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Finishing Processes

This document describes various finishing processes that can be used in a metal workshop to protect and improve the appearance of metal articles. It discusses polishing, blueing, painting, enameling, electroplating, lacquering, buffing, planishing, deburring, oil blacking, and varnishing. For each process, it provides details on the materials and equipment used and steps in the procedure.

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97 views4 pages

Finishing Processes

This document describes various finishing processes that can be used in a metal workshop to protect and improve the appearance of metal articles. It discusses polishing, blueing, painting, enameling, electroplating, lacquering, buffing, planishing, deburring, oil blacking, and varnishing. For each process, it provides details on the materials and equipment used and steps in the procedure.

Uploaded by

lilianwakio2016
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FINISHING PROCESSES, TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

TYPES OF FINISHING PROCESSES;

Articles in metal shop can be finished to protect the worksurface and also to improve their
appearance. Not only a carelessly finished article looks unattractive to the user but also the
lifespan is reduced due to the oxidation. The processes that can be used in the workshop include;
Polishing Painting, Varnishing, Oil blacking, Bluing, Deburring, Electroplating, Enameling
Buffing etc.
Polishing
Metals can be polished in the workshop with abrasive materials such as emery abrasive bonded
to cloth backing or wet and dry paper. Always use the coarse grade first before using fine grade.
For nonferrous metals use;
 Remove scratches using a file and a scraper
 Use fine emery cloth
 Finish off on the buffing machine.
 Clean with cotton or free dirt rag
Blueing
Blueing involves heating a metal until a blue oxide film is formed on the polished surface.it is
then quickly quenched in the oil to form a protective coating. Blued work is more attractive and
harder than polished work and can also resist corrosion. The process is as follows;
 Polish the work
 Heat it in the oven or over the stove until a blue film oxide forms on the surface.
 Remove it and quench in the oil.
Painting
Painting using cellulose based or resin-based paint produces work that only looks good but can
also resist corrosion. This process requires a lot of skills if good results are to be achieved. You
can use the brush or the spraying machine but spraying machine gives good results.
The work can also be dipped in the paint.
The process is as follows;
 Clean the articles to be painted by degreasing or by removing any scale.
 Apply thin layer of the paint to the workpiece.
 Hang on already prepared hook and allow to dry before drying.
Enameling
Cooling utensils, service plates, machinery and fittings are often enameled. Enameling enables
articles to withstand acids and oils. This process involves coating the surface of the workpiece
using a special paint and baking it in the oven. The finished article assumes a hard glossy
surface.
Electroplating
This process allows expensive metals to be electrodeposited on other metals by means of an
electric current passed through an electrolyte. The metals that are usually used include nickels,
chromium, cadmium and nickels. Typical articles that are electroplated include bathroom fittings
and kitchen wares. The electrolyte is mixed in iron vats
The process is as follows;
Clean and degrease the workpiece
Hang it on the cathode and hang the metals to be electroplating(copper) on the anode.
Pass the current through the electrolyte.

Lacquering
This is the process of applying a finishing material called lacquer onto the surface of an article to
preserve it. this is usually done on food cans, vehicle and decorative work.
Lacquer can either be tinted or clear. The articles to be lacquered must be clean, free of dust and
grease. After cleaning the workpiece must not be touched by hand before applying the lacquer to
ensure no finger marks are left behind. Lacquers can be applied by spraying, dipping or brushing.
Buffing
This is the process used to produce a smooth and shiny finish on a metal surface. This is done by
using buffing wheels mounted on a grinder, lather or drill press, after hand polishing the surface.
Procedure for buffing;
 The buffing wheel should be mounted on the grinder, lathe or drill press.
 The wheel is then charged with the appropriate polishing compound. The stick of the
polishing compound is held lightly against the rotating wheel, slightly below the Centre
 The work is then held against the rotating wheel slightly below the center
 the work is washed with hot water and dried with a clean cloth after final buffing.

Planishing
This is the process of making smooth, even, decorative dents (called facets) on the surface of
metal articles. The process is done by the use of planishing hammers and stakes.

Deburring
Deburring is the process of chamfering or rounding sharp corners formed on a metallic part
during the machining process. Deburring can also remove the raised edges and small pieces of
material that may remain attached to a workpiece after it has been machined by a cutting tool or
grinding wheel.
Oil blacking
The following process are carried out;

 Prepare the surface of the component, through the use of hand tools, such as files and the
use of wet and dry paper / emery cloth.
 Ensure that all surfaces are clean of dirt and grease.
 Heat the component to ‘red’ heat, on a brazing hearth.
 Using tongs and wearing protective clothing, drop the ‘red’ hot component into a steel
container of old engine oil.
 Remove the component, after it has cooled sufficiently, using tongs and place it on a
metal plate or an anvil and allow to cool fully.
 The resulting finish, will be dark satin in colour and will be corrosion resistant.

Varnishing
 It’s done to protect the paint from dirt and grime.
 Allow the paint to dry for 72hrs.
 Apply a layer of binder medium to act as an isolation between the varnish and the paint.
 Three coats of satin or water based are applied allowing 12-24 hours of drying.

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