CHAPTER 1

The Problem and Its Scope

Making the choice of profession means a lot for the students in terms

of guiding and shaping the life. Career choices is a complex and

developmental process that involves multiple decisions. It is most important

event in the students life. However, Hussain (2015) believes that personality

has been viewed as source of person’s attitude exhibited on the workplace of

students. Career choices is not only selecting an occupation that is good

match with the person’s personality. Success, satisfaction, and happiness

depend on how students accurately chooses career. It involves not a single

decision but a series of decisions (Alkhelil, 2016).

According to Vedel (2017), having learned personality traits can lead

to improved performance, and aspects of academic performance can

determine whether students succeed or fail. While for Tamang and Oliva

(2022), personality factors have an impact on senior high school Filipino

students’ communicative ability and classroom learning experiences. A

person’s personality is defined as their set of behavioral patterns that are

thought to be particular to them. The desire to engage, socialize, and, most

importantly, deal with the processing of learning any concept in an orderly

form can be gradually influenced by a variety of variables, and thus serves as

a means of exhibiting the true spirit and meaningful traits.

Moreover, Nyamwange (2016) notes that career once chosen will

probably affect individuals throughout the lives. On the other hand, based on

1
the study of Lupas and Farin (2021), there’s a plenty of external factors that

greatly contribute students way of choosing the profession. It will base on the

personal knowledge, skills, and interest. Choosing a career is a lifelong

process that encompasses many different factors. And with that, according to

Limjuco et.al (2018), students are in trouble of choosing their career most

likely their decisions are influenced by some factors.

Every student is unique, the personality traits play a significant role in

shaping the interests, preferences, and the strengths. An individual’s ability to

a adapt to a certain work or organization depends on the personality (Mullola,

Hakulinen, and Elovainio, 2018). These can be aligned with the students

personalities. Because of this traits, students embarked on the educational

journey as to what career students will choose, of which will serve significantly

and influences the learning. The academic satisfaction, performance, and

overall wellbeing of learners will differ relevantly.

Because students are in trouble of choosing their career most likely

their decisions are influenced by some factors. Senior high school students

need a lot of professional advice especially when it comes in choosing their

careers. It is in this period, where students are advised to prepare for their

future worthwhile occupations. Pascual (2015), stated that choosing the

perfect career that will fit is one of the most important and crucial decision that

every person has to make. This can be one of the measures whether an

individual will be successful in the future or not. At this stage, self- realization,

role try-outs, occupational exploration in schools and finding the first job is the

tentative step. It is in this stage when teenager needs guidance in the proper

selection of their desired career.

2
 However, there are some research that proves otherwise. For example,

Abdullah in 2016 found out that there is no significant relationship between

personality traits and career choices in his study of personality traits and

career choices. The study revealed the distinctions and uniqueness of mixed

patterns across personalities and discovered that just one personality had an

impact on students' choice of career.

3
 Significance of the Study

The study of personality traits and career choices among Grade 12

Senior High School students holds significant rule in the field of education and

career development. As students stand on the cusp of making pivotal

decisions about the futures, understanding how students inherent personality

traits may influence these choices is paramount. This research not only

provides insight into the individuality of students but also assists educators,

counselor, and parents in guiding students toward career paths that align with

the natural inclinations and strength.

This research will be of benefit to the Department of Education

Officials, School Head, teachers, parents, students, and future researchers.

Department of Education Officials. The result of this study will be

beneficial to the Department of Education Officials, through this research

information it can be use to tailor academic programs, counseling services,

and career guidance initiatives to better meet the needs of students.

School Head. School head can use the study’s findings to enhance the

overall educational experience within the institution. They can make data

driven decisions regarding curriculum development, and resource allocation.

Teachers. Teachers can benefit by gaining a deeper understanding of

their students personalities and career aspirations. Through this study it

allows educators to provide more personalized guidance, mentorship and

support, ultimately helping students excel academically and make informed

career choices. The study served as a reference for future programs for

teacher development that will lead to better prepare students to be college

4
ready. The findings of the study could help them work more effectively and

efficiently.

