Array & Matrix

Nguyễn Đức Huy – [email protected]

Agenda
1. Array
2. Matrix
3. Sawtooth Array
4. References

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 2
 1
Arrray
Image in memory

index 0 1 2 3 4

5 7 2 4 9

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 4
Define array
DataType[ ] variableName;
Or
DataType variableName [ ];

1 // Define int array

2 int[] arr1;
3 // Define long array
4 long[] arr2;
5 // Define float array
6 float[] arr3;
7 // Define double array
8 double[] arr4;
9 // Define boolean array
10 boolean[] arr5;
11 // Define string array
12 String[] arr6

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 5
Memory allocation
Option 1 DataType[] variableName = new DataType [n] ;
Option 2 DataType[] variableName;
variableName = new DataType[n];
1 // Define and allocation for int array
2 int[] arr1 = new int[5];// a.length = 5
3 // Define and allocation for long array
4 long[] arr2 = new long[5];// a.length = 5
5 // Define and allocation for float array
6 float[] arr3 = new float[7];//a.length = 7
7 // Define and allocation for double array
8 double[] arr4 = new double[7];//a.length = 7
9 // Define and allocation for boolean array
10 boolean[] arr5 = new boolean[8];//a.length = 8
11 // Define and allocation for string array
12 String[] arr6 = new String[6];//a.length = 6
13

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 6
Initialize
1 // Option 1
2 int[] arr = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}; //a.length = 5
3 // Option 2
4 int [] arr = new int[5];
5 arr[0]=1;
6 arr[1]=3;
7 arr[2]=5;
8 arr[3]=7;
9 arr[4]=9;

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 7
Init
1 // Init long array
2 long[] arr1 = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}; //a.length = 5
3 // Init float array
4 float[] arr2 = {1.3, 3.2, 5.5}; //a.length = 3
5 // Init double array
6 double[] arr2 = {2.3, 7.2, 9.5};//a.length= 3
7 // Init string array
8 String[] ngay = {
9 "Sunday","Monthday","Tuesday",
10 "Wednesday","Thurday","Friday","Staturday"
11 };//a.length= 7

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 8
foreach - statement
// variableName is item in array
for (DataType variableName : arrayName){
Block code;
}

1 System.out.println("Number of items in array " + a.length);

2 for (int item : a){
3 System.out.println(item);
4 }

1 System.out.println("Number of items in array " + a.length);

2 for (int i=0 ; i<a.length; i++){
3 System.out.println(a[i]);
4 }

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 9
Input/output one-dimensional array
1 // Input aray
2 System.out.print("Enter number of items: ");
3 int n = Integer.parseInt(scan.nextLine());
4 int [] a = new int [n]; //a.Length = n
5 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
6 System.out.print("a["+i+"]=");
7 a[i] = Integer.parseInt(scan.nextLine());
8 }
9 // output use for
10 System.out.println("Output array with for");
11 System.out.println("Number of items is " + a.length);
12 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)
13 {
14 System.out.println(a[i]);
15 }
16 // output use foreach
17 System.out.println("Output array with foreach");
18 System.out.println("Number of items is " + a.length);
19 for (int pt : a)
20 {
21 System.out.println(pt);
22 }

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 10
Sum all items in array
1 // use for
2 int s = 0;
3 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)
4 {
5 s = s + a[i];
6 }
7 System.out.println("s = {0}", s);
8
9 // use foreach
10 s = 0;
11 for (int pt : a)
12 {
13 s = s + pt;
14 }
15 System.out.println("s = " + s);

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 11
Sort increase (Selection Sort)
1 int i, j;
2 int min, temp;
3 for (i = 0; i < a.length - 1; i++)
4 {
5 min = i;
6 for (j = i + 1; j < a.length; j++)
7 {
8 if (a[j] < a[min])
9 {
10 min = j;
11 }
12 }
13 temp = a[i];
14 a[i] = a[min];
15 a[min] = temp;
16 }

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 12
Exercises
§ Developing a program with:
§ Input one-dimensional array
§ Sum of items
§ Find MAX item
§ Sort increase
§ Print array to console

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 13
 2
Matrix
Image in memory Column index

0 1 2 3 4

0 5 7 2 4 9

Row index 1 3 2 0 1 4

2 6 1 9 2 3

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 15
Define matrix
DataType [][] variableName;
Or
DataType variableName [][];
1 // Define int matrix
2 int[][] arr1;
3 // Define long matrix
4 long[][] arr2;
5 // Define float matrix
6 float[][] arr3;
7 // Define double matrix
8 double[][] arr4;
9 // Define boolean matrix
10 boolean[][] arr5;
11 // Define String matrix
12 String[][] arr6;

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 16
Memory allocation
Option 1 DataType[][] matrixName = new DataType [n][m] ;
Option 2 DataType[][] matrixName;
matrixName = new DataType [n][m];
n Number of rows : matrixName.length
m Number of columns : matrixName [i].length
1 // Define and allocation int matrix
2 int[][] arr1 = new int[3][5];
3 int numRow = a.length; //numRow = 3
4 int numColumn = a[i].length; //numColumn = 5
5 // Define and allocation long matrix
6 long[][] arr2 = new long[5][6];
7 int numRow = a.length; //numRow = 5
8 int numColumn = a[i].length;; //numColumn = 6
9 // Define and allocation float matrix
10 float[][] arr3 = new float[7][9];
11 int numRow = a.length; //numRow = 7
12 int numColumn = a[i].length; //numColumn = 9

