Q3 - 02 Science 9 - Volcanic Eruption

Volcanic Eruption
Prepared by: John Anthony E. Beron

Lesson Objectives
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to…
➢ describe the structure of a volcano;
➢ describe the different types of volcano based on structure, and
activity;
➢ give examples of the types volcanoes which are found in the
Philippines;
➢ describe the different types of volcanic eruption; and,
➢ create an advocacy material or activity that will help raise awareness
about the signs of an impending volcanic eruption.
Identify the type of volcano (Cinder Cone, Shield Volcano,
Composite Volcano) as described by the following statements.
1. It is the most abundant and

the simplest type of volcano.
Cinder Cone
2. It is built almost entirely of

fluid lava flows.
Shield Volcano
3. It is slightly domed structure

that resembles a warrior’s shield.
Shield Volcano
4. Mayon Volcano is an example

of this type of volcano.
Stratovolcano (Composite Volcano)

5. It has a steep slope and wide

crater.
Cinder Cone
6. It is built from ejected lava

fragments.
Cinder Cone
7. It has a nearly perfect sloped

structure.

8. An example of this type of volcano

is the Taal Volcano in Batangas.
Cinder Cone
9. It is formed from alternate

solidification of both lava and pyroclastic
deposits.

10. It can easily be identified

because of its structure which is tall
and broad with flat rounded shape.
Shield Volcano
Where Does the Word ‘Volcano’ Come From?
Have you ever thought about why volcanoes are actually called
'volcanoes'? Can you think of a reason why?
The word 'volcano' comes from The island

the island ‘Vulcano’, which is a actually gets its
volcanic island in Italy. name from the
Roman god of
fire – Vulcan.
Vulcano, Italy.
The Roman God of Fire
Roman mythology says that Vulcan lived in a volcano. As well as being the god of fire, he made many
weapons and forged them using metal and fire. He was a very skilled blacksmith.
Romans believed that if Vulcan was

made angry, the volcano would erupt. So
they tried their best to please him and
not anger him.
Forged: to have made or
shaped
Click a metal
on the wordobject
in boldusing a
to find
fire
out or furnace.
what it means!
Types of Volcanic
Eruptions
Types of Volcanic Eruptions
➢ Different types of volcanoes erupt
differently.
➢ They are generally classified as wet or dry
depending on the magma’s water content.
➢ Volcanoes are described according to the
style of eruption as follows:
Phreatic or hydrothermal
➢ It is a stream-driven eruption as the hot
rocks come in contact with water.
➢ It is short lived, characterized by ash
columns but may be a beginning of a
larger eruption.
Phreatomagmatic
➢ Phreatomagmatic is a violent eruption
due to the contact between water and
magma.
➢ As a result, a large column of very fine
ash and high-speed and sideway emission
of pyroclastic materials called base surges
are observed.
Strombolian
➢ Characterized by intermittent and
moderate eruptions.
➢ Explosive bursts of gas and ash are
ejected.
➢ Named after the volcano Stromboli in
Italy, where this type of activity is
common.
Vulcanian
➢ More explosive than Strombolian
eruptions.
➢ Involves the ejection of volcanic rocks
and ash clouds.
➢ Named after the volcano Vulcano in Italy.
Plinian
➢ Highly explosive and characterized by a vertical
eruption column that can reach stratospheric
heights.
➢ Involves the release of ash, pumice, and volcanic
gases.
➢ Named after the Roman author Pliny the Younger,
who described the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in
79 AD.
Types of Volcanic
Eruptions
Hawaiian Eruption
➢ Characterized by relatively calm and non-
explosive outpouring of basaltic lava.
➢ Lava fountains and lava flows are
common.
➢ Typically associated with shield
volcanoes, such as those found in Hawaii.
Pelean Eruption
➢ Associated with highly viscous magma,
typically andesitic or dacitic.
➢ Involves the eruption of hot pyroclastic
flows, ash clouds, and volcanic gases.
➢ Named after the eruption of Mount Pelée
in Martinique in 1902.
Submarine Eruption
➢ Takes place underwater.
➢ Can lead to the formation of new islands
or underwater volcanic features.
➢ May produce pillow lava due to rapid
cooling in the water.
Signs of an
Impending
Volcanic Eruption

Q3 - 02 Science 9 - Volcanic Eruption

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Volcanic Eruption

Prepared by: John Anthony E. Beron

1. It is the most abundant and

2. It is built almost entirely of

3. It is slightly domed structure

4. Mayon Volcano is an example

Stratovolcano (Composite Volcano)

5. It has a steep slope and wide

6. It is built from ejected lava

7. It has a nearly perfect sloped

Stratovolcano (Composite Volcano)

8. An example of this type of volcano

9. It is formed from alternate

Stratovolcano (Composite Volcano)

10. It can easily be identified

The word 'volcano' comes from The island

Romans believed that if Vulcan was

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