Parents. Parents can use the study’s insights to engage in more

constrictive conversation with the student about the career aspirations. It

enables parents to be more supportive and informed advocates for their

students educational and career journey.

Students. Grade 12 students themselves are among the primary

beneficiaries. The study can help them gain self-awareness about their

personality traits and how they relate to potential career paths.

Future Researchers. The study will serve as reference for future

researches. This can be a guide for future researchers in doing research

papers, and the findings can be use for additional information they would

need to improve their research related to this study. Additionally, future

researcher can build upon this study findings, potentially expanding the

knowledge base on personality traits and career choices.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine if there is a significant relationship

between the personality traits and career choices of Grade 12 Senior High

School students:

1. What is the level of personality traits of Grade 12 Senior High School

students in terms of:

1.1 Openness

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 1.2 Conscientiousness

1.3 Extraversion

2. What is the level of career choices of Grade 12 Senior High School

students in terms of:

2.1 Environment

2.2 Effect of Opportunity

2.3 Effect of Personality

3. Is there a significant relationship between the personality traits and

career choices of Grade 12 Senior High School students?

Hypothesis

The hypothesis of this study will be tested at 0.05 level of significance.

Ho1. There is no significant relationship between the personality traits

and career choices of Grade 12 Senior High School students.

Theoretical Framework

The study will be anchored on the Holland’s theory of career choice

(1997), which states that in order to make an informed career decision many

factors have to be taken into account, such as the individual’s unique

characteristics, values, interests, skills, and personality. Career satisfaction

contributes significantly to the general happiness, stability and well-being of

students. In order to experience career satisfaction, an individual has to first

make a fitting or appropriate career choice. Individuals will select, and be

6
more content in a work environment that corresponds to their personality type,

attributes, decision-making style, and career maturity.

Furthermore, this study will also anchor on the motivated theory of

Watson and Stead (1999) supported the theory of Holland and pronounced

that a clear understanding of the characteristics of the individual who is

making the career choice involves the investigation of the characteristics of

the chosen work environment in order to ensure the best possible ‘goodness

of fit’ or match. In short, the better the match the more likely the individual is to

adjust to, and thrive in, the chosen field of work.

The research also included Ajzen (1991) of Planned Behavior (TPB)

wherein the individual’s behavior is best predicted by one’s intentions;

intentions are, in turn, predicted by attitudes about the behavior, the subjective

norms encasing the execution of the behavior, and the individual’s perception

of their control over the behavior. As this theory suggests, attitude triggers

intention and intention shapes behavior. The current project applies this

theory to students’ career choice behavior and investigates personality as a

factor that influences attitude towards career aspiration.

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 Conceptual Framework

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Personality Traits Career Choices

• Openness  Environment

 Effect of Opportunity
• Conscientiousness
 Effect of Personality
• Extraversion

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the Study

8
 Review of Related Literature

This section will discuss the related literature of this study. The

independent variable of this study will be personality traits with three

indicators including openness, conscientiousness, and extraversion. The

dependent variable will be the career choices. The indicator for this variable

are environment, effect of opportunity, and effect of personality.

Personality Traits

Personality traits are defined as a distinctive thought, feeling, and

behavior patterns are reflected in their personality traits. Personality qualities

suggest stability and consistency (Diener and Lucas, 2022). Personality traits

reflect people’s characteristic pattern of thoughts, feelings and behaviors. It is

the characteristic and qualities that help define you as a unique individual. It

reflects basic dimensions on which people differ. Personality refers to one's

perception of themselves and one's understanding of how specific behaviors

are interpreted and displayed in the environment in which one lives (Cherry,

2018).

Personality traits are aspects of personality that are relatively stable

over time, differ across individuals and are relatively consistent over situations

(Anusic and Schimmack, 2016). Students often exhibit a combination of the

traits that make up student’s personality, because it is complex and people

often have a combination of traits in varying degrees.

