Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

Spring Semester 2023-24

MAC-102 (Discrete Mathematics)
Assignment 2 (Counting)

(1) How many triangles are determined by the vertices of a regular 12-sided polygon?
(2) Prove that product of any consecutive n natural numbers is divisible by n!.
(3) (a) How many even numbers are there in the range 1000 − 9999 which have no repeated
digits?
(b) Answer the above problem, in case
(i) first two digits are even.
(ii) first two digits are odd.
(iii) first digit even, second odd.
(iv) first digit odd, second even.
Are above cases exhaustive?
(4) In how many ways is it possible to sit seven knights a round table if
(a) Friday, Saturday and Sunday sit together
(b) Wednesday refuses to sit next to Saturday or Sunday.
(5) From a lot of 100 labelled oranges (stickered o1 , o2 ...o100 ), 20 are to be for a tested for a
size feature. These oranges are then put back and 20 from the total lot are now to be
tested for a weight feature.
(a) In how many ways can first selection be made?
(b) In how many ways can second selection be made?
(c) In how many ways can both selection be made?
(d) In how many ways can both selection be made if exactly 5 of them undergo both
tests?
(6) In how many ways can 30 dolls be placed on 7 different shelves?
(7) A committee wants to award one scholarship of Type A, two scholarships of type B, and
five of type C. There are 13 potential candidates. In how many ways scholarships may
be distributed?
(8) Find the number of integer solutions of x1 + x2 + x3 = 15, if
(a) x1 ≥ 1, x2 ≥ 1, x3 ≥ 1.
(b) x1 ≥ 0, x2 > 0, x3 = 1.
(c) 0 ≤ x1 < 6, 1 ≤ x2 < 9, x3 ≥ 0.
(9) A postman has to deliver 7 letters with 7 distinct residential addresses. In how many
ways can he deliver letters so that
(a) all letters arrive at the right house.
(b) no letter arrives at the right house.
(c) exactly one letter arrives at right house.
(d) at least one letter arrives at right house.
(10) Suppose the Sieve of Eratosthenes is used to enumerate all primes between 1 and 100.
How many integers will remain after first five steps of procedure, where ith step means
deleting multiples of ith prime, primes being taken in increasing order.
(11) Show that 97 is 25th prime.
(12) (a) Of 30 personal computers, owned by faculty members in a certain university de-
partment, 20 do not have A drives, eight have 19-inch monitors, 25 are running
Windows-XP, 20 have atleast two of these properties, and six have all the three.
(i) How many PCs have at least one of these properties?
(ii) How many have none of these properties?
(iii) How many have exactly one property?
(iv) How many have exactly two of these properties?
(b) Suppose 18 of the 30 PCs (as above) have Pentium III processors including 10 of
those running Windows, all of those with 19-inch monitors, and 15 of those with
1
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CD-ROM drives. Suppose also that every computer has atleast one of the four
features now specified. How many have atleast 3 features?
(13) In a group of 100 people, atleast how many have birthdays in the same month?
(14) In a 12-day period, a small business mailed 195 bills to customers. Show that during
some period of three consecutive days atleast 49 bills were mailed.
(15) Bret has 5 weeks to prepare for his driver’s test. his mother volunteers to drive with
him for either 15 minutes or half hour every day until the test, but not for more than
15 hours in all. Show that during some period of consecutive days, Bret and his mother
will drive exactly eight and three quarter hours.
(16) Of any 26 points within a rectangle measuring 20cm by 15cm, show that at least two
are within 5 cm of each other.
(17) Show that in any group of 10 people, there is either a set of three mutual strangers or a
set of four mutual friends.
(18) In each of the following, find the coefficient of stated term in the given expression.
(a) x16 , (2x2 − x2 )12
(b) x2 y 3 z 5 , (x + y + z)10
(c) x7 , (1 − 2x + x3 )6
(d) a2 x3 , (a + x 2
√+ c) (a 2+ x + d)5
3
3 4
(e) a x , (a + ax + x) (a + x)
(19) In the expansion of (x3 − x12 )n , where n ∈ N, the sum of coefficients of x5 and x5 is 0.
Find n.
(20) What is the number of terms in the expansion of (w + x + y + z)12 ?
(21) What is the sum of coefficients of the terms of degree m in the expansion of
(1 + x)n (1 + y)n (1 + z)n ?
Find a simple expression for Σnk=1 k nk and prove your answer.


(22)
(23) Let Ci denote n Ci , n ∈ N, prove the following:
(a) C0 + 2C1 + 3C2 + ... + (n + 1)Cn = (n + 2)2n−1 .
(b) C02 + 2C12 + ... + (n + 1)Cn2 = ( n2 + 1)2n Cn .
(c) C20 − C31 + C42 − C53 ... + n terms = (n+1)(n+2)
1
.
n
C12 C22 Cn 2 (−1) 2 n!
(d) C02 − 2 + 3 ... + (−1)n n+1 = n+1 ( n !)2
.
2

Answers
(1) 220

(3a) 2296 (3(b)i) 336 (3(b)ii) 700 (3(b)iii) 560 (3(b)iv) 700

(4a) 144 (4b) 288

100 100 100 100 100 95 80 100 20 80











(5a) 20 (5b) 20 (5c) 20 × 20 ) (5d) 5 × 15 15 or 20 × 5 × 15

36


(6) 30 (7) 216216 (8a) 91 (8b) 14 (8c) 168

(9a) 1 (9b) D7 (9c) 7 × D6 (9d) 7! − D7 , where Dn = n!(1 − 1!1 + 2!1 − ...(−1)n n!

1
), n ∈ N.

(10) 25

(12(a)i) 27 (12(a)ii) 3 (12(a)iii) 7 (12(a)iv) 14 (12b) 12 (13) 9

10
495

8
10! 5

7

5


(18a) 16 (18b) 2 3 = 2!3!5! (18c) 360 (18d) 2 (18e) 3 + 2

15 3n
(22) n2n



(19) 15 (20) 12 (21) m