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 17
Initialize 1
2
3
// Option 1
int[][] a = {
{ 1, 2 },
4 { 3, 4 },
5 { 5, 6 },
6 { 7, 8 }
7 };
8 int numRow = a.length; //numRow = 4
9 int numColumn = a[i].length; //numColumn = 2
10
11 // Option 2
12 int [][] a = new int[4][2];
13 int numRow = a.length; //numRow = 4
14 int numColumn = a[0].length; //numColumn = 2
15 int k = 1;
16 for (int i = 0; i < numRow; i++)
17 {
18 for (int j = 0; j < numColumn; j++)
19 {
20 a[i][j]=k++;
21 }
22 }

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 18
Input matrix
1 // Input matrix
2 int[][] a;
3 System.out.print("Enter number of rows: ");
4 int n = Integer.parseInt(scan.nextLine());
5 System.out.print("Enter number of column: ");
6 int m = Integer.parseInt(scan.nextLine());
7 a=new int[n][m];
8 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++){
9 for (int j = 0; j < a[i].length; j++){
10 System.out.print("a[" + i + "][" + j + "] = ");
11 a[i][j] = Integer.parseInt(scan.nextLine());
12 }
13 }
14

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 19
Output matrix
1 // Output matrix
2 System.out.println("Number of rows :" + a.length);
3 System.out.println("Number of columns : {0}", a[0].length);
4 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++){
5 for (int j = 0; j < a[i].length; j++) {
6 System.out.print(a[i][j]+"\t");
7 }
8 System.out.println();
9 }
10

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 20
Sum all items in matrix
1 int s = 0;
2 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++){
3 for (int j = 0; j < a[i].length; j++){
4 s = s + a[i][j];
5 }
6 }
7 System.out.println("s=" + s);

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 21
Exercises
§ Developing a program with:
§ Input matrix
§ Sum of items in matrix
§ Find MAX items
§ Sort increase by Columns
§ Sort increase by Rows
§ Print matrix

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 22
 3
Sawtooth Array
Image in memory

0 1 2 3 4

0 5 7 2 4 Number of columns = 4

Row index 1 3 2 0 Number of columns = 3

Number of rows = 3 2 6 1 9 2 3 Number of columns = 5

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 24
Define
DataType [][] variableName;
Or
DataType variableName [][];
1 // Define int two-dimensional array
2 int[][] arr1;
3 // Define long two-dimensional array
4 long[][] arr2;
5 // Define float two-dimensional array
6 float[][] arr3;
7 // Define double two-dimensional array
8 double[][] arr4;
9 // Define boolean two-dimensional array
10 boolean[][] arr5;
11 // Define String two-dimensional array
12 String[][] arr6;

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 25
Memory allocation
Option 1 DataType[][] arrayName = new DataType [n][] ;
Option 2 Datatype[][] arrayName;
arrayName = new DataType [n][];
n Number of rows : arrayName.length

1 // Define and allocate int sawtooth array

2 int[][] arr1 = new int[3][];
3 int numRow = arr1.length; //numRow = 3
4 // Define and allocate long sawtooth array
5 long[][] arr2 = new long[5][];
6 int numRow = arr2.length; //numRow = 5
7 // Define and allocate float sawtooth array
8 float[][] arr3 = new float[7][];
9 int numRow = arr3.length; //numRow = 7

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 26
Initialize
1 int[][] a = {
2 { 1, 2 },
3 { 3, 4, 5 },
4 { 5, 6 , 7, 8 },
5 { 7, 8 ,9 ,10 }
6 };
7 int numRow = a.length; //numRow = 4
8 int numColumn = a[i].length; //numColumn in row i

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 27
Input sawtooth array
1 // Input sawtooth array
2 int[][] a;
3 System.out.print("Enter number of row: ");
4 int n = Integer.parseInt(scan.nextLine());
5 a=new int[n][];
6 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++){
7 System.out.print("Enter number of clumn at row " + i);
8 int m = Integer.parseInt(scan.nextLine());
9 a[i]=new int[m];
10 for (int j = 0; j < a[i].length; j++) {
11 System.out.print("a[" + i + "][" + j + "] = ");
12 a[i][j] = Integer.parseInt(scan.nextLine());
13 }
14 }

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 28
 Output sawtooth array
1 // Output sawtooth array
2 System.out.println("Number of row is " + a.length);
3 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++){
4 System.out.println("Number of column at row " + i + " is " + a[i].length);
5 for (int j = 0; j < a[i].length; j++){
6 System.out.print(a[i][j] + "\t");
7 }
8 System.out.println();
9 }
10

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 29
Sum all items
1 int s = 0;
2 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++){
3 for (int j = 0; j < a[i].length; j++){
4 s = s + a[i][j];
5 }
6 }
7 System.out.println("s = " + s);

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 30
Exercises
§ Developing a program with:
§ Input sawtooth array
§ Sum of items in sawtooth array
§ Find row which have MAX sum of items
§ Print sawtooth array

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 31
 4
References
 References
§ Books
§ Nguyễn Hoàng Anh, slide and video for Java programming course,
FIT@HCMUS, 2010
§ The Java Language Specification Third Edition (2005)
§ Online references
§ Java documentation: https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/

| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 33
| Software Engineering Dept. – FIT@HCMUS Nguyễn Đức Huy - Java Programming 10/21/21 34