Date and Time Functions

Excel provides many functions to work with dates and times.

NOW and TODAY

You can get the current date with the TODAY function and the current date
and time with the NOW Function. Technically, the NOW function returns
the current date and time, but you can format as time only, as seen below:

Easily add Date

and Time to your
Excel files using
Note: these are volatile functions and will recalculate with every work-
these functions
sheet change. If you want a static value, use date and time shortcuts.

DATE SHORTCUT: This shortcut will insert the current date as a fixed
value; it will not change.

TIME SHORCUT: This shortcut will insert the current time as a fixed value;
it will not change. [Note: In Mac 2016, Control Shift : stopped working to
insert a time. Command ; now seems to work.]

More excel shortcuts.

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DAY, MONTH, YEAR, and DATE Did you know?
You can use the DAY, MONTH, and YEAR functions to disassemble any
date into its raw components, and the DATE function to put things back Excel dates are serial
together again. numbers that start in
the year 1900.

Excel times are fractions

of the number 1.

Both dates and times

are numbers that can be
used in math operations.

HOUR, MINUTE, SECOND, and TIME

Excel provides a set of parallel functions for times. You can use the HOUR,
MINUTE, and SECOND functions to extract pieces of a time, and you can
assemble a TIME from individual components with the TIME function.

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DATEDIF and YEARFRAC Quick Navigation
ABS AGGREGATE AND
You can use the DATEDIF function to get time between dates in years,
AVERAGE AVERAGEIF
months, or days. DATEDIF can also be configured to get total time in “nor-
AVERAGEIFS CEILING
malized” denominations, i.e. “2 years and 5 months and 27 days”.
CHAR CHOOSE CLEAN
CODE COLUMN COLUMNS
CONCAT CONCATENATE
CONVERT COUNT COUNTA
COUNTBLANK COUNTIF
COUNTIFS DATE DATEDIF
DAY EDATE EOMONTH
EXACT FILTER FIND
FLOOR GETPIVOTDATA
HLOOKUP HOUR
HYPERLINK IF IFERROR
IFNA IFS INDEX INDIRECT
INT ISBLANK ISERROR
ISEVEN ISFORMULA
ISLOGICAL ISNUMBER
The DATEDIF function is a good way to calculate age from a birthday. See ISODD ISTEXT LARGE
this example formula. LEFT LEN LOOKUP LOWER
MATCH MAX MAXIFS
Use YEARFRAC to get fractional years: MID MIN MINIFS MINUTE
MOD MODE MONTH
MROUND NETWORKDAYS
NOT NOW OFFSET OR
PROPER RAND RANDARRAY
RANDBETWEEN RANK
REPLACE RIGHT ROUND
ROUNDDOWN ROUNDUP
ROW ROWS SEARCH
SECOND SEQUENCE
SMALL SORT SORTBY
SUBSTITUTE SUBTOTAL
SUM SUMIF SUMIFS
SUMPRODUCT TEXT
TEXTJOIN TIME TODAY
TRANSPOSE TRIM
UNIQUE UPPER VLOOKUP
WEEKDAY WEEKNUM
WORKDAY XLOOKUP
XMATCH YEAR YEARFRAC

Table of Contents

101 EXCEL FUNCTIONS 5

EDATE and EOMONTH
A common task with dates is to shift a date forward (or backward) by a
given number of months. You can use the EDATE and EOMONTH functions
for this. EDATE moves by month and retains the day. EOMONTH works the
same way, but always returns the last day of the month.

Shift dates Forward

(or Backward)
using EDATE
VIDEO
How to highlight
expiration dates

101 EXCEL FUNCTIONS 6

WORKDAY and NETWORKDAYS
To figure out a date n working days in the future, you can use the
WORKDAY function. To calculate the number of workdays between two
dates, you can use NETWORKDAYS.

VIDEO
How to calculate
due dates with
WORKDAY

Practice
worksheets
included with
online Video
Training

Note: Both functions automatically skip weekends (Saturday and Sunday)

and will also skip holidays, if provided. If you need more flexibility on what
days are considered weekends, see the WORKDAY.INTL function and
NETWORKDAYS.INTL function.

101 EXCEL FUNCTIONS 7

WEEKDAY and WEEKNUM
To figure out the day of week from a date, Excel provides the WEEKDAY
function. WEEKDAY returns a number between 1-7 that indicates Sunday,
Monday, Tuesday, etc. Use the WEEKNUM function to get the week number
in a given year.

See this formula to calculate sales per weekday.

FORMULA
Get the monday of
the week

101 EXCEL FUNCTIONS 8