Moreover, Freud (1989) as cited by Lampropoulos, Anastasiadis, and

Siakas (2022) characterized personality as something largely unconscious,

hidden, and unknown. Personality is an easy concept for most of us to grasp.

9
The coherent pattern of affect, cognition, and desires as it leads to behavior

(Revelle, 2013).

Openness. Being open-minded, creative, intelligent, and imaginative a

students is measured by the openness attribute. People that are more reopen

are frequently more willing to try new things or to listen to different points of

view. As for John (2020), openness is rated on a sliding scale that can help

organizations succeed in a variety of situations, from pursuing new ideas to

achieving greater emotional equilibrium. Despite it’s early survival challenges,

openness is today acknowledged as a personality trait with broad implication

(Sutin, 2017).

Openness to experience is that part of everyone’s personality that

describes receptiveness to new ideas, different concepts and opinions,

change, curiosity, creativity, and imagination. According to Chuang (2022), the

setting and disciplinary domain determine the type and degree of openness

does the person’s have. Being open-minded is being willing to take into

account different viewpoints and making an effort to show empathy for others,

even if you don't agree with them. Of course, there are boundaries to open-

mindedness. That doesn't mean you have to agree with every worldview.

Attempting to comprehend the circumstances that may have given rise to

those notions can be useful in figuring out how to get others to reconsider

their positions (Matthew, 2023).

However, Cherry (2023) believed that although having an open mind is

typically regarded as a good trait, it is not always simple. Open to

acknowledging and investigating many viewpoints, cultures, ideas, and

10
concepts. Furthermore, according to Benjamin et al. (2018), people with

creative personality traits are aggressive, favor work that has an impact on

others, and work hard to establish their abilities and receive attention from

their employers. In addition, the findings of Liang and Yeh (2015),

demonstrated that among the students openness had the most influence on

academic achievement through the mediating role of imaginative talents.

Conscientiousness. It reflects the tendency to be responsible,

organized, hardworking, goal directed, and to adhere to rules. It is a trait that

is commonly associated with awareness. Conscientiousness students have

the ability to delay desire and adhere to socially dictated norms for impulse

culture (Robert, et.al (2013).

This trait commonly associated with awareness; typically conscious

people are well organized, demonstrate self-control and can plan time very

well. A person who is very scrupulous may also struggle with spontaneity and

become unduly rigid or inflexible. In severe situations, students could

experience obsessive-compulsive disorder and perfectionism (Hartmann,

2017). Although for Ertl (2021), those with low conscientiousness students are

sometimes thought of as careless and erratic, they are also more likely to

think creatively and could adapt effectively to last-minute requests. This may

be advantageous in circumstances that call for quick thinking or action.

Conscientious people tend to work diligently to achieve goals they've set for

their future. Darby (2023), describes it as the perfect personality for a team.

According to Sliuzaite et.al (2015), asserts that there is no denying the

significance of accountability in both one’s personal and professional spheres.

11
Since responsibility has so many different connotations, it can be difficult for

students to communicate clearly about what is expected of them at work in

terms of results. Moreover, organized students take time to organize and

devise systems for monitoring tasks, projects, etc. They plan ahead for

upcoming chores and provide time for lengthy assignments so they are not

rushing to finish assignments at the last minute (Whitaker, 2020).

Extroversion. A measure of how energetic, sociable and friendly a

person is. Bernard (2014) stated that individual characteristics that would be

quantitatively measurable. Extroverts are commonly understood as being a

‘people’s person’ drawing energy from being around with others.

It is concerned with things that are outside of a person. Instead of

being concerned with the own thoughts, people are concerned with the

surroundings. According to Zaide et. al (2013), extraversion is indicated by

positive emotions and the tendency to seek the company of other individuals.

You adore striking up talks with complete strangers in addition to your friends,

family, and other students. You enjoy getting to know new people and

discovering their stories. Extroverts typically use speech as a means of

organizing and exploring their ideas, in contrast to introverts who typically

think things through before speaking (Cherry, 2023).

