physics

(ii) For discharge current, open S,. Ayain close S, so that reading in voltmeter reaches'a maximum. nn
Cpen r Open Sy, Close S,. Reading in milliammeter will start increasing. Take its readings after every I or
seconds.
(iv) Repeat the experiments by changing Rand C
Observations :
(A) For charging of condenser R=... ohm.
C=... uF.
Current nnA
S. No. Time Ses. Valtage Volts

(B) For discharge of condenser. R =... ohm

(Fig. 3 (a)
Calculations :
Plot a graph in voltage and timc. and other in current and time
(A) for charging of condenser :
& 3tb)).
Vn then
If maximum voltagc reached is
corresponding to the
time constant is the time Vo;
lo
Compare
point where the voltage is 0-63 Vo.
RC. 0-63V
it with theorctical value = : Plot one voLTAGE
CURRENT
(B) For discharge curves IN VOLTS IN MA
voltagc and time. and other in currcnt
graph in is the ime
constant which
and time. Find ime TIME IN SEC.
voltage is 037 TME IN SEC.
coresponding to thc point whcrevaluc.
theoretical
Vo Compare it with circuit from
(a)
Fig. 3
Result: Time constant of
the graph = .. scc. constant ... sec.
Theoretical value of ime
Precautions :
Sources of error and lcast counts.
bettcr to usc voltmeter and milliammeter having small
(i) Iis
be leaky. obscervations. should be used
(ii) Conidenscrs should not C. given quie a good number of
values of R and
(iii) Appropriate
 !
açcelllor.
genalis Marx
he Cam
construtel
low
wi nly Esfeu
eivoltrye
lscafa KiducAane
h and dem
becan syhm, audio
amplfe for wel 1t
Car Capaatrsbecan
eng Can stred t at
dauiy Can capacitor Ai.
can itcharpi Di:ckareletrie Cargi
stort ng
Cam
 1 MH

1o540 5

30
 DISCHARGING CUN

atiS 1 UN0.6N

12

NalTAGt
3164
13D
 Cha
Mon Tue Wed ThuFrl Sat Sun
Mon Tue Wed Thu Frl Sat Sun DATE

2s |2
Cwweut
Timt
2-9 -6-oS
lo

0-2

Q2

3S 6-) (laar o.3 9

Time
0.ortsois
(o
3s
2,
20