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    CSMLS Exam Guide Notes (Referrence Range)

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    software4us.2023
    This document provides reference ranges for numerous clinical laboratory tests including electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and calcium; blood gases; kidney and liver function tests; lipids; blood counts; coagulation studies; and more. Critical low and high values are indicated for some tests. Diabetes criteria and the differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes are also summarized.

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    CSMLS Exam Guide Notes (Referrence Range)

    Uploaded by

    software4us.2023
    223 views4 pages
    This document provides reference ranges for numerous clinical laboratory tests including electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and calcium; blood gases; kidney and liver function tests; lipids; blood counts; coagulation studies; and more. Critical low and high values are indicated for some tests. Diabetes criteria and the differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes are also summarized.

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    This document provides reference ranges for numerous clinical laboratory tests including electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and calcium; blood gases; kidney and liver function tests; lipids; blood counts; coagulation studies; and more. Critical low and high values are indicated for some tests. Diabetes criteria and the differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    223 views4 pages

    CSMLS Exam Guide Notes (Referrence Range)

    Uploaded by

    software4us.2023
    This document provides reference ranges for numerous clinical laboratory tests including electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and calcium; blood gases; kidney and liver function tests; lipids; blood counts; coagulation studies; and more. Critical low and high values are indicated for some tests. Diabetes criteria and the differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    CSMLS Exam Guide Notes (Reference Range)

    Sodium (criticals) - 135-150 mmol/L cL = < 1.75

    cL = < 125 cH = > 3.25;

    cH = > 155

    Calcium (ionized; criticals) - 1.15 - 1.35 mmol/L

    Potassium (criticals) - 3.5 - 5.0 mmol/L cL = 0.85

    cL = < 2.5 cH = 1.50

    cH = > 6.0

    CSF Glucose - 60% of plasma glucose levels

    Chloride - 98 - 108 mmol/L

    Criteria for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus - 1. Fasting Glu


    >/= 7.0 mmol/L
    Bicarbonate - 22 - 30 mmol/L
    2. 2h PP Glu >/= 11.1 mmol/L

    3. Random Glu >/= 11.1 mmol/L


    Anion gap (w/ K & w/o K) - w/ K = 10 - 20 mmol/L
    4. HbA1C >/= 6.5%
    w/o K = 5 - 15 mmol/L

    Type 1 diabetes mellitus - An absolute insulin deficiency


    Glucose (fasting; criticals) - 3.3 - 6.0 mmol/L
    with hyperglycemia due to destruction of pancreatic
    cL = </= 2.5 beta cells. 10-20% of cases; appears often in children
    and adolescents. Treatment requires administration of
    cH = >/= 25.0 exogenous insulin; patients much more prone to
    frequent ketoacidosis

    Glucose (random; criticals) - 3.3 - 11.0 mmol/L

    cL = <\= 2.5 type 2 diabetes mellitus - Due to insulin resistance, the


    secreted levels are insufficient to meet the body's needs
    cH = >\= 25.0 (relative insulin resistance). It affects mainly people
    over 40; disease is regulated by exercise and controlled
    eating. Ketoacidosis is rare, but hyperosmolar states
    Urea - 2.5 - 8.5 mmol/L may develop due to high Glu: may lead to dehydration,
    coma, and death.

    Creatinine (serum and urine) - Serum: 40 - 120 umol/L


    creatinine clearance formula - a fairly accurate
    Urine: 6.0 - 18.0 mmol/day
    measurement of the glomerular filtration rate:

    CC = (U/P)x(V/86400sec)x(1.73/A)
    Calcium (total; criticals) - 2.10 - 2.60 mmol/L

    1|Page
    CSMLS Exam Guide Notes (Reference Range)