Extroverted communication tends to be more abstract, whereas

introverted speech tends to be more concrete, according to research. Based

on the study of Rains (2023), students with high levels of energy are

frequently proactive and capable of making decisions with the right amount of

confidence and haste. Any team or project they work on can benefit from their

12
confidence. Extraversion is expected to be sociable in different situations and

over time (Diener and Lucas, 2018). In addition, extrovert students are usually

highly open and willing to communicate their views and feelings, whereas

introverts are commonly thought of as distant and closed off (Goldman, 2015).

Career Choices

According to Uvaro (2023), the process of deciding on a career path is

known as career choice. Choosing what you want to do for the rest of your life

might be a long-term choice. Nevertheless, choosing a career might also

happen later in life when you're considering a shift.. Given the importance of

making the right career choice, it is imperative that individuals are aware of

the factors that influence such weighty decisions and do so from a point of

knowledge ( Nyamwange 2016). Career choice is a significant issue in the

developmental live of youths because it is reported to be associated with

positive as well as harmful psychological, physical and socio-economic

inequalities that persist well beyond the youthful age into an individual’s adult

life (Bubic and Ivanisevic, 2016).

Career choice is one of the most significant problems and obstacles

that they face during their academic career. It entails the exchange of a large

number of intricately intertwined components. According to Nyamwange

(2016), a student’s current circumstances, gifts, abilities, and scholarly

achievements all influence career choice. It is not an easy task; it entails a

lengthy decision-making process. Their career choices are influenced by

financial considerations, as they must pay for family expenses. Many studies

have found that factors like fitness, life circumstances, and academic

13
achievement all play a role in career choices (Kazi, A. S., & Akhlaq, A. 2017).

Students’ career choices will impact the remainder of their lives. Student’s

career choices were influenced by their grades, ages, personal interests, and

experiences, among other factors, and it was through their educational

experiences that these students determined what they wanted to accomplish

in their future careers (Quinter et al., 2018). Career choices require a high

level of creativity, experimentation, decision-making, and sound judgment.

Environment. Aderigbigbe (2017) said, that research evidence shows

that the choice of career among secondary school students is determined by

a combination of personal abilities, personality type and certain environmental

factors. From the foregoing, the elaborate research conducted by Olatunji

(2015), indicates that the social environment has functionally since it looks

into social concepts such as the family, religion, education, peer group and

even political group.

Moreover, Siddiky (2021) study’s that most respondents study on the

own to pursue their desired careers. Mwaa (2016), also states that to

determine the importance and relationship between these parental

characteristics and the job choice of the student. Additionally, the interaction

between students and professionals in the industry is crucial because it gives

the students with the chance to talk about and elucidate their thought

processes as well as match their perceptions of different academic fields and

career options with the real-world circumstances (Ahmad, 2017).

Effect of opportunity. Opportunity may influence how students have

perceived their future in terms of the reasonable probability of a future in

14
particular career fields. As cited by Joe (2023), the process of choosing a

career is not always straightforward. There are a number of predominant

elements that can influence an individual’s decision. These include

interpersonal dynamics, academic performance, family socioeconomic status,

and intrinsic and extrinsic factors.

According to Rains (2023), students in many cases will need the proper

mentoring opportunities to succeed. These support groups will be another

opportunity that if properly implemented, can help a student in the career

choice process. The support system must have been in place and readily

available for the student to utilize. The creation of support groups will have to

be in place to sustain the student through times of financial, emotional, and

educational need. It can be safely concluded here that in ones choosing

career not just a single factor has an impact on this life building process but

undoubtedly is one delicate process where so many factors go together in

helping an individual in choosing a right career and ultimately then helping

him or her in succeeding in the same ( Najar, 2019).

According to Roe (2015), each person's needs also influence the type

of work they might prefer to do depending on the aforementioned elements,

as well as whether or not they make realistic career decisions. According to

Osie et. al (2023), the effects of opportunity, person factors on the career

decision-making of students analyzed how chance events moderate these

relationships. The study reveals that students’ self-efficacy and outcome

expectations are two cognitive-person factors that positively and significantly

influence students’ career choices.

