Screenshot 2023-01-11 at 8.11.58 PM
Screenshot 2023-01-11 at 8.11.58 PM
Screenshot 2023-01-11 at 8.11.58 PM
Name of Experiment:
COOLING TOWER 2
Experiment No: 4
EVALUATION
Overall Mark
2.Mr.Aram
3.Mrs.Raveen
Purpose:
To calculate efficiency of the cooling tower, and to study the effect
of cooling load on the cooling tower efficiency.
Figure(1)
2
1 nozzle as atomiser
2 wet deck surface
3 displays and controls
4 air chamber
5 fan with throttle valve
6 pump
7 tank with heating
8 tank for additional water
9 combined temperature/humidity sensor
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Theory:
The performance of the cooling tower depends on various
𝐑𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞
𝐄𝐟𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐲 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐜𝐨𝐨𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐭𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 % = ∗𝟏𝟎𝟎
(𝐑𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞 + 𝐀𝐩𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐚𝐜𝐡)
4
The Cooling tower efficiency can be written as the ratio of cooling
range, to the ideal range, i.e., difference between cooling water
inlet temperature and ambient wet bulb temperature.
𝑇5−𝑇6
Efficiency= ∗ 100%
𝑇5−𝑇2
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Experimental Procedure:
1. Fill water in make-up cylinder, and mark the maximum amount state of
water be that added to cylinder .
3. Turn on the water pump to move the water to the distribution system
and drops down on the air out feathers, here the purpose of the feathers
makes the surface area bigger to help cooling the water quickly packing
tower, this pump heat the water by 0.1kw.
6. The air from the pump touches the water at make it cooler and the
warmness of water turns to air and that causes vaporization.
7. For each one we have to wait for 10 minutes until system reached
steady state To Read all temperature.
8. Fill water in make-up tank up to the mark and note the volume of
evaporated in 10 minutes to find rate of evaporation.
Data:
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1 2 3 4
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Now we solve an equation (group A) in class room:
*points A and B be plotted on the psychometric chart by using the wet and dry.
bulb temperatures
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Calculate the following:
T1=20.8+273.15=293.95K
T2=17.0+273.15=290.15K
T3=22.9+273.15=296.95K
T4=29.7+273.15=295.85K
T5=29.5+273.15=302.65K
T6=23.1+273.15=296.25K
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1. Mass flow rate of air (𝒎̇𝒂 )?
𝑥
𝑚̇𝑎 = 0.0137√
(1 + 𝑊𝐵 )𝑣𝑎𝐵
16
𝑚𝑎 = 0.0137√
(1 + 17.401)(0.862)
𝑚𝑎 = 0.0138𝑘𝑔/𝑠
2.Change in water enthalpy?
∆𝐻 = 𝑚𝑤 ∗ 𝑐𝑝 ∗ (𝑡5 − 𝑡6 )
mw=40g/s
40
𝑚𝑤 = = 0.04𝑘𝑔
1000
𝑘𝑗
𝑐𝑝𝑤 = 4.18 .𝐾
𝑘𝑔
T5=29.5+273.15=302.65K
T6=28.3+273.15=301.45K
∆𝐻 = (0.04)(4.18)(302.65-301.45)
𝑘𝑗
∆𝐻 = 0.20064 .𝐾
𝑘𝑔
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𝑚̇𝐸 = 𝑚̇𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚𝐵 − 𝑚̇𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚𝐴
= 𝑚̇𝑎 (𝑊𝐵 − 𝑊𝐴 )
= (0.0138) (17.401 - 10.595)
=0.0939kg/s
∆𝐻̇ = 7.871 𝑘𝑤
=T6-T2=23.1-17=6.1 c
=T5-T6=29.5-23.1=6.4 c
= 1.0701𝑘𝑗 𝑜𝑟 0.000297𝑘𝑤
5. Cooling tower efficiency (CTE)?
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302.65 − 296.25
𝐶𝑇𝐸 = × 100 = 51.2% 𝑜𝑟 0.512
302.65 − 290.14
Result:
we determine the all temperatures of air,Mass flow rate of air Change in water
enthalpy, Change in enthalpy (∆𝐻̇) of the system, Cooling range, cooling range
load and approach to wet bulb temperature and Cooling tower efficiency
(CTE) that’s for documenting the measurement data , the following details
should be established after the experiment for the report.
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Graph:
1.Plot a graph with ordinate as ‘Cooling Range Load’ kW
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2.Plot another graph with ordinate as ‘Cooling Tower Efficiency (CTE)’
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Conclusion:
The higher the approach load, the lower the water cooling, because
when Q increases The cooling tower cools the water less for example
1.5,But if Q is less, the water will cool off.
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