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Unit 2 - Cells Structure Function

This document provides an overview of cell structure and function, defining cells as the basic unit of life and describing their components including organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. It explains the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as plant and animal cells, and includes exercises for students to label cell diagrams and understand the roles of the cell membrane and other structures.

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37 views

Unit 2 - Cells Structure Function

This document provides an overview of cell structure and function, defining cells as the basic unit of life and describing their components including organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. It explains the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as plant and animal cells, and includes exercises for students to label cell diagrams and understand the roles of the cell membrane and other structures.

Uploaded by

espantocd
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 34

Unit 2: Cells- Structure &

Function
Title: Intro. To Cells INB  page.  26  
Worksheet & Video

Worksheet  Answers   10  Facts  from  Video  
1.  
 
2.  
 
3.  
 
4.  
 
5.  
 
6.  
 
7.  
8.  
9.  
10.    
Title: Cell Structure & Function INB  page.  25  
EQ: What is a cell & what are the differences among the types of cells?
A  Cell  is:  the  smallest  unit  of  structure  &  
funcDon  of  a  living  thing.  

Anton  van  Leewenhoek  first  discovered  cells  by  


looking  through  a  simple  microscope.  
• Robert Hooke first used a compound
microscope to view cork cells.


• Hooke first used the term “cell”

hMp://viewpure.com/XzEvK6KNivc  
 

• In the Mathias Schleiden


identified the first plant cells &
found that all plants are made
of cells.

Cell Theory!
1. All living things are made up of 1 or
more cells.

2. Cells are the smallest working units


of all living things.

3. All cells come from other cells


through cell division.
Number of Cells:
• Unicellular-made of 1 cell

• Multicellular- made of many cells


Two types of cells:
• Prokaryotes: no nucleus or organelles!
– Ex: bacteria!
!
• Eukaryotes: have a nucleus & organelles !
– Ex: plants, animals, fungi!
• Organelles- found in a cell & have
specific functions
Cell Organelles
INB page. 27
1) Nucleus
" Control center, stores DNA
2) Nucleolus
" Center of the nucleus,
produces ribosomes
3) Cell Membrane
uControls which substances can
enter or leave the cell
4) Cytoplasm
u gel-like
fluid in
which organelles
are found.
5) Cytoskeleton
" Gives the cell shape
and structure
6) Mitochondria
" “Powerhouse of the
cell”, releases
energy from food
7) Ribosome
" Small structures
that make proteins
8) Endoplasmic Reticulum
(ER)
" Passageways that
move materials within
the cell
9) Golgi Apparatus
" Flattened sacs that
store & releases
chemicals
10)Lysosomes
" “Garbage disposal,”
contain chemicals that
breakdown wastes,
animal cells have a lot.
11) Vacuoles
" Store water, food and minerals,
animal cells have small vacuoles
12) Cell Wall
" Rigid, protective barrier
on the outside of the cell
membrane. Plants only!
13) Chloroplast
" Site of photosynthesis, trap
sunlight to make food.
Plants ONLY!
14)Lysosomes
" Contains
chemicals to
breakdown
wastes. Only
SOME
plants have
these.
15)Large Vacuole
" Stores water
and minerals,
takes up 90% of
plant cell
Quick Review
" Which organelle is the control center of the cell? Nucleus
" Which organelle holds the cell together? Cytoplasm
" Which organelles are not found in animal cells? Cell wall,
chloroplasts,
" Which organelle helps plant cells make food? lysosomes,
" What does E.R. stand for? chloroplasts large vacuole

" Draw the Mitochondria. Endoplasmic Reticulum

" What organelle makes proteins? ribosomes


" What is the function of the cell membrane?
" Draw the Golgi apparatus. Controls what enters & exits cell
" What does “cyto” mean? cell
" Draw the cytoplasm.
" Where are ribosomes made?
nucleolus
Title: Unit of Life- Cell Lab
INB page. 28-30

*Please glue in your lab pages to match the


pictures above.
Title: Alphabet Soup Challenge/ Cell Paragraph
INB page. 31
RULES
1. Each team will choose
ONE word associated
with THE CELL UNIT
for each letter of the
alphabet.
2. Your team’s goal is to
pick a word that no
other team chooses.
3. Your team will receive
a point if your word is
not duplicated by any
other team.
INB page. 31
Cell Paragraph Use pg. 14-15 in Cell
Textbook

Topic: Describe the similarities and differences of a prokaryotic


cell and a eukaryotic cell.

1st Sentence: The main similarity between a ________ & __________ is


___________.

2nd Sentence: The most obvious difference between_________ &


_____________ is _________________.

3rd Sentence: Another difference is ________________.

4th Sentence: By comparing __________ & _______, I understood that


______________________________________.
Topic: Cell Membrane Notes INB page. 33
EQ: What is the cell membrane made of &
what is its main function?
Functions
ü Protective barrier
ü Regulates what moves in & out of cell
ü Keeps HOMEOSTASIS (balance of
molecules inside & outside of cell)
Structure
ü Bilayer (two layers) of Phospholipids (fats)
u Hydrophobic tails- “fear water”
u Hydrophilic heads- “love water”
u Small molecules can fit between
phospholipids ex, H2O

Let’s draw a
phospholipid!
Structure
ü Channel Proteins- allow big molecules
to move in & out of cell
Title: INB page. 34
Cell Membrane Drawing Instructions
1. Use BLUE to color the cell interior AND the cell exterior, because
both areas contain WATER.
2. Use PURPLE to draw three channel proteins. Make sure to label
one channel protein. (Use pg. 36 for help)
3. Use ORANGE to draw a few molecules moving in or out of the
cell through the channel proteins. Use arrows to show what direction
the molecules are moving. (Use pg. 36 for help)
4. Use RED of the Hydrophilic heads and GREEN for the
Hydrophobic tails.
*Fill in the rest of the cell with phospholipids. Make sure there
are NO SPACES between the molecules in your membrane! If there
are any spaces/holes your cell will leak all of its contents or a
bacteria/virus will enter and your cell will die!
5. Label one phospholipid’s hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail.

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