15
 While, Eriksson (2018) argues that numerous adolescents in schools

believe they do not receive the necessary support to make these decisions,

as evidenced by earlier research. However, the main presumptions state that

early exposure to a profession leads to successful careers, that extrinsic

factors influence the career choices of business and administration students,

and that a good university education is a critical factor in determining career

choice (Marinas, 2016).

Effect of personality. According to Holland as cited by Kimongo et. al

(2016), the activities that relate to a person’s skills and abilities determine the

personality type. Concrete, productive, and pragmatic values characterize

realistic personality types.

Some careers demand that you have the personality to match the

qualities of the occupation. For example, sales people have to be outgoing.

Splaver (2017) states that, personality plays an important role in the choosing

of the right career. A student’s personality must be a self-motivated type, as to

investigate career possibilities from early on in their lives, and not the

procrastinating type that waits until they are compelled to decide. Students

must take seriously the role grades play in limiting opportunities in the future.

It is important for you to have a good understanding of yourself, your

personality, if you are to make intelligent career plans. Being interested in a

particular profession is very important as interest is strongly bonded with

career decision making (Yousuf, 2015).

Based on the result of the study of Fong (2013), certain positive

personality traits may lead to more healthy and successful career seeking

16
behaviors. Making right choice of a career requires considering the possessed

individual values are the source of individual differences. Students will be

more active in career exploration while also complementing and

supplementing the personality trait, so that students will achieve a more

beneficial career planning and development process (Tang, Pan, and

Newmeyer, 2015).

It can be safely concluded here that in ones choosing career not just a

single factor has an impact on this life building process but undoubtedly is one

delicate process where so many factors go together in helping students in

choosing a right career and ultimately then helping a students in succeeding

in the same both negative and positive. Based on the related literature, not all

personality traits has a significant relationship in career choices of a students,

but most of them has a positive views about its relationship.

From the aforementioned views it is clear that choosing a right career

is not an easy job like stressing just on interest or on factors that we often put

at the platform at the time of choosing any career related issue. The above

review has clearly emphasized how other factors including environment,

opportunity, and personality are factors that we often put on hold and

consequently demotivates a student in the same chosen career later on. To

abbreviate our above discussion we can safely conclude here that all the

above highlighted factors should be given equal weightage without any

external push as exerting pressure in choosing career and dictatorial attitude

for the student’s traits. Moreover, it requires a balance between the freedom

given to the student to make an independent decision, and counseling on

17
behalf of the parents and teachers, to share their insight and experience in

aligning the personality traits in the choice of career.

CHAPTER 2

Methods

This chapter covers the methodology used in the study. It includes

research design, research locale, research respondents, research

instruments, ethical considerations, data gathering, and data analysis.

Research Design

This study will use a quantitative employing descriptive correlational

research as the design as this study will aim to investigate the relationship of

personality traits and career choices of Grade 12 Senior High School

students. Quantitative research The focus of quantitative methods is on

objective measurements and the statistical, mathematical, or numerical

analysis of data gathered. According to Babbie (2015), the goal of quantitative

research is to collect numerical data, generalize it to other populations, or

provide an explanation for a specific phenomenon. Without influencing or

changing any of the variables, correlational study design examines

relationships between the variables. While, descriptive correlational is the

direction and/or degree of the relationship between two or more variables and

the connection may have a positive or negative direction (Bhandari, 2021).

The descriptive-correlational method will be appropriate for this study since

the researchers aims to determine the relationship of personality traits and

career choices of Grade 12 Senior High School students.

18
 Research Locale

This study will be carried out in the Island Garden City of Samal,

province of Davao Del Norte, Region XI, Philippines . The division of Island

Garden City of Samal is further divided into four districts with Babak, Samal,

Kaputian and Talicud. Specifically, this research study will focus in two Grade

12 Senior High schools. A map of the research locale will be found in

Appendix A.