    U (urinary) and P (plasma) is concentration of creatinine


    umol/L
    CK-MB - 0 - 16 U/L
    V is 24h urine volume

    A is patient's body surface area


    GGT - M: 0 - 60 U/L

    F: 0 - 35 U/L
    Glomerular Filtration Rate - Adults: 1.20 - 2.30 mL/sec

    Values below indicate renal impairment


    LD - 100 - 200 U/L

    Albumin - 35 - 50 g/L
    Lipase - 0 - 200 U/L

    ALP - 30 - 130 U/L


    Mg (criticals) - 0.65 - 1.05 mmol/L

    cL= <0.50 mmol/L


    ALT - 0 - 60 U/L
    cH= >1.50 mmol/L

    AST - 0 - 40 U/L
    Osmolality - 280 - 300 mOsm/kg

    Ammonia (cH) - 10 - 45 umol/L; cH= >110


    Phosphate (criticals) - 0.80 - 1.50 mmol/L

    cL= <0.30 mmol/L


    Amylase - 0 - 100 U/L
    cH= >3.00 mmol/L

    beta hCG - 0 - 5 IU/L


    Protein (Total) - 60 - 80 g/L

    Bilirubin (Total [cH] & Direct) - Total: 0 - 20 umol/L; cH=


    Triglycerides - 0.30 - 2.30 mmol/L
    >300

    Direct: 0 - 4 umol/L
    Troponin I - </= 0.02 ug/L

    Cholesterol - 3.60 - 8.00 (<5.20) mmol/L


    Uric Acid - M: 200 - 500 umol/L

    F: 150 - 450 umol/L


    CK - M: 0 - 180 U/L

    F: 0 - 150 U/L
    2|Page
    CSMLS Exam Guide Notes (Reference Range)

    ABG - pH (criticals) - 7.35 - 7.45 WBC Count - 4.0-10.0 x 109/L

    cL= <7.20

    cH= >7.60 RBC Count - M: 4.7 - 6.1 x 1012/L

    F: 4.2 - 5.4 x 10^12/L

    ABG - pCO2 (criticals) - 35 - 45 mmHg

    cL= <20 mmHg Hgb - M: 140-180g/L

    cH= >70 mmHg F: 120-160g/L

    ABG - HCO3 (criticals) - 22-26 mmol/L Hct - M: 0.42-0.52L/L

    cL= <10 mmol/L F: 0.37-0.47L/L

    cH = >40 mmol/L

    RDW - 11.4-14.5%

    ABG - pO2 (cL) - 75 - 85 mmHg

    cL= <45 mmHg MCV (calc + ref) - MCV = Hct/RBC

    80-100fL

    UA - UBG - 3 - 17 umol/L

    MCH (calc + ref) - MCH = Hgb/RBC

    UA - SG - 1.003 - 1.030 27-31pg

    UA - pH - 5.5 - 8.0 MCHC (calc + ref) - MCHC = Hgb/Hct

    320-360g/L

    SPE - Protein, Albumin, Alpha 1, Alpha 2, Beta, Gamma -


    Total Protein: 60 - 80 g/L
    PLT Count - 150-400 x109/L
    Albumin: 35 - 50 g/L

    Alpha 1: 0.6 - 2.4 g/L


    Retic Count (relative & absolute) - 0.5-2.0%
    Alpha 2: 4.0 - 10.0 g/L
    24-84 x109/L
    Beta: 4.0 - 11.0 g/L

    Gamma: 3.0 - 13.0 g/L


    ESR - M: 0-15 mm

    F: 0-20 mm

    3|Page
    CSMLS Exam Guide Notes (Reference Range)

    Lymphs (relative & absolute) - 20-40%

    0.8-4.0 x109/L

    Neuts (relative & absolute) - 50-70%

    2.0-7.0 x109/L

    Bands (relative & absolute) - 2-6%

    0.08-0.60 x109/L

    Monos (relative & absolute) - 2-9%

    0.08-0.90 x109/L

    Eos (relative & absolute) - 2-4%

    0.08-0.40 x109/L

    Basos (relative & absolute) - 1-2%

    0.04-0.20 x109/L

    PT - 11-13 sec

    APTT - 20-35 sec

    Fibrinogen - 1.6 - 4.1 g/L

    D Dimer - <0.5 um/mL

    4|Page

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