Research Respondents

This study will employ total enumeration sampling in technique in

choosing the respondents. In total enumeration, the entire population will be

taken for data gathering. According to Australia Bureau of Statistics (2017),

collecting information from all units in population are called total enumeration.

This sampling technique will be appropriate for the research to used to avoid

bias in identifying the respondent and for accurate information gathering.

The respondents of this study will be the Grade 12 Senior High School

students. Since complete enumeration will be the sampling method in this

study, the entire population of Grade 12 students will be included. There will

be a total population of 100 respondents for this research and will be sufficient

for data gathering.

19
 Research Instrument

The researchers will use two research instruments in gathering the

data for statistical analysis. For the independent variable the scale on

Personality Test by Myers and Briggs (2021) will be employed. To measure

the personality traits of Grade 12 Senior High School students, the

respondents will use the following in rating the questionnaire: 5 as strongly

agree; 4 as agree; 3 undecided; 2 as disagree and 1 as strongly disagree.

The Likert scale below will be used to analyze the result.

Range of Means Descriptive Level Descriptive

Interpretation

4.20-5.00 Very High This means that students’

personality traits are

always manifested.

3.40-4.19 High This means that students’

personality traits are

often manifested.

2.60-3.39 Moderate This means that students’

personality traits are

sometimes manifested.

20
1.80-2.59 Low This means that students’

personality traits are

seldom manifested.

1.00-1.79 Very Low This means that students’

personality traits are

never manifested.

To gather the data in evaluating the dependent variable, which is the

career choices of Grade 12 Senior High School students, this study will use

The factors determining the Choice of Career among High School students

adapted by Olamide and Olawaiye (2013), the respondents will use the

following in rating the questionnaire: 5 as strongly agree; 4 as agree; 3

undecided; 2 as disagree and 1 as strongly disagree. The Likert scale below

will be used to analyze the result.

Range of Means Descriptive Level Descriptive Interpretation

4.20-5.00 Very High This means that students’

career choices are

always manifested.

3.40-4.19 High This means that students’

career choices are

often manifested.

2.60-3.39 Moderate This means that students’

21
 career choices are

sometimes manifested.

1.80-2.59 Low This means that students’

career choices are

seldom manifested.

1.00-1.79 Very Low This means that students’

career choices are

never manifested.

In summary, there will be 60 components in the research instruments.

Part one will consist of 30 items for the independent variable and Part 2 will

include another 30 items for the dependent variable. This survey will be

verified by experts. It will be then to put through a pilot test to determine the

reliability.

Ethical Considerations

Ensuring that a study is guided by ethical principles are crucial to

protect the rights and well-being of research respondents. The following

ethical principles were effectively implemented throughout the conduct of the

study. In the conduct of this study, the researchers ensured that the anonymity

and confidentiality of the respondent’s responses consideration and

guidelines set by the Department of Education. The following ethical

22
considerations were effectively implemented throughout the conduct of the

study.

Social Value. The researchers deem it’s importance to contribute to

the existing knowledge in the research community using the results of this

study. This study will be significant in addressing the research gap in the

relationship between personality traits and career choices of Grade 12 Senior

High School students. The findings of this study will be communicated to the

respondents and School Heads to further investigate the influence of

personality traits and career choices of students. This can also help parents to

guide the students in shaping the career. This study will be valuable as a

reference for the respondents’ future research endeavors.

Informed Consent and Assent. Researchers will obtain inform consent

from respondents before conducting the survey, ensuring they have a clear

understanding of the study’s purpose, procedures and benefits. All qualified

respondents there given the free-will to participate in the study as their

participation is voluntary respondent’s refusal to participate involved no

penalty or loss of benefits to which they are otherwise entitled. Researchers

should document the informed consent process, including written consents

forms. Informed consent requires that respondents understand the nature of

the study and it’s potential consequences, both positive and negative.

Risk, Benefits and Safety. The researchers will evaluate the potential

risks of this study. The respondents will not be subjected to any harm or

danger in answering the survey questionnaires and will not be forced to

answer if any discomfort will be felt. Risk such as physical discomfort, pain,

23
potential harm or danger, and health risk should be identified and minimized

as much as possible. The study should aim to maximize the potential benefits

for respondents and/or school. This includes protecting the safety of personal

information of respondents, minimizing risk and potential harm, providing

adequate information.

Privacy and Confidentiality of Information. Researchers must take

steps to ensure that respondents personal information and research data are

kept confidential and secure using personal flash drive and not communicated

in any way that will violate the privacy. Respondents must be informed about

the measures being taken to protect the privacy before participating the study.

Confidentiality is particularly important in research when sensitive information

about respondents is being collected, such as personal information. The

researchers will keep the responses for this study sealed and undisclosed.

Any identifiable information obtained in connection with this study remained

confidential.

Justice. Researcher will ensure that respondents selection is fair and

unbiased, avoiding any form of discrimination or exclusion. Ensuring that the

study will be conduct fairly and equitably, and that all respondents involved in

the study are treated with respect and dignity.

Transparency. Researchers will be transparent about the methods,

data collection, and analysis. This includes providing detailed information on

how the research was conducted and making the results accessible for

scrutiny. The researchers will uphold the virtues of honesty and impartially in

24
dealing with the respondents of this study. The findings of this study will be

communicated to the respondents.

Qualification of Researcher. The researchers are Grade 12 students

that are enrolled in Practical Research 2 and have the sufficient experiences

and qualifications to conduct the research ethically and competently. This

ensures that the research is carried out by individuals who understand the

ethical and methodological complexities involved. And the researchers will ask

permission to the School Head and Practical Research Adviser to conduct this

study.

Adequacy of Facilities. The adequacy of facilities of this study will be

established. Research will be conducted the personal survey in an

environment that is safe, suitable, and equipped to support the research

objectives. Adequate resources and facilities should be available to prevent

harm or risks to respondents. After the collection of data the researchers will

store it in the mobile phones and USB drive for a safer collection before

making a hard copy.

Community Involvement. The researchers will ensure that the survey

questionnaires to be answered by the respondents will not be biased against

gender, religion, culture, and races. The privacy of Grade 12 students as

respondents will be respected. The research questionnaires were formulated

with a sense of respect to local traditions and culture of the research locale.

The items in the research questionnaire are free from any cultural, gender,

religion, or racial biases.

25
 Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers will follow the steps systematically in gathering the

data of this study. The procedures in asking permission to conduct the study,

administration and retrieval of questionnaires, and gathering and tabulation of

data are discussed below.

Asking permission to conduct the study. It is essential to obtain

informed consent from the school head, teachers, parents and to the

respondents of this study. The researchers will ask permission from School

Head, teacher, parents of the Grade 12 students, and to the respondents

concerned to administer the research instrument. Also it involves explaining

the purpose of the study, the data collection methods, how the data will be

used, and any potential risks or benefits. Respondents should have the option

to consent or decline to participate.

Administration and retrieval of questionnaires. The research

questionnaires to be use in this study will be in hard copy survey form and

subjected to content validation to ensure its reliability. The instrument will be

personally administered by the researchers to collect data to get the essential

outcomes of this study among the respondents. The filled questionnaire will

be collected on the spot by the researchers. The collected data will be stored

in mobile phones and USB drive.

Gathering and tabulation of data. Once the data are collected

researchers will need to process and analyze it. This involves organizing the

data, checking for completeness and accuracy, and then tabulating or

entering it into a database or statistical software for analysis.

26
 Data Analysis

In analyzing the result of the study, the researcher will use the following

statistical tools:

Mean. This will be used in determining the level of personality traits

and career choices of Grade 12 General Academic Strand (GAS) students.

Person Product Moment Correlation of Coefficient. This statistical tool

will be used to determine the significant relationship between personality traits

and career choices of Grade 12 General Academic Strand (GAS